TWI511792B - A method for wet sorting mineral powders with multiple impurities - Google Patents

Description

Wet sorting method containing multi-impurity mineral powder

The present invention relates to a wet sorting method, and more particularly to a wet sorting method comprising a multi-impurity mineral powder.

In recent years, the reuse of secondary resources has become one of the development priorities of the industry and academia in the world. Most of the technologies used have been improved from the purification and refining techniques of the original resources, such as wet impregnation. Fire refining, etc.; these methods often face a common problem when dealing with secondary resources: the impurity components are much more complicated than the original resources. If you directly enter the extraction and refining process, not only will it consume more acid and alkali solvents and energy, etc. It also makes the primary product low in purity, and requires complicated subsequent purification steps such as neutralization, oxidation, displacement, ion exchange, electrolysis, etc., which greatly reduces the economic benefits of resource regeneration.

For example, zinc is recovered from dust collection ash in electric steelmaking plants. Previously, there were several patented technologies for direct immersion and refining, including French Cebedau technology, Italian EZINEX technology and AMAX technology. These technologies are designed to overcome the high dust collection in electric furnaces. In addition to the high concentration of acid and alkali, the impurity component of the complexity is also subjected to pressure immersion, and the leaching rate of zinc is increased by the increase of temperature, in addition to removing iron, copper, manganese, nickel, etc. accompanying leaching. Impurities, followed by a number of complex purification steps, such as neutralization, oxidation, displacement, ion exchange, adsorption, etc., not only consume a lot of chemicals and energy, but also make the overall resource recovery economic benefits low.

Therefore, after years of experience, this kind of direct strong impregnation is not Close, it is the second best thing to refine the crude zinc oxide produced by the fire treatment technology; the biggest reason for this is that these process processes are not specific to the complex before the impregnation refining. The mineral components are initially sorted so that too much solvent and energy are consumed during the impregnation process.

In addition, many studies on powders have also pointed out that in the aqueous environment, the fine solid particles will agglomerate between the particles due to the surface-to-potential effect, taking gravity sorting as an example, if heavy particles and light When the particles are agglomerated together, they cannot be separated by the corresponding equipment and technology, and also in the magnetic separation, electro-election, and flotation; therefore, if the solid powder can be effectively dispersed and separated before sorting, The sorting effect is greatly improved, thereby reducing the cost of subsequent impregnation purification.

Continuing the above, since the surface potential of the mineral powder in the aqueous phase is closely related to the pH value, generally the dielectric potential is positive under acidic conditions, that is, the surface of the mineral powder is positively charged, while under alkaline conditions. Negative value, so the traditional method will use the pH adjustment to solve the problem of particle agglomeration, but this method will lead to the problem that the mineral component that is originally solid may dissolve when the pH is too high or too low. The phenomenon, which leads to the loss of valuable metals in the sorting process, makes the recovery rate greatly reduced and needs to be improved.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a wet sorting method comprising a multi-impurity mineral powder which enables the mineral powder to be isolated in an aqueous environment, thereby greatly enhancing subsequent fractions. Select the effect and effectively reduce the cost of subsequent processing.

Therefore, the wet sorting method of the multi-impurity mineral powder of the present invention comprises, in sequence, a preparation step, a slurry adjustment step and a sorting step; wherein the preparation step is provided with a plurality of mineral powders; In the slurry step, the above-mentioned expanded powder is added to water to be stirred into a slurry, and the solid-liquid ratio of the slurry ranges from 50 ^to 500 kg of mineral powder/m3 of water, and a non-altering dispersing agent is added. So that the mineral powder in the slurry does not produce a high or low pH value, to avoid the dissolution of the mineral powder, and at the same time, each mineral powder in the slurry can be separated to promote subsequent In the sorting step, the slurry can greatly improve the sorting effect and effectively reduce the cost of subsequent processing.

The above and other technical contents, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the Detailed Description of the <RTIgt;

Before the present invention is described in detail, it is noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Referring to FIG. 1, a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, a wet sorting method 3 containing a multi-impurity mineral powder, comprising a preparation step 31 prepared with a mineral powder, and the mineral powder is pulverized. a slurrying step 32, and a sorting step 33 of sorting the mineral powder obtained by the slurrying step 32; wherein the preparing step is prepared with mineral powder, water and a non-altering dispersing agent, etc., respectively The mineral powder described above is a mixture containing a plurality of impurities and a multi-mineral species, such as crude zinc oxide, dust collecting ash, heavy metal sludge, etc. Further, the slurrying step 32 is to mix the mineral powders with water into one. After the slurry, and adding a non-changing pH dispersing agent, so that each of the mineral powders in the slurry can be separated, and the foregoing dispersing agent in the present embodiment may be an organic acid and a salt thereof, such as lemon. Acid, sodium citrate, etc., or inorganic phosphates, such as sodium hexametaphosphate, and the slurry has a solid-liquid ratio of 50 ^to 500 kg of mineral powder per cubic meter of water.

Continuing the foregoing, the sorting step 33 is provided with a sorting machine (not shown) for performing physical sorting of the mineral powders, such as separating the mineral powders of different particle size ranges by particle size. Body, or magnetically sorted to sort out magnetic and non-magnetic mineral powders, or sort by weight, to sort out heavy particles, light particles of mineral powder, etc. When the treatment is applied, it can be treated for different particle size characteristics, magnetic characteristics, specific gravity characteristics, etc., and since the mineral powders are in an isolated state, they can be expanded through the sorting step 33. The powder is effectively sorted to enhance the effect of sorting, and the different mineral powders produced after sorting can be further purified according to the characteristics of different components, thereby reducing the cost of the subsequent purification treatment and purification. The purity is increased, which in turn improves the economic efficiency of the overall resource recovery.

Referring to FIG. 2, a second preferred embodiment of the wet sorting method 3 containing multi-impurity mineral powder of the present invention still includes a preparation step 31, a slurry adjustment step 32, a sorting step 33, and the like; in particular: the preparation Between step 31 and the slurry adjustment step 32, a scrubbing step 34 is additionally added. The scrubbing step 34 first mixes the mineral powders with water at a higher solid concentration, for example, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1 ^to 1:1.5. And after the stirring operation, the impurities adhering to the surface of the mineral powder are removed by colliding with the mineral powder, and then dehydrated to obtain a mineral powder for removing impurities so as to be the mineral powder. The body is further subjected to the subsequent treatment of the slurrying step 32, so that the amount of the dispersant used in the slurrying step 32 is lowered, and the effect of using the effect is improved.

In order to confirm that the present invention does have the aforementioned effects, in particular, several experimental examples are separately prepared for explanation. In the following experimental examples, the mineral powder system is exemplified by crude zinc oxide powder:

(1) Particle size dispersion test

Referring to Fig. 3, 100 g of crude zinc oxide powder was mixed into 150 ml of clean water to prepare 4 cups of the same solid concentration and volume of the slurry, and then 0 mmole, 6 mmole, 12 mmole and 20 mmole of citric acid were respectively transferred in 4 cups. And labeled as sample1 ^~ sample4, after stirring for 3 minutes, the pH value was slightly reduced from 6.9 to 6.7, and there was no significant change. Then the particle size distribution was measured by particle size analyzer. The results are shown in Figure 3. .

As shown in the sample1 of Fig. 3, in the absence of the dispersant, only the finer powder is separated separately, and the powders of the other particle sizes are in agglomerated state, and the difference between them cannot be distinguished; the sample2 result shown in Fig. 3 shows After the addition of the dispersing agent, the originally agglomerated powder has been dispersed, and the difference in size can be recognized by the particle size analysis, and the extremely fine and very coarse powders are separated more completely, so that the weight ratio of the particle diameters at both ends is increased; The dispersant dose was increased to 12mmole/100g, and the dispersion effect was slightly increased (see sample3 in Figure 3), but the effect was decreased after increasing to 20mmole/100g (see sample3 in Figure 3); The optimum amount of dispersant is 6 ^~ 12mmole / 100g, equivalent to 34.56 ^~ 69.12g / kg of powder.

(2) Amplification test

300 kg of crude zinc oxide powder according to the second embodiment of the present invention In the step shown, first, 450 liters of clean water (solid-liquid ratio 1:1.5) was added and scrubbed for 3 minutes to wash the dissolved impurities, followed by dehydration to remove waste water containing impurities, and the resulting solid was obtained. Transfer into 1500 liters of clean water (solid-liquid ratio 1:5), add 34.56 kg of dispersant citric acid and mix for 1 minute and mix thoroughly, then carry out gravity sorting (the purpose of gravity sorting is to increase the zinc content) The fine and light powder is separated from the coarse and heavy powder with high iron content).

In the other control group, the above steps were repeated except that the dispersant citric acid was not added, and the others were identical.

Continuing with the foregoing, the obtained results are compared with the light material selected after the dispersion, and the zinc content is about 5% higher than that of the control group without the dispersant added, the iron content is about 4% lower, and the zinc recovery rate is improved. About 10%; therefore, it can be clearly seen from the results that the addition of the dispersant has a single separation effect on the minerals of different compositions, so that the subsequent sorting effect can be greatly improved.

In the foregoing, the wet sorting method of the multi-impurity mineral powder of the present invention is characterized in that in the pulping step, a non-altering pH-dispersing agent is added to promote the mineral powder in the slurry not to be due to the pH value or High or too low, to avoid the dissolution of the mineral powder, and at the same time, each mineral powder in the slurry can be separated, so that the subsequent slurry can be effectively avoided in the sorting step. Reunion with each other results in unsatisfactory sorting results, which in turn greatly enhances the sorting effect, and enables subsequent application of mineral powders of different characteristics, or reduction of chemicals required for refining treatment, resulting in relative relative treatment. In addition to lower costs, the overall economic benefits of resource recovery can be improved.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the description of the invention. All should remain within the scope of the invention patent.

3‧‧‧ Wet sorting method

31‧‧‧Material preparation steps

32‧‧‧Pulping step

33‧‧‧ Sorting steps

34‧‧‧ scrubbing steps

1 is a flow chart of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a particle size dispersion test chart of an experimental example of the present invention.

3‧‧‧ Wet sorting method

31‧‧‧Material preparation steps

32‧‧‧Pulping step

33‧‧‧ Sorting steps

Claims (6)

A wet sorting method comprising a multi-impurity mineral powder, comprising: a preparation step of separately preparing mineral powder, water and a non-changing acidity dispersing agent; and a pulping step, wherein the mineral powder is The body and water are mixed to form a slurry, and the slurry has a solid-liquid ratio of 50 to 500 kg of mineral powder per cubic meter of water, and the dispersing agent is added, and the mixing ratio of the dispersing agent to the mineral powder is 1 to 4 Kg/100 kg of powder, and the addition of the dispersant allows each mineral powder in the slurry to be separated from each other; and a sorting step, which has a sorting machine for utilizing the pre-processed slurry The sorting machine performs sorting, and the mineral powders are then processed for subsequent use. According to the wet sorting method of the multi-impurity mineral powder according to the first aspect of the patent application, a scrubbing step is added between the preparing step and the pulping step, and the scrubbing step is performed by first mixing and mixing the water and the mineral powder. And causing impurities attached to the surface of the mineral powder to collide with each other to cause the impurities to fall into the water, and finally dehydrating the aqueous mineral powder to obtain the mineral for removing impurities Powder. The wet sorting method of the multi-impurity mineral powder according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the dispersing agent is an organic acid and a salt thereof. The wet sorting method of the multi-impurity mineral powder according to the third aspect of the patent application, wherein the organic acid and the salt thereof may be one of citric acid and sodium citrate. Wet type of multi-impurity mineral powder according to item 1 of the patent application scope The method of selecting, wherein the dispersing agent is an inorganic phosphate. A wet sorting method of a multi-impurity mineral powder according to claim 5, wherein the inorganic phosphate may be sodium hexametaphosphate.