TWI552562B - 將視訊／音訊裝置轉換於來源模式與接收模式之間的方法、設備及系統 - Google Patents

將視訊／音訊裝置轉換於來源模式與接收模式之間的方法、設備及系統 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI552562B
TWI552562B TW101111500A TW101111500A TWI552562B TW I552562 B TWI552562 B TW I552562B TW 101111500 A TW101111500 A TW 101111500A TW 101111500 A TW101111500 A TW 101111500A TW I552562 B TWI552562 B TW I552562B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
audio
video
connector
visual
mode
Prior art date
Application number
TW101111500A
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
TW201308964A (zh
Inventor
康洛德 阿洛 麥斯威爾
藍斯 戴維斯
葛萊曼Ｐ 瓊斯
葛倫Ｌ 馬克思
豪克 強納森 洛加拉度
克里森 魯道
Original Assignee
萊迪思半導體公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=46932374&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=TWI552562(B) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by 萊迪思半導體公司 filed Critical 萊迪思半導體公司
Publication of TW201308964A publication Critical patent/TW201308964A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI552562B publication Critical patent/TWI552562B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/436—Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
    • H04N21/4363—Adapting the video stream to a specific local network, e.g. a Bluetooth® network
    • H04N21/43632—Adapting the video stream to a specific local network, e.g. a Bluetooth® network involving a wired protocol, e.g. IEEE 1394
    • H04N21/43635—HDMI
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/14—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/003—Details of a display terminal, the details relating to the control arrangement of the display terminal and to the interfaces thereto
    • G09G5/006—Details of the interface to the display terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/10—Current supply arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/12—Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L12/2823—Reporting information sensed by appliance or service execution status of appliance services in a home automation network
    • H04L12/2827—Reporting to a device within the home network; wherein the reception of the information reported automatically triggers the execution of a home appliance functionality
    • H04L12/2829—Reporting to a device within the home network; wherein the reception of the information reported automatically triggers the execution of a home appliance functionality involving user profiles according to which the execution of a home appliance functionality is automatically triggered
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
    • H04N21/44227—Monitoring of local network, e.g. connection or bandwidth variations; Detecting new devices in the local network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/765—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
    • H04N5/775—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television receiver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2370/00—Aspects of data communication
    • G09G2370/12—Use of DVI or HDMI protocol in interfaces along the display data pipeline
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2370/00—Aspects of data communication
    • G09G2370/22—Detection of presence or absence of input display information or of connection or disconnection of a corresponding information source
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L2012/2847—Home automation networks characterised by the type of home appliance used
    • H04L2012/2849—Audio/video appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/50—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
TW101111500A 2011-03-31 2012-03-30 將視訊／音訊裝置轉換於來源模式與接收模式之間的方法、設備及系統 TWI552562B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161470431P 2011-03-31 2011-03-31
US13/434,273 US9232265B2 (en) 2011-03-31 2012-03-29 Method, apparatus and system for transitioning an audio/video device between a source mode and a sink mode

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW201308964A TW201308964A (zh) 2013-02-16
TWI552562B true TWI552562B (zh) 2016-10-01

Family

ID=46932374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW101111500A TWI552562B (zh) 2011-03-31 2012-03-30 將視訊／音訊裝置轉換於來源模式與接收模式之間的方法、設備及系統

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9232265B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP2692118B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2014509821A (enExample)
KR (1) KR101811602B1 (enExample)
CN (1) CN103563334B (enExample)
TW (1) TWI552562B (enExample)
WO (1) WO2012135626A2 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11769398B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2023-09-26 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for widget-assisted setup of a universal remote control
US7907222B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2011-03-15 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for simplified setup of a universal remote control
US9852615B2 (en) 2011-03-25 2017-12-26 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for facilitating appliance control via a smart device
US9019435B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2015-04-28 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for configuring controlling device functionality
US11295603B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2022-04-05 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for optimized appliance control
US10937308B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2021-03-02 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for optimized appliance control
US10593195B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2020-03-17 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for optimized appliance control
US11756412B2 (en) 2011-10-28 2023-09-12 Universal Electronics Inc. Systems and methods for associating services and/or devices with a voice assistant
US9449500B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2016-09-20 Universal Electronics Inc. System and method for optimized appliance control
US20130241717A1 (en) * 2012-03-14 2013-09-19 Chin-Min Chou Mobile high-definition link with built-in power supply
KR102005390B1 (ko) * 2012-10-31 2019-07-30 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 리셋제어부를 포함하는 표시장치 및 그 구동방법
CN104103924B (zh) 2013-04-02 2017-04-26 华为终端有限公司 高清晰多媒体接口hdmi接口单元及多媒体终端
EP3008720A1 (en) * 2013-06-13 2016-04-20 Google, Inc. Methods, systems, and media for managing output of an hdmi source
TWI684364B (zh) 2013-06-21 2020-02-01 日商新力股份有限公司 送訊裝置、高動態範圍影像資料送訊方法、收訊裝置、高動態範圍影像資料收訊方法及程式
TWI496134B (zh) * 2013-07-22 2015-08-11 精英電腦股份有限公司 整合式計算機、計算機系統及用於該整合式計算機之輸出輸入信號自動偵測方法
US20150067195A1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 Manish Sharma Hdmi source and sink device over single hdmi connector
TWI505700B (zh) * 2014-01-22 2015-10-21 Realtek Semiconductor Corp 可插拔電子裝置及決定可插拔電子裝置所輸出之資料的方法
US20170064389A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2017-03-02 Sony Corporation Transmission apparatus, transmission method, reception apparatus, and reception method
US9215491B1 (en) * 2014-07-10 2015-12-15 Google Inc. Methods, systems, and media for controlling a bi-directional HDMI port
US10565153B2 (en) * 2014-11-18 2020-02-18 Caavo Inc Auto detection and adaptive configuration of HDMI ports
EP3222046A1 (en) 2014-11-18 2017-09-27 Caavo, Inc. Seamless setup and control for home entertainment devices and content
CN105676986B (zh) * 2014-11-20 2019-01-22 鸿富锦精密工业(武汉)有限公司 电子设备接口切换系统
US9535117B2 (en) * 2015-03-06 2017-01-03 Intel Corporation System debug using an all-in-one connector
CN106155849A (zh) * 2015-04-17 2016-11-23 鸿富锦精密工业(武汉)有限公司 侦测系统及其侦测装置
JP6783524B2 (ja) 2016-01-29 2020-11-11 キヤノン株式会社 通信装置、制御方法、および、プログラム
KR20180067108A (ko) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-20 삼성전자주식회사 외부 전자 장치의 상태를 ui에 나타내는 디스플레이 장치 및 디스플레이 장치의 제어 방법
US10701284B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2020-06-30 Caavo Inc Determining state signatures for consumer electronic devices coupled to an audio/video switch
TWI604433B (zh) * 2017-04-20 2017-11-01 緯創資通股份有限公司 用於電視系統之同步控制裝置及其方法
US10462417B2 (en) * 2017-08-31 2019-10-29 Apple Inc. Methods and apparatus for reducing electromagnetic interference resultant from data transmission over a high-speed audio/visual interface
US11356636B2 (en) 2018-01-19 2022-06-07 Caavo Inc Device identification and power state determination using media device information
JP7542944B2 (ja) * 2019-12-27 2024-09-02 株式会社コロプラ ゲームプログラム、ゲーム方法及びゲームシステム
WO2022149623A1 (ko) * 2021-01-05 2022-07-14 엘지전자 주식회사 디스플레이 장치
CN113612954B (zh) * 2021-07-14 2022-05-13 长芯盛（武汉）科技有限公司 一种支持远距离传输的高清视频信号线
KR102620897B1 (ko) * 2021-11-10 2024-01-04 (주) 브라이튼코퍼레이션 Hdmi 양방향제어회로 및 이를 구비하는 전자기기

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090083825A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-26 Analog Devices, Inc. Activation systems and methods to initiate HDMI communication with mobile sources
US20090174817A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-07-09 Sony Espana S.A. Display device, program information display method in display device, receiving device, and signal transmission method in receiving device
US20100131782A1 (en) * 2008-11-25 2010-05-27 Sony Corporation Information processing apparatus, method, and program
US7889201B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-02-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Information processing apparatus
US7995043B2 (en) * 2004-10-18 2011-08-09 Tamiras Per Pte. Ltd., Llc Arbitration for acquisition of extended display identification data (EDID)

Family Cites Families (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6618773B1 (en) * 2000-01-25 2003-09-09 Dell Usa L.P. Receiving a particular identification file among an analog identification file and a digital identification file in response to a request to a dual-interface monitor
US6760772B2 (en) * 2000-12-15 2004-07-06 Qualcomm, Inc. Generating and implementing a communication protocol and interface for high data rate signal transfer
US7911475B2 (en) * 2004-10-18 2011-03-22 Genesis Microchip Inc. Virtual extended display information data (EDID) in a flat panel controller
KR100722855B1 (ko) * 2005-09-06 2007-05-30 삼성전자주식회사 미디어 수신장치와 이를 포함하는 미디어 시스템 및 그제어방법
US20070263669A1 (en) * 2006-04-05 2007-11-15 Trilithic, Inc. Networkable decoder
JP4814803B2 (ja) * 2007-01-12 2011-11-16 富士通株式会社 コンピュータと家電によるリモコン信号を用いた双方向制御装置
JP4343967B2 (ja) * 2007-02-28 2009-10-14 キヤノン株式会社 通信装置、及びその制御方法
JP2008219796A (ja) * 2007-03-07 2008-09-18 Funai Electric Co Ltd データ再生装置と送信器
JP5029121B2 (ja) * 2007-04-25 2012-09-19 ソニー株式会社 データ受信装置、データ送信装置、および情報処理方法、並びにコンピュータ・プログラム
JP2009003882A (ja) * 2007-06-25 2009-01-08 Toshiba Corp データ受信装置及びデータ送受信方法
US7817586B2 (en) * 2007-08-16 2010-10-19 Mediatek Inc. High-speed digital interface transceiver and method of supplying bi-directional communication process on high-speed digital interface device
JP2009060204A (ja) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-19 Panasonic Corp ソース／シンク兼用機器
JP4618291B2 (ja) * 2007-11-30 2011-01-26 ソニー株式会社 送信装置、受信装置および受信装置における操作情報送信方法
JP5159489B2 (ja) * 2008-07-18 2013-03-06 キヤノン株式会社 通信装置
JP4821824B2 (ja) * 2008-09-19 2011-11-24 ソニー株式会社 画像表示装置、コネクタ表示方法、伝送路状態検出装置、伝送路状態検出方法および半導体集積回路
US8275914B2 (en) * 2008-10-16 2012-09-25 Silicon Image, Inc. Discovery of connections utilizing a control bus
US8019906B2 (en) * 2009-02-04 2011-09-13 Via Technologies, Inc. Dual mode displayport (DP) and high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) transmitter configured to transmit video and/or audio signals in DP or HDMI according to mode signal
CN101989246A (zh) * 2009-07-29 2011-03-23 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 可自动切换usb主从设备模式的电子装置
JP5573361B2 (ja) * 2010-05-25 2014-08-20 ソニー株式会社 送信装置、受信装置、送信方法、受信方法、及び送受信装置
US8484387B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2013-07-09 Silicon Image, Inc. Detection of cable connections for electronic devices
US8683087B2 (en) * 2011-04-11 2014-03-25 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation Mobile device auto detection apparatus and method
JP2013090222A (ja) * 2011-10-20 2013-05-13 Onkyo Corp リピーター機器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7995043B2 (en) * 2004-10-18 2011-08-09 Tamiras Per Pte. Ltd., Llc Arbitration for acquisition of extended display identification data (EDID)
US20090083825A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-26 Analog Devices, Inc. Activation systems and methods to initiate HDMI communication with mobile sources
US20090174817A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-07-09 Sony Espana S.A. Display device, program information display method in display device, receiving device, and signal transmission method in receiving device
US7889201B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2011-02-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Information processing apparatus
US20100131782A1 (en) * 2008-11-25 2010-05-27 Sony Corporation Information processing apparatus, method, and program

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101811602B1 (ko) 2017-12-22
US9232265B2 (en) 2016-01-05
WO2012135626A2 (en) 2012-10-04
EP2692118A2 (en) 2014-02-05
WO2012135626A8 (en) 2013-11-07
EP2692118B1 (en) 2019-05-08
EP2692118A4 (en) 2014-09-10
KR20140018325A (ko) 2014-02-12
WO2012135626A3 (en) 2013-03-14
US20120274857A1 (en) 2012-11-01
TW201308964A (zh) 2013-02-16
CN103563334B (zh) 2016-12-21
CN103563334A (zh) 2014-02-05
JP2014509821A (ja) 2014-04-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TW201308964A (zh) 將視訊／音訊裝置轉換於來源模式與接收模式之間的方法、設備及系統
EP2238530B1 (en) Discovery of electronic devices utilizing a control bus
US10216683B2 (en) Multimedia communication apparatus and control method for multimedia data transmission over standard cable
US20130219087A1 (en) High-definition multimedia interface (hdmi) receiver apparatuses, hdmi systems using the same, and control methods therefor
EP2534496B1 (en) Determination of physical connectivity status of devices based on electrical measurement
US10963027B2 (en) Methods and apparatus for safe negotiation of high current for active cable assemblies
US8176228B2 (en) Quick port-switching method and associated apparatus
JPWO2018116399A1 (ja) 映像表示機器、映像表示機器の接続方法及びマルチ表示システム
TWI707236B (zh) 模式切換系統及應用其之模式切換方法
WO2014049686A1 (ja) Ｈｄｍｉ装置、通信システムおよびホットプラグ制御方法
WO2017071285A1 (zh) 移动终端的控制方法和装置
CN107229579A (zh) Usb接口的usb模式和mhl模式的兼容方法和装置
US20150067195A1 (en) Hdmi source and sink device over single hdmi connector
WO2018130129A1 (zh) 共地检测电路及其检测方法
US12238368B2 (en) Sink device, digital system and method of controlling CEC communication
CN103365422B (zh) 数字/模拟视讯切换装置及方法与键盘/屏幕/鼠标切换装置及方法
US12563177B2 (en) Electronic device and operating method therof
CN115733941B (zh) 接口电路、接口切换方法、显示设备及数据传输系统
CN111858420A (zh) Usb集线器的资源切换系统
WO2022159106A1 (en) Video link repair
KR20070033856A (ko) 디스플레이 장치의 입력신호 판별장치 및 방법