TWI528753B - 裝置定向能力交換信令以及回應裝置定向的多媒體內容之伺服器調適 - Google Patents

裝置定向能力交換信令以及回應裝置定向的多媒體內容之伺服器調適 Download PDF

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TWI528753B
TWI528753B TW102127970A TW102127970A TWI528753B TW I528753 B TWI528753 B TW I528753B TW 102127970 A TW102127970 A TW 102127970A TW 102127970 A TW102127970 A TW 102127970A TW I528753 B TWI528753 B TW I528753B
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orientation
server
video
pss
file
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TW102127970A
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TW201419792A (zh
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奧日格 歐伊曼
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英特爾股份有限公司
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Description

裝置定向能力交換信令以及回應裝置定向的多媒體內容之伺服器調適 相關申請案
本專利申請案在35 U.S.C.§ 119(e)的規定下，主張於2012年8月3日提出申請的美國臨時專利申請案號61/679,627(代理人案號P46630Z)的優先權之權益，本申請案在此藉由提及而將該專利申請案完整併入本案；且主張於2012年10月26日提出申請的美國臨時專利申請案號61/719,241(代理人案號P50328Z)的優先權之權益，本申請案在此藉由提及而將該專利申請案完整併入本案。
本發明係關於裝置定向能力交換信令以及回應裝置定向的多媒體內容之伺服器調適。
其中包括串流及交談式服務(conversational service)的多媒體服務之成長帶動了改良式行動寬頻技術及標準。由 於消費者對多媒體服務的高需求再加上媒體壓縮及無線網路基礎建設的發展，因而提供了增強細胞式及行動寬頻系統的多媒體服務能力之機會。通常藉由將高體驗品質(Quality of Experience；簡稱QoE)提供給消費者，且保證能夠自任何位置於任何時間以任何裝置類型及技術而無所不在地存取視訊內容及服務，而增強該等服務能力。為了能夠在高QoE下以一種無所不在的方式提供多媒體內容，一些技術及標準將支援各種行動裝置，且提供針對各種裝置類別及能力而制定的媒體處置程序及對話管理協定(session management protocol)。
行動裝置經常包含一定向感測器(orientation sensor)，用以指示該裝置與諸如引力(gravitation pull)或其他定向基準等的一基準有關的定向。在這些裝置上執行的應用軟體已將該裝置定向資訊用來決定裝置定向模式或狀態，且根據所偵測到的定向模式而調整裝置功能。例如，行動裝置應用軟體經常根據所偵測到的該裝置之定向模式而一使用者介面顯示器上顯示的視訊內容旋轉成直向模式(portrait mode)或橫向模式(landscape mode)。因此，被用來顯示即時視訊通訊內容的行動裝置通常依賴定向感測器，而根據被偵測到的裝置定向模式且以獨立於提供該內容的伺服器之方式，決定是否要旋轉且對準被接收的內容以供顯示。
能力交換信令(或簡稱能力信令)使多媒體內容伺服器能夠將針對要求該內容的特定用戶端行動裝置(被稱為用 戶設備(User Equipment；或簡稱UE))而調適的內容提供給範圍廣泛的裝置。能力信令是一種可採用其中包括第三代行動通訊合作計劃(Third Generation Partnership Project；3GPP)封包交換式串流服務(Packet Switched Streaming Service；PSS)服務、超文件傳輸協定上的動態適應性串流(Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP；DASH)、以及基於整合式多媒體子系統(Integrated Multimedia Subsystem；IMS)的PSS及多媒體廣播暨群播服務(Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service；MBMS)(簡稱為IMS_PSS_MBMS)的一或多種串流服務標準類型之伺服器的標準化功能。例如，在3GPP TS 26.234 "Transparent end-to-end packet switched streaming service(PSS)；Protocols and codecs”；3GPP TS 26.247,"Transparent end-to-end packet switched streaming service(PSS)；Progressive download and dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP(3GP-DASH)"、以及3GPP TS 26.237,"IP Multimedia Subsystem(IMS)based Packet Switch Streaming(PSS)and Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service(MBMS)User Service；Protocols"中將能力信令標準化。
100‧‧‧能力交換信令系統
110‧‧‧行動終端
112‧‧‧封包交換式串流服務伺服器
130‧‧‧裝置設定檔伺服器
135‧‧‧裝置能力設定檔
160‧‧‧網路環境
168‧‧‧無線電存取網路
172‧‧‧增強型節點基地台
200‧‧‧元資料資訊
210‧‧‧組件元資料欄位
310,510‧‧‧網站伺服器
330,530‧‧‧裝置能力信令
320,520‧‧‧用戶端
340‧‧‧媒體呈現描述
400‧‧‧適應性串流網路
414‧‧‧網站/媒體伺服器
416‧‧‧音訊/視訊輸入
424‧‧‧媒體編碼器
426‧‧‧媒體分段器
418‧‧‧網站瀏覽器
420‧‧‧媒體解碼器/播放器
610‧‧‧用戶設備
620‧‧‧網際網路通訊協定多媒體核心網路子系統
630‧‧‧服務發現功能
640‧‧‧對話啟動協定訂用訊息
650‧‧‧對話啟動協定通知訊息
700‧‧‧資訊處置系統
710,712‧‧‧處理器
714‧‧‧記憶體橋接器
716,718‧‧‧記憶體
720‧‧‧圖形系統
722‧‧‧輸入/輸出橋接器
724‧‧‧輸入/輸出系統
726‧‧‧匯流排系統
728‧‧‧硬碟機控制器系統
730‧‧‧交換器
732‧‧‧射頻收發器
734‧‧‧天線
810‧‧‧外殼
812‧‧‧顯示器
814‧‧‧觸控式螢幕
816‧‧‧手指
818‧‧‧觸控筆
820‧‧‧實體致動器區
822‧‧‧擴充槽
823‧‧‧喇叭
824‧‧‧麥克風
828‧‧‧耳機或喇叭插孔
830‧‧‧攝影機
840‧‧‧定向感測器
第1圖是根據一實施例而執行能力交換信令的PSS組件之一方塊圖。
第2圖是顯示根據一實施例而用於PSS及IMS_PSS_MBMS串流服務的一裝置能力設定檔的資源描述框架(Resource Description Framework；RDF)記法之一圖。
第3圖是根據一實施例而用於根據裝置定向調適的DASH式串流多媒體內容的一DASH用戶端裝置及一伺服器之一高階方塊圖。
第4圖是詳細示出第3圖的DASH用戶端及伺服器之一方塊圖。
第5圖是根據一實施例而用於根據裝置定向調適的即時串流協定(Real-Time Streaming Protocol；RTSP)式串流多媒體內容的一RTSP用戶端裝置及一伺服器之一高階方塊圖。
第6圖是顯示根據一實施例而在一IMS_PSS_MBMS串流服務中使用訂用及通知訊息的對話啟動協定(SIP)式服務發現之一訊息流控制圖。
第7圖是根據一實施例而實施能力信令及多媒體調適的一資訊處置系統之一方塊圖。
第8圖是根據一行動平板電腦實施例的第7圖的一資訊處置系統之一等角視圖。
【發明內容及實施方式】
本發明之揭示說明了能力交換信令技術，該等能力交換信令技術將來自UE的定向感測器資訊提供給網路伺服 器。根據某些實施例，該定向感測器資訊描述了一裝置對定向感測器能力的支援、或該裝置的現行定向狀態。例如，一多媒體內容伺服器取得一用戶端UE包含一定向感測器之資訊。該伺服器根據該資訊而將多媒體內容之不同的編碼版本提供給該裝置支援之不同的裝置定向模式。該伺服器亦可動態且即時地適應媒體擷取或轉碼參數，以便針對該裝置的現行定向模式或該裝置的各種中間定向狀態及空間位置而產生調適的內容(亦即，最佳化的內容)。這些技術將適應網路端的內容且促進較佳的用戶端體驗之機會提供給伺服器。
本發明揭示中所述的該等技術可被用於二維(Two-Dimensional；2D)及三維(Three-Dimensional；3D)視訊應用、以及接受基於UE定向感測器資訊的UE控制輸入之其他網路服務。例如，在2D視訊內容之情形中，直向及橫向視訊視角(view angle)(或兩者之間的中間視角)可被該伺服器用來產生或識別已被編碼而供在被支援的視角下顯示之特定視訊內容串流。對於3D視訊內容而言，相對於一基準(諸如引力)之不同的視角、或該裝置的空間位置之改變提供了可被用來根據裝置定向而調整(例如，轉碼或控制視訊擷取攝影機設備)內容之定向資訊。
第1圖示出用於PSS的一能力交換信令系統100之一例子。一行動終端110(或UE 110)藉由在一HTTP要求中包含一機型及製造商、用來找出裝置能力設定檔的一網址(URL)、或其他識別資訊，而向一PSS伺服器112描述 115其身分。伺服器112然後向一裝置設定檔伺服器130要求125一對應的裝置能力設定檔，其中該裝置設定檔伺服器130儲存了分別列出一特定行動終端類型的能力之一些裝置能力設定檔135。伺服器112接收140該對應的設定檔，且根據自用來指示所支援的定向模式之該裝置能力設定檔取得的資訊而匹配145為該裝置110調適的多媒體內容。然後使用諸如超文件傳輸協定(HTTP)或即時串流協定(RTSP)等的一串流協定將所選擇的多媒體內容串流150到該裝置110。
在一串流對話的設置期間，伺服器112使用該裝置能力設定檔中之資訊將相容的多媒體內容提供給行動終端110。因此，伺服器112也被稱為遠端多媒體內容伺服器112、媒體伺服器112、或網站伺服器112等。換言之，伺服器112經由一網路取得用來描述一行動終端的能力之資訊，且伺服器112將該資訊用來決定將供應給連接的終端之媒體內容串流。例如，伺服器112可比較該行動終端的播放能力及功能，以識別一媒體流的與該連接的終端相容之多個可用版本。終端110然後可要求一被識別的串流。在某些實施例中，伺服器將該裝置能力設定檔用來選擇或產生一對話描述協定(Session Description Protocol；SDP)檔案(在PSS或IMS_PSS_MBMS的環境中)或媒體呈現描述(Media Presentation Description；簡稱MPD)元資料檔案(在DASH的環境中)，用以識別為連接的終端110之能力而調適的串流。
第1圖也根據各實施例而示意地示出一網路環境160。網路環境160包含被以無線方式耦合到一無線電存取網路(Radio Access Network；RAN)168之UE 110。RAN 168包含被配置成經由一無線(Over-The-Air；OTA)介面而與UE 110通訊之一增強型節點基地台(enhanced Node Base；eNB)172。RAN 168可以是一第三代行動通訊合作計劃(3GPP)長程演進(Long Term Evolution；LTE)先進式網路的一部分，且可被稱為EUTRAN。在其他實施例中，可利用其他的無線電存取網路技術。
UE 110可經由RAN 168與遠端媒體伺服器112通訊。雖然圖中示出eNB 172經由RAN 168而與各網路實體直接通訊，但是我們應可了解：在各實施例中，該等通訊可流經一些諸如交換器、路由器、閘道器、或其他網路裝置等的中間網路組件。例如，在某些實施例中，RAN 168可被耦合到一核心服務網路(Core Service Network；簡稱CSN)，該CSN將RAN 168在通訊上耦合到媒體伺服器112可被視為其一部分的一較大網路(例如，一廣域網路)。
雖然第1圖將該網路環境描述為一無線通訊網路，但是其他實施例可被用於諸如有線網路等的其他類型之網路。我們應可了解：可採用本發明的實施例之其他網路環境可包括與第1圖的例子中明確示出之那些組件相比時額外的、較少的、或不同的組件。例如，有線網路中採用的本發明之實施例可具有相互通訊的媒體伺服器112及 UE100，而不需要RAN 168。
第2圖示出針對PSS及IMS_PSS_MBMS服務而被包含在一裝置能力設定檔中之元資料資訊200的一例子。裝置能力設定檔是一種包含以根據RDF模式(RDF schema)而格式化的可延伸標示語言(extensible markup language)中的元資料資訊之電子文件檔案，如同在World Wide Web Consortium(W3C)Recommendation："RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0：RDF Schema",http：//www.w3.org/TR/2004/RECrdf-schema-20040210/,February 2004中被指定。該裝置能力設定檔RDF文件遵循複合能力/偏好設定檔(Composite Capabilities/Preference Profiles：簡稱CC/PP)之結構，CC/PP是W3C Recommendation："Composite Capability/Preference Profiles(CC/PP)：Structure and Vocabularies 1.0",http：//www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-CCPP-struct-vocab-20040115/,January,2004中指定的一種RDF詞彙延伸。在某些實施例中，該裝置能力設定檔是一種用戶代理設定檔(User Agent Profile；簡稱UAProf)，UAProf是與特定無線裝置的能力及偏好資訊的描述有關之CC/PP應用。換言之，Open Mobile Alliance："User Agent Profile Version 2.0",February 2006中指定之UAProfs包含具有被用來指定UE能力及偏好的值之屬性的詞彙。
第2圖示出一組屬性名稱、允許值、及語意。如前文所述，根據本發明所述的某些實施例，內容提供者(例 如，伺服器112)可將該資訊用來產生或提供針對用戶端裝置而適當格式化之內容。例如，[TerminalHardware]組件元資料欄位210指示UE 110能夠以每一像素的四個位元230顯示彩色內容220，且支援適應性串流240。上述TS 26.234標準中指定的在裝置能力信令期間(未示出)之其他相關屬性可包括(但不限於)下列參數：預先解碼器(pre-decoder)緩衝器大小；初始緩衝期間；解碼器能力；諸如螢幕大小、解析度、位元深度、或其他特性等的顯示器特性；對其中包括RTSP、HTTP、或其他串流方法的串流方法之調適支援；QoE支援；對延伸即時傳輸協定控制協定((Real-time Transport Protocol；RTP)Control Protocol；簡稱RTCP)之報告支援；快速內容切換支援；以及所支援的RTP設定檔及對話描述協定(SDP)屬性。
一PSS或IMS_PSS_MBMS伺服器取得該行動終端的特定能力之描述(亦即，裝置能力描述)。針對PSS及IMS_PSS_MBMS服務剖析定向能力而實質上重複使用該UAProf詞彙，且界定額外的特定服務詞彙，以便促進伺服器端的串流內容協商。在某些實施例中，該PSS詞彙包括用於"定向"及"內定定向"之裝置能力交換信令屬性。下表1及2示出TS 26.234中指定的PSS基本詞彙的"[PssCommon]"組件元資料欄位250(第2圖)中包含的"定向"及"內定定向"屬性之各別例子。
在某些實施例中，界定了用於擷取及繪製/顯示之內定及現行定向能力。例如，為PSS詞彙的PssCommon組件界定的四個屬性為：用戶端支援的用於擷取及顯示之不同裝置定向模式之兩個屬性列表；以及兩個其他屬性將內定裝置定向之資訊提供給擷取及顯示。當一定向感測器被停用或不存在時，可使用該內定裝置定向。這四個屬性之 例示語法係如下文所示：
在某些實施例中，可使該組定向模式亦可包括能夠根據該裝置的定向改變而在中間角度(例如，各90度定向模式間之角度)下旋轉所顯示的影像之一些進一步的模式。例如，前文中界定的OrientationModesCapture及OrientationModesDisplay屬性亦可包括以一種粒度的方式界定中間定向位置角度的一些額外的合法值。因此，兩個額外的屬性可被用來將裝置定向感測器的能力特徵化，且促進該裝置在擷取或在繪製/顯示期間對符合裝置感測器 可偵測到定向改變的角粒度的定向之感知。下文中示出這些屬性的例子：
在表7及8的這些例子中，假定可偵測到定向改變的最高可能之角粒度是11.25度，因而該屬性值限於代表各90度定向模式間之(例如，橫向與直向之間)八個中間位置的1與8間之整數值。然而，在其他實施例中，更先進的定向感測器能力可啟用較多或較少的粒度級。因此，表7 及8的該等屬性亦可包括比前文中指定的八個值多(或少)的最大合法中間值數目。
在某些實施例中，表7及8的屬性被合併而將該裝置對擷取及繪製/顯示的定向感知特徵化。例如，可將該屬性界定如下：
在另一實施例中，可界定用來識別該終端上的擷取攝影機的數目之一屬性，該數目通常大於指示該裝置有一前向及一後向攝影機的值，因而可有利於定向感知的調適。通常有兩個攝影機被包含在一終端上，但是在下文之實施例中，將假定攝影機的最大數目為4。其他的例子也是可能的。
在另一實施例中，可界定用來指示該裝置是否支援水平鏡像(horizontal mirroring)(亦即，影像在旋轉之後的水平翻轉(horizontal flipping))之一屬性。該屬性可被用於可因影像感測器組態而擷取水平鏡像的影像之某些裝置。因此，當一伺服器(根據下文中建議的能力交換信令)得知接收用戶端支援水平鏡像時，該伺服器可提供用來補償該鏡像之媒體。該水平鏡像屬性可包括下列的語法：
請再參閱第1圖，裝置設定檔伺服器130回應一HTTP要求125訊息而將裝置能力設定檔提供給PSS伺服器112。在某些實施例中，行動終端110可以一些額外的屬性補充伺服器130提供的身分信令，或置換其內定裝置能力設定檔中界定的屬性。該額外的資訊交換被表示為設定檔差異(ProfDiff)交換信令，該ProfDiff交換信令暫時容許調整該裝置能力設定檔之屬性。在一例子中，例如，如果用戶即使在該終端能夠處理且產生立體聲的情況下，也針對一特定對話而想要接收單音聲，則可以用戶偏好觸發此種暫時性調整。
在某些實施例中，終端製造商或軟體供應商維護裝置設定檔伺服器130，且以其UE產品之裝置能力設定檔更新設定檔135。在其他實施例中，專屬的操作員為其用戶管理裝置設定檔伺服器130，且讓用戶能夠對設定檔135進行特定用戶更新。在某些實施例中，亦可在與多媒體內容伺服器112共用的伺服器硬體上裝載裝置設定檔伺服器130。
一種基於終端的定向感測器能力的裝置能力交換信令之多媒體調適方法包含兩個組成部分。第一，用戶端裝置以用來指示該用戶端是否有定向感測器且支援哪些定向模式(例如，直向、橫向、橫向倒置、或其他中間狀態)之資訊通知該伺服器(表1)。此外，該用戶端裝置亦可以一ProfDiff交換信令通知現行裝置定向，而暫時置換DefaultOrientation(表2)屬性。第二，該伺服器考慮來自 該用戶端裝置的定向感測器支援信號，且以最適於不同的可能裝置定向模式(更一般性地被稱為定向狀態、視角，或簡稱為定向)之格式提供內容之不同的編碼版本。此外，如果該伺服器也控制內容製作/準備之擷取程序，則該伺服器可指示攝影機單元擷取且壓縮最適於不同的可能裝置定向之相同內容的多個拷貝。例如，串流一足球比賽的一用戶可改變UE 110的位置，而指示一攝影機應放大且隔離足球場上的一特定足球運動員。該伺服器亦可動態地即時執行轉碼，以便使內容與現行裝置定向匹配。
上述基於裝置定向之多媒體調適方法可被用於拉播式串流(pull-based streaming)及推播式串流(push-based streaming)範例。拉播式串流的一個例子是DASH。推播式串流的例子包括基於各別RTSP及對話啟動協定(Session Initiation Protocol；簡稱SIP)之PSS及IMS_PSS_MBMS服務。
第3圖示出DASH環境中之高階伺服器-用戶端互動300。在該環境中，一伺服器310可自一用戶端320接收裝置能力交換信令330，以便取得所支援的各種裝置定向狀態。該裝置能力信令330亦可包括DefaultOrientation屬性(表2)，該DefaultOrientation屬性在沒有來自用戶端320之任何進一步的信令時指示裝置定向。一MPD元資料檔案中之一組裝置定向及對應的內容資訊被傳送340到用戶端320。用戶端播放器然後監視現行裝置定向狀態，且要求該MPD檔案中指定的內容之針對該現行裝置定向 而調適之對應的版本。此外，當以HTTP擷取一MPD時，用戶端320可將其中包括根據ProfDiff的裝置定向之任何暫時性調整(現行裝置定向可能不同於內定裝置定向)之裝置定向資訊包含在該GET要求中。因此，HTTP伺服器310將一最佳化之MPD 340傳送到UE 330。
第4圖示出一具有DASH能力的適應性串流網路400，該網路400包含用戶端320，該用戶端320自網站伺服器310(第3圖)取得多媒體服務，而網站伺服器310又服務來自儲存多媒體內容的一網站或媒體伺服器414之多媒體內容。網站/媒體伺服器414經由音訊/視訊輸入416接收該多媒體內容，而音訊/視訊輸入416可以是一實況轉播的輸入流或被預先儲存的媒體內容，其中該媒體被串流到用戶端320。網站/媒體伺服器414可包含用來將該媒體內容編碼為一適當格式之一媒體編碼器424、以及用來將輸入的媒體內容分割為適於串流之一系列的片段(fragment)或區塊(chunk)之媒體分段器426。用戶端320可包含用來與網站伺服器310互動之一網站瀏覽器418、以及用來解碼及繪製該串流多媒體內容之一媒體解碼器/播放器420。
在某些實施例中，用戶端320開啟至一或數個標準HTTP伺服器或快取之一或數個傳輸控制協定(TCP)連接。用戶端320然後擷取用來提供與網站/媒體伺服器414中儲存的媒體內容的結構及不同版本有關的資訊(其中包括諸如不同的位元率、框速率(frame rate)、解析度、編碼解 碼器類型、以及DASH MPD資料模型標準ISO/IEC 23009-1：2012(E)中指定的其他資訊)之一MPD(元資料)檔案。該MPD被用來傳送每一區段(segment)的HTTP URL、及相關聯的元資料資訊，以便將各區段映射到媒體呈現等時線。用戶端320使用HTTP GET或部分HTTP GET訊息要求各區塊中之新資料，而以用來模擬第4圖所示的經由短下載的串流之個別HTTP GET訊息取得媒體檔案的被選擇版本之較小的資料區段(HTTP GET URL(FRAG1 REQ)、FRAGMENT 1、HTTP GET URL(FRAGi REQ)、FRAGMENT i)。該HTTP GET訊息之URL將該用戶端正在要求哪一或多個區段告知網站伺服器310。因此，網站瀏覽器418以逐個區段之方式(或根據位元組範圍要求而以逐個子區段之方式)自網站伺服器310拉回該媒體。
第5圖示出推播式串流(PSS及IMS_PSS_MBMS)環境中之高階伺服器-用戶端互動500。在該環境中，一伺服器510自一用戶端520接收能力交換信令資訊530，且根據裝置定向而調整內容。在一推播模型中，伺服器510自被儲存的一些內容版本中選擇一內容版本，或者伺服器510根據現行裝置定向而將內容動態地轉碼，且將該內容串流到用戶端520。在描述與該被串流的內容相關聯的裝置定向資訊之對話描述協定(SDP)中將與對話相關的元資料提供540給用戶端520。
在該PSS服務中，用戶端520通常以一RTSP DESCRIBE訊息將該裝置定向資訊傳送到伺服器510。該訊息亦可包括DefaultOrientation屬性(表2)，用以指示在沒有來自用戶端520之任何進一步的信令時之裝置定向。此外，當現行裝置定向不同於內定裝置定向時，ProDiff信令被用來暫時地調整裝置能力設定檔。支援能力交換之PSS內容伺服器亦可自該用戶端接收任何其他後續HTTP或RTSP要求中之裝置定向資訊。
在該IMS_PSS_MBMS服務中，用戶端520可在服務發現期間以一SIP SUBSCRIBE訊息將裝置定向資訊傳送到網際網路通訊協定多媒體(IP Multimedia；簡稱IM)核心網路(Core Network；簡稱CN)子系統，該IM CN子系統然後將該訊息轉送到服務發現功能(Service Discovery Function；簡稱SDF)。例如，第6圖示出UE 610(與UE 110相同或與UE 110可互換)、IM CN子系統620、與SDF 630間之裝置定向訊息交換600。IM CN子系統620及SDF 630可以是與諸如RAN 168(第1圖)等的存取網路領域介接之一核心網路領域的一部分。
一SIP SUBSCRIBE訊息640亦可包括一內定裝置定向屬性，用以在沒有來自UE 610之任何進一步的信令時指示裝置定向。SDF 630為一用戶的設定檔而諸如根據UE 610之能力決定適當的服務發現資訊(個人化服務發現)。SDF 630將包括服務發現資訊之一SIP NOTIFY訊息650傳送到IM CN子系統620，且IM CN子系統620將該SIP NOTIFY訊息650轉發回到UE 610。以一SIP OK訊 息確認每一訊息轉發。該傳訊框架能夠利用PSS及MBMS用戶服務中之裝置定向資訊執行最佳化的服務發現。然後，在IM子系統(IM Subsystem；簡稱IMS)對話期間，UE 610亦可將SIP信令用來指示其中包括根據ProfDiff的任何裝置定向暫時性調整之更新(亦即，在現行裝置定向不同於內定裝置定向之情況下)。經由其中包括現行裝置定向資訊之進一步的SIP SUBSCRIBE訊息刷新該訂用，而通知更新。
第7圖示出根據一或多個實施例能夠回應裝置定向而執行裝置定向能力交換信令及多媒體內容的伺服器調適之一資訊處置系統700之一方塊圖。第7圖之資訊處置系統700可具體地實施以與第1、3、4、或5圖有關之方式示出及說明的網路100的該等網路元件中之一或多個任何網路元件。例如，資訊處置系統700可代表用戶端110、媒體伺服器112、或裝置能力伺服器130之硬體，且根據特定裝置或網路元件之硬體規格而具有較多或較少的組件。例如，作為UE時，系統700通常將包含一定向感測器。雖然資訊處置系統700代表數種類型的計算平台中之例子，但是資訊處置系統700可包含比第7圖所示的元件多或少的元件，且/或可包含與第7圖所示的元件之配置不同的配置。
資訊處置系統700包含諸如處理器710及/或處理器712等的一或多個處理器，該一或多個處理器可包含一或多個處理核心。該一或多個處理器710、712可經由記憶 體橋接器714而耦合到一或多個記憶體716及/或718，該記憶體橋接器714可被配置在處理器710、712之外，或者可至少部分地被配置在一或多個處理器710、712之內。記憶體716及/或記憶體718可包括諸如揮發型記憶體及/或非揮發型記憶體等的各種類型之半導體式記憶體。記憶體橋接器714可耦合到一圖形系統720，以便驅動被耦合到資訊處置系統700之一顯示裝置(圖中未示出)。
資訊處置系統700可進一步包含用來耦合到各種類型的I/O系統之一輸入/輸出(Input/Output；簡稱I/O)橋接器722。I/O系統724可包括用來將一或多個周邊裝置耦合到資訊處置系統700之諸如一通用序列匯流排(Universal Serial Bus；簡稱USB)型系統、一電機及電子工程師協會(Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers；簡稱IEEE)1394型系統、或類似的I/O系統。一匯流排系統726可包括用來將一或多個周邊裝置連接到資訊處置系統700之諸如週邊組件互連(Peripheral Component Interconnect；簡稱PCI)快速型匯流排等的一或多個匯流排系統。一硬碟機(Hard Disk Drive；簡稱HDD)控制器系統728可將諸如序列先進技術連接(Serial ATA)型或類似之硬碟機等的一或多個硬碟機、或用來替代的包含快閃記憶體、相變化記憶體、及/或硫屬化物(chalcogenide)型記憶體或類似的記憶體之半導體式硬碟耦合到資訊處置系統700。一交換器730可被用來將諸如十 億位元乙太網路(Gigabit Ethernet)型裝置等的一或多個交換式裝置耦合到I/O橋接器722。此外，如第7圖所示，資訊處置系統700可包含一射頻(Radio Frequency；簡稱RF)收發器732，該RF收發器732包含一些RF電路及被耦合到一或多個天線734之一些裝置，而與其他的無線通訊裝置進行無線通訊，且/或經由諸如第4圖之傳輸系統400等的無線網路而進行無線通訊。當該資訊處置系統包含多個天線734時，RF收發器732可實施多輸入多輸出(Multiple Input,Multiple Output；簡稱MIMO)通訊方案，但是申請專利範圍的主題之範圍不限於這方面。第8圖中示出且下文中將以與第8圖有關之方式說明在一UE的環境中之一資訊處置系統的一示例實施例。
第8圖是被實施為細胞式電話、智慧型手機、平板型裝置、或類似裝置的第7圖所示資訊處置系統700之一等角視圖。系統700包括第1圖之用戶端110，且其實施裝置定向能力交換信令，而且回應裝置定向而啟動多媒體內容之伺服器調適。資訊處置系統700可包含一外殼810，該外殼810有一顯示器812，該顯示器812可包含一觸控式螢幕814，用以接收經由用戶的手指816及/或經由一觸控筆818之觸覺輸入控制及命令，以便控制一或多個處理器710或712。外殼810可容納資訊處置系統700之諸如一或多個處理器710、712、一或多個記憶體716、718、或收發器732等的一或多個組件。資訊處置系統700又可在可供選擇採用之情形下包含一實體致動器區 820，該實體致動器區820可包含一鍵盤或一些按鈕，用以經由一或多個按鈕或開關而控制資訊處置系統。資訊處置系統700亦可包含一埠或擴充槽822，用以接受形式為安全數位(Secure Digital；簡稱SD)卡或用戶身分模組(Subscriber Identity Module；簡稱SIM)卡之諸如快閃記憶體等的非揮發性記憶體。在可供選擇採用之情形下，資訊處置系統700可進一步包含一或多個喇叭823及麥克風824、以及用來資訊處置系統700連接到另一電子裝置、擴充基座、顯示器、及電池充電器等的裝置之一連接埠。此外，資訊處置系統700可包含在外殼810的一或多個側部上之一耳機或喇叭插孔828及一或多個攝影機830。系統700包含一內部定向感測器840。請注意，在各配置中，第7及8圖之資訊處置系統700可包含比所示之元件多或少的元件。
熟悉此項技術者當可了解：可在不脫離本發明之基本原理下，對前文所述實施例之細節作出許多改變。因此，應只由隨後的申請專利範圍決定本發明之範圍。
100‧‧‧能力交換信令系統
110‧‧‧行動終端
112‧‧‧封包交換式串流服務伺服器
130‧‧‧裝置設定檔伺服器
135‧‧‧裝置能力設定檔
160‧‧‧網路環境
168‧‧‧無線電存取網路
172‧‧‧增強型節點基地台

Claims (25)

  1. 一種被配置成以無線方式與遠端媒體內容伺服器通訊且啟動能力交換信令之用戶設備(UE)，該用戶設備包含：一定向感測器；一顯示裝置；一射頻收發器；可操作地被耦合到該射頻收發器之一電路；以及可操作地被耦合到該處理器之一記憶體，該記憶體儲存用來將該電路配置成用以執行下列步驟之指令：經由該射頻收發器而傳輸啟動該用戶設備之裝置定向能力的能力交換信令之資訊給該遠端媒體內容伺服器或一裝置設定檔伺服器，該用戶設備之該等裝置定向能力包括對應於該定向感測器提供的定向資訊之一列表之預定定向位置；自該遠端媒體內容伺服器接收一定義描述檔，該定義描述檔描述用於在該顯示裝置上的播放而配置之視訊內容的多個版本，該視訊內容的多個版本包含調適用於對應於該定向感測器提供的定向資訊之該預定定向位置的版本；以及針對串流或下載傳送而根據該用戶設備的現行定向狀態選擇該定義描述檔中描述的該視訊內容之一版本。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之用戶設備，其中該定義描述檔包含一媒體呈現描述(MPD)檔案，且其中該等指令進一步將該電路配置成用以執行下列步驟：以一超文件傳輸協定(HTTP)POST訊息將啟動能力交換信令之該資訊提供給該遠端媒體內容伺服器； 經由一HTTP GET訊息而向該遠端媒體內容伺服器要求該MPD檔案；自該遠端媒體內容伺服器接收該MPD檔案；以及使用HTTP上的動態適應性串流(DASH)自該遠端媒體內容伺服器要求該視訊內容之該被選擇的版本。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之用戶設備，其中該等指令進一步將該電路配置成用以執行下列步驟：將該視訊內容之該被選擇版本之一要求傳輸到該遠端媒體內容伺服器，其中該視訊內容之該被選擇版本對應該用戶設備的該現行定向狀態；以及自該遠端媒體內容伺服器接收用來根據一遞送協定遞送該視訊內容之該被選擇版本之一對話描述協定(SDP)檔案，該視訊內容之遞送選自一群組，其包含：根據一即時串流協定(RTSP)串流該視訊內容；使用HTTP上的動態適應性串流(DASH)遞送該視訊內容；以及經由HTTP或單向傳輸的檔案遞送(FLUTE)協定下載該視訊內容；以及自該遠端媒體內容伺服器接收該SDP檔案中識別的該視訊內容之該被選擇版本。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之用戶設備，其中該遠端媒體內容伺服器包含一基於IP多媒體子系統(IMS)之封包交換式串流服務，其中啟動能力交換信令之該資訊係包含於一對話啟動協定(SIP)SUBSCRIBE訊息內，且其中該等指令進一步將該電路配置 成用以執行下列步驟：在服務發現期間將該SIP SUBSCRIBE訊息傳輸到一網際網路通訊協定多媒體核心網路子系統。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之用戶設備，其中該用戶設備的裝置定向能力包括提供自包含下列的一群組中選出的一裝置定向能力：視訊顯示裝置定向模式、視訊擷取裝置定向模式、視訊顯示裝置定向角、視訊擷取裝置定向角、具有用來指示該用戶設備是否回應定向改變的值之一布林值指示符、用於繪製及顯示之內定裝置定向、用於擷取之內定裝置定向、定向感測器被配置成在視訊擷取及顯示期間可偵測到定向改變的90度區間中之相等間隔的角粒度級之數目、與該用戶設備相關聯的攝影機之數目、以及水平鏡像支援。
  6. 一種控制多媒體內容自伺服器經由無線網路至用戶設備(UE)用戶端的串流或下載之遞送方法，該方法包含：啟動能力交換信令，該能力交換信令將指示該用戶端的裝置定向能力之資訊提供給該伺服器，以便根據該用戶端支援的裝置定向模式而解譯來自該伺服器之視訊定向資訊；回應該資訊而自該伺服器接收用來識別可被用於串流或下載到該用戶端且針對該用戶端的一顯示裝置的一定向模式而配置的多媒體內容的版本之一元資料檔案；決定該用戶端的該顯示器之定向模式；以及經由該無線網路而串流或下載該元資料檔案中識別的且根據該用戶端之一實體定向而選擇的該多媒體內容之版本，其中該無線網路採用封包交換式串流服務(PSS)、基於整合式多媒體子系 統(IMS)的PSS及多媒體廣播暨群播服務MBMS(IMS_PSS_MBMS)中之至少一者。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法，其中該用戶端包含一行動裝置，且該資訊包括用來以型號識別該行動裝置之行動裝置身分資訊，其中該伺服器包含一PSS伺服器，且其中該啟動包含：啟動該PSS伺服器與儲存多個行動裝置型號的裝置能力設定檔的一裝置設定檔伺服器間之一裝置能力設定檔交換，裝置能力設定檔包含該用戶端支援之一列表的預定裝置定向模式。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法，進一步包含：根據該用戶端的實體定向之改變而在各多媒體內容串流之間動態切換。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法，其中該元資料檔案包含用來根據一遞送協定遞送該多媒體內容之一對話描述協定(SDP)檔案，該多媒體內容之遞送選自一群組，其包含：根據一即時串流協定(RTSP)串流該多媒體內容；使用HTTP上的動態適應性串流(DASH)遞送該多媒體內容；以及經由HTTP或單向傳輸的檔案遞送(FLUTE)協定下載該多媒體內容。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法，其中該元資料檔案包含一媒體呈現描述(MPD)檔案，用以根據HTTP上的動態適應性串流(DASH)而串流該多媒體內容。
  11. 一種電腦可讀取的媒體，具有指令，該等指令被執行時，使一媒體內容伺服器執行下列： 經由一通訊網路而接收一裝置定向屬性，該裝置定向屬性包括一無線通訊網路的一用戶終端支援之一列表的裝置定向位置，該等裝置定向位置係與經由該用戶終端上的一封包交換式串流服務應用支援之一傳輸協定而串流或下載視訊內容有關；經由其中包括內容選擇、擷取、壓縮、及轉碼操作之一或多個程序而根據該裝置定向屬性調適視訊內容；產生一對話描述或元資料檔案，以根據該裝置定向屬性而建立一串流或下載對話；以及將該被調適的視訊內容及該被產生的對話描述或元資料檔案遞送到該用戶終端。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中該列表包含一列表的分別對應於該用戶終端支援的一或多個裝置定向模式之一或多個定向位置。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第11項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中係自包含下列的一群組選出該傳輸協定：即時傳輸協定(RTP)；以及超文件傳輸協定(HTTP)。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第11項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中該對話描述或元資料檔案是用來遞送該視訊內容之一對話描述協定(SDP)檔案，該視訊內容之遞送選自一群組，其包含：根據一即時串流協定(RTSP)串流該視訊內容；使用HTTP上的動態適應性串流(DASH)串流該視訊內容；以及經由HTTP或單向傳輸的檔案遞送(FLUTE)協定下載該視訊 內容或用於DASH之一媒體呈現描述(MPD)檔案。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第11項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中該等指令被執行時，進一步使該媒體內容伺服器執行：根據該裝置定向屬性而將該視訊內容轉碼，或轉換該視訊內容之格式。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第11項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中經由該通訊網路而自一裝置設定檔伺服器接收該裝置定向屬性，且其中該用戶終端包含一用戶設備(UE)。
  17. 一種被配置成協調第三代行動通訊合作計劃(3GPP)網路中之視訊定向之用戶設備(UE)，該用戶設備包含：經由該3GPP網路的一無線電存取網路(RAN)與一封包交換式串流服務(PSS)伺服器通訊之一網路介面；以及執行下列之一PSS用戶端：經由該網路介面而以信號通知該PSS用戶端解譯視訊定向資訊之能力；經由該網路介面而自該PSS伺服器接收一對話描述協定(SDP)檔案，該SDP檔案包含指示自該PSS伺服器接收的視訊的現行定向之現行視訊定向資訊；以及根據該現行視訊定向資訊中指示的現行定向而旋轉自該PSS伺服器接收的視訊。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第17項之用戶設備，其中該PSS用戶端被進一步配置成執行與該PSS伺服器間之能力交換，該能力交換包括該PSS用戶端解譯該視訊定向資訊的能力及該用戶端根據該視訊定向資訊而顯示視訊的能力中之至少一者。
  19. 如申請專利範圍第18項之用戶設備，其中該能力交換進一步包括該用戶設備提供的旋轉角的粒度之指示，且其中係自包含下列的一群組中選出的粒度之指示：對應於90度旋轉模式之一較低粒度；以及對應於90度區間內之複數個相等間隔的角粒度級一較高粒度。
  20. 如申請專利範圍第17項之用戶設備，其中該PSS用戶端被進一步配置成執行下列：旋轉自該PSS伺服器接收的視訊；以及在旋轉該視訊之後，根據該現行視訊定向資訊中指示的該現行定向而水平地翻轉該視訊。
  21. 如申請專利範圍第17項之用戶設備，進一步包含：用來與一無線通訊裝置及一無線網路中之至少一者進行無線通訊之一或多個天線；以及一喇叭、一麥克風、一連接埠、一鍵盤、一觸控式螢幕、一電池、及一記憶體埠中之至少一者。
  22. 一種電腦可讀取的媒體，具有指令，該等指令被執行時，使一媒體內容伺服器執行下列：執行經由一第三代行動通訊合作計劃(3GPP)網路而與一用戶設備(UE)間之封包交換式串流服務(PSS)能力交換，該PSS能力交換指定用於視訊定向的協調之裝置能力屬性；根據該PSS能力交換而選擇包含一影像的第一定向之內容，以及以信號將該影像之該第一定向告知該用戶設備。
  23. 如申請專利範圍第22項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中該等指令被執行時，進一步使該媒體內容伺服器執行下列：接收該用戶設備的現行定向改變之一指示；回應該用戶設備的現行定向改變之該指示，而選擇該伺服器上的包含該影像的一第二定向之內容；以及以信號將該影像之該第二定向告知該用戶設備。
  24. 如申請專利範圍第22項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中該等指令被執行時，進一步使該媒體內容伺服器執行下列：在一對話描述協定(SDP)檔案及一即時傳輸協定(RTP)中將該影像之該第一定向告知該用戶設備。
  25. 如申請專利範圍第22項之電腦可讀取的媒體，其中該等指令被執行時，進一步使該媒體內容伺服器執行下列：經由該3GPP網路自該PSS能力交換接收一裝置定向屬性，該裝置定向屬性包括該用戶設備支援且與可被包含在3GPP檔案格式檔案中而且可被該用戶設備上的一封包交換式串流服務應用處置的視訊有關之一列表的一或多個裝置定向位置；以及根據該裝置定向屬性而將內容遞送到該用戶設備，其中該列表的一或多個裝置定向位置包括一內定定向模式及該用戶設備的一定向感測器指示的一現行定向模式之一指示。
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