TWI583656B - Environmental protection material with water retention and its making method - Google Patents

Description

Water-repellent environmental protection material and preparation method thereof 【0001】

The invention relates to an environmentally-friendly material with water retention and a preparation method thereof. The raw material is a shell and a coffee slag is used together, so that the shell and coffee slag as general waste can be recycled as an environmentally friendly material with water retention.

【0002】

Oyster is one of the main aquaculture products, but the added value of the oyster shell is not high, and its output is high, so the vast majority is arbitrarily abandoned. These oyster shells, which are arbitrarily discarded, are prone to mosquitoes and flies, as well as stray odors caused by high-temperature sunshine, which can also cause environmental pollution.

[0003]

The main component of the oyster shell is calcium carbonate, which has the value of reuse. Therefore, many studies on the recovery of oyster shells have been gradually developed; for example, oyster shells are used to make antacids to neutralize stomach acid and protect ulcers. Or it is applied to natural calcium supplements, food flavor improvement, etc. Or it is used to extract the pearl layer peptide in the oyster shell and apply it to skin care products, health products and beauty drinks. All of the above are the use of the added value of oyster shells to achieve the purpose of recycling waste resources.

[0004]

In other industrial applications, the Republic of China new patent M478025 has revealed a eucalyptus shell foam brick structure for neutralizing acid rain, which is first calcined by oyster shells and then ground into powder, mixed with cement and metal aluminum powder, etc. The hydration reaction of the cement reaches the cementing strength, and the aluminum powder is used to generate hydrogen in the cement slurry at normal temperature to form a foamed structure in the cement slurry, that is, the acid rain can be neutralized by the highly alkaline oyster shell foam brick. Further, in the Republic of China Invention Patent No. 206161, a filter medium and a filter device using animal fibers using animal fibers and using oyster shell powder as a filter material component have been disclosed. Another example is an antibacterial dechlorination material and a method for producing the same, which is a method for reacting a natural shell such as a clam shell, an oyster shell, and a clam shell with hydrochloric acid, and then reacting with sodium sulfite to obtain an antibacterial dechlorination material.

[0005]

With reference to various related technologies, it is known that the recovery of oyster shells is indeed a key project to promote resource reuse and sustainable development; and how to further develop high industrial value and products in this technical field, so that oyster shells, or similar shells The crab shell and the shrimp shell can have a good recycling pipeline and return to the living environment of the people properly, which is the problem to be solved by the invention of the present invention.

[0006]

The main object of the present invention is to provide a water-repellent environmentally-friendly material manufacturing method, which first breaks or further finely grinds a carapace into smaller particles, and then mixes it with coffee grounds, presses it into an ingot, and then passes through a sintering process. In the process of converting calcium carbonate into calcium oxide, the shells are mainly connected to each other to form a plurality of calcium oxide structures, and have a plurality of micropores in the calcium oxide structure for liquid storage; The coffee grounds are carbonized and reduced in volume during the sintering process, thus leaving a space for the liquid to circulate, while allowing the liquid to contact and enter the aforementioned micropores to achieve the purpose of water retention.

【0007】

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an environmentally-friendly material having water retention property, which can also be mixed into a clay at a discretion, and the binding ability of the clay is used to reinforce the stability between the calcium oxide structures, so that the obtained finished product is not easily loosened.

[0008]

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a water-repellent environmentally-friendly material, which may be a shell such as an oyster shell or a clam shell, or a general waste such as a crab shell or a shrimp shell, which is physically treated. After granulation, it is re-made and reused to give an environmentally friendly spirit.

【0009】

Another object of the present invention is to provide a water-repellent environmentally-friendly material which has a high water absorption capacity, and one of its practical uses can be used as a pavement tile, and absorbs and retains rainwater in rainy days, and then evaporates on a sunny day to play. The function of regulating urban temperature and slowing down the heat island effect. The finished product is mainly composed of calcium oxide and has the advantage of being non-toxic.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a water-repellent environmentally friendly material, the basic steps of which comprise: granulating at least one shell to form a plurality of shell-shell particles; mixing the shell-shell particles and a plurality of coffee The slag forms a mixture; the mixture is pressed to form an ingot; the ingot is sintered to form a sintered body, and the shell-shell particles are partially melted into a plurality of interconnected calcium oxide structures, and the coffee slag is sintered. The carbonization and volume are reduced, and it is located between the calcium oxide structures.

[0011]

The structure of the finished product comprises: a plurality of calcium oxide structures, any of the calcium oxide structures having a plurality of micropores, the micropores having a water retention space for liquid storage, and the calcium oxide structures having a plurality of And a plurality of carbonized coffee grounds connected to the calcium oxide structure and retaining a gap in the gap for liquid to circulate.

10‧‧‧shell
11‧‧‧Crustacean powder
20‧‧‧ coffee grounds
21‧‧‧Carbized coffee grounds
3‧‧‧ Mixed body
4‧‧‧Ingots
5‧‧‧Sintered body
50‧‧‧calcium oxide structure
51‧‧‧Microporosity
510‧‧‧Water retention space
52‧‧‧ gap
6‧‧‧Liquid
7‧‧‧Clay
S1~S4‧‧‧ steps

[0012]

Figure 1 is a flow chart showing the steps of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
2A is a schematic view showing the granulation of a shell according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
2B is a schematic view showing the formation of an ingot according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
3A is a schematic view showing the formation of a calcium oxide structure formed by a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
3B is a schematic view showing a plurality of calcium oxide structures in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a schematic view showing a sintered body in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5A: Schematic diagram of the contact of the calcium oxide structure with the liquid; and Figure 5B: a schematic diagram of the calcium oxide structure exiting the liquid to indicate that the liquid remains in the water retention space.

[0013]

For a better understanding and understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention, the preferred embodiments and the detailed description are described as follows:

[0014]

First, referring to Fig. 1, the present invention relates to a method for producing an environmentally friendly material having water retention, which comprises the following steps:


Step S1: granulating at least one shell to form a plurality of shell-shell particles;
Step S2: mixing the shell-shell particles and a plurality of coffee grounds to form a mixture;
Step S3: pressing the mixture to form an ingot; and step S4: sintering the ingot to form a sintered body, the k-shell particles forming a plurality of interconnected calcium oxide structures, which are sintered and carbonized And the volume is reduced, and is located between the calcium oxide structures.

[0015]

Referring to FIG. 2A, in step S1 of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shell 10 used may be a shell, a crab shell or a shrimp shell. In terms of the current situation of the aquaculture industry, the oyster shells in the shellfish have the characteristics of large output and difficult handling, so it is a better choice in terms of the production volume and the severity of the problem in the treatment. The simple and cleaned and dried shell 10 series can be preliminarily processed by rolling and tapping, and then finely ground through the sandpaper of 150~270, which can make the shell 10 with large volume and complete appearance. The granules are small-sized and uniform-sized shell-shell particles 11, which are not limited to a circular shape under microscopic observation, and may have an angular shape or an irregular shape as long as it is processed into a fine powder. Further use.

[0016]

Next, please refer to FIG. 2B. In step S2, the coffee grounds 20 are uniformly mixed with the aforementioned shell powder 11 , and the volume ratio of the two is 4:1 to 3:1, wherein 10:3 is preferred. . The coffee grounds 20 is a waste slag which is left after extraction by the household or beverage manufacturer to grind the coffee beans; the coffee grounds 20 used in the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been dried to remove moisture. It is in the state of dry powder, avoiding problems such as mold during storage, and even more uniform results can be achieved in mixing.

[0017]

Next, the mixed body 3 containing the shell powder 11 and the coffee grounds 20 after mixing is compressed into the ingot 4 by physical means, and the apparatus used may be a thermal embedding machine. In the preferred embodiment, the ingot is extruded at a temperature of 280 to 320 ° C and a pressure of 150 kg / cm 2 , and the shell powder 11 and the coffee ground 20 are evenly distributed throughout the ingot 4 . At the same time, the coffee grounds 20 will also have tar out due to heat, and a separate cleaning procedure is required to wipe off the tar. Before the pressing body 3 is pressed into the ingot 4, the liner of the paper sheet and the like may be preliminarily used as the upper and lower liners of the ingot, so as to avoid sticking between the finished product of the ingot 4 and the pressing mold device, and the paper sheet can be In the subsequent sintering process, carbonization into a small amount of carbon residue or gasification disappears, and does not affect the production results. In addition, if the coffee grounds 20 are not dried first, in the process of pressing the high temperature into the ingot 4, the water vapor can be detached, but it may be necessary to provide additional equipment for allowing the gaseous water to escape, so the aforementioned coffee grounds It is a good procedure to mix and compress with 20 pieces of shell powder 11 after drying.

[0018]

Next, the pressed ingot 4 is fed into a high-temperature sintering furnace for sintering, and the purpose is to stabilize the structure of the ingot 4 and to generate a gap between the water-retaining micropores and the water. The preferred embodiment of the invention is sintered at a sintering temperature of 850 to 950 ° C for a duration of about 2 hours. The main component of the shell (shell particle) is calcium carbonate, which decomposes into solid calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas under the heating of the aforementioned sintering temperature. In the sintered body formed by sintering, the calcium oxide will have some slight interconnection phenomenon, which is a schematic diagram of the calcium oxide structure as shown in FIG. 3A; and at the same time, there will be a plurality of micropores 51 on the surface of the calcium oxide. Formed by the effect of carbon dioxide gas, the interior of such micropores 51 can provide a water retention space 510 for liquid storage. The sintered body contains a large amount of calcium oxide structure 50, and there are a plurality of gaps 52 between the calcium oxide structures 50, as shown in Fig. 3B.

[0019]

Referring to FIG. 4, in the sintered body 5, the gap 52 between the calcium oxide structures 50 is a large amount of carbonized coffee grounds 21 dispersed. Because coffee slag is sintered in high temperature, some of its components will be carbonized by heat, and some components will be gasified and escaped. Therefore, the result of sintering is that the volume of coffee slag is reduced, so that the space occupied by the original coffee slag is gas. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 4, the coffee grounds 21 in the sintered body 5 is connected to the calcium oxide structure 50, and a flow space exists in the remaining gap 52 for the liquid to circulate. According to this, when the liquid contacts the sintered body 5, it flows along the pores 52 to enter the sintered body 5, and thus contacts the micropores 51 on the surface of the calcium oxide structure 50, thereby entering the water retaining space 510.

[0020]

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clay may be further mixed into the clay while mixing the clay, and the volume ratio of the shell powder to the coffee ground is still the same, and the preferred volume of the coffee grounds and the clay is preferred. The ratio is 3:1~6:1. The mixture mixed with clay is pressed into an ingot and sintered under the conditions of the foregoing preferred embodiment, wherein the clay can serve as a material for supporting the finished structure, which helps to fix the calcium oxide structure to compensate for the connection between the calcium oxide. The strength is not high, making the finished product more practical.

[0021]

Please refer to Figures 5A-5B for revealing how the present invention functions in the mechanism of water retention function; as shown, when the calcium oxide structure 50 is in contact with liquid 6 (e.g., water), due to capillary action and pressure The liquid 6 naturally enters the micropores 51 by an external force, and extrudes the gas originally located in the water retaining space 510. However, the pores of the micropores 51 of the liquid 6 staying in the water holding space 510 are relatively small, and are in the order of micrometers. Therefore, the liquid 6 needs to enter the water retaining space 510 by capillary action and pressure; however, when the calcium oxide structure 50 is removed from the liquid 6 At this time, the liquid 6 in the water holding space 510 does not flow out, but stays therein, and the liquid 6 is caused to leave the water holding space 510 unless it is affected by other external forces such as evapotranspiration, heating, or urging. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of water retention, so that the shell and coffee grounds, which are general wastes, are re-established with different industrial utilization values after being ground, pressed and sintered.

[0022]

In summary, the present invention discloses in detail a water-repellent environmentally friendly material and a method for producing the same, which successfully utilizes the reuse of a shell, crab shell or shrimp shell which is not easy to handle; and is based on the main component of the crust waste. It is a characteristic of calcium carbonate, which forms a micro-porosity and a water-retaining space for liquid storage, such as water, while forming a calcium oxide structure; at the same time, the coffee slag is also carbonized and reduced in volume, thereby generating a space for liquid circulation, so that The liquid can enter the micropores; in addition, the invention can be further mixed into the clay to enhance the stability of the finished structure. The present invention has a sufficient environmental protection concept, and based on the foregoing various performance advantages, the present invention is indeed a water-repellent environmentally friendly material having development potential and economic value and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0023]

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the variations, modifications, and modifications of the shapes, structures, features, and spirits described in the claims of the present invention. All should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

21‧‧‧Carbized coffee grounds

5‧‧‧Sintered body

50‧‧‧calcium oxide structure

51‧‧‧Microporosity

510‧‧‧Water retention space

52‧‧‧ gap

7‧‧‧Clay

Claims (9)

[Item 1] A method for producing water-repellent environmentally friendly materials, comprising the steps of:
Granulating at least one shell to form a plurality of shell-shell particles;
Mixing the shell-shell particles and a plurality of coffee grounds to form a mixture;
Pressing the mixture to form an ingot;
The ingot is sintered to form a sintered body, and the shell-shell particles form a plurality of interconnected plurality of calcium oxide structures which are sintered to be carbonized and reduced in volume and located between the calcium oxide structures. [Item 2] The method for producing water-repellent environmentally-friendly materials according to claim 1, wherein in the step of mixing the shell-shell particles and the coffee grounds, the volume ratio of the shell-shell particles and the coffee grounds is 4:1~3:1. [Item 3] The method for producing a water-repellent environmentally-friendly material according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein in the step of pressing the mixture, the pressing is performed at a temperature of 280 to 320 °C. [Item 4] The method for producing a water-repellent environmentally friendly material according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein in the step of sintering the ingot, the sintering temperature is 850 to 950 ° C, and the sintering time is 2 hours. [Item 5] The method for producing a water-repellent environmentally-friendly material according to claim 1, wherein in the step of mixing the shell-shell particles and the coffee grounds, a clay is further mixed. [Item 6] The method for producing water-repellent environmentally-friendly materials according to claim 5, wherein the coffee slag and the clay have a volume ratio of 3:1 to 6:1. [Item 7] The method for producing a water-repellent environmentally-friendly material according to claim 1, wherein the carapace is selected from the group consisting of a shell, a crab shell, and a shrimp shell. [Item 8] An environmentally friendly material with water retention, comprising:
a plurality of calcium oxide structures, each of the calcium oxide structures having a plurality of micropores, the micropores having a water retention space for liquid storage, and the plurality of gaps between the calcium oxide structures; and a plurality of carbonized coffee The slag is connected to the calcium oxide structure and retains a gap in the gap for liquid to circulate. [Item 9] The water-repellent environmentally-friendly material according to claim 8 further comprises a clay which is connected to the calcium oxide structure to fix the calcium oxide structure.