JP6233840B2 - Coal ash solidified product containing shell powder - Google Patents
Coal ash solidified product containing shell powder Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000006909 Tilia x europaea Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000237503 Pectinidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000020639 clam Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 shells (unfired) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Description
本発明は、石炭灰およびホタテやカキ貝殻などの廃棄物を用いた貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物に関する。 The present invention relates to a coal ash solidified product containing shell ash using coal ash and waste such as scallops and oyster shells.
我が国の石炭灰発生量は年々増加しており、近年は、年間１０００万トンを超え、これらの有効利用方法の開発が求められているのが現状である。一方、年間２０〜４０万トン産出されるホタテやカキの貝殻は、埋め立て地不足や埋め立てに伴う悪臭が地方自治体の抱える産廃処理問題の一つとして深刻な課題となっている。これらの理由から、石炭灰やホタテ貝殻などを大量に、かつ安価、そして安全に処理できる技術の開発が望まれる。 The amount of coal ash generation in Japan is increasing year by year. In recent years, the amount of coal ash generation has exceeded 10 million tons per year, and the development of effective utilization methods for these has been demanded. On the other hand, scallops and oyster shells produced 200,000 to 400,000 tons per year are a serious problem as one of the industrial waste disposal problems that local governments face due to the shortage of landfill sites and the bad smell associated with landfills. For these reasons, it is desired to develop a technology that can process coal ash and scallop shells in large quantities, inexpensively and safely.
このような状況から、本件出願の発明者等は、有効利用技術の開発が求められている石炭灰、およびホタテやカキなどの貝殻の廃棄物を用いて、養浜用の砂礫や路盤材等に利用可能で、環境影響がほとんどない石炭灰固化物およびこれを安価に製造することができる石炭灰固化物の製造方法を提案している（特許文献１参照）。 Under these circumstances, the inventors of the present application use the coal ash for which the development of effective utilization technology is required and the waste of shells such as scallops and oysters, sand gravel and roadbed materials for beach nourishment, etc. And a method for producing a coal ash solidified product that can be produced at low cost (see Patent Document 1).
特許文献１に記載された技術では、環境影響がほとんどない貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物が得られ、貝殻粉末含を有効に使用した技術となっている。しかし、貝殻粉末の割合を特定して貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の物性を把握するには至っていないのが現状であり、適用対象物の検討等のために、貝殻粉末の実用的な割合を特定する要望があるのが実情である。 According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, a shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product having almost no environmental impact is obtained, and this is a technique that effectively uses the shell powder content. However, it has not been possible to grasp the physical properties of the coal ash solidified material containing shell powder by specifying the proportion of shell powder. The actual situation is that there is a demand to identify.
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みてなされたもので、貝殻粉末の割合を特定した貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を提供することを目的とする。 This invention is made | formed in view of the said condition, and aims at providing the shell ash containing coal ash solidified material which specified the ratio of the shell powder.
上記目的を達成するための請求項１に係る本発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物は、石炭灰、未焼成の貝殻粉末、石灰類を含有する材料を混練して水和反応させた貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物において、前記貝殻粉末の割合が４３質量％から８０質量％であることを特徴とする。 The shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of the present invention according to claim 1 to achieve the above object is a shell powder obtained by kneading and hydrating coal ash, unfired shell powder, and a material containing limes. The contained coal ash solidified product is characterized in that a ratio of the shell powder is 43% by mass to 80% by mass .
請求項１に係る本発明では、未焼成の貝殻粉末の割合を４３質量％から８０質量％に特定し、貝殻粉末の実用的な割合を特定することが可能になる。貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物は、加圧成型や型枠中での振動締め固め等で作製することができる。 In the present invention according to claim 1, it is possible to specify the ratio of the unfired shell powder from 43 mass% to 80 mass%, and to specify the practical ratio of the shell powder. The shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product can be produced by pressure molding or vibration compaction in a mold.
そして、請求項２に係る本発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物は、請求項１に記載の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物において、前記石炭灰の割合が５質量％から４３質量％であることを特徴とする。また、請求項３に係る本発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物は、請求項２に記載の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物において、前記石灰類の割合が１１質量％であることを特徴とする。 And the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of the present invention according to claim 2 is the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the coal ash is 5 mass% to 43 mass%. It is characterized by. Further, the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of the present invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product according to claim 2, the ratio of the limes is 11% by mass. .
請求項２に係る本発明では、石炭灰の割合を特定することができ、請求項３に係る本発明では、石灰類の割合を特定して固化物の成分の割合を的確にすることができる。 In the present invention according to claim 2, the proportion of coal ash can be specified, and in the present invention according to claim 3, the proportion of the solidified product can be accurately determined by specifying the proportion of limes. .
本発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物は、貝殻粉末の割合を的確に特定することができる。 The shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of the present invention can accurately specify the ratio of shell powder.
以下、本発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物をその製造方法の一例と共に具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product of the present invention will be specifically described together with an example of its production method.
本願発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物は、石炭灰、貝殻細粉（未焼成）、石灰類と、必要に応じて添加される石膏類とを含有する材料を加圧成型した状態で、各種養生として高湿養生、次いで水中養生を実施し水和反応させたものであり、表面に炭酸カルシウムなどからなる炭酸塩被膜を有するものである。つまり、本願発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物は、石炭灰、貝殻粉末、石灰類を含む水和物の表面に、炭酸塩からなる被膜を有している。 The shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product of the invention of the present application is variously shaped under pressure molding of materials containing coal ash, shell fine powder (unfired), limes, and gypsum added as necessary. A high-humidity curing followed by an underwater curing is performed as a curing, and a hydrated reaction is performed, and the surface has a carbonate film made of calcium carbonate or the like. That is, the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of the present invention has a film made of carbonate on the surface of a hydrate containing coal ash, shell powder, and limes.
本願発明で用いる石炭灰は、特に組成を限定するものではなく、フライアッシュやクリンカアッシュを適用することができ、さらに、埋め立て処理されたものを再度利用してもよい。 The composition of the coal ash used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and fly ash or clinker ash can be applied, and the landfilled one may be reused.
一方、本願発明での貝殻粉末は、ホタテ、カキ、ハマグリ、アサリなど各種の貝殻を粉末として用いたものであり、貝の種類は特に限定されない。これらの貝殻は廃棄物となるものをそのまま使用でき、焼成処理などして水和反応活性の高い生石灰（ＣａＯ）や消石灰（Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２）などにする必要はない。本発明において、貝殻粉末は、８５質量％以下の範囲で含有させる。例えば、好ましくは、５質量％〜８０質量％の範囲で含有させる。 On the other hand, the shell powder in the present invention uses various shells such as scallops, oysters, clams, clams and the like, and the type of shells is not particularly limited. These shells can be used as they are as waste, and it is not necessary to make quick calcined lime (CaO), slaked lime (Ca (OH) 2 ) or the like having high hydration reaction activity by baking treatment or the like. In this invention, shellfish powder is contained in 85 mass% or less. For example, it is preferably contained in the range of 5% by mass to 80% by mass.
石灰類は、例えば、生石灰（ＣａＯ）、消石灰（Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２）など、および貝殻粉末を焼成したもののなかから選択されるものである。 The limes are selected from, for example, quick lime (CaO), slaked lime (Ca (OH) 2 ), and the like, and those obtained by baking shell powder.
また、必要に応じて添加される石膏類を添加することも可能である。石膏類は、石炭灰、貝殻（未焼成）、石灰類との混合物の総カルシウム含有量の不足分を補うために添加するものであり、排脱石膏（脱硫石膏）、化学石膏、廃石膏ボード粉末、天然石膏などを挙げることができる。 Moreover, it is also possible to add the gypsum added as needed. Gypsum is added to compensate for the shortage of total calcium content in coal ash, shells (unfired), and limes. Waste gypsum (desulfurized gypsum), chemical gypsum, waste gypsum board Examples thereof include powder and natural gypsum.
本発明の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を製造するには、まず、石炭灰と、石灰類と、必要に応じて添加される貝殻細粉及び／又は石膏類とを湿式混合して混練物を得る。ここで、湿式混合は、例えば、ミキサー、ボールミルなど従来から周知の方法で行えばよい。湿式混合は、各原料がほぼ均一に混合されるように行えばよく、また、湿式混合は水を用いて行えばよく、混練物が、後工程で加圧成型するのに適した以上の水分含有量となるように行えばよい。 In order to produce the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of the present invention, first, coal ash, limes, and shell shell fine powder and / or gypsum added as needed are wet-mixed to obtain a kneaded product. obtain. Here, the wet mixing may be performed by a conventionally known method such as a mixer or a ball mill. The wet mixing may be performed so that the raw materials are mixed almost uniformly, and the wet mixing may be performed using water, and the kneaded material has a moisture content higher than that suitable for pressure molding in a subsequent process. What is necessary is just to carry out so that it may become content.
次に、このようにして得た混練物を加圧成型する。加圧成型する方法は特に限定されず、圧縮成型、押し出し成型（一軸圧成型）などを行えばよい。一軸圧押し出し成型を行う場合には、水分含有量が２０質量％程度とするのが好ましい。尚、振動締め固めにより混練物を成型することも可能である。 Next, the kneaded material thus obtained is pressure-molded. The method of pressure molding is not particularly limited, and compression molding, extrusion molding (uniaxial pressure molding), or the like may be performed. In the case of performing uniaxial pressure extrusion molding, the water content is preferably about 20% by mass. It is also possible to mold the kneaded material by vibration compaction.
ここで、加圧成型して成型物とするのは、材料同士を密着させた状態で、次の工程での反応を効率的に行わせるためである。加圧荷重は任意であり、０．６ＭＰａ以上の荷重で加圧成型するのが好ましく、０．６ＭＰａ未満の荷重で加圧成形することも可能である。 Here, the reason why the molding is performed by pressure molding is to allow the reaction in the next step to be efficiently performed in a state where the materials are brought into close contact with each other. The pressure load is arbitrary, and it is preferable to perform pressure molding with a load of 0.6 MPa or more, and it is also possible to perform pressure molding with a load of less than 0.6 MPa.
次に、このようにして加圧成型した成型物を高湿環境下に保持して水和反応させて水和反応物とする（高湿養生）。この高湿環境下では、成型物の水和反応を促進して貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の表面に炭酸カルシウムなどからなる緻密な表面被膜（表面骨格）を作る。かかる工程の高湿環境下とは、相対湿度が８５％ＲＨ以上の環境である。高湿保持する期間は、水和反応に耐え得る表面骨格が形成される期間（短期間）であればよい。相対湿度８５％、室温の環境では３日間以上保持すればよい。 Next, the pressure-molded molded product is maintained in a high humidity environment and hydrated to obtain a hydrated reaction product (high humidity curing). Under this high humidity environment, the hydrated reaction of the molded product is promoted, and a dense surface coating (surface skeleton) made of calcium carbonate or the like is formed on the surface of the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product. The high humidity environment in such a process is an environment where the relative humidity is 85% RH or higher. The period for maintaining the high humidity may be a period (short period) during which a surface skeleton capable of withstanding the hydration reaction is formed. What is necessary is just to hold | maintain for 3 days or more in the environment of relative humidity 85% and room temperature.
続いて、高湿保持した成型品を水中養生（室温）して水和反応させる。水中養生においては、貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の表面に炭酸カルシウムなどからなる緻密な表面被膜が形成されるとともに、固化物内部の水和反応を促進する。かかる水中養生は、養生水を交換することなく行えばよい。 Subsequently, the molded product held at high humidity is hydrated by curing in water (room temperature). In the underwater curing, a dense surface film made of calcium carbonate or the like is formed on the surface of the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product and promotes the hydration reaction inside the solidified product. Such underwater curing may be performed without exchanging the curing water.
勿論、通常のセメント成型品などの水中養生のように養生水を循環して新鮮な水を導入したり、定期的に交換したりしてもよいが、この必要はなく、炭酸塩被膜は養生水を交換しない方がより良好に形成される。 Of course, fresh water may be introduced by circulating the curing water as in the case of underwater curing of ordinary cement molded products, etc., but this is not necessary. It is better formed without exchanging water.
よって、エネルギーをできるだけ使用せず、環境保護を考慮すれば、養生水を交換することなく、常温の養生水で行えばよい。水中養生の期間は炭酸塩被膜が十分に形成されるまでとすればよく、例えば、３日程度行えばよい。 Therefore, if energy is not used as much as possible, and environmental protection is taken into consideration, the curing water at normal temperature may be used without replacing the curing water. What is necessary is just to carry out until the carbonate film is fully formed during the period of underwater curing, for example, may be performed for about 3 days.
水中養生した水中養生物は、大気中で養生（室温）して貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物とする。この大気中での養生は大気中に放置しておけばよく、養生水をゆるやかに乾燥させれば十分である。この大気中での養生により、表面の炭酸塩被膜が完全に完成し、高密度、高強度の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物となる。 Underwater curing is carried out in the air (room temperature) to obtain a shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product. The curing in the atmosphere may be left in the atmosphere, and it is sufficient to gently dry the curing water. By curing in the atmosphere, the carbonate film on the surface is completely completed, and a high-density, high-strength shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product is obtained.
尚、高湿養生に続いて水中養生を行っているが、場合によっては、水中養生を省略することも可能である。 In addition, although underwater curing is performed following a high humidity curing, depending on the case, underwater curing can also be abbreviate | omitted.
以下具体的に説明する。図１には製造フローを示してある。 This will be specifically described below. FIG. 1 shows a manufacturing flow.
参考例１
酸化鉄、酸化カルシウムの含有量が比較的多く、水和反応性の高い石炭灰（組成：ＳｉＯ２：Ａｌ２Ｏ３：Ｆｅ２Ｏ３：ＣａＯ＝５２：２９：９：５）８０質量％、ホタテの貝殻粉末（貝殻細分）５質量％、消石灰１１質量％、脱硫石膏４質量％となるように、原料をミキサーで水を用いて湿式混合し、粘土状の混練物（水分含有量約２０質量％から２５質量％）とし、これを一軸圧成型してペレット状の成型物を得た。
Reference example 1
Coal ash having a relatively high content of iron oxide and calcium oxide and high hydration reactivity (composition: SiO 2 : Al 2 O 3 : Fe 2 O 3 : CaO = 52: 29: 9: 5) 80% by mass , Scallop shell powder (shell subdivision) 5% by weight, slaked lime 11% by weight, desulfurized gypsum 4% by weight, the raw materials were wet-mixed with water using a mixer, and clay-like kneaded material (water content of about 20 mass% to 25 mass%), and this was uniaxially pressure molded to obtain a pellet-shaped molded product.
これを脱型した後、室温、相対湿度８５％ＲＨ以上の高湿環境下に７日間保持し、その後、養生水を交換することなく、７日間水中で養生した。そして、水中養生物を大気中に１４日間放置して乾燥し、参考例１の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を得た。 After demolding, it was kept in a high humidity environment at room temperature and a relative humidity of 85% RH or more for 7 days, and then cured in water for 7 days without replacing the curing water. And the aquatic aquaculture was left to stand in the air for 14 days and dried to obtain the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of Reference Example 1 .
参考例２
石炭灰７０質量％、ホタテの貝殻粉末（貝殻砕粉）１５質量％、消石灰１１質量％、脱硫石膏４質量％となるように、原料をミキサーで水を用いて湿式混合した。その他は参考例１と同様に参考例２の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を得た。
Reference example 2
The raw materials were wet-mixed with a mixer using water so that the coal ash was 70% by mass, the scallop shell powder (shell crushed powder) 15% by mass, slaked lime 11% by mass, and desulfurized gypsum 4% by mass. Other than that, the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of Reference Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Reference Example 1 .
実施例１
石炭灰４３質量％、ホタテの貝殻粉末（貝殻砕粉）４３質量％、消石灰１１質量％、脱硫石膏４質量％となるように、原料をミキサーで水を用いて湿式混合した。その他は参考例１と同様に実施例１の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を得た。
Example 1
The raw materials were wet-mixed with water using a mixer so as to be 43% by mass of coal ash, 43% by mass of scallop shell powder (crushed shell), 11% by mass of slaked lime, and 4% by mass of desulfurized gypsum. Otherwise, the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product of Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 .
実施例２
石炭灰１５質量％、ホタテの貝殻粉末（貝殻砕粉）７０質量％、消石灰１１質量％、脱硫石膏４質量％となるように、原料をミキサーで水を用いて湿式混合した。その他は参考例１と同様に実施例２の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を得た。
Example 2
The raw materials were wet-mixed with water using a mixer so that the coal ash was 15% by mass, the scallop shell powder (crushed shell powder) was 70% by mass, the slaked lime was 11% by mass, and the desulfurized gypsum was 4% by mass. Otherwise, the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 .
実施例３
石炭灰５質量％、ホタテの貝殻粉末（貝殻砕粉）８０質量％、消石灰１１質量％、脱硫石膏４質量％となるように、原料をミキサーで水を用いて湿式混合した。その他は参考例１と同様に実施例３の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を得た。
Example 3
The raw materials were wet-mixed with water using a mixer so that 5% by mass of coal ash, 80% by mass of scallop shell powder (crushed shell), 11% by mass of slaked lime, and 4% by mass of desulfurized gypsum. Otherwise, the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 .
貝殻粉末の含有割合に対する圧縮強度の関係を図２に示してある。 The relationship of the compressive strength to the content ratio of the shell powder is shown in FIG.
貝殻粉末の含有割合が５質量％である参考例１では、約５０N/ｍｍ2の強度を有し、貝殻粉末の含有割合が１５質量％である参考例２では、約５５N/ｍｍ2の強度を有し、貝殻粉末の含有割合が４３質量％である実施例１では、約６５N/ｍｍ2の強度を有していることが確認された。 In Reference Example 1 the content of the shell powder is 5 wt%, has a strength of about 50 N / mm 2, in Reference Example 2 content of shell powder is 15 wt%, from about 55N / mm 2 strength In Example 1 in which the content ratio of the shell powder is 43% by mass, it was confirmed that the shell powder had a strength of about 65 N / mm 2 .
また、貝殻粉末の含有割合が７０質量％である実施例２では、約８０N/ｍｍ2の大きな強度を有し、貝殻粉末の含有割合が８０質量％である実施例３では、約９０N/ｍｍ2の大きな強度を有していることが確認された。 Further, in Example 2 where the content ratio of the shell powder is 70% by mass , the strength is about 80 N / mm 2 and in Example 3 where the content ratio of the shell powder is 80% by mass, about 90 N / mm. It was confirmed to have a large strength of 2 .
更に、図には省略したが、貝殻粉末の含有割合が８５質量％である例では、９０N/ｍｍ2を超える大きな強度を有していることが確認された。ただし、消石灰、脱硫石膏は、固化物中の結合材として不可欠であるため、貝殻粉末の含有割合が８５質量％になると、消石灰、脱硫石膏を減らすことになり、球形の石炭灰による流動性や、球状物の転動効果が得られずに、一軸圧成型からの離型が困難になる虞がある。 Further, although not shown in the figure, it was confirmed that in the example where the content ratio of the shell powder is 85% by mass, the shell powder has a large strength exceeding 90 N / mm 2 . However, since slaked lime and desulfurized gypsum are indispensable as a binder in the solidified product, when the content ratio of the shell powder reaches 85% by mass, the amount of slaked lime and desulfurized gypsum will be reduced, and the flowability due to spherical coal ash will be reduced. In addition, the rolling effect of the spherical object cannot be obtained, and there is a possibility that it is difficult to release from the uniaxial pressure molding.
上述したように、貝殻粉末の含有割合を５質量％から８５質量％にすることで、軽量骨材として必要とされる強度である５０N/ｍｍ2以上の強度が得られる。つまり、貝殻粉末の含有割合を５質量％から８５質量％にすることで、貝殻粉末の含有割合を広い範囲に設定することができ、約５０N/ｍｍ2からで約９０N/ｍｍ2の強度を有する貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物を得ることができ、例えば、骨材として利用できる十分な強度を有することが確認できた。 As described above, when the content ratio of the shell powder is changed from 5% by mass to 85% by mass, a strength of 50 N / mm 2 or more, which is a strength required as a lightweight aggregate, can be obtained. In other words, by the 85 wt% the content of the shell powder from 5 wt%, it is possible to set the content of the shell powder in a wide range, a strength of about 90 N / mm 2 from about 50 N / mm 2 The shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product can be obtained, and, for example, it has been confirmed that it has sufficient strength that can be used as an aggregate.
各参考例、各実施例の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の細孔空隙率、及び、かさ密度の状況を図３に示してある。 FIG. 3 shows the pore porosity and bulk density of the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of each reference example and each example.
参考例１の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の細孔空隙率は２５（％）であり、参考例２の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の細孔空隙率は２５（％）であり、実施例１の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の細孔空隙率は２２（％）であることが確認できた。 Reference pore porosity of the shell powder containing coal ash solid of Example 1 is 25 (%), the pore porosity of the shell powder containing coal ash solid of Example 2 was 25 (%), Example It was confirmed that the pore porosity of 1 shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product was 22 (%).
また、実施例２の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の細孔空隙率は２１（％）であり、実施例３の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の細孔空隙率は１７（％）であることが確認できた。 Further, the porosity of the shell ash-containing coal ash solid product of Example 2 is 21 (%), and the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of Example 3 is 17 (%). Was confirmed.
参考例１の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物のかさ密度は１.８（ｇ/ｃｍ3）であり、参考例２の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物のかさ密度は１.９（ｇ/ｃｍ3）であり、実施例１の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物のかさ密度は１.９（ｇ/ｃｍ3）であることが確認できた。 The bulk density of the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product of Reference Example 1 is 1.8 (g / cm 3 ), and the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of Reference Example 2 is 1.9 (g / cm 3). It was confirmed that the bulk density of the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product of Example 1 was 1.9 (g / cm 3 ).
また、実施例２の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物のかさ密度は２.０（ｇ/ｃｍ3）であり、実施例３の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物のかさ密度は２.２（ｇ/ｃｍ3）であることが確認できた。 Further, the bulk density of the shell ash-containing coal ash solid product of Example 2 is 2.0 (g / cm 3 ), and the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product of Example 3 is 2.2 (g / cm 2 ). cm 3 ).
上述したように、貝殻粉末の含有割合を５質量％から８５質量％にすることで、貝殻粉末の含有割合を広い範囲に設定することができ、緻密でかつ高強度な多孔体となり、例えば、骨材として利用できることが確認できた。 As described above, by making the content ratio of the shell powder from 5% by mass to 85% by mass, the content ratio of the shell powder can be set in a wide range, and becomes a dense and high-strength porous body, for example, It was confirmed that it could be used as an aggregate.
貝殻粉末の含有割合を５質量％から８５質量％にした貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の溶出液のｐＨは、石炭灰の原粉のｐＨに比べて低い値を示していることが確認されている。このため、アルカリの溶出に対して影響を及ぼすことなく、高密度、高強度の貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物が得られていることがわかる。 It has been confirmed that the pH of the eluate of the shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product in which the content ratio of the shell powder is 5% to 85% by weight is lower than the pH of the coal ash raw powder. Yes. For this reason, it turns out that the high density and high intensity | strength shell powder containing coal ash solidified material is obtained, without affecting the elution of an alkali.
本発明は、貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物の産業分野で利用することができる。 The present invention can be utilized in the industrial field of shell powder-containing coal ash solidified products.
Claims (3)
前記貝殻粉末の割合が４３質量％から８０質量％である
ことを特徴とする貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物。 In the coal ash solidified material containing shell ash, unfired shell powder, and shell powder containing hydrated kneaded materials containing limes,
The shell powder-containing coal ash solidified product, wherein the ratio of the shell powder is 43 mass% to 80 mass% .
前記石炭灰の割合が５質量％から４３質量％である
ことを特徴とする貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物。 In the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product according to claim 1,
A shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product, characterized in that the proportion of the coal ash is 5% by mass to 43% by mass .
前記石灰類の割合が１１質量％である
ことを特徴とする貝殻粉末含有石炭灰固化物。 In the shell ash-containing coal ash solidified product according to claim 2,
The ratio of the limes is 11% by mass .
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