CN103949335B - Utilize the method that v-ti magnetite concentrate is selected in alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation again - Google Patents
Utilize the method that v-ti magnetite concentrate is selected in alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation again Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method utilizing alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation to select v-ti magnetite concentrate again of disclosure, comprise the steps: to be placed in v-ti magnetite concentrate in the aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 5～52%, at 280～370 DEG C, alkali leaching reaction 0.5～5 hour, filters, obtains filtrate and alkali leaching cake A；The ore pulp making mass concentration 20%～25% that added water by A feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out overflow and sand setting B；The ore pulp making mass concentration 30%～36% that added water by B again carries out magnetic separation, sorts out final iron ore concentrate and TiO that TFe content range is 63%～68%2Content range is the final ilmenite concentrate of 35%～50%.The invention have the advantage that to achieve and v-ti magnetite concentrate is efficiently sorted, alkaline consumption is low, reduces impurity content, especially objectionable impurities TiO such as entering blast furnace Al and Si2, S content, improve the capacity factor of a blast furnace, reduce the discharge capacity of blast furnace slag, reduce ironmaking cost, solve smelting process S content high, with serious pollution problem；Improve titanium resource comprehensive utilization ratio simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ore-dressing technique of a kind of v-ti magnetite concentrate, particularly relate to a kind of method utilizing alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation to select v-ti magnetite concentrate again.
Background technology
Vanadium titano-magnetite is the grandidierite of a kind of multiple metallic element, be based on iron content, vanadium, titanium the magnetic iron ore of symbiosis.And one of v-ti magnetite concentrate product that to be vanadium titano-magnetite obtain through ore dressing, wherein vanadium is composed with isomorph and is stored in titanomagnetite, replaces ferric ion.Titanomagnetite is oikocryst mineral (Fe3O4) and chadacryst ore deposit [ulvite 2FeO TiO2, ilmenite FeO TiO2, aluminum-spinel (Mg, Fe) (Al, Fe)2O4] complex that formed.Such as, China's Panzhihua Region Midi Concentrator v-ti magnetite green ore and the v-ti magnetite concentrate chemistry multielement analysis result after selecting ferrum in Table 1, v-ti magnetite green ore and vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate material phase analysis result respectively in Table 2 and table 3.
Table 1 China's Panzhihua Region Midi Concentrator raw ore and v-ti magnetite concentrate chemistry multielement analysis result
| Element | TFe | FeO | mFe | S | Fe2O3 | TiO2 | V2O5 |
| Raw ore | 29.53 | 21.36 | 20.20 | 0.631 | 17.70 | 10.54 | 0.278 |
| Concentrate | 54.01 | 32.42 | 51.16 | 0.574 | 40.97 | 12.67 | 0.61 |
| Element | SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | MgO | Co | P | As |
| Raw ore | 22.80 | 7.65 | 6.36 | 7.23 | 0.02 | 0.015 | <0.01 |
| Concentrate | 3.21 | 3.30 | 0.98 | 2.90 | 0.02 | 0.008 | <0.010 |
Table 2 China Panzhihua Region Midi Concentrator v-ti magnetite green ore titanium, ferrum chemical phase analysis result
Table 3 China Panzhihua Region Midi Concentrator vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate titanium, ferrum chemical phase analysis result
Vanadium titano-magnetite aboundresources in the world, whole world reserves reach more than 40,000,000,000 tons, and reserves in China reaches 98.3 hundred million tons.In v-ti magnetite Ore, ferrum is mainly composed and is stored in titanomagnetite, the TiO in Ore2Main tax is stored in granular ilmenite and titanomagnetite.Generally, the titanium of about 57% is composed and is stored in titanomagnetite (mFeTiO3·nFe3O4) in, the titanium of about 40% is composed and is stored in ilmenite (FeTiO3) in, due to vanadium titano-magnetite Ore composition complexity, character is special, thus the comprehensive utilization of this kind of Ore is the international a great problem always thoroughly not solved.This occurrence characteristics of vanadium titano-magnetite mineral determines and adopts physical upgrading method cannot realize titanium, the efficiently separating of ferrum from the source of Ore, cause v-ti magnetite Ore after physical upgrading, iron concentrate grade low (TFe < 55%), the titanium in iron ore concentrate at ironmaking processes completely into blast furnace slag (TiO2Content reaches more than 22%) form vitreous body, TiO2Lose activity and cannot economic recovery, meanwhile, titanium recovery rate is low by only 18%.Therefore with the beneficiation method of physics sort titanium iron ore greatly reduce titanium and ferrum individually with value.
China is first country comprehensively extracting ferrum, vanadium, titanium with commercial scale from complicated vanadium titano-magnetite in the world, but due to general physical method can not fundamentally change ferrum, characteristic is deposited in the tax of titanium densification symbiosis, therefore, adopt the physical upgrading methods such as common gravity separation method, magnetic method, floatation to carry out titanium, ferrum separates, efficiency is low, is difficult to select of high grade and ilmenite concentrate that impurity is few or iron ore concentrate；Meanwhile, TiO2Organic efficiency is not high, v-ti magnetite green ore after Mineral separation, the TiO of about 54%2Enter iron ore concentrate, these TiO2After blast furnace process, almost fully enter slag phase, form TiO2The blast furnace slag of content 20～24%；Further, since the impurity contents such as S, Si, Al in iron ore concentrate are also too high, above-mentioned reason not only causes that steelmaking furnace usage factor is low, energy consumption big, titanium resource waste, and amount of slag is big, environmental pollution is serious.
CN2011100879566 discloses " beneficiation method of a kind of ilmenite ", is by the v-ti magnetite green ore method that magnetic separation obtains ilmenite concentrate and iron ore concentrate after ore grinding, alkaline pretreatment, filtration, again ore grinding.The method is by iron content 32.16% with containing TiO2The v-ti magnetite green ore of 12.11% is processed by magnetic separation after ore grinding, alkaline pretreatment, filtration, again ore grinding, defines iron content 59.30% iron ore concentrate and containing TiO2The ilmenite concentrate of 20.15%.Owing to the method is for ilmenite raw ore, raw ore SiO2、Al2O3, the gangue mineral content such as CaO, MgO high, the process of alkali leaching will preferentially occur at SiO2、Al2O3With mineral, defining compound after the alkali similar to titanium soaks in the dipped journey of alkali, the NaOH alkali number of alkali leaching ferrotianium raw ore consumption is 469Kg/t raw ore, and cost is high；And the titanium compound formed after the leaching of ferrotianium raw ore alkali, with the compound of silicon formed after the gangue mineral alkali leaching such as quartz, it is very difficult for wanting to realize efficiently separating in follow-up magnetic separation, and this also constrains the raising of iron concentrate grade and ilmenite concentrate grade after ferrotianium raw ore alkali soaks.Meanwhile, the method adopts twice grinding process to change mineral surfaces physicochemical properties, adds complexity and the process cost of the method.In a word, by this kind of procedure complexity, and in processing procedure, quantity of alkali consumption is big, cost is high；Simultaneously, it is impossible to obtain more high-grade iron ore concentrate and ilmenite concentrate.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned beneficiation method, the technical problem to be solved is on the basis that physics and chemical mineral processing method effectively combine, a kind of cost of offer is low, reclaim quality and efficiency is high, technique is simple, and good operability utilize the method that alkali leaching, classification, magnetic separation select v-ti magnetite concentrate again, achieve and titanium, ferrum in v-ti magnetite concentrate are carried out high efficiency separation, improve into stokehold Iron grade, reduce and enter blast furnace TiO2, the impurity such as S, Si, Al content, improve the capacity factor of a blast furnace, reduce the discharge capacity of blast furnace slag, reduce ironmaking cost, improve TiO simultaneously2Comprehensive resource utilization rate, reduces environmental pollution.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the technical scheme is that and be achieved in that:
A kind of method utilizing alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation to select v-ti magnetite concentrate again of the present invention, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) alkali leaching
It is 50%～55% by TFe content range, TiO2Content range is 10%～15%, SiO2Content is 3%～6%, Al2O3Content is 3%～6%, S content > 0.5% v-ti magnetite concentrate, being placed in the aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 5%～52%, at the temperature of 280 DEG C～370 DEG C, alkali leaching reaction 0.5～5 hour, is filtered reactant, obtaining filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system；
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 20%～25% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 30%～36% that adds water carry out magnetic separation; sort out magnetic concentrate D and magnetic tailing E; described magnetic concentrate D is TFe content range be 63%～68% final iron ore concentrate, magnetic tailing E and overflow C merges into TiO2Content range is the final ilmenite concentrate of 35%～50%.
Described aqueous slkali is any one in NaOH or KOH aqueous solution, NaOH and KOH mixed aqueous solution.
Described magnetic separation adopts the drum magnetic separator of 0.13T～0.16T to carry out magnetic separation.
Described magnetic separation adopts the magnetic force dehydration groove of 0.03T～0.05T to carry out magnetic separation.
Described magnetic separation is respectively adopted the drum magnetic separator of 0.13T～0.16T and 0.03T～0.05T magnetic force dehydration groove carries out two stages of magnetic separation.
The invention have the advantage that
The method that v-ti magnetite concentrate is selected in the leaching of method integrated use alkali, classification and the magnetic separation of the present invention again, it is achieved that titanium, ferrum high efficiency separation in v-ti magnetite concentrate；In the iron ore concentrate concurrently separated out, S content is greatly reduced, and is decreased to less than 0.10% by more than 0.50%, SiO2Content is down to less than 3% by 3%～6%, Al2O3Content is down to less than 3% by 3%～6%, creates better condition for subsequent smelting.
The elements such as Ti, S, Si, Al in v-ti magnetite concentrate have been carried out chemical reaction by the process of alkali leaching, define corresponding salt.With v-ti magnetite concentrate the difference is that, SiO in ilmenite raw ore2Content (> 20%) and Al2O3Content (> 7%) it is significantly larger than in v-ti magnetite concentrate SiO2Content (< 6%) and Al2O3Content (< 6%), soak in ilmenite raw ore process at alkali, owing to the process of alkali leaching will preferentially occur at SiO2、Al2O3Deng on mineral so that it is less that alkali leaching v-ti magnetite concentrate soaks ferrotianium raw ore alkali consumption than alkali, better effects if.Such as, when soaking with NaOH alkali, the alkali number that the present invention consumes is less than 100kg/t concentrate, and the alkali number 469kg/t raw ore soaking raw ore consumption than alkali reduces more than 4.6 times.
Granularity and the gravity grading of mineral pressed by cyclone, and the titanium compound generated after alkali leaching is than the fine size of iron mineral, and proportion is little, titanium, ferrum difference of specific gravity bigger, it is achieved that titanium, the efficiently separating of ferrum.
Adding magnetic separation, magnetic separation utilizes different minerals magnetic contrast to sort.Alkali leaching makes titanium dissociate from magnetic iron ore lattice, titanium generates non-magnetic titanium compound, therefore according to magnetic iron ore and titanium compound magnetic contrast, simple magnetic method can be adopted to be separated by ferrotianium, iron concentrate grade is made to be brought up to 63%～68% by 50%～55%, iron ore concentrate is measured less than 0.1% containing S, SiO simultaneously2And Al2O3Content is respectively less than 3%, TiO2Content is down to less than 6% by 12%；At the same time it can also be obtain TiO2Content is the ilmenite concentrate of 35%～50%.Employing the method achieves and titanium, ferrum is effectively separated, and reduces and enters blast furnace TiO2, the impurity such as S, Si, Al content, improve the capacity factor of a blast furnace, reduce the discharge capacity of blast furnace slag, reduce ironmaking cost, improve titanium resource comprehensive utilization ratio simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the two stages of magnetic separation process chart that magnetic separation of the present invention adopts drum magnetic separator and magnetic force dehydration groove.
Fig. 3 is the process chart that magnetic separation of the present invention adopts another embodiment of two stages of magnetic separation of drum magnetic separator and magnetic force dehydration groove.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further:
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1.
1) alkali leaching
It is 50.3% by TFe content, TiO2Content is 14.9%, SiO2Content is 4.95%, Al2O3Content is 4.98%, the v-ti magnetite concentrate of S content 0.82%, it is placed in the NaOH aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 25%, alkali leaching reaction 3 hours at the temperature of 360 DEG C, reactant is filtered, obtain filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, NaOH consumption 83kg/t is to ore deposit, and described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system, and its chemical equation is:
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 20% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 34% that adds water feed the drum magnetic separator that field intensity is 0.13T and carry out magnetic separation, respectively magnetic concentrate D, magnetic tailing E, described magnetic concentrate D is TFe content be 67.6% final iron ore concentrate (SiO2Content is 0.36%, Al2O3Content is 1.12%, S content is 0.01%), described magnetic tailing E and overflow C merges into TiO2Content is the final ilmenite concentrate of 40.2%.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 1.
1) alkali leaching
It is 51.6% by TFe content, TiO2Content is 13.7%, SiO2Content is 4.88%, Al2O3Content is 4.96%, the v-ti magnetite concentrate of S content 0.78%, it is placed in the NaOH aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 15%, alkali leaching reaction 2 hours at the temperature of 310 DEG C, reactant is filtered, obtain filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, NaOH consumption 80kg/t is to ore deposit, and described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system, and its chemical equation is with embodiment 1.
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 21% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 31% that adds water feed the drum magnetic separator that field intensity is 0.15T and carry out magnetic separation, respectively magnetic concentrate D, magnetic tailing E, described magnetic concentrate D is TFe content be 65.1% final iron ore concentrate (SiO2Content is 0.51%, Al2O3Content is 1.35%, S content is 0.02%), described magnetic tailing E and overflow C merges into TiO2Content is the final ilmenite concentrate of 39.9%.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 1.
1) alkali leaching
It is 50.6% by TFe content, TiO2Content is 14.3%, SiO2Content is 4.55%, Al2O3Content is 4.68%, the v-ti magnetite concentrate of S content 0.72%, it is placed in the NaOH aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 45%, alkali leaching reaction 4 hours at the temperature of 290 DEG C, reactant is filtered, obtain filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, NaOH consumption 89kg/t is to ore deposit, and described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system, and its chemical equation is with embodiment 1.
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 22% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 31% that adds water feed the magnetic force dehydration groove that field intensity is 0.05T and carry out magnetic separation, respectively magnetic concentrate D, magnetic tailing E, magnetic concentrate D is TFe content be 63.6% final iron ore concentrate (SiO2Content is 1.61%, Al2O3Content is 1.49%, S content is 0.04%), described magnetic tailing E and overflow C merges into TiO2Content is the final ilmenite concentrate of 46.5%.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 1.
1) alkali leaching
It is 53.5% by TFe content, TiO2Content is 11.7%, SiO2Content is 4.75%, Al2O3Content is 4.93%, the v-ti magnetite concentrate of S content 0.77%, it is placed in the NaOH aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 50%, alkali leaching reaction 1 hour at the temperature of 370 DEG C, reactant is filtered, obtain filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, NaOH consumption 79kg/t is to ore deposit, and described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system, and its chemical equation is with embodiment 1.
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 24% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 33% that adds water feed the magnetic force dehydration groove that field intensity is 0.05T and carry out magnetic separation, respectively magnetic concentrate D, magnetic tailing E, magnetic concentrate D is TFe content be 66.8% final iron ore concentrate (SiO2Content is 1.24%, Al2O3Content is 1.65%, S content is 0.01%), described magnetic tailing E and overflow C merges into TiO2Content is the final ilmenite concentrate of 43.4%.
Embodiment 5:
As shown in Figure 2.
1) alkali leaching
It is 52.7% by TFe content, TiO2Content is 12.2%, SiO2Content is 3.93%, Al2O3Content is 4.64%, the v-ti magnetite concentrate of S content 0.71%, it is placed in the KOH aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 35%, alkali leaching reaction 1.5 hours at the temperature of 350 DEG C, reactant is filtered, obtain filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, KOH consumption 80kg/t is to ore deposit, and described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system, and its chemical equation is:
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 20% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) two stages of magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 32% that adds water feed the drum magnetic separator that field intensity is 0.13T and carry out a stages of magnetic separation, obtain an a stages of magnetic separation concentrate D1 and stages of magnetic separation mine tailing E1, the stages of magnetic separation concentrate D1 that mass concentration is 31.5% is fed the magnetic force dehydration groove that field intensity is 0.03T and carries out two stages of magnetic separation, obtain two-stage nitration magnetic concentrate D2 and two-stage nitration magnetic tailing E2, described two-stage nitration magnetic concentrate D2 is TFe content be 67.9% final iron ore concentrate (SiO2Content is 0.30%, Al2O3Content is 1.13%, S content is 0.01%), described two stages of magnetic separation mine tailing E1, E2 and overflow C merges into TiO2Content is the final ilmenite concentrate of 36.2%.
Embodiment 6:
As shown in Figure 3.
1) alkali leaching
It is 54.1% by TFe content, TiO2Content is 10.9%, SiO2Content is 3.55%, Al2O3Content is 4.42%, the v-ti magnetite concentrate of S content 0.69%, it is placed in the KOH aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 51%, alkali leaching reaction 1 hour at the temperature of 360 DEG C, reactant is filtered, obtain filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, KOH consumption 81kg/t is to ore deposit, and described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system, and its chemical equation is with embodiment 5.
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 25% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) two stages of magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 30.5% that adds water feed the magnetic force dehydration groove that field intensity is 0.05T and carry out a stages of magnetic separation, obtain an a stages of magnetic separation concentrate D1 and stages of magnetic separation mine tailing E1, the stages of magnetic separation concentrate D1 that mass concentration is 33.5% is fed the drum magnetic separator that field intensity is 0.12T and carries out two stages of magnetic separation, obtain two-stage nitration magnetic concentrate D2 and two-stage nitration magnetic tailing E2, described two-stage nitration magnetic concentrate D2 is TFe content be 67.1% final iron ore concentrate (SiO2Content is 0.31%, Al2O3Content is 1.15%, S content is 0.01%), described two stages of magnetic separation mine tailing E1, E2 and overflow C merges into TiO2Content is the final ilmenite concentrate of 48.8%.
Embodiment 7:
As shown in Figure 3.
1) alkali leaching
It is 54.3% by TFe content, TiO2Content is 11.3%, SiO2Content is 3.65%, Al2O3Content is 4.47%, the v-ti magnetite concentrate of S content 0.66%, be placed in NaOH mass concentration be 35%, KOH mass concentration be 15% aqueous slkali in, alkali leaching reaction 1.5 hours at the temperature of 300 DEG C, reactant is filtered, obtaining filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, NaOH consumption 30kg/t to ore deposit, KOH consumption 50kg/t is to ore deposit, described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system, and its chemical equation is with embodiment 1 and embodiment 5.
2) classification
By step 1) in alkali leaching cake A add water, the ore pulp forming mass concentration 25% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C.
3) two stages of magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 30.5% that adds water feed the magnetic force dehydration groove that field intensity is 0.05T and carry out a stages of magnetic separation, obtain an a stages of magnetic separation concentrate D1 and stages of magnetic separation mine tailing E1, the stages of magnetic separation concentrate D1 that mass concentration is 33.5% is fed the drum magnetic separator that field intensity is 0.12T and carries out two stages of magnetic separation, obtain two-stage nitration magnetic concentrate D2 and two-stage nitration magnetic tailing E2, described two-stage nitration magnetic concentrate D2 is TFe content be 66.7% final iron ore concentrate (SiO2Content is 0.35%, Al2O3Content is 1.12%, S content is 0.01%), described two stages of magnetic separation mine tailing E1, E2 and overflow C merges into TiO2Content is the final ilmenite concentrate of 47.9%.
Claims (4)
1. one kind utilizes the method that v-ti magnetite concentrate is selected in alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation again, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) alkali leaching
It is 50%～55% by TFe content range, TiO2Content range is 10%～15%, SiO2Content is 3%～6%, Al2O3Content is 3%～6%, S content > 0.5% v-ti magnetite concentrate, be placed in the aqueous slkali that mass concentration is 5%～52%, described aqueous slkali is any one in NaOH or KOH aqueous solution, NaOH and KOH mixed aqueous solution；At the temperature of 280 DEG C～370 DEG C, alkali leaching reaction 0.5～5 hour, is filtered reactant, obtains filtrate and alkali leaching cake A, and described filtrate feeds recovery and processing system；
2) classification
Being added water by alkali leaching cake A in step 1), the ore pulp of formation mass concentration 20%～25% feeds cyclone and carries out classification, and classification goes out sand setting B and overflow C；
3) magnetic separation
By step 2) in the sand setting B ore pulp making mass concentration 30%～36% that adds water carry out magnetic separation; sort out magnetic concentrate D and magnetic tailing E; described magnetic concentrate D is TFe content range be 63%～68% final iron ore concentrate, magnetic tailing E and overflow C merges into TiO2Content range is the final ilmenite concentrate of 35%～50%.
2. the method utilizing alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation to select v-ti magnetite concentrate more according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnetic separation adopts the drum magnetic separator of 0.13T～0.16T to carry out magnetic separation.
3. the method utilizing alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation to select v-ti magnetite concentrate more according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnetic separation adopts the magnetic force dehydration groove of 0.03T～0.05T to carry out magnetic separation.
4. the method utilizing alkali leaching, classification and magnetic separation to select v-ti magnetite concentrate more according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnetic separation is respectively adopted the drum magnetic separator of 0.13T～0.16T and 0.03T～0.05T magnetic force dehydration groove carries out two stages of magnetic separation.
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