TWI470855B - 用於密封鋰離子電池的系統與方法 - Google Patents

用於密封鋰離子電池的系統與方法 Download PDF

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TWI470855B
TWI470855B TW100123485A TW100123485A TWI470855B TW I470855 B TWI470855 B TW I470855B TW 100123485 A TW100123485 A TW 100123485A TW 100123485 A TW100123485 A TW 100123485A TW I470855 B TWI470855 B TW I470855B
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lithium ion
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electrolyte
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Chun-Chieh Chang
Tsun Yu Chang
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Tsun Yu Chang
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Description

用於密封鋰離子電池的系統與方法
本發明的目的是製造高耐久性鋰離子電池,其可適於大量生產而且維持關於電池緊密密封的高品質。在本發明所揭露的結構及方法可應用到所有的鋰離子電池。
密封經常是決定鋰離子單元的使用壽命的關鍵問題,由於若水或氧分子存在於電池的電解質中,單元的高電壓使得水分解或氧還原。水或氧氣的存在可能是電池的不當密封所引起。習用而言,鋰離子單元的尺寸與容量為小。以“18650”圓柱狀單元為例,單元尺寸是直徑為18 mm且高度為65 mm。“18650”圓柱狀單元容量範圍為自2.8 Ah到1.4 Ah、等等,視單元所用的陰極材料型式而定。由於在電池蓋與外殼之間的可用空間的限制,在蓋與外殼區域中的介面通常很小(僅通過其典型成形如同O形環的絕緣層)。此類的介面並未提供充分長度的擴散路徑來絕對防止氧或水分子穿過介面。情況在當連續高溫循環情形(例如:諸如連續高功率操作的情形)施加到電池時由於介面的加速劣化而變得更糟。此情形是隨著電解質存在而變得更糟。電解質的小分子與易揮發性質促進在上述介面的穿透,因而減少電池使用壽命。相同問題可用在所有型式的鋰離子單元,諸如:圓柱狀單元、稜柱狀單元、或甚至鋰聚合物單元。
為了克服上述問題,新結構的電池設計在目前揭示為具有用於構成電池的新方法。先將用於圓柱狀單元之諸如果凍捲式的電極或用於稜柱狀單元的電極堆疊封入在塑膠製成的初始外罩(其可成形為類似於塑膠袋)中以提供單元的氣密式密封。接著使用在將單元封入的外殼與其蓋之間的習用密封來進行第二氣密式密封。藉著使用初始外罩,存在於外殼與蓋之間的介面的電解質的量被大為減少,因此電池在關於氣體與電解質分子穿透為更耐用。即使初始氣密式密封可能在某時間後而滲漏,接近於含有電流收集極的蓋(存在金屬對聚合物介面)的電解質濃度是相較於若不存在任何的初始氣密式密封而仍為小。再者,用於第一氣密式密封之成形為袋狀的初始外罩還可限制電解質對於外殼的溢出,因此節省對於將整個外殼填滿所需的電解質的量,如習用方法所為者。值得注意的是,氣密式密封的初始外罩(可成形為袋狀以容納圓柱狀單元的果凍捲或稜柱狀單元的電極堆疊)可為僅是塑膠薄膜或疊層的塑膠薄膜,其為電解質不能穿透,且無須使用疊層的鋁箔片。即,單元不必要以作為最終或合成電池的意圖作封裝。使用成形為類似塑膠袋的初始外罩的另一個優點是為了防止透過袋的短路。視電池使用壽命的需求而定,上述初始外罩的塑膠袋(容納果凍捲或電極堆疊)可為一或更多塑膠薄片層。將本發明的結構以及方法實施在電池中,可預期具有延長使用壽命(目標為20年)的耐用鋰離子單元。良好的密封機構是非常重要的,尤其是對於大型電池(容量超過10 Ah)而言,大型電池被利用在大規模的能量儲存系統及/或諸如其需要長使用壽命與連續高功率能力的電動車與油電混合車的高功率應用。
本發明是一種用於鋰離子電池的密封系統,該種密封系統具有:至少一個鋰離子單元,其具有至少一個陽極、至少一個陰極、一連接到至少一個陽極的陽極電流收集片、一連接到至少一個陰極的陰極電流收集片、及一電解質。該種密封系統更具有:一用於容納至少一個鋰離子單元的外殼、及一具有電流收集極的殼蓋。該殼蓋是被氣密式密封到該外殼。該種密封系統還更具有:一用於將各個鋰離子單元封入之由塑膠製成的初始外罩,該初始外罩將各個鋰離子單元氣密式密封,該電流收集片延伸通過該初始外罩。
本發明的多重氣密式密封提供更適合大量生產的一種電池製造方法,因為電解質填充是在初始氣密式密封之前而易於在外罩中進行。除氣是在第一次充電之後且在初始氣密式密封之前而於單元進行。在初始氣密式密封之後,個別密封的單元可經串聯或並聯連接來形成單元組。單元組是接著以較佳具有安全通氣孔的剛性的鋼或鋁製外殼來進行外殼氣密式密封。剛性的外殼是較佳為鋼或鋁製,但不受限於此且可為任何其他的材料。本發明的重要特點是使初始密封及外殼密封均為氣密式,藉以減小任何電解質接觸外殼的可能性。應注意的是,如上所述,置放在剛性殼中的單元組亦可為單一個單元,其為一個圓柱狀單元或一個稜柱狀單元。雖然必須為氣密式,初始密封不受限於任何形式或任何方法。雙重氣密式密封結構的優點如下:
1.防止電解質滲漏,由於存在以二個氣密式密封之至少二層的保護。
2.不必使用銅作為負極(即:用於最終電池的電流收集器),由於避免電流收集極與電解質的直接接觸。因為初始氣密式密封的存在,負電流收集極可為鋁或任何其他較低成本的材料,而非為銅,其習用作為負極以防止當電解質與負極為直接接觸時的腐蝕。
3.用於第一氣密式密封的袋可為任何形式的塑膠薄膜而非為疊層的鋁箔片或其他金屬箔片。
4.免除對於在將剛性殼密封後而將電解質填滿到電池中的需要。此舉可達成,因為電解質添加是在初始氣密式密封之前而進行。此外,初始外罩限制需要電解質的空間,因此可使得電解質添加量為最少。
5.無任何氣體壓力被建立在最終的電池中,由於除氣是在進行初始氣密式密封之前而實行。
6.多重氣密式密封結構允許膠黏已經受到初始氣密式密封的單元來將單元附接到外殼,其將會受到外殼氣密式密封。藉由膠黏或類似者的穩定化可在若是最終電池受到振動或其他力量時而防止電極堆疊的可能損壞。
7.最終電池的生產量可經提高,若已經受到初始氣密式密封的單元可在其為群組一起且置放在外殼內部、且受到外殼氣密式密封之前而經個別檢驗及測試。
除了具有初始氣密式密封與外殼氣密式密封的單元之電池之外,本發明的另一個實施例提供第二氣密式密封的外罩,其稱為第二外罩。第二外罩是用來容納個別單元所組成的單元組。個別的單元是先受到初始氣密式密封。將此第二氣密式密封用在已經氣密式密封的單元組之外側,電解質滲透的機會極小。最後,由第二氣密式密封所密封的單元組是以外殼氣密式密封來再次密封。再者,外殼可為鋼或鋁製且具有安全通氣孔,但不受限於此。關於成本考量,因為初始與第二氣密式密封,對於外殼氣密式密封的要求可為較不嚴格。
此外,以類似第二外罩的方式來使用第三外罩,第三氣密式密封是可能的。
可用於初始、第二、以及第三氣密式密封的材料包括塑膠、或塑膠複合膜。塑膠複合膜可用多層來形成,包括:聚乙烯(Polyethylene,PE)、聚丙烯(Polypropylene,PP)、聚胺甲酸酯(Polyurethane,PU)、尼龍(Nylon)、聚對酞酸乙二酯(Polyethylene terephthalate,PET)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene,ABS)、氟化乙烯丙烯(Fluorinated ethylene propylene,FEP)、聚甲醛(Polyoxymethylene)(Delrin)、聚醯亞胺(Polyimide)、聚丙烯酸(Polyacrylic)、環氧樹脂(Epoxy resin)、或已列出材料的組合。
較佳在具有安全通氣孔的剛性外殼上進行外殼氣密式密封。可用作為外殼的材料是較佳為鋼或鋁,但其他種類的剛性殼亦可用於實施本發明。雖然剛性殼較佳作為外部保護,疊層的鋁箔片或類似材料可被用作為外殼以供外殼氣密式密封。此因為藉著本發明,具有其進行外殼氣密式密封的外殼保護防止了電解質、氣體、與水分子的滲漏,即使外殼不是剛性殼。
本發明是使用下列實例來作揭示。
實例I
圖1(a)顯示具有15 Ah電極堆疊2的單元1,電極堆疊2具有電流收集片3被附接到電極箔片層4。在電極堆疊與電流收集片被連接之後,諸如:藉由將電極堆疊箔片層以點焊接或鉚接到電流收集片,如在圖1(b)、1(c)與1(d)所示的初始塑膠外罩5是用於將其具有電流收集片的電極堆疊封入。然後,適當量的電解質被添加到初始外罩5之內。接著在初始外罩上進行一個預先密封步驟,且單元為備妥以供之後所進行的初次充電。在除氣過程(即:用於去除在初次充電期間釋放的氣體)之後,在單元上進行初始外罩的氣密式密封以形成經氣密式密封的單元,如在圖1(b)、1(c)與1(d)所示。初始外罩是對於電流收集片以及諸如側邊的其他開口而密封,如在6所示。密封可為熱密封、黏著劑密封、或是其提供氣密式密封的任何其他適合密封。單元接著被連接到殼蓋7,如在圖1(e)所示。殼蓋是預先構成的構件,其具有正與負電流收集極9以及安全通氣孔10。殼蓋對於諸如水或氣體分子的分子物種為不可滲透。連接到殼蓋的氣密式密封單元接著被插入到外殼之中。接著在外殼8(其內部具有氣密式密封單元)與殼蓋之間進行外殼氣密式密封,如在圖1(f)的11所示。應注意的是,二個密封均經指定為氣密式密封。初始外罩5可為塑膠袋的形式,電流收集片3延伸通過初始外罩。外罩對金屬密封6是在圖1(b)與1(c)所顯示,其中,氣密式密封6是沿著各個電流收集片3的長度。實例1是關於稜柱狀單元所述。亦可使用圓柱狀單元,初始氣密式密封6是如在圖1(d)所示且電流收集片3被連接到電流收集極(未顯示)。
可用於初始氣密式密封的材料包括塑膠、或塑膠複合膜。塑膠複合膜可用多層來形成,其包括:聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚胺甲酸酯(PU)、尼龍、聚對酞酸乙二酯(PET)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)、聚甲醛(Delrin)、聚醯亞胺、聚丙烯酸、環氧樹脂、或已列出材料的組合。
實例II
如在圖2(a)所示,各具有在初始外罩5中的初始氣密式密封的二個15 Ah單元(其各者為如在圖1(b)所示)首先被連接到共同電流收集器12(一者為正電且另一者為負電)且在共同電流收集器12上被穩定化而作為一個單元組。單元組可為二或更多單元。接著在單元組上實施在第二外罩13中的第二氣密式密封,如在圖2(b)所示。密封14將第二外罩密封到共同電流收集器12。經第二氣密式密封的單元組接著被連接到外殼8的殼蓋7(類似於圖1(e))。具有初始外罩5與第二外罩13的密封單元組、以及殼蓋7接著被插入到外殼8之中。之後,在外殼與殼蓋之間實施外殼氣密式密封15,如在圖2(c)所示。在此實例中,電解質與氣體分子是由具有三個氣密式密封的三層材料所容納,其為:包括殼蓋7的外殼8、第二氣密式密封外罩13及初始氣密式密封外罩5。應注意的是,所有諸層材料均經指定為氣密式密封。在此實施例中,初始外罩5的氣密式密封應為如在圖1(b)所示,以便電流收集片3的長度為在初始外罩5之外而供連接到共同電流收集器12(如在圖2(a)所示)。
可用於初始氣密式密封的材料包括塑膠、或塑膠複合膜。塑膠複合膜可用多層來形成,其包括:聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚胺甲酸酯(PU)、尼龍、聚對酞酸乙二酯(PET)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)、聚甲醛(Delrin)、聚醯亞胺、聚丙烯酸、環氧樹脂、或已列出材料的組合。
實例III
如在圖3(a)所示,各具有初始氣密式密封5的五個10 Ah單元(其各者為如在圖1(b)所示)首先被連接到共同電流收集器12(一者為正電且另一者為負電)且在共同電流收集器12上被穩定化而作為一個單元組。單元組可為二或更多個單元。接著使用較佳形狀為袋或盒且具有一端開口的塑膠材料來作為第二外罩13以將先前備製的單元組封入。之後,在塑膠袋或盒13的頂部與殼蓋7之間實施第二氣密式密封,如在圖3(b)的16所示。最後,在外殼與殼蓋之間實施外殼氣密式密封,如在圖3(c)的15所示。在此實例中,透過蓋7對電極堆疊2提供二層的氣密式密封保護(蓋氣密式密封/第二密封層13、以及初始氣密式密封外罩層5),且透過外殼8提供三層的氣密式密封保護(在15的鋼製外殼/蓋氣密式密封層、第二氣密式密封塑膠袋或盒層13、以及初始氣密式密封外罩層5)。應注意的是,所有諸層材料均經指定為氣密式密封。由於在此實例中已經提供具有二個氣密式密封的至少二個耐用層材料,外殼8與蓋7的第三氣密式密封15可為較不嚴格。諸如在罐頭食品中可見者之一種習用而低成本的凸邊接縫密封方法可用於替代其典型為用於外殼密封15的高成本的雷射焊接。此外,還可使用凸邊接縫與在凸邊接縫中諸如環氧化物的填料之組合。
可用於初始氣密式密封的材料包括塑膠、或塑膠複合膜。塑膠複合膜可用多層來形成,其包括:聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚胺甲酸酯(PU)、尼龍、聚對酞酸乙二酯(PET)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)、聚甲醛(Delrin)、聚醯亞胺、聚丙烯酸、環氧樹脂、或已列出材料的組合。
在所有上述實例中,因為避免電流收集極9與電解質的直接接觸,歸因於存在初始外罩的氣密式密封,負電流收集極可為鋁製而非習用於負極為銅製。
1‧‧‧單元
2‧‧‧電極堆疊
3‧‧‧電流收集片
4‧‧‧箔片層
5‧‧‧初始外罩
6‧‧‧外罩對金屬密封
7‧‧‧殼蓋
8‧‧‧外殼
9‧‧‧電流收集極
10‧‧‧安全通氣孔
11‧‧‧外殼氣密式密封
12‧‧‧共同電流收集器
13‧‧‧第二外罩
14‧‧‧密封
15‧‧‧外殼氣密式密封
16‧‧‧第二氣密式密封
圖1(a)是一種鋰離子單元的立體圖,其具有電流收集片為經連接到電極堆疊箔片;
圖1(b)與1(c)分別為本發明的初始外罩的立體圖與俯視圖,其具有稜柱狀單元的電流收集片為延伸通過初始外罩,外罩對金屬氣密式密封為沿著電流收集片的長度;
圖1(d)是本發明的初始外罩的立體圖,其具有圓柱狀單元的電流收集片為延伸通過初始外罩,外罩對金屬氣密式密封為環繞電流收集片;
圖1(e)是圖1(c)所示的實施例的立體圖,其更具有電流收集片為經連接到共同電流收集器以及電流收集極為經定位在鋰離子電池的外殼的殼蓋中;
圖1(f)是圖1(e)所示的實施例的立體圖,其更具有殼蓋為經氣密式密封到鋰離子電池的外殼;
圖2(a)是圖1(c)所示型式的本發明的二個氣密式密封的初始外罩的立體圖,其更具有在初始外罩中的二個單元的電流收集片為經連接到共同電流收集器,以使該等單元為並聯連接;
圖2(b)是圖2(a)所示的實施例的立體圖,其更具有第二外罩為將二個初始外罩封入,外罩對金屬氣密式密封為環繞共同電流收集器;
圖2(c)是圖2(b)所示的實施例的立體圖,其更具有共同電流收集器為經連接到殼蓋的電流收集極,且殼蓋為經氣密式密封到電池的外殼;
圖3(a)是圖1(c)所示型式的本發明的五個氣密式密封的初始外罩的立體圖,其更具有五個單元的電流收集片為經連接到共同電流收集器,以使該等單元為並聯連接;圖3(b)是圖3(a)所示的實施例的立體圖,其更具有第二外罩為將五個初始外罩封入,第二外罩的氣密式密封是對殼蓋且共同電流收集器是經連接到殼蓋的電流收集極;且圖3(c)是圖3(b)所示的實施例的立體圖,其更具有殼蓋為經氣密式密封到電池的外殼。
3‧‧‧電流收集片
5‧‧‧初始外罩
7‧‧‧殼蓋
9‧‧‧電流收集極
10‧‧‧安全通氣孔
12‧‧‧共同電流收集器

Claims (22)

  1. 一種用於鋰離子電池的密封系統,其包含:至少一個鋰離子單元,其具有至少一個陽極、至少一個陰極、一連接到該至少一個陽極的陽極電流收集片、一連接到該至少一個陰極的陰極電流收集片、及一電解質;一第一外罩,其用於將各個鋰離子單元封入,該第一外罩將各個鋰離子單元氣密式密封以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該第一外罩處滲漏,該等電流收集片延伸通過該第一外罩;一外殼,其用於容納至少一個已封住的鋰離子單元;一殼蓋,其具有多個電流收集極,該殼蓋被氣密式密封到該外殼而形成一完全封住的外殼外罩,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該外殼外罩處滲漏;藉此,各個鋰離子電池具有兩個氣密式密封的外罩,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該鋰離子電池處滲漏。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之密封系統,其更包含:複數個鋰離子單元,其各者具有該第一外罩;一陽極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陽極電流收集片;一陰極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陰極電流收集片;及一第二外罩,其將所有具有該第一外罩的該複數個鋰離子單元氣密式密封,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子 從該第二外罩處滲漏,該等共同電流收集器延伸通過該第二外罩,藉此,各個鋰離子電池具有三個氣密式密封的外罩,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該鋰離子電池處滲漏。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之密封系統,其更包含:複數個鋰離子單元,其各者具有該第一外罩;一陽極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陽極電流收集片;一陰極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陰極電流收集片;及一第二外罩,其將所有具有該第一外罩的該複數個鋰離子單元氣密式密封,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該第二外罩處滲漏,該第二外罩的氣密式密封是對該殼蓋所作成。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項任一項之密封系統,其中各個外罩是由聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚胺甲酸酯(PU)、尼龍、聚對酞酸乙二酯(PET)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)、聚甲醛(Delrin)、聚醯亞胺、聚丙烯酸、環氧樹脂、或上述者的組合製成的薄膜所形成。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之密封系統,其中該第一外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該等電流收集片之處。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第2項之密封系統,其中:該第一外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在 該等電流收集片之處;且該第二外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該等共同電流收集器之處。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第3項之密封系統,其中:該第一外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該等電流收集片之處;且該第二外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該殼蓋之處。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第2項之密封系統,其更包含:一第三外罩,其將該第二外罩氣密式封入,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該第二外罩處滲漏,該等共同電流收集器延伸通過該第三外罩,藉此,各個鋰離子電池具有四個氣密式密封的外罩,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該鋰離子電池處滲漏。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第3項之密封系統,其更包含:一第三外罩,其將具有該第一外罩的該等複數個鋰離子單元氣密式封入,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該第二外罩處滲漏,該等共同電流收集器延伸通過該第三外罩,該第三外罩被氣密式密封在該第二外罩之內。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項之密封系統,其更包含:複數個鋰離子單元,其各者具有該第一外罩,其中具有該第一外罩的該等複數個鋰離子單元是經串聯連接。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1項之密封系統,其中該殼蓋是藉由一雷射焊接件、一凸邊接縫件、或一凸邊接縫件結合 在該凸邊接縫件中的填料而被氣密式密封到該外殼。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第1項之密封系統,其中該等電流收集極包括正與負電流收集極,且該負電流收集極是由鋁製成。
  13. 一種用於將鋰離子電池密封的方法,其包含:提供至少一個鋰離子單元,其具有至少一個陽極、至少一個陰極、一連接到該至少一個陽極的陽極電流收集片、一連接到該至少一個陰極的陰極電流收集片、及一電解質;將各個鋰離子單元氣密式封入於一第一外罩中,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該第一外罩處滲漏,該等電流收集片延伸通過該第一外罩;提供一外殼,其用於容納該至少一個鋰離子單元;提供一殼蓋,其具有多個電流收集極;且將具有該第一外罩的該至少一個鋰離子單元置放在該外殼中且將該殼蓋氣密式密封到該外殼,而形成一完全封住的外殼外罩以將各個已封住的鋰離子單元氣密式密封,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該外殼外罩處滲漏,藉此,各個鋰離子電池具有兩個氣密式密封的外罩,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該鋰離子電池處滲漏。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其更包含:提供複數個鋰離子單元,其各者具有該第一外罩;提供一陽極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陽 極電流收集片;提供一陰極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陰極電流收集片;且在將具有該第一外罩的該至少一個鋰離子單元置放在該外殼中之前,將所有具有該第一外罩的該複數個鋰離子單元氣密式密封在一第二外罩中,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該第二外罩處滲漏,該等共同電流收集器是從該第二外罩向外延伸,藉此,各個鋰離子電池具有三個氣密式密封的外罩,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該鋰離子電池處滲漏。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其更包含:提供複數個鋰離子單元,其各者具有該第一外罩;提供一陽極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陽極電流收集片;且提供一陰極共同電流收集器,其被連接到所有該等陰極電流收集片;在將具有該第一外罩的該至少一個鋰離子單元置放在該外殼中之前,將所有具有該第一外罩的該複數個鋰離子單元氣密式密封在一第二外罩中,以避免任何電解質、氣體和水分子從該第二外罩處滲漏,該第二外罩的氣密式密封是對該殼蓋所作成。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第13至15項任一項之方法,其中各個外罩是由聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚胺甲酸酯(PU)、尼龍、聚對酞酸乙二酯(PET)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯 (ABS)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)、聚甲醛(Delrin)、聚醯亞胺、聚丙烯酸、環氧樹脂、或上述者的組合製成的薄膜所形成。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其中該第一外罩是用熱密封或以一黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該等電流收集片之處。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第14項之方法,其中:該第一外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該等電流收集片之處;且該第二外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該等共同電流收集器之處。
  19. 如申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中:該第一外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該等電流收集片之處;且該第二外罩是用熱密封或以黏著劑而經氣密式密封在該殼蓋之處。
  20. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其更包含:提供複數個鋰離子單元,其各者具有該第一外罩且串聯連接該等複數個鋰離子單元。
  21. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其中該殼蓋是藉由下列方式而被氣密式密封到該外殼:雷射焊接、形成一凸邊接縫件、或形成一凸邊接縫件結合在該凸邊接縫件中的填料。
  22. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,在將各個鋰離子單元氣密式密封在該第一外罩中之前,其更包含: 將該第一外罩填滿該電解質;將該第一外罩閉合;對該鋰離子單元提供一第一充電;且將經閉合的該第一外罩中的氣除去。
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