TWI465807B - A backlight device and a liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
A backlight device and a liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- TWI465807B TWI465807B TW097149112A TW97149112A TWI465807B TW I465807 B TWI465807 B TW I465807B TW 097149112 A TW097149112 A TW 097149112A TW 97149112 A TW97149112 A TW 97149112A TW I465807 B TWI465807 B TW I465807B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133604—Direct backlight with lamps
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133609—Direct backlight including means for improving the color mixing, e.g. white
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133611—Direct backlight including means for improving the brightness uniformity
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Description
本發明是關於背光裝置及液晶顯示裝置,特別是關於低消耗電力且亮度高的背光裝置及液晶顯示裝置。The present invention relates to a backlight device and a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a backlight device and a liquid crystal display device which have low power consumption and high luminance.
在液晶顯示裝置等顯示裝置中,為了求得高亮度、低成本、低消耗電力、高色彩再現性等特性,係提出種種改善前述特性的方案。In a display device such as a liquid crystal display device, in order to obtain characteristics such as high luminance, low cost, low power consumption, and high color reproducibility, various proposals have been made to improve the above characteristics.
在液晶面板中用以供給光的背光裝置,大多使用封入螢光體的螢光燈管作為光源。如此的螢光燈管,習知除了使用已知之藍色及綠色亮線外,再加上紅色亮線的波長611奈米附近亮線的冷陰極燈管(以下簡稱3CCFL)外,在展開色彩再現範圍之目的下,也有使用具有添加紅色亮線或波長658奈米附近亮線的冷陰極燈管(以下分別簡稱「長波長3CCFL」、「4CCFL」)以代替其紅色亮線。In a backlight device for supplying light in a liquid crystal panel, a fluorescent tube in which a phosphor is enclosed is often used as a light source. Such a fluorescent tube, in addition to the use of the known blue and green bright lines, plus the red bright line of the bright cathode tube near the wavelength of 611 nm (hereinafter referred to as 3CCFL), in the expansion color For the purpose of the reproduction range, a cold cathode lamp (hereinafter referred to as "long wavelength 3CCFL" or "4CCFL") having a red bright line or a bright line near the wavelength of 658 nm is used instead of the red bright line.
然而,一般而言,冷陰極燈管紅色亮線的亮度較弱,特別是上述長波長3CCFL及4CCFL更有紅色亮線亮度特別弱的問題。更甚之,為取得白平衡,必須抑制藍及綠波長成分光強度以配合紅色光強度。經由上述,由於全體光利用效率變低且亮度也變弱,故為了要提升亮度,不可避免地有需提升電力的問題。However, in general, the brightness of the red bright line of the cold cathode lamp is weak, especially the long wavelength 3CCFL and 4CCFL have the problem that the brightness of the red bright line is particularly weak. Moreover, in order to achieve white balance, it is necessary to suppress the light intensity of the blue and green wavelength components to match the red light intensity. As described above, since the overall light use efficiency is lowered and the brightness is also weakened, in order to increase the brightness, there is a problem that power needs to be increased inevitably.
為解決前述問題,例如在日本專利特開2007-52398號公報中,記載在冷陰極管中組合作為紅色光源的LED。然而,在前述結構下,因為冷陰極管和LED的溫度特性和劣化特性等不同,導致各自的發光特性會隨時間變化而有不同。因此,製造時為良好的白平衡會隨著時間的經過而產生崩壞的問題。另外,也會產生裝置結構變複雜的問題。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, for example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2007-52398 discloses that an LED as a red light source is combined in a cold cathode tube. However, under the foregoing structure, since the temperature characteristics and deterioration characteristics of the cold cathode tube and the LED are different, the respective light-emitting characteristics may vary with time. Therefore, a good white balance at the time of manufacture may cause collapse due to the passage of time. In addition, there is also a problem that the structure of the device becomes complicated.
本發明目的是提供一種亮度高、白平衡良好的液晶顯示裝置及給予至此液晶顯示裝置的背光裝置。An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having high luminance and good white balance and a backlight device to which the liquid crystal display device is applied.
為解決上述問題,深入研究的結果是本發明者發現背光裝置中,藉由設置可選擇性穿過對應位於前述紅色亮線的特定波長區域中之圓偏振光的選擇反射元件,即可不用提高消耗電力而能提高亮度,至此完成本發明。In order to solve the above problems, as a result of intensive research, the inventors have found that in a backlight device, by providing a selective reflection element that can selectively pass circularly polarized light corresponding to a specific wavelength region located in the aforementioned red bright line, it is not necessary to improve The present invention has been completed by consuming electric power to increase the brightness.
亦即,依據本發明係提供下述結構。That is, according to the present invention, the following structure is provided.
(1)一種背光裝置具有含於400奈米以上且不足600奈米波長帶域中一個以上的發光區域及於600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域中一個以上的發光區域等的光源,以及設於前述光源出光面側的選擇反射元件,其特徵在於前述選擇反射元件之選擇反射波長帶域包含前述於600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域的發光區域至少一部分。(1) A backlight device having one or more light-emitting regions in a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm, and one or more light-emitting regions in a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less. And a selective reflection element provided on the light-emitting surface side of the light source, wherein the selective reflection wavelength band of the selective reflection element includes at least a part of the light-emitting region of the wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less.
(2)前述背光裝置中,前述光源具有作為前述發光區域之在640奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域中一個以上的長波長側紅色亮線,前述選擇反射元件之前述選擇反射帶域包括前述長波長側紅色亮線至少一個峰值波長。(2) In the backlight device, the light source has one or more long-wavelength side red bright lines in a wavelength band of 640 nm or more and 700 nm or less as the light-emitting region, and the selective reflection band of the selective reflection element Including the aforementioned long wavelength side red bright line at least one peak wavelength.
(3)前述背光裝置中,前述光源具有作為前述發光區域之在600奈米以上且不足640奈米波長帶域中一個以上的短波長側紅色亮線,前述選擇反射元件之前述選擇反射帶域包括前述短波長側紅色亮線至少一個峰值波長。(3) In the backlight device, the light source has one or more short-wavelength side red bright lines in a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and less than 640 nm as the light-emitting region, and the selective reflection band of the selective reflection element The aforementioned short-wavelength side red bright line includes at least one peak wavelength.
(4)前述背光裝置中,前述選擇反射元件在400奈米以上且不足600奈米波長帶域中實質沒有選擇反射帶域。(4) In the backlight device described above, the selective reflection element has substantially no reflection band selected in a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm.
(5)前述背光裝置中,前述光源包含冷陰極管或發光二極管。(5) In the backlight device described above, the light source includes a cold cathode tube or a light emitting diode.
(6)一種液晶顯示裝置具有前述背光裝置及液晶面板。(6) A liquid crystal display device comprising the backlight device described above and a liquid crystal panel.
本發明背光裝置為消耗電力低、亮度高者,特別是比通常背光裝置中所不足之紅色區域亮度還高。因此,具有本發明的液晶顯示裝置可以為消耗電力低、亮度高、白平衡良好的液晶顯示裝置。The backlight device of the present invention has low power consumption and high brightness, and is particularly high in brightness in a red area which is insufficient in a conventional backlight device. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device having the present invention can be a liquid crystal display device having low power consumption, high luminance, and good white balance.
本發明背光裝置具有特定光源及特定選擇反射元件。前述選擇反射元件在背光裝置中,是設於前述光源出光面側。本發明背光裝置更可任意包括反射板、光擴散板等其他結構要素。The backlight device of the present invention has a specific light source and a specific selective reflective element. The selective reflection element is provided on the light-emitting surface side of the light source in the backlight device. The backlight device of the present invention may optionally include other structural elements such as a reflecting plate and a light diffusing plate.
本發明中光源可以是冷陰極管、熱陰極管、發光二極管、或前述結構的組合,尤其是較佳包括冷陰極管或發光二極管。The light source in the present invention may be a cold cathode tube, a hot cathode tube, a light emitting diode, or a combination of the foregoing structures, and particularly preferably includes a cold cathode tube or a light emitting diode.
使用發光二極管(LED)作為光源的情形下,各LED結構例如是(I)僅由白色LED所構成、(II)由RGB三原色組合所構成、以及(III)在RGB三原色中組合中間色所構成。還有,使用組合RGB三原色而得之結構((II)及(III))時,為(i)紅色LED、綠色LED與藍色LED中至少各一個為鄰近配置,發光出混合各色之白色的結構,以及(ii)適當配置紅色LED、綠色LED及藍色LED、各色LED使用在時間分割下發色之場順序法進行彩色顯示的結構。In the case of using a light-emitting diode (LED) as a light source, each of the LED structures is composed of, for example, (I) composed of only white LEDs, (II) composed of RGB three primary colors, and (III) intermediate color combinations of RGB three primary colors. Further, when the structure ((II) and (III)) obtained by combining the three primary colors of RGB is used, at least one of the (i) red LED, the green LED, and the blue LED is disposed adjacent to each other, and the white color of the mixed colors is emitted. The structure and (ii) a configuration in which a red LED, a green LED, and a blue LED are appropriately arranged, and each color LED is color-displayed using a field sequential method of color development under time division.
本發明中,光源含於400奈米以上且不足600奈米波長帶域中一個以上的發光區域及於600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域中一個以上的發光區域。在此,發光區域是指在觀測發光光譜之情形下,被認為有發光的波長帶域。在此,光源也可以是多種類的光源組合而得之情形時,前述特定發光區域也可以作為組合後全光源光譜中的發光區域。例如是上述中具有以多種類發光二極管作為光源之情形下,也可以是其中一種具有於400奈米以上且不足600奈米波長帶域的發光區域及於600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域的發光區域中之其中一種發光區域,而另一種則具有另一種發光區域之情形。In the present invention, the light source includes one or more light-emitting regions in a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm, and one or more light-emitting regions in a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less. Here, the light-emitting region refers to a wavelength band which is considered to have light emission in the case where the light-emitting spectrum is observed. Here, when the light source may be a combination of a plurality of types of light sources, the specific light-emitting region may be used as a light-emitting region in the combined full light source spectrum. For example, in the case where a plurality of types of light-emitting diodes are used as the light source, one of them may have a light-emitting region having a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm and a wavelength of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less. One of the light-emitting regions of the domain has one of the light-emitting regions, and the other has another light-emitting region.
較佳是光源分別在400奈米以上且不足600奈米波長帶域及在600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域各自的發光區域中具有一個以上亮線。例如光源具有在600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域的亮線,較佳是在640奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域的一個以上亮線(以下簡稱「長波長側紅色亮線」)。更佳是具有除了前述長波長側紅色亮線外,再加上在600奈米以上且不足640奈米波長帶域的一個以上亮線(以下簡稱「短波長側紅色亮線」)。Preferably, the light source has more than one bright line in each of the light-emitting regions of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm and in the respective wavelength bands of 600 nm or less and 700 nm or less. For example, the light source has a bright line having a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less, preferably one or more bright lines of a wavelength band of 640 nm or more and 700 nm or less (hereinafter referred to as "long wavelength side red light" line"). More preferably, one or more bright lines (hereinafter referred to as "short-wavelength side red bright lines") having a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and less than 640 nm are provided in addition to the long-wavelength red bright line.
前述長波長側紅色亮線及短波長側紅色亮線,具體而言例如是各峰值波長為約650奈米以上、668奈米以下及約606奈米以上618奈米以下範圍內亮線。The long-wavelength side red bright line and the short-wavelength side red bright line are, for example, bright lines having a peak wavelength of about 650 nm or more, 668 nm or less, and about 606 nm or more and 618 nm or less.
另一方面,作為400奈米以上且不足600奈米波長帶域一個以上亮線,光源可以具有例如是峰值波長約430奈米以上且500奈米以下範圍的藍色亮線及峰值波長約540奈米的綠色亮線。On the other hand, as one or more bright lines having a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm, the light source may have, for example, a blue bright line having a peak wavelength of about 430 nm or more and a range of 500 nm or less and a peak wavelength of about 540. The green light of the nano.
上述光源發光光譜具體實例如第3圖及第4圖所示。第3圖及第4圖中例示較佳是具有峰值波長約430奈米以上且500奈米以下範圍藍色亮線、峰值波長約540奈米綠色亮線及峰值波長約611奈米紅色亮線的3CCFL,以及進一步具有峰值波長約658奈米紅色亮線的4CCFL光譜。除上述實例,另可舉出一較佳例,係作為紅色亮線僅具有峰值波長658奈米亮線的長波長3CCFL。Specific examples of the above-described light source luminescence spectrum are shown in Figs. 3 and 4. 3 and 4 are preferably blue bright lines having a peak wavelength of about 430 nm or more and 500 nm or less, green light lines having a peak wavelength of about 540 nm, and a peak wavelength of about 611 nm red bright lines. The 3CCFL, as well as the 4CCFL spectrum further having a red peak with a peak wavelength of approximately 658 nm. In addition to the above examples, a preferred example is shown as a long wavelength 3CCFL having only a peak wavelength of 658 nm as a red bright line.
在上述具有藍色、綠色及紅色亮線的冷陰極管中,紅色亮線亮度比其他色亮線亮度還低,為了提升紅色亮線亮度,必須大幅提高消耗電力。而依據本發明,使用於前述冷陰極管時,也可以構成低消耗電力下色平衡良好的背光裝置。In the above-mentioned cold cathode tube having blue, green and red bright lines, the brightness of the red bright line is lower than that of the other bright lines, and in order to increase the brightness of the red bright line, the power consumption must be greatly increased. According to the present invention, when the cold cathode tube is used, a backlight device having a good color balance with low power consumption can be constructed.
前述具有特定亮線的光源,具體實例是具有紅色發光YOX(Y2 O3 :Eu3+ )、綠色發光LAP(LaPO4 :Tb3+ 、Ce3+ )、藍色發光BAM(Ba2 Al16 O27 :Eu2+ )等希土類螢光體的冷陰極管。The foregoing light source having a specific bright line, a specific example is a red light emitting YOX (Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ ), a green light emitting LAP (LaPO 4 :Tb 3+ , Ce 3+ ), and a blue light emitting BAM (Ba 2 Al 16 O 27 :Eu 2+ ) is a cold cathode tube of a rare earth phosphor.
在本發明中,選擇反射元件的選擇反射,是元件具有可透過特定偏光並反射除此特定偏光之外的光至少一部份的特性,選擇反射帶域在特定元件中是指可以引起此種選擇反射的波長帶域。選擇反射帶域可以利用分光光度計(例如是日本分光社製JASCO V-550)測量選擇反射元件反射光譜,並將反射率超過20%的帶域稱為選擇反射帶域。In the present invention, the selective reflection of the reflective element is selected such that the element has a characteristic that transmits a specific polarized light and reflects at least a portion of the light other than the specific polarized light. Selecting the reflective band in the specific element means that the element can cause such a Select the wavelength band of the reflection. The reflection band can be selected by using a spectrophotometer (for example, JASCO V-550 manufactured by JASCO Corporation) to measure the reflection spectrum of the selective reflection element, and the band having a reflectance exceeding 20% is referred to as a selective reflection band.
在本發明中,選擇反射元件的選擇反射帶域包括光源600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域中發光區域至少一部份。選擇反射帶域較佳是包括光源600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域中亮線半值寬區域至少一部份,更佳是包括亮線峰值波長,最佳是包括半值寬區域全部。In the present invention, the selective reflection band of the selective reflection element includes at least a portion of the light-emitting region in the wavelength band of the light source of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less. Preferably, the selection of the reflection band includes at least a portion of the half-value width region of the bright line in the wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less, and more preferably includes a peak wavelength of the bright line, and preferably includes a half-value width region. All.
還有,光源在600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域中具有多個發光區域時,選擇反射元件的選擇反射帶域至少對前述多個發光區域中的1個,較佳是全部有上述關係。更佳是選擇反射元件在600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域全體有選擇反射帶域。Further, when the light source has a plurality of light-emitting regions in a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less, the selective reflection band of the selective reflection element is at least one of the plurality of light-emitting regions, preferably all of The above relationship. More preferably, the reflective element is selected to have a selective reflection band in the wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less.
請參照第4圖所示發光光譜實例進行具體的說明。例如,在如第4圖所示之3CCFL情形時,具有作為有最大亮度亮線的峰值波長約611奈米亮線。選擇反射元件的選擇反射帶域較佳是包括此亮線半值寬波長約610奈米以上且612奈米以下區域至少一部分,更佳是包括峰值波長約610奈米、最佳是包括600奈米以上且612奈米以下區域全部。還有,如第4圖所示4CCFL之情形下,除了峰值波長約611奈米亮線以外,另具有含作為第2亮度亮線、峰值波長約658奈米的半值寬區域648奈米以上且665奈米以下亮線。選擇反射元件的選擇反射帶域可以包括前述2個亮線中一個,較佳是二者,較佳是包括亮線半值寬區域至少一部分,更佳是包括峰值波長,最佳是包括半值寬區域的全部。Please refer to the example of the luminescence spectrum shown in Fig. 4 for specific explanation. For example, in the case of 3CCFL as shown in Fig. 4, it has a peak wavelength of about 611 nm as a bright line having the maximum luminance. The selective reflection band of the selective reflection element preferably comprises at least a portion of the bright line half value wide wavelength of about 610 nm or more and 612 nm or less, more preferably a peak wavelength of about 610 nm, and preferably 600 nm. All of the areas above the meter and below 612 nm. Further, in the case of the 4CCFL shown in Fig. 4, in addition to the peak wavelength of about 611 nm, there is a half-value wide region of 648 nm or more as the second luminance bright line and a peak wavelength of about 658 nm. And the bright line below 665 nm. The selective reflection band of the selective reflective element may comprise one of the aforementioned two bright lines, preferably both, preferably comprising at least a portion of the bright line half value wide region, more preferably comprising a peak wavelength, preferably comprising a half value. All of the wide area.
在本發明中,選擇反射元件在600奈米以上且700奈米以下波長帶域以外的波長帶域的選擇反射特性並未特別限定,可以在400奈米以上且不足600奈米波長帶域中,不具有實質的選擇反射帶域。在本發明中,「不具有實質的選擇反射帶域」是指以分光光度計測量選擇反射元件反射光譜之同時,在前述帶域內反射率為20%以下。具體而言,在400奈米以上且不足600奈米的波長帶域中,以分光光度計測量反射光譜之同時,在前述帶域內反射率未超過20%之情形時,即為不具有實質的選擇反射帶域。具有前述特性的選擇反射元件,可以在後述膽固醇液晶組成物中,是藉由適度調整液晶性化合物、對掌劑等成分而得。In the present invention, the selective reflection characteristic of the wavelength band outside the wavelength band of the selective reflection element of 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less is not particularly limited, and may be in a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm. Does not have a substantial selective reflection band. In the present invention, "there is no substantial selective reflection band" means that the reflection spectrum of the selective reflection element is measured by a spectrophotometer, and the reflectance in the band is 20% or less. Specifically, in the wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm, when the reflection spectrum is measured by a spectrophotometer, when the reflectance in the band does not exceed 20%, it is not essential. The choice of reflection bands. The selective reflection element having the above-described characteristics can be obtained by appropriately adjusting a component such as a liquid crystal compound or a palm powder in a cholesteric liquid crystal composition to be described later.
在本發明中,選擇反射元件可以為僅由1個元件所構成者,也可以是多個元件組合而成之層積體,其中層積體全體具有上述選擇反射帶域。In the present invention, the selective reflection element may be composed of only one element, or a laminate in which a plurality of elements are combined, wherein the entire laminated body has the selective reflection band.
本發明所使用之選擇反射元件只要具有上述選擇反射帶域,不限制使用哪種材質的結構,也不限制以哪種原理的選擇反射。較佳的選擇反射元件實例是包括圓偏振光分離薄板的結構,或包括組合前述圓偏振光分離薄板與相位差薄膜。The selective reflection element used in the present invention does not limit the structure of which material is used as long as it has the selective reflection band, and does not limit the selective reflection by which principle. An example of a preferred selective reflection element is a structure including a circularly polarized light separating sheet, or a combination of the aforementioned circularly polarized light separating sheet and a retardation film.
選擇反射元件具有圓偏振光分離薄板,但不具有相位差薄膜的情形下,此選擇反射元件在選擇反射帶域中,僅特定圓偏振光通過並反射其他光(其他圓偏振光、直線偏光等)。另一方面、選擇反射元件為具有圓偏振光分離薄板及相位差薄膜的層積體。此種選擇反射元件配置在圓偏振光分離薄板之光源側、相位差薄膜的出射面側之情形下,選擇反射帶域中所射出的光係特定圓偏振光轉換成直線偏光的光。被反射的光反射至背光裝置內,再入射至選擇反射元件之際,射出特定圓偏振光。在本發明背光裝置中,藉由進行此選擇的反射,以於選擇反射帶域中射出高亮度特定偏光,並供給給液晶面板,結果是可以提高液晶顯示裝置亮度。In the case where the selective reflection element has a circularly polarized light separating sheet, but does not have a phase difference film, the selective reflection element transmits only the circularly polarized light and reflects other light in the selective reflection band (other circularly polarized light, linearly polarized light, etc.) ). On the other hand, the selective reflection element is a laminate having a circularly polarized light separating sheet and a retardation film. When such a selective reflection element is disposed on the light source side of the circularly polarized light separating sheet and the exit surface side of the retardation film, light of a specific circularly polarized light emitted from the reflection band is converted into linearly polarized light. The reflected light is reflected into the backlight device, and when incident on the selective reflection element, a specific circularly polarized light is emitted. In the backlight device of the present invention, by performing the selective reflection, a high-brightness specific polarized light is emitted in the selective reflection band and supplied to the liquid crystal panel, with the result that the brightness of the liquid crystal display device can be improved.
前述圓偏振光分離薄板之實例,例如可以於透明樹脂基材上塗佈呈膽固醇液晶相組成物(亦即膽固醇液晶組成物)而得之膽固醇樹脂層。接著,進行至少1次藉由光照射及/或加溫處理而硬化成圓偏振光分離薄板即得到。In the example of the circularly polarized light separating sheet, for example, a cholesterol resin layer obtained by coating a cholesteric liquid crystal phase composition (that is, a cholesteric liquid crystal composition) on a transparent resin substrate can be applied. Next, it is obtained by hardening a circularly polarized light separation sheet by light irradiation and/or warming treatment at least once.
前述膽固醇液晶組成物可以是棒狀液晶性化合物,可以是使用該棒狀液晶性化合物本身,或與其他物質共同硬化等而成的組成物。具體實例是Δn為0.18以上,1分子中,具有至少2個以上反應性基的棒狀液晶化合物。The cholesteric liquid crystal composition may be a rod-like liquid crystal compound, and may be a composition obtained by using the rod-like liquid crystal compound itself or curing together with other substances. Specific examples are rod-like liquid crystal compounds having Δn of 0.18 or more and having at least two or more reactive groups in one molecule.
更具體而言,前述棒狀液晶性化合物可以是如式(1)所示之化合物。More specifically, the rod-like liquid crystalline compound may be a compound represented by the formula (1).
R3 -C3 -D3 -C5 -M-C6 -D4 -C4 -R4 式(1)R 3 -C 3 -D 3 -C 5 -MC 6 -D 4 -C 4 -R 4 Formula (1)
(式中、R3 及R4 是反應性基,從分別獨立之(間)丙烯酸基、(硫代)環氧基、氧雜環丁烷基、丙醯硫基、氮雜環丙烷基、吡咯基、乙烯基基、烯丙基、富馬酸鹽基、桂皮醯基、噁唑咻基、含巰基、異(硫代)氰酸酯基、胺基、羥基、羧基、及烷氧基甲矽烷基所組成之族群中進行選擇。D3 及D4 是單鍵結合、從碳原子數1~20個直鏈狀或分岐鏈狀烷基以及碳原子數1~20個直鏈狀或分岐鏈狀烯烴過氧化物所組成之族群進行選擇。C3 ~C6 是單鍵結合,是表示從-O-、-S-、-S-S-、-CO-、-CS-、-OCO-、-CH2 -、-OCH2 -、-CH=N-N=CH-、-NHCO-、-OCOO-、-CH2 COO-、及-CH2 OCO-所組成之族群中選擇基。M是表示間相原基,具體實例是可以具有非置換或置換基之從甲亞胺類、氧化偶氮基類、苯基類、二苯基類、聯三苯類、萘類、蔥類、苯(甲)酸酯類、環己烷羧酸苯酯類、氰基苯環己烷類、氰置換苯基嘧啶類、烷氧基置換苯基嘧啶類、苯基二氧陸圜類、二苯(基)乙炔類、脂烯基環己基苯甲腈類所組成之群組中選擇2至4個骨架,以-O-、-S-、-S-S-、-CO-、-CS-、-OCO-、-CH2 -、-OCH2 -、-CH=N-N=CH-、-NHCO-、-OCOO-、-CH2 COO-、及-CH2 OCO-等結合基鍵結而形成。)(wherein R 3 and R 4 are reactive groups, and are independently a (meth)acrylic group, a (thio) epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, a propylthio group, an aziridine group, Pyrrolyl, vinyl, allyl, fumarate, cinnamyl, oxazolyl, sulfhydryl, iso(thio)cyanate, amine, hydroxy, carboxyl, and alkoxy Selecting a group consisting of a germyl group. D 3 and D 4 are a single bond, a linear or branched chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a linear or branched carbon number of 1 to 20 or The group consisting of bifurcated chain olefin peroxides is selected. C 3 - C 6 are single bond combinations, which means from -O-, -S-, -SS-, -CO-, -CS-, -OCO- a group selected from the group consisting of -CH 2 -, -OCH 2 -, -CH=NN=CH-, -NHCO-, -OCOO-, -CH 2 COO-, and -CH 2 OCO-. M is a representation The mesophase primordium, a specific example may be a non-substituted or substituted group from a carbamide, an azo group, a phenyl group, a diphenyl group, a terphenyl, a naphthalene, an onion, a benzene (a) Acid esters, phenyl cyclohexane carboxylates, cyanobenzene cyclohexanes, cyanide substituted phenyl 2 to 4 skeletons are selected from the group consisting of pyrimidines, alkoxy-substituted phenylpyrimidines, phenyldioxanthenes, diphenyl(acetyl)acetylenes, and aliphatic alkenylcyclohexylbenzonitriles. Taking -O-, -S-, -SS-, -CO-, -CS-, -OCO-, -CH 2 -, -OCH 2 -, -CH=NN=CH-, -NHCO-, -OCOO- , -CH 2 COO-, and -CH 2 OCO- and other bonding groups are bonded to form.)
前述間相原基M所具有之置換基例如是鹵素原子、具有置換基之碳數1~10的烷基、氰基、硝基、-O-R5 、-O-C(=O)-R5 、-C(=O)-O-R5 、-O-C(=O)-O-R5 、-NR5 -C(=O)-R5 、-C(=O)-NR5 R7 、或-O-C(=O)-NR5 R7 。在此,R5 及R7 是表示氫原子或碳數1~10的烷基,有烷基之情形下,於此烷基中也可以經由-O-、-S-、-O-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-O-、-NR6 -C(=O)-、-C(=O)-NR6 -、-NR6 -、或-C(=O)-而成(但是,排除-O-及-S-經由各2個以上鄰接的情形。)。在此,R6 表示氫原子或碳數1~6烷基。前述「置換基也可具有碳數1~10個烷基」中的置換基例如是鹵素原子、羥基、羧基、氰基、胺基、碳原子數1~6個的烷氧基、碳原子數2~8個的烷氧基烷氧基、碳原子數3~15個的烷氧基烷氧基烷氧基、碳原子數2~7個烷氧基羰基、碳原子數2~7個的烷基羰醯氧基、碳原子數2~7個烷氧基羰醯氧基等。The substituent group of the mesophase primordium M is, for example, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms having a substituent group, a cyano group, a nitro group, -OR 5 , -OC(=O)-R 5 , -C (=O)-OR 5 , -OC(=O)-OR 5 , -NR 5 -C(=O)-R 5 , -C(=O)-NR 5 R 7 , or -OC(=O) -NR 5 R 7 . Here, R 5 and R 7 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. When an alkyl group is present, the alkyl group may also be via -O-, -S-, or -OC(=O). )-, -C(=O)-O-, -OC(=O)-O-, -NR 6 -C(=O)-, -C(=O)-NR 6 -, -NR 6 -, Or -C(=O)- is formed (however, the case where -O- and -S- are adjacent to each other by two or more are excluded). Here, R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6 alkyl group. The substituent in the above "the substituent group may have a carbon number of 1 to 10 alkyl groups" is, for example, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group, an amine group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a carbon number. 2 to 8 alkoxyalkoxy groups, alkoxyalkoxy alkoxy groups having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, 2 to 7 alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, or 2 to 7 carbon atoms An alkylcarbonyloxy group, a C 2 to 7 alkoxycarbonyloxy group, or the like.
在本發明中,前述棒狀液晶性化合物較佳是非對稱結構。在此,非對稱結構是指一般式(1)中、以間相原基M為中心之R3 -C3 -D3 -C5 -與-C6 -D4 -C4 -R4 相異的結構。前述棒狀液晶性化合物藉由使用非對稱結構,故可以提高配向均一性。In the present invention, the rod-like liquid crystalline compound is preferably an asymmetrical structure. Here, the asymmetric structure means that R 3 -C 3 -D 3 -C 5 - which is centered on the mesophase primordium M in the general formula (1) is different from -C 6 -D 4 -C 4 -R 4 Structure. Since the rod-like liquid crystalline compound has an asymmetric structure, alignment uniformity can be improved.
在本發明中,前述棒狀液晶性化合物之Δn值較佳是0.18以上,更佳是0.22以上。使用Δn值為0.30以上化合物時,紫外線吸收光譜長波長側的吸收端有時會有及於可見域之情形,但只要前述光譜吸收端即使及於可見域,對所既定之光學的性能也不會產生不良影響,就可以使用。藉由此高Δn值方式,即可提供具有高光學的性能(例如圓偏振光分離特性)之圓偏振光分離薄板。In the present invention, the Δn value of the rod-like liquid crystal compound is preferably 0.18 or more, more preferably 0.22 or more. When a compound having a Δn value of 0.30 or more is used, the absorption end on the long wavelength side of the ultraviolet absorption spectrum sometimes may be in the visible region, but as long as the aforementioned spectral absorption end is in the visible region, the optical properties are not determined. It can have an adverse effect and can be used. By means of this high Δn value, a circularly polarized light separating sheet having high optical performance (for example, circularly polarized light separating characteristics) can be provided.
在本發明中,前述棒狀液晶性化合物較佳是1分子中具有至少2個以上反應性基。前述反應性基具體實例是環氧基、硫代環氧基、氧雜環丁烷基、丙醯硫基、氮雜環丙烷基、吡咯基、富馬酸鹽基、桂皮醯基、異氰酸酯基、異硫代氰酸酯基、胺基、羥基、羧基、烷氧基甲矽烷基、噁唑咻基、含巰基、乙烯基、烯丙基、甲基丙烯基及丙烯基。藉由具有前述反應性基,即可在膽固醇液晶組成物硬化之際,得到安定的硬化物。In the present invention, the rod-like liquid crystal compound preferably has at least two or more reactive groups in one molecule. Specific examples of the aforementioned reactive group are an epoxy group, a thioepoxy group, an oxetanyl group, a propylsulfonyl group, an aziridine group, a pyrrolyl group, a fumarate group, a cinnamyl group, an isocyanate group. , isothiocyanate group, amine group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, alkoxymethyl group, oxazolidine group, fluorenyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, methacryl group and propylene group. By having the aforementioned reactive group, a stable cured product can be obtained when the cholesteric liquid crystal composition is hardened.
本發明中,膽固醇液晶組成物為了提高硬化後膜強度及耐久性,也可以包括任意的架橋劑。前述架橋劑,只要係與塗佈了液晶組成物之液晶層硬化時同時反應,或在硬化後可以進行熱處理促進反應,或藉由濕氣進行自然反應,以提高液晶層架橋密度,且不會使配向均一性惡化的材質,皆可選用,較佳是使用紫外線、熱、濕氣等進行硬化。架橋劑具體實例是三羥甲基丙烷三(間)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(間)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(間)丙烯酸酯、雙季戊四醇六(間)丙烯酸酯、2-(2-乙烯氧基乙氧基)丙烯酸乙酯等多官能丙烯酸酯化合物;環氧丙基(間)丙烯酸酯、乙二醇二環氧丙基醚、甘油三環氧丙基醚、季戊四醇四環氧丙基醚等環氧化合物;2,2-雙羥基甲基丁醇-三[3-(1-次乙亞胺基)丙酸]、4,4-雙(乙烯亞氨基羰氨基)二苯基甲烷、三羥甲基丙烷三-β-次乙亞胺基丙酸等氮雜環丙烷化合物;己二異氰酸酯、從己二異氰酸酯衍生之異氰尿酸酯型異氰酸酯、雙縮尿型異氰酸酯、加成型異氰酸酯等異氰酸酯化合物;側鏈有噁唑咻基的聚噁唑咻化合物;乙烯三甲氧基矽烷、N-(2-胺乙基)-3-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-環氧丙氧基胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-(間)丙烯醯氧基胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-(1,3-二甲基亞丁基)-3-(三乙氧基甲矽烷基)-1-丙烷胺等烷氧基矽烷化合物。還有,可以使用對應前述架橋劑反應性的公知触媒,除了可以提升膜強度或耐久性,還能進而提升生產性。In the present invention, the cholesteric liquid crystal composition may include any bridging agent in order to improve film strength and durability after curing. The bridging agent may be simultaneously reacted with the liquid crystal layer coated with the liquid crystal composition, or may be subjected to heat treatment to promote the reaction after hardening, or may be naturally reacted by moisture to increase the density of the liquid crystal layer bridging, and Materials which deteriorate the alignment uniformity are optional, and it is preferred to use ultraviolet rays, heat, moisture, or the like for hardening. Specific examples of bridging agents are trimethylolpropane tri() acrylate, pentaerythritol tri() acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra() acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth) acrylate, 2-(2-vinyloxy). Polyfunctional acrylate compound such as ethoxy)ethyl acrylate; epoxy propyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol diepoxypropyl ether, glycerol triepoxypropyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraepoxypropyl ether, etc. Epoxy compound; 2,2-bishydroxymethylbutanol-tris[3-(1-ethylimino)propionic acid], 4,4-bis(ethyleneiminocarbonylamino)diphenylmethane, three Aziridine compound such as methylolpropane tris-β-ethyliminopropionic acid; hexamethylene diisocyanate, isocyanurate type isocyanate derived from hexamethylene diisocyanate, diuretic isocyanate, addition isocyanate, etc. Isocyanate compound; polyoxazolium compound with oxazolidine group in the side chain; ethylene trimethoxy decane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxy decane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxy Baseline, 3-glycidoxypropylpropyltrimethoxydecane, 3-(m-)propenyloxypropylpropyltrimethoxydecane, N-(1,3- Methylbutylidene) -3- (triethoxysilyl silicon alkyl) -1-propane amine, alkyl alkoxy silicon compound. Further, a known catalyst corresponding to the reactivity of the above-mentioned bridging agent can be used, and in addition to improving the film strength or durability, productivity can be further improved.
前述架橋劑配合比例是在硬化膽固醇液晶組成物而得之硬化膜中,較佳是使用0.1~15重量%的架橋劑。該架橋劑配合比例比0.1重量%還少時,得不到提升架橋密度的效果,反過來說,比15重量%還多時,膽固醇樹脂層的安定性會降低而不佳。The bridging agent blending ratio is preferably a hardening film obtained by hardening a cholesteric liquid crystal composition, and preferably 0.1 to 15% by weight of a bridging agent is used. When the proportion of the bridging agent is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of increasing the bridging density is not obtained. Conversely, when the ratio of the bridging agent is more than 15% by weight, the stability of the cholesterol resin layer may be lowered.
本發明中,膽固醇液晶組成物可以任意地含有光起始劑。前述光起始劑可以使用藉由紫外線或可見光線發生自由基或酸的公知化合物。具體而言,例如是安息香、苯甲基甲基酮縮醇、二苯甲酮、丁二酮、乙醯苯、米其勒酮、苯甲基、苯甲基異丁基醚、一(二)硫化四甲基秋蘭姆、2,2-偶氮二異丁腈、2,2-偶氮二-2,4-二甲基戊腈、苯甲醯過氧化物、二-特丁基過氧化物、1-羥基環己基苯基酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基-丙烷-1-酮、1-(4-異丙基苯基)-2-羥基-2-甲基丙烷-1-酮、塞吨酮、2-氯塞吨酮、2-甲基塞吨酮、2,4-二乙基塞吨酮、甲基苯甲醯蟻酸、2,2-二乙氧基乙醯苯、β-紫羅蘭酮、β-溴苯乙烯、二偶氮氨基苯、α-戊烷基肉桂醛、p-二甲基胺乙醯苯、p-二甲基胺苯丙酮、2-氯二苯甲酮、pp’-氯二苯甲酮、pp’-雙二乙基胺二苯甲酮、安息香乙基醚、安息香異丙基醚、安息香正丙基醚、安息香正丁基醚、二苯基硫、雙(2,6-甲氧苯醯基)-2,4,4-三甲戊烷基膦氧化物、2,4,6-三甲基苯醯基二苯基膦氧化物、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯醯基)苯基膦氧化物、2-甲基-1-(4-(甲硫基)苯基)-2-嗎咻代丙烷-1-酮、2-苯甲基-2-二甲基氨基-1-(4-嗎咻苯基)-丁基-1-酮、蔥二苯甲酮、α-氯蒽醌、二苯基二硫、六氯(代)丁二烯、五氯(代)丁二烯、八氯丁烯、1-氯甲基萘、1,2-辛二酮、1-[4-(苯基硫代)-2-(鄰苯甲醯肟)]或1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基苯甲醯)-9H-咔唑-3-基]乙基醚-1-(鄰乙醯肟)、(4-甲基苯基)[4-(2-甲基丙基)苯基]碘鎓六氟磷鹽、3-甲基-2-丁炔酯四甲代鎏六氟銻酸鹽、二苯基-(對苯基硫代苯基)鎏六氟銻酸鹽等。還有,可以對應所要的物性而混合使用2種以上化合物,也可以對應所需添加公知光增感劑或作為聚合促進劑的三級胺化合物以控制硬化性。In the present invention, the cholesteric liquid crystal composition may optionally contain a photoinitiator. As the photoinitiator, a known compound which generates a radical or an acid by ultraviolet rays or visible light can be used. Specifically, for example, benzoin, benzyl methyl ketal, benzophenone, butanedione, acetophenone, mischrone, benzyl, benzyl isobutyl ether, one (two Sulfurized tetramethylthiuram, 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2-azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, benzamidine peroxide, di-tert-butyl Peroxide, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, 1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2 -methylpropan-1-one, sultone, 2-chlorosultone, 2-methyl ketoxime, 2,4-diethyl ketoxime, methotrexate, 2,2- Diethoxyethyl benzene, β-ionone, β-bromostyrene, diazoaminobenzene, α-pentyl cinnamaldehyde, p-dimethylamine acetophenone, p-dimethylamine benzene Acetone, 2-chlorobenzophenone, pp'-chlorobenzophenone, pp'-bisdiethylamine benzophenone, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin n-propyl ether, benzoin n-Butyl ether, diphenyl sulfide, bis(2,6-methoxybenzoinyl)-2,4,4-trimethylpentylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoinyl Phenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethyl) Phenyl phenyl) phenylphosphine oxide, 2-methyl-1-(4-(methylthio)phenyl)-2-hydrazinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-pyrene Amino-1-(4-ythylphenyl)-butyl-1-one, onion benzophenone, α-chloropurine, diphenyldisulfide, hexachlorobutadiene, pentachloro (generation) butadiene, octachlorobutene, 1-chloromethylnaphthalene, 1,2-octanedione, 1-[4-(phenylthio)-2-(o-benzidine)] or 1-[9-ethyl-6-(2-methylbenzhydrazin)-9H-indazol-3-yl]ethyl ether-1-(o-ethylidene), (4-methylphenyl) [4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]iodonium hexafluorophosphate, 3-methyl-2-butynyl ester tetramethylphosphonium hexafluoroantimonate, diphenyl-(p-phenylsulfuric acid) Phenyl phenyl) hexafluoroantimonate. Further, two or more kinds of compounds may be used in combination depending on the desired physical properties, and a third-order amine compound which is a known photo-sensitizer or a polymerization accelerator may be added in accordance with the necessity to control the curability.
前述光起始劑配合比例較佳在膽固醇液晶組成物中有0.03~7重量%。光起始劑配合量比0.03重量%還少時,會降低聚合度並導致膜強度降低而不佳。反過來說,比7重量%還多時,會妨害液晶的配向並導致液晶相不安定而不佳。The proportion of the above photoinitiator is preferably from 0.03 to 7% by weight in the cholesteric liquid crystal composition. When the amount of the photoinitiator is less than 0.03% by weight, the degree of polymerization is lowered and the film strength is lowered. Conversely, when it is more than 7% by weight, the alignment of the liquid crystal may be impaired and the liquid crystal phase may be unstable.
本發明中,膽固醇液晶組成物可以含有任意的界面活性劑。前述界面活性劑需適度選擇使用不會妨害配向的結構。前述界面活性劑具體而言,疏水基部分較佳是使用含有矽氧烷、氟化烷基的非離子系界面活性劑,特別適合1分子中具有2個以上疏水基部分的低聚合物。此界面活性劑可以使用OMNOVA公司PolyFox的PF-151N、PF-636、PF-6320、PF-656、PF-6520、PF-3320、PF-651、PF-652、Neos公司FterGent的FTX-209F、FTX-208G、FTX-204D、清美化學股份有限公司Surflon的KH-40等。界面活性劑配合比例是在硬化膽固醇液晶組成物而得之硬化膜中,較佳是0.05重量%~3重量%。前述界面活性劑配合比例比0.05重量%還少時,將會減少與空氣界面間的配向規制力並產生配向缺陷而不佳。反過來說,比3重量%還多時過剩界面活性劑會入侵液晶分子間、導致配向均一性降低而不佳。In the present invention, the cholesteric liquid crystal composition may contain any surfactant. The aforementioned surfactant needs to be appropriately selected to use a structure which does not hinder the alignment. Specifically, the surfactant is preferably a nonionic surfactant containing a decane or a fluorinated alkyl group, and particularly preferably a low polymer having two or more hydrophobic groups in one molecule. The surfactant can be used by OMNOVA PolyFox PF-151N, PF-636, PF-6320, PF-656, PF-6520, PF-3320, PF-651, PF-652, Neos FterGent FTX-209F, FTX-208G, FTX-204D, KH-40 from Surflon Chemical Co., Ltd. Surflon. The surfactant blending ratio is preferably from 0.05% by weight to 3% by weight in the cured film obtained by curing the cholesteric liquid crystal composition. When the blending ratio of the surfactant is less than 0.05% by weight, the alignment regulating force with the air interface is reduced and the alignment defect is not preferable. Conversely, when the amount is more than 3% by weight, the excess surfactant invades the liquid crystal molecules, resulting in a decrease in alignment uniformity.
本發明中,膽固醇液晶組成物還可以包括對應所需之其他任意成分。其他任意成分例如是對掌劑、溶媒、提升可作業時間(pot-life)的聚合禁止劑、用於耐久性提升的抗氧化劑劑、紫外線吸收劑、光安定化劑等。此任意成分可以在不降低既定光學性能的範圍下進行添加。In the present invention, the cholesteric liquid crystal composition may further include other optional components as required. Other optional components are, for example, a palmizer, a solvent, a polymerization inhibiting agent for improving pot-life, an antioxidant for improving durability, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and the like. This optional component can be added without degrading the intended optical properties.
膽固醇液晶組成物製造方法並未特別限定,也可以混合上述必須成分及任意成分進行製造。The method for producing the cholesteric liquid crystal composition is not particularly limited, and the above-described essential components and optional components may be mixed and produced.
前述圓偏振光分離薄板是將前述膽固醇液晶組成物塗佈於透明樹脂基材上得到液晶層,接著藉由至少1次的光照射及/或加溫處理硬化以調製。In the circularly polarized light separating sheet, the cholesteric liquid crystal composition is applied onto a transparent resin substrate to obtain a liquid crystal layer, which is then cured by at least one light irradiation and/or a heat treatment.
前述透明樹脂基材並未特別限定,可以使用在1毫米厚下,全光透過率80%以上的基材。具體而言,從脂環烯烴聚合物、聚乙烯或聚丙烯等鏈形烯烴聚合物、三乙醯纖維、聚乙烯醇、聚醯亞胺、聚芳酯、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚碸、聚醚碸、變性丙烯高分子、環氧樹脂、聚苯乙烯、丙烯樹脂等合成樹脂所構成之單層或層積的薄膜。上述中,脂環烯烴聚合物或鏈形烯烴聚合物較佳,從透明性、低吸濕性、尺寸安定性、輕量性等觀點來看,脂環烯烴聚合物特別佳。The transparent resin substrate is not particularly limited, and a substrate having a total light transmittance of 80% or more at a thickness of 1 mm can be used. Specifically, from an alicyclic olefin polymer, a chain olefin polymer such as polyethylene or polypropylene, triethylene fluorene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol, polyimine, polyarylate, polyester, polycarbonate, polyfluorene A single layer or a laminated film composed of a synthetic resin such as a polyether oxime, a denatured propylene polymer, an epoxy resin, a polystyrene or an acrylic resin. Among the above, the alicyclic olefin polymer or the chain olefin polymer is preferred, and the alicyclic olefin polymer is particularly preferable from the viewpoints of transparency, low hygroscopicity, dimensional stability, and lightness.
前述透明樹脂基材對應所需,也可以有配向膜。藉由具有配向膜,再於此配向膜之上塗佈膽固醇液晶組成物,即可在既定方向上進行配向。配向膜,係在基材表面上,視需要而施加電暈放電處理等後,將纖維、矽烷耦合劑、聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺、聚乙烯醇、環氧丙烯酸酯、矽烷醇低聚合物、聚丙烯腈、苯酚樹脂、聚噁唑、環化聚異戊二烯等溶解於水或溶劑中成溶液等後,使用逆凹版塗佈、直接凹版塗佈、模具式塗佈、棒式塗佈等公知方法進行塗佈、乾燥,之後在乾燥塗膜上施加研磨處理即形成。配向膜厚度是可得到既定膽固醇樹脂層配向均一性的膜厚即可,膜厚較佳是0.001~5微米,更佳是0.01~2微米。The transparent resin substrate may be required as needed, and may have an alignment film. By having an alignment film and applying a cholesteric liquid crystal composition on the alignment film, alignment can be performed in a predetermined direction. The alignment film is formed on the surface of the substrate, and after applying corona discharge treatment or the like as needed, the fiber, the decane coupling agent, the polyimine, the polyamine, the polyvinyl alcohol, the epoxy acrylate, and the decyl alcohol are oligomerized. After the solution, polyacrylonitrile, phenol resin, polyoxazole, cyclized polyisoprene or the like is dissolved in water or a solvent to form a solution, etc., using reverse gravure coating, direct gravure coating, die coating, and rod type It is formed by applying and drying by a known method such as coating, and then applying a polishing treatment to the dried coating film. The thickness of the alignment film is a film thickness at which the uniformity of the alignment of the predetermined cholesterol resin layer can be obtained, and the film thickness is preferably 0.001 to 5 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 2 μm.
朝前述透明樹脂基材的液晶組成物塗佈,可以藉由逆凹版塗佈、直接凹版塗佈、模具式塗佈、棒式塗佈等公知方法進行。液晶組成物塗佈層的厚度,可以依據欲得到之後述既定膽固醇樹脂層乾燥膜厚而適當調整。The application to the liquid crystal composition of the transparent resin substrate can be carried out by a known method such as reverse gravure coating, direct gravure coating, die coating, or bar coating. The thickness of the coating layer of the liquid crystal composition can be appropriately adjusted depending on the dry film thickness of a predetermined cholesterol resin layer to be described later.
硬化藉由前述塗佈所得之塗佈層前,可以對應所需施加配向處理。配向處理例如是在攝氏50度至攝氏150度下對塗佈層加熱0.5分鐘至10分鐘之間。藉由施加此配向處理可以使膽固醇液晶層進行良好配向。Before the coating layer obtained by the aforementioned coating is hardened, the alignment treatment may be applied correspondingly. The alignment treatment is, for example, heating the coating layer between 50 minutes Celsius and 150 degrees Celsius for between 0.5 minutes and 10 minutes. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer can be well aligned by applying this alignment treatment.
施加對應所需之配向處理後,藉由硬化膽固醇液晶組成物即可得到具有膽固醇液晶組成物硬化層(亦即硬化膽固醇樹脂層)的圓偏振光分離薄板。前述硬化工程可以藉由1次以上的光照射與加熱處理的組合進行。加熱條件具體的實例是溫度為攝氏40度至攝氏200度,較佳是攝氏50度至攝氏200度,更佳是攝氏50度至攝氏140度;時間較佳是1秒至3分鐘,更佳是5秒至120秒。本發明中,光照射所使用的光不僅包括可見光,還包括紫外線及其他電磁波。光照射具體的實例是以波長200奈米至500奈米的光照射0.01秒至3分鐘。還有,例如是可以多次交錯反覆進行0.01毫焦/平方公分至50毫焦/平方公分的微弱紫外線照射與加熱,以做成反射帶域較廣的圓偏振光分離薄板。藉由上述微弱紫外線照射等進行反射帶域擴張後,以50毫焦/平方公分至10000毫焦/平方公分之比較強的紫外線進行照射,使液晶性化合物完全聚合、硬化成膽固醇樹脂層。上述反射帶域擴張及強紫外線照射也可以在空氣下進行,或前述工程的一部或全部也可以在控制氧濃度的氣氛氣(例如氮氣氛氣下)中進行。After the corresponding alignment treatment is applied, a circularly polarized light separation sheet having a hardened layer of a cholesteric liquid crystal composition (that is, a hardened cholesterol resin layer) can be obtained by curing the cholesteric liquid crystal composition. The hardening process described above can be carried out by a combination of one or more light irradiations and heat treatment. A specific example of the heating condition is a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius, preferably 50 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius, more preferably 50 degrees Celsius to 140 degrees Celsius; time is preferably 1 second to 3 minutes, more preferably It is 5 seconds to 120 seconds. In the present invention, the light used for light irradiation includes not only visible light but also ultraviolet rays and other electromagnetic waves. A specific example of light irradiation is irradiation with light having a wavelength of 200 nm to 500 nm for 0.01 second to 3 minutes. Further, for example, it is possible to alternately perform a slight ultraviolet irradiation and heating of 0.01 mJ/cm 2 to 50 mJ/cm 2 repeatedly to form a circularly polarized light separating sheet having a wide reflection band. After the reflection band expansion by the weak ultraviolet irradiation or the like, the liquid crystal compound is completely polymerized and cured into a cholesterol resin layer by irradiation with relatively strong ultraviolet rays of 50 mJ/cm 2 to 10000 mJ/cm 2 . The reflection band expansion and strong ultraviolet irradiation may be performed under air, or one or all of the above-described processes may be performed in an atmosphere gas (for example, under a nitrogen atmosphere) that controls the oxygen concentration.
本發明中,朝透明樹脂基材上的膽固醇液晶組成物塗佈及硬化的工程,不限1次,也可以多次反覆進行塗佈及硬化,形成2層以上的硬化膽固醇樹脂層。In the present invention, the coating and hardening of the cholesteric liquid crystal composition on the transparent resin substrate is not limited to one, and the coating and curing may be repeated a plurality of times to form two or more layers of the cured cholesterol resin layer.
前述圓偏振光分離薄板中,硬化膽固醇樹脂層的乾燥膜厚較佳是3.0微米至10.0微米,更佳是3.5微米至8微米。前述硬化膽固醇樹脂層的乾燥膜厚比3.0微米還薄時,反射率會降低。反過來說,比10.0微米還厚時,從斜向方向對硬化膽固醇樹脂層觀察時,因有著色而不佳。還有,前述乾燥膜厚,在硬化膽固醇樹脂層有2層以上時,係指各層膜厚合計;硬化液晶層為1層時,即指該層的膜厚。In the above circularly polarized light separating sheet, the dried film thickness of the hardened cholesterol resin layer is preferably from 3.0 μm to 10.0 μm, more preferably from 3.5 μm to 8 μm. When the dried film thickness of the hardened cholesterol resin layer is thinner than 3.0 μm, the reflectance is lowered. On the other hand, when it is thicker than 10.0 micrometers, it is not preferable because coloring is observed from the oblique direction to the hardened cholesterol resin layer. Further, when the thickness of the dried film is two or more layers of the cured cholesterol resin layer, the total thickness of each layer is referred to, and when the layer of the cured liquid crystal layer is one layer, the film thickness of the layer is referred to.
本發明中,選擇反射元件除了可以具有前述圓偏振光分離薄板,還可以具備相位差薄膜。具體的而言,層積圓偏振光分離薄板及相位差薄膜,以作為選擇反射元件。前述層積圓偏振光分離薄板及相位差薄膜可以藉由接著劑或粘著劑而達成一體化。此外,從提升選擇反射元件耐久性或剛性為目的時,透明樹脂基材上及/或相位差薄膜上進一步藉由接著劑或粘著劑達成追加的透明樹脂基材一體化。In the present invention, the selective reflection element may have a phase difference film in addition to the circularly polarized light separation sheet. Specifically, a circularly polarized light separating sheet and a retardation film are laminated to serve as a selective reflection element. The laminated circularly polarized light separating sheet and the retardation film can be integrated by an adhesive or an adhesive. Further, in order to enhance the durability and rigidity of the selective reflection element, an additional transparent resin substrate is integrated by the adhesive or the adhesive on the transparent resin substrate and/or the retardation film.
本發明所使用之相位差薄膜是使用(i)薄膜狀聚合物延伸而成之結構;或(ii)在透明樹脂基材上塗佈、配向、硬化液晶性材料而得之結構。使用(ii)的相位差薄膜時,在適當基材上塗佈、配向、硬化液晶性材料而得之此相位差薄膜可與圓偏振光分離薄板一體化而作為選擇反射元件;或者本發明圓偏振光分離薄板上,可以對應所需設置配向膜進行種種的配向處理,再於之上塗佈、配向、硬化液晶性材料,而設成與圓偏振光分離薄板一體化的相位差薄膜層,以得到選擇反射元件。The retardation film used in the present invention is a structure obtained by using (i) a film-like polymer extending; or (ii) coating, aligning, and curing a liquid crystal material on a transparent resin substrate. When the retardation film of (ii) is used, the liquid crystal material is applied, aligned, and cured on a suitable substrate, and the retardation film can be integrated with the circularly polarized light separation sheet as a selective reflection element; or the present invention On the polarized light separation sheet, various alignment treatments can be performed for the alignment film to be provided, and the liquid crystal material can be applied, aligned, and cured, and a phase difference film layer integrated with the circularly polarized light separation sheet can be provided. To obtain a selective reflective element.
以下述光學異方性元件對本發明所使用之相位差薄膜較佳實施例進行說明。Preferred embodiments of the retardation film used in the present invention will be described with the following optical anisotropic elements.
本發明中,光學異方性元件可以透過光的大略1/4波長以達成光學異方性元件正面方向的遲延Re(以下、簡稱「Re」)。在此,透過光的波長範圍可以為對本發明選擇反射元件所要求之既定範圍,具體而言,例如是400奈米~700奈米。還有,正面方向的遲延Re是透過光的大略1/4波長,係意指Re值在透過光波長範圍的中心值附近,較佳是從中心值的1/4值±65奈米,更佳是±30奈米,最佳是±10奈米的範圍內。In the present invention, the optical anisotropic element can transmit a retardation Re (hereinafter, abbreviated as "Re") in the front direction of the optical anisotropic element by transmitting a substantially 1/4 wavelength of light. Here, the wavelength range of the transmitted light may be a predetermined range required for the selective reflection element of the present invention, and specifically, for example, 400 nm to 700 nm. Further, the retardation Re in the front direction is a substantially 1/4 wavelength of the transmitted light, which means that the Re value is near the center value of the wavelength range of the transmitted light, preferably from the center value of 1/4 value ± 65 nm, and more. The best is ±30 nm, and the best is within ±10 nm.
還有,光學異方性元件在厚度方向的遲延Rth(以下、簡稱「Rth」。)較佳是不足0奈米。厚度方向的遲延Rth值在透過光波長範圍的中心值,較佳是-30奈米至-1000奈米,更佳是-50奈米至-300奈米。藉由採用具有此Re值及Rth的光學異方性元件,可以提高亮度並減少亮度不均勻,也可以減少出射光的色不均勻。Further, the retardation Rth (hereinafter, abbreviated as "Rth") of the optical anisotropic element in the thickness direction is preferably less than 0 nm. The retardation Rth value in the thickness direction is a center value in the wavelength range of the transmitted light, preferably from -30 nm to -1000 nm, more preferably from -50 nm to -300 nm. By using an optical anisotropic element having such a Re value and Rth, it is possible to increase the luminance and reduce the luminance unevenness, and it is also possible to reduce the color unevenness of the emitted light.
在此,前述正面方向的遲延Re是式I:Re=(nx-ny)×d(式中,nx是表示在垂直於厚度方向的方向(正面方向)上所給予之最大屈折率的方向屈折率;ny是表示垂直於厚度方向的方向(面內方向)上且與nx為垂直相交方向的屈折率;d表示膜厚。)所表示的值;厚度方向的遲延Rth是式II:Rth={(nx+ny)/2-nz}×d(式中,nx是表示在垂直於厚度方向的方向(面內方向)上所給予之最大屈折率的方向屈折率;ny是表示垂直於厚度方向的方向(面內方向)上且與nx為垂直相交方向的屈折率;nz是表示厚度方向的屈折率;d表示膜厚。)所表示的值。Here, the retardation Re in the front direction is Formula I: Re = (nx - ny) × d (wherein nx is a direction inflection indicating a maximum inflection rate given in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction (front direction)) Rate; ny is a refractive index indicating a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction (in-plane direction) and perpendicular to nx; d represents a film thickness; the value represented by the thickness direction; the retardation Rth in the thickness direction is Formula II: Rth = {(nx+ny)/2-nz}×d (wherein nx is a directional yield ratio indicating a maximum inflection rate given in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction (in-plane direction); ny means perpendicular to the thickness The direction of the direction (in-plane direction) and the inflection rate in the direction perpendicular to nx; nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction; d is the value indicated by the film thickness.
還有,前述正面方向的遲延Re及厚度方向的遲延Rth是使用市售的相位差測定裝置,光學異方性元件在長度方向及寬方向上有100毫米間隔(長度方向或橫方向的長度不足200毫米時,朝此方向等間隔指定3點),對全面進行格子點狀測量,求得平均值。Further, the retardation Re in the front direction and the retardation Rth in the thickness direction are commercially available phase difference measuring devices, and the optical anisotropic element has a space of 100 mm in the longitudinal direction and the width direction (the length in the longitudinal direction or the lateral direction is insufficient) At 200 mm, three points are specified at equal intervals in this direction, and the grid point measurement is performed comprehensively to obtain an average value.
構成前述光學異方性元件的材質,並未特別限定,可以使用由苯乙烯系樹脂所構成之層。在此,苯乙烯系樹脂可以是具有反覆單位之一部分或全部為苯乙烯結構的聚合物樹脂,也可以是聚苯乙烯或苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、鄰甲基苯乙烯、對甲基苯乙烯、對氯苯乙烯、對硝苯乙烯、對胺苯乙烯、對羧苯乙烯、對苯基苯乙烯等苯乙烯系單量體與乙烯、丙烯、丁二烯、異戊二烯、丙烯腈、甲烯腈、α-氯丙烯腈、甲基丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙基丙烯酸、乙基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸、丙烯酸甲酯、無水順丁烯二酸、乙烯醋酸等其他單量體的共聚物等。其中,使用聚苯乙烯或苯乙烯與無水順丁烯二酸的共聚物為較佳。The material constituting the optical anisotropic element is not particularly limited, and a layer composed of a styrene resin can be used. Here, the styrene resin may be a polymer resin having a part or all of a styrene structure, or may be polystyrene or styrene, α-methylstyrene, o-methylstyrene, ortho-pair. Styrene, p-chlorostyrene, p-nitrostyrene, p-aminostyrene, p-carboxystyrene, p-phenylstyrene and other styrenic monoliths with ethylene, propylene, butadiene, isoprene, Acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, α-chloroacrylonitrile, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, anhydrous maleic acid, ethylene acetic acid, etc. A monolithic copolymer or the like. Among them, polystyrene or a copolymer of styrene and anhydrous maleic acid is preferably used.
光學異方性元件所使用之苯乙烯系樹脂分子量係對應使用目的而適當選定,就溶媒而言,使用環己烷來以膠體滲透色譜法測量的聚異戊二烯的重量平均分子量(Mw),通常是10000~300000、較佳是15000~250000、更佳是20000~200000。The molecular weight of the styrene resin used in the optical anisotropic element is appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use, and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of polyisoprene measured by colloidal permeation chromatography using cyclohexane in terms of a solvent. It is usually 10,000 to 300,000, preferably 15,000 to 250,000, more preferably 20,000 to 200,000.
前述光學異方性元件較佳是具有由前述苯乙烯系樹脂所構成的層與包含其他熱可塑性樹脂的層所構成之層積結構。藉由具有前述層積結構,即可成為兼具苯乙烯系樹脂的光學特性與其他熱可塑性樹脂的機械強度的元件。其他熱可塑性樹脂例如是脂環烯烴聚合物、甲基丙烯樹脂、聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸酯-乙烯芳香族化合物共聚物樹脂、甲基丙烯酸酯-乙烯芳香族化合物共聚物樹脂、聚醚碸等。其中,較佳是使用具脂環式結構的樹脂或甲基丙烯樹脂。The optical anisotropic element preferably has a laminated structure of a layer composed of the styrene resin and a layer containing another thermoplastic resin. By having the laminated structure described above, it is possible to obtain an element having both the optical properties of the styrene resin and the mechanical strength of the other thermoplastic resin. The other thermoplastic resin is, for example, an alicyclic olefin polymer, a methacryl resin, a polycarbonate, an acrylate-ethylene aromatic compound copolymer resin, a methacrylate-ethylene aromatic compound copolymer resin, a polyether oxime or the like. Among them, a resin having an alicyclic structure or a methacryl resin is preferably used.
脂環烯烴聚合物是主鏈及/或側鏈上具有環烷結構或環烯結構的非晶性烯烴聚合物。具體而言,可舉例(1)降冰片烯系聚合物;(2)單環環狀烯烴系聚合物;(3)環狀共軛二烯烴系聚合物;(4)乙烯基脂環式碳化氫聚合物及前述的氫化物等。其中,從透明性及成形性的觀點來看,降冰片烯系聚合物較佳。具有此脂環式結構的樹脂是記載於日本專利特開平05-310845號公報、日本專利特開平05-097978號公報、美國專利第6511756號公報。The alicyclic olefin polymer is an amorphous olefin polymer having a cycloalkane structure or a cycloolefin structure in a main chain and/or a side chain. Specifically, (1) a norbornene-based polymer; (2) a monocyclic cyclic olefin-based polymer; (3) a cyclic conjugated diene-based polymer; (4) a vinyl alicyclic carbonization; Hydrogen polymer, the aforementioned hydride, and the like. Among them, a norbornene-based polymer is preferred from the viewpoint of transparency and formability. The resin having such an alicyclic structure is described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 05-310845, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 05-097978, and No. 6511756.
降冰片烯系聚合物,具體而言,降冰片烯系單體的開環聚合物、降冰片烯系單體與可開環共聚合的其他單體之間的開環共聚物、及前述該等的氫化物、降冰片烯系單體的加成聚合物、與可和降冰片烯系單體共聚合的其他單體間的加成共聚物等。a norbornene-based polymer, specifically, a ring-opening polymer of a norbornene-based monomer, a ring-opening copolymer between a norbornene-based monomer and another monomer capable of ring-opening copolymerization, and the aforementioned An hydride such as an addition polymer of a norbornene-based monomer, an addition copolymer with another monomer copolymerizable with a norbornene-based monomer, or the like.
甲基丙烯樹脂,就以甲基丙烯酸酯為主成分的聚合物,例如是甲基丙烯酸酯的單獨聚合物、甲基丙烯酸酯與其他單量體間的共聚物之甲基丙烯酸酯而言,通常使用甲基丙烯酸烷基。作為共聚物之情形下,甲基丙烯酸酯所共聚合之其他單量體例如是使用丙烯酸酯、芳香族乙烯基化合物、乙烯氰化合物等。a methacrylic resin, which is a polymer mainly composed of methacrylate, for example, a single polymer of methacrylate, a methacrylate of a copolymer of methacrylate and other monomer, Alkyl methacrylate is usually used. In the case of a copolymer, other monocomponents in which the methacrylate is copolymerized are, for example, an acrylate, an aromatic vinyl compound, an ethylene cyanide compound or the like.
本發明所使用之光學異方性元件較佳實施例是在由聚苯乙烯樹脂所構成之薄膜(a層)的兩面上層積由其他熱可塑性樹脂所構成之薄膜(b層)而得之多層薄膜所延伸得到之延伸多層薄膜。以下對此具體實施例進行說明。A preferred embodiment of the optical anisotropic element used in the present invention is a multilayer obtained by laminating a film (layer b) composed of another thermoplastic resin on both surfaces of a film (layer a) composed of a polystyrene resin. An extended multilayer film obtained by stretching a film. This specific embodiment will be described below.
構成前述a層的聚苯乙烯樹脂是使用與上述「苯乙烯系樹脂」相同的結構。The polystyrene resin constituting the a layer described above has the same structure as the above-mentioned "styrene resin".
構成a層的聚苯乙烯樹脂之玻璃轉移溫度較佳是攝氏120度以上,更佳是攝氏120度至攝氏200度,最佳是攝氏120度至攝氏140度。The glass transition temperature of the polystyrene resin constituting the layer a is preferably 120 degrees Celsius or more, more preferably 120 degrees Celsius to 200 degrees Celsius, and most preferably 120 degrees Celsius to 140 degrees Celsius.
本發明中,前述聚苯乙烯樹脂及前述其他熱可塑性樹脂的玻璃轉移溫度若分別是TG(a)(℃)及TG(b)(℃),較佳是滿足TG(a)>TG(b)+20℃的關係。藉由滿足此關係、可於延伸之際對由聚苯乙烯樹脂所構成之a層有效地賦予光學異方性,並得到良好的光學異方性元件。In the present invention, the glass transition temperatures of the polystyrene resin and the other thermoplastic resin are TG(a) (°C) and TG(b) (°C), respectively, and preferably TG(a)>TG(b). ) +20 ° C relationship. By satisfying this relationship, it is possible to effectively impart optical anisotropy to the layer a composed of a polystyrene resin, and to obtain a good optical anisotropic element.
將作為a層材料的前述聚苯乙烯樹脂及作為b層材料的前述其他熱可塑性樹脂層積形成多層薄膜的成形方法,並未特別限定,可以適當利用共押出T模法、共押出吹塑法、共押出層壓法等共押出成形方法、乾層壓等薄膜層壓成形方法、及塗佈成形方法等公知方法。其中,從製造效率、薄膜中溶劑等揮發性成分不殘留的觀點來看,依據共押出的成形方法較佳。押出溫度是對應所使用的前述聚苯乙烯樹脂、及前述其他熱可塑性樹脂種類適當選擇得到。The method for forming a multilayer film by laminating the above polystyrene resin as the a layer material and the other thermoplastic resin as the b layer material is not particularly limited, and a co-extrusion T-die method or a co-extrusion blow molding method can be suitably used. A known method such as a co-extrusion molding method such as a lamination method, a film lamination molding method such as dry lamination, and a coating molding method are used. Among them, from the viewpoint of the production efficiency and the fact that the volatile components such as the solvent in the film do not remain, the molding method according to the co-extrusion is preferable. The extrusion temperature is appropriately selected depending on the type of the above-mentioned polystyrene resin to be used and the other thermoplastic resin described above.
多層薄膜是在前述a層的兩面上層積前述b層。在a層與b層之間可設有接著層或粘著層,較佳是a層與b層直接層積(亦即、b層/a層/b層3層構成的層積體)。還有,多層薄膜中,前述a層及層積於其兩面的b層厚度並未特別限定,較佳是分別為10~300微米及10~400微米。In the multilayer film, the b layer is laminated on both sides of the a layer. An adhesive layer or an adhesive layer may be provided between the a layer and the b layer, and it is preferable that the a layer and the b layer are directly laminated (that is, a laminate of the b layer/a layer/b layer and 3 layers). Further, in the multilayer film, the a layer and the thickness of the b layer laminated on both surfaces thereof are not particularly limited, and are preferably 10 to 300 μm and 10 to 400 μm, respectively.
前述延伸多層薄膜是將前述多層薄膜延伸而得。前述延伸多層薄膜是包括依據a層的延伸設成A層及依據b層的延伸設成B層。前述延伸多層薄膜較佳是將前述多層薄膜的b層/a層/b層3層結構的層積體延伸而得B層/A層/B層3層結構的延伸薄膜。The above-mentioned extended multilayer film is obtained by extending the above-mentioned multilayer film. The above-mentioned extended multilayer film comprises a layer B formed according to the extension of the layer a and a layer B formed according to the extension of the layer b. Preferably, the stretched multilayer film is obtained by extending a laminate of a b layer/a layer/b layer and a three layer structure of the multilayer film to obtain a B layer/A layer/B layer three layer structure.
前述延伸較佳是單軸延伸或斜向延伸,較佳是藉由拉幅機進行單軸延伸或斜向延伸。Preferably, the extension is a uniaxial extension or an oblique extension, preferably a uniaxial extension or an oblique extension by a tenter.
光學異方性元件的正面方向遲延Re和厚度方向的遲延Rth可依據延伸溫度或延伸倍率等延伸條件作適當調整而製造得到。延伸溫度較佳是前述TG(a)-10℃至前述TG(a)+20℃,更佳是前述TG(a)-5℃至前述TG(a)+15℃的範圍。延伸倍率較佳是1.05~30倍,更佳是1.1~10倍。延伸溫度或延伸倍率在上述範圍之外時,恐有下列問題:配向會成不完全,屈折率異方性、甚至延伸遲延會無法完全顯現,或是層積體會破裂。The retardation Re in the front direction and the retardation Rth in the thickness direction of the optical anisotropic element can be produced by appropriately adjusting the stretching conditions such as the stretching temperature or the stretching ratio. The stretching temperature is preferably TG(a) - 10 ° C to TG (a) + 20 ° C, more preferably TG (a) - 5 ° C to TG (a) + 15 ° C. The stretching ratio is preferably from 1.05 to 30 times, more preferably from 1.1 to 10 times. When the extension temperature or the stretching ratio is outside the above range, there are the following problems: the alignment may be incomplete, the anisotropy of the inflection rate, or even the extension delay may not be completely exhibited, or the laminate may be broken.
光學異方性元件的厚度較佳是50~1000微米,更佳是50~600微米。The thickness of the optical anisotropic element is preferably from 50 to 1,000 μm, more preferably from 50 to 600 μm.
本發明背光裝置只要是具有上述特定光源及選擇反射元件者,其他結構並無特別限制,可以具有正下型背光、側光型背光等結構。The backlight device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the specific light source and the selective reflection element, and may have a structure such as a direct type backlight or a side light type backlight.
上述本發明背光裝置的一實例結構請參照第1圖及第2圖進行說明。An example structure of the backlight device of the present invention described above will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 .
在第1圖中,背光裝置100是正下型背光裝置,包括作為光源的冷陰極管102,甚至包括用以反射光源102光的反射板103、及用以擴散來自光源102及反射板103之光的光擴散板101。光擴散板101是用以擴散光的結構,在光出射面111A側具有由多個線狀稜鏡101A所構成的稜鏡條列101B。另外,經由僅在第2圖所示之圖示,光擴散板101的光出射面111A覆設有包括圓偏振光分離薄板251及相位差薄膜252的選擇反射元件250。In FIG. 1, the backlight device 100 is a direct-type backlight device, including a cold cathode tube 102 as a light source, and even includes a reflection plate 103 for reflecting light from the light source 102, and light for diffusing light from the light source 102 and the reflection plate 103. Light diffusing plate 101. The light diffusing plate 101 is configured to diffuse light, and has a string 101B composed of a plurality of linear turns 101A on the light emitting surface 111A side. Further, the selective reflection element 250 including the circularly polarized light separating sheet 251 and the retardation film 252 is covered by the light emitting surface 111A of the light diffusing plate 101 via the illustration shown in FIG.
本發明的背光裝置中,選擇反射元件的位置並不以上述實例為限,可以設於光源出光面側的任意位置。例如,設成與光擴散板101的光源側面相接,或設於下述擴散薄板、稜鏡薄板等層上。In the backlight device of the present invention, the position of the selective reflection element is not limited to the above example, and may be provided at any position on the light-emitting surface side of the light source. For example, it may be provided in contact with the side surface of the light source of the light diffusing plate 101 or on a layer such as a diffusion sheet or a thin plate.
本發明背光裝置更可具有擴散薄板、稜鏡薄板等任意構成要素。此等的設置位置並未特別限定,通常,在光擴散板的光出射面上以任意層積順序方式設置。The backlight device of the present invention may further have any constituent elements such as a diffusion sheet or a thin sheet. These installation positions are not particularly limited, and are usually arranged in an arbitrary order on the light exit surface of the light diffusion plate.
本發明背光裝置之其他部分,也可以適當地具有構成裝置所必要的框體、電源供給裝置等構成要素。Other parts of the backlight device of the present invention may have components such as a casing and a power supply device which are necessary for the device.
本發明液晶顯示裝置具有前述本發明背光裝置及液晶面板。The liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises the backlight device of the present invention and a liquid crystal panel.
前述液晶面板並未特別限定,可以適當選用用於液晶顯示裝置者。例如,扭曲向列(TN(Twisted Nematic))型液晶面板、超扭曲向列(STN(Super Twisted Nematic))型液晶面板、混合排列(HAN(Hybrid Alignment Nematic))型液晶面板、橫向電場驅動(IPS(In Plane Switching))型液晶面板、垂直配向(VA(Vertical Alignment))型液晶面板、多重垂直配向(MVA(Multiple Vertical Alignment))型液晶面板、光學補償板(OCB(Optical Compensated Bend))型液晶面板等。The liquid crystal panel is not particularly limited, and can be suitably selected for use in a liquid crystal display device. For example, a twisted nematic (TN (Twisted Nematic)) liquid crystal panel, a super twisted nematic (STN) liquid crystal panel, a hybrid array (HAN (Hybrid Alignment Nematic)) liquid crystal panel, and a lateral electric field drive ( IPS (In Plane Switching) type liquid crystal panel, vertical alignment (VA (Vertical Alignment)) type liquid crystal panel, multiple vertical alignment (MVA (Multiple Vertical Alignment)) type liquid crystal panel, optical compensation board (OCB (Optical Compensated Bend)) Liquid crystal panel, etc.
本發明液晶顯示裝置可以對應所需具有包含前述背光裝置之選擇反射元件以外的其他選擇反射元件。前述選擇反射元件並未特別限定,也可以使用公知的結構。The liquid crystal display device of the present invention may correspond to other selective reflective elements other than the selective reflective elements including the backlight device. The selective reflection element is not particularly limited, and a known structure can also be used.
本發明液晶顯示裝置除了上述構成要素外,還可以對應所需適當具有偏光板等構成液晶顯示裝置的其他必要構成要素。In addition to the above-described constituent elements, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can also have other necessary components constituting the liquid crystal display device, such as a polarizing plate, as appropriate.
以下請參照實施例及比較例對本發明進行更詳細說明,本發明不以此為限。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.
對由脂環烯烴聚合物所構成之透明薄膜(OPTRONICS股份有限公司製、商品名「ZEONOR FILM ZF14-100」)的兩面進行電暈放電處理。在此薄膜一面上使用#2的導線棒塗佈5%聚乙烯醇水溶液、乾燥塗膜、形成膜厚0.1微米的配向膜。接著,對此配向膜進行研磨處理,調製成具有配向膜的透明樹脂基材。(1-2:硬化膽固醇樹脂層的形成)A corona discharge treatment was performed on both surfaces of a transparent film (manufactured by OPTRONICS Co., Ltd., trade name "ZEONOR FILM ZF14-100") composed of an alicyclic olefin polymer. On the one surface of the film, a 5% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution was applied using a wire rod of #2, and the coating film was dried to form an alignment film having a film thickness of 0.1 μm. Next, this alignment film was subjected to a rubbing treatment to prepare a transparent resin substrate having an alignment film. (1-2: Formation of hardened cholesterol resin layer)
以下述組成,調製用以構成硬化膽固醇樹脂層的膽固醇液晶組成物。The cholesteric liquid crystal composition for constituting the hardened cholesterol resin layer was prepared in the following composition.
固形分率40重量%Solid fraction 40% by weight
具有液晶性化合物(Δn(ne-no)=0.18的棒狀液晶化合物 94.93重量單位Rod liquid crystal compound having liquid crystal compound (Δn(ne-no)=0.18 94.93 weight unit
光聚合起始劑(Ciba Specialty Chemicals股份有限公司製 商品名IRG907)3.1重量單位Photopolymerization initiator (product name IRG907, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd.) 3.1 weight unit
界面活性劑(清美化學股份有限公司製、商品名KH-40)0.11重量單位Surfactant (made by Qingmei Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name KH-40) 0.11 weight unit
對掌劑(BASF社製、商品名LC756)5.07重量單位For palm (BASF company, trade name LC756) 5.07 weight unit
溶媒 丁酮 154.82重量單位Solvent butanone 154.82 weight unit
對此膽固醇液晶組成物使用#8的導線棒,塗佈在上述(1-1)所調製具有配向膜之透明樹脂基材的具配向膜的面上。在攝氏100度下對塗膜進行5分鐘乾燥及配向熟成。將塗膜進一步在1.0毫焦/平方公分(UV-A:365奈米±5奈米)下照射紫外線、並保持攝氏100度、1分鐘,接著在500毫焦/平方公分下照射紫外線硬化塗膜,以製作得到具有乾燥膜厚4微米之硬化膽固醇樹脂層的圓偏振光分離薄板。使用分光光度計(日本分光社製JASCO V-550)測量所得圓偏振光分離薄板的反射光譜,分析出在600奈米以上750奈米以下的波長帶域中有反射率為50%。還有,在400奈米以上不足600奈米的波長帶域中,反射率平均為10%、反射率超過20%之波長帶域在400奈米以上不足600奈米的區域中不存在。The cholesteric liquid crystal composition was coated on the surface of the transparent resin substrate having the alignment film prepared by the above (1-1) using the lead bar of #8. The coating film was dried at 5 degrees Celsius for 5 minutes and conditioned. The coating film was further irradiated with ultraviolet light at 1.0 mJ/cm 2 (UV-A: 365 nm ± 5 nm) and kept at 100 ° C for 1 minute, followed by irradiation with UV curing at 500 mJ/cm 2 . A film was prepared to obtain a circularly polarized light separation sheet having a hardened cholesterol resin layer having a dry film thickness of 4 μm. The reflection spectrum of the obtained circularly polarized light separation sheet was measured using a spectrophotometer (JASCO V-550, manufactured by JASCO Corporation), and it was found that the reflectance was 50% in a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 750 nm or less. Further, in a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm, a wavelength band having an average reflectance of 10% and a reflectance of more than 20% does not exist in a region of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm.
製造例1中液晶化合物除了改使用下述重合性液晶化合物(1)95.1重量單位外其餘相同方式製作圓偏振光分離薄板。而且,化合物(1)可依日本專利特開2008-291218所記載之方法製造。使用分光光度計(日本分光社製JASCO V-550)測量所得圓偏振光分離薄板的反射光譜,分析出在600奈米以上750奈米以下的波長帶域中有反射率為50%。還有,在400奈米以上不足600奈米的波長帶域中,反射率平均為10%、反射率超過20%之波長帶域在400奈米以上不足600奈米的區域中不存在。In the liquid crystal compound of Production Example 1, a circularly polarized light separation sheet was produced in the same manner as in the following 95.1 weight unit of the above-mentioned superposed liquid crystal compound (1). Further, the compound (1) can be produced by the method described in JP-A-2008-291218. The reflection spectrum of the obtained circularly polarized light separation sheet was measured using a spectrophotometer (JASCO V-550, manufactured by JASCO Corporation), and it was found that the reflectance was 50% in a wavelength band of 600 nm or more and 750 nm or less. Further, in a wavelength band of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm, a wavelength band having an average reflectance of 10% and a reflectance of more than 20% does not exist in a region of 400 nm or more and less than 600 nm.
由甲基丙烯酸甲酯97.8重量%與甲基丙烯酸2.2重量%所構成之單體組成物藉由塊狀聚合法進行聚合,得到樹脂顆粒。A monomer composition composed of 99.8% by weight of methyl methacrylate and 2.2% by weight of methacrylic acid was polymerized by a bulk polymerization method to obtain resin particles.
以日本專利特公昭55-27576號公報的實施例3為準,製造橡膠粒子。此橡膠粒子具有球形3層結構,芯內層為甲基丙烯酸甲酯及少量甲基丙烯酸烯丙基的架橋聚合物,內層為作為主成分的丙烯酸丁基與苯乙烯及少量丙烯酸烯丙基架橋共聚合而得之軟質彈性共聚物,外層為甲基丙烯酸甲酯及少量乙基丙烯酸的硬質聚合物。還有,內層的平均粒子徑為0.19微米,包含外層之粒徑為0.22微米。Rubber particles were produced in accordance with Example 3 of Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 55-27576. The rubber particles have a spherical three-layer structure, the core inner layer is a bridge polymer of methyl methacrylate and a small amount of allyl methacrylate, and the inner layer is a butyl acrylate and styrene as a main component and a small amount of allyl acrylate. A soft elastic copolymer obtained by bridging copolymerization, and the outer layer is a hard polymer of methyl methacrylate and a small amount of ethacrylic acid. Further, the inner layer had an average particle diameter of 0.19 μm and the outer layer had a particle diameter of 0.22 μm.
混合上述樹脂顆粒70重量單位與上述橡膠粒子30重量單位,以二軸押出機進行溶融混練,得到甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物組成物A(玻璃轉移溫度攝氏105度)。70 parts by weight of the above-mentioned resin particles and 30 parts by weight of the above-mentioned rubber particles were mixed and kneaded by a two-axis extruder to obtain a methacrylate polymer composition A (glass transition temperature of 105 ° C).
上述甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物組成物A(b層)及苯乙烯-無水順丁烯二酸共聚物(玻璃轉移溫度攝氏130度)(a層)在溫度為攝氏280度下共押出成形,得到b層/a層/b層的三層結構且各層平均厚度為45/70/45(微米)的多層薄膜。此層積薄膜在拉幅形延伸機中,將延遲軸相對於MD方向傾斜45度方向,並於延伸溫度攝氏134度,延伸倍率1.8倍下斜向延伸,得到光學異方性層。The above methacrylate polymer composition A (b layer) and styrene-anhydrous maleic acid copolymer (glass transition temperature of 130 degrees Celsius) (layer a) are co-extruded at a temperature of 280 degrees Celsius to obtain A multilayer film of a b-layer/a-layer/b-layer three-layer structure and each layer having an average thickness of 45/70/45 (micrometers). In the tenter type stretching machine, the laminated film was inclined at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the MD direction, and obliquely extended at an extension temperature of 134 degrees Celsius and a stretching magnification of 1.8 times to obtain an optical anisotropic layer.
光學異方性層的正面方向遲延是140奈米,厚度方向遲延是-85奈米(各數值為延伸後的測量值。)。進一步對此光學異方性層的一面施加濕指數為56達因/公分的電暈放電處理。此光學異方性層使用下述相位差薄膜。The retardation in the front direction of the optical anisotropy layer was 140 nm, and the retardation in the thickness direction was -85 nm (each value is the measured value after the extension). Further, a corona discharge treatment having a wet index of 56 dynes/cm was applied to one side of the optical anisotropic layer. This optical anisotropic layer used the following retardation film.
將製造例1中所得之圓偏振光分離薄板與製造例3所得相位差薄膜以接著劑貼合,得到選擇反射元件。The circularly polarized light separation sheet obtained in Production Example 1 and the retardation film obtained in Production Example 3 were bonded together with an adhesive to obtain a selective reflection element.
在此,作為接著劑,先調製由乙烯-乙烯醋酸共聚物乳液(不揮發成分40重量%、乙烯醋酸含有率40重量%)40重量單位、石油樹脂乳液(不揮發成分40重量%、樹脂軟化點攝氏85度)35重量單位、及石蠟蠟乳液(不揮發成分40重量%、樹脂軟化點攝氏64)10重量單位所構成、在攝氏23度下剪斷儲藏彈性率為10百萬帕之接著劑組成物,於此接著劑組成物混合直徑4微米的微粒子(形狀:球狀、材料:聚苯乙烯、屈折率:1.59)方式使用。將此接著劑以乾燥後平均厚度為20微米方式層積於前述圓偏振光分離薄板的硬化液晶層上,使用HAZE(HAZE卡II(東洋精機股份有限公司製),並以JIS K7136為基準進行測量,得到60%。使用層壓機對此面和前述相位差薄膜的電暈處理面,在攝氏80度、2公斤力/50毫米的壓力下進行貼合,以得到選擇反射元件。Here, as an adhesive, 40 parts by weight of an ethylene-ethylene acetate copolymer emulsion (40% by weight of a nonvolatile component and 40% by weight of an ethylene acetate), a petroleum resin emulsion (40% by weight of a nonvolatile matter, and softening of the resin) were prepared. 35 degrees Celsius, 35 weight units, and 10 parts by weight of paraffin wax emulsion (40% by weight of nonvolatile matter, 64 points of softening of resin), and the storage elastic modulus is 10 MPa at 23 degrees Celsius. The composition of the composition was used in such a manner that fine particles (shape: spherical shape, material: polystyrene, refractive index: 1.59) having a diameter of 4 μm were mixed. The adhesive was laminated on the hardened liquid crystal layer of the circularly polarized light separation sheet in an average thickness of 20 μm after drying, and HAZE (HAZE card II (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.) was used, and JIS K7136 was used as a reference. The measurement was carried out to obtain 60%. The corona-treated surface of this surface and the aforementioned retardation film was bonded using a laminator at a pressure of 80 ° C, 2 kg force / 50 mm to obtain a selective reflection element.
分解搭載有作為光源之4CCFL的市售液晶顯示裝置(i),將上述(1-a)所得之選擇反射元件安裝於背光的射出面上,重新組裝,即得到液晶顯示裝置(ii)。液晶顯示裝置(ii)之主要構成要素依序有背光裝置(包括4CCFL、反射板、光擴散板、擴散薄板及前述安裝之選擇反射元件)、偏光板、液晶面板及偏光板。A commercially available liquid crystal display device (i) equipped with a 4CCFL as a light source is decomposed, and the selective reflection element obtained in the above (1-a) is mounted on an emission surface of the backlight, and reassembled to obtain a liquid crystal display device (ii). The main constituent elements of the liquid crystal display device (ii) include a backlight device (including a 4CCFL, a reflection plate, a light diffusion plate, a diffusion thin plate, and the selected selective reflection element), a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, and a polarizing plate.
作為液晶顯示裝置(i)及(ii)光源的4CCFL除了包括有峰值波長約430奈米~500奈米範圍的藍色亮線、峰值波長約540奈米的綠色亮線以外,另有峰值波長約611奈米及約658奈米的2個紅色亮線。The 4CCFLs as liquid crystal display devices (i) and (ii) light sources include peak wavelengths in addition to blue bright lines having a peak wavelength of about 430 nm to 500 nm and green bright lines having a peak wavelength of about 540 nm. About 611 nm and 2 red highlights of about 658 nm.
上述(1-b)所得液晶顯示裝置(ii)在電壓調整使藍、綠、紅各畫素中的光透過率為100%後,藉由視野角測量裝置(Autronic Melchers股份有限公司製ERGOSCOPE)測量紅畫面顯示時的正面亮度以及白畫面顯示時正面亮度與色度座標(x,y)。結果如表1所示。The liquid crystal display device (ii) obtained in the above (1-b) is subjected to voltage adjustment so that the light transmittance of each of the blue, green, and red pixels is 100%, and the viewing angle measuring device (ERGOSCOPE, manufactured by Autronic Melchers Co., Ltd.) Measure the front brightness of the red screen display and the front brightness and chromaticity coordinates (x, y) when the white screen is displayed. The results are shown in Table 1.
對前述液晶顯示裝置(i)實施與實施例1之(1-C)相同的測量。結果如表1所示。The same measurement as (1-C) of Example 1 was carried out on the liquid crystal display device (i) described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
除了使用搭載有作為光源之長波長3CCFL的市售液晶顯示裝置(iii)代替液晶顯示裝置(i)外,其餘與實施例1相同方式操作,製作得到液晶顯示裝置(iv),並進行測量。結果如表1所示。A liquid crystal display device (iv) was produced and measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a commercially available liquid crystal display device (iii) equipped with a long-wavelength 3CCFL as a light source was used instead of the liquid crystal display device (i). The results are shown in Table 1.
液晶顯示裝置(iv)之主要構成要素依序有背光裝置(包括長波長3CCFL、反射板、光擴散板、擴散薄板及前述安裝之選擇反射元件)、原來安裝液晶顯示裝置的偏光板、液晶面板及偏光板。The main components of the liquid crystal display device (iv) include a backlight device (including a long-wavelength 3CCFL, a reflection plate, a light diffusion plate, a diffusion thin plate, and the selected selective reflection element), a polarizing plate on which a liquid crystal display device is originally mounted, and a liquid crystal panel. And polarizing plates.
作為液晶顯示裝置(iii)及(iv)光源的長波長3CCFL除了包括有峰值波長約430奈米以上500奈米以下範圍的藍色亮線、峰值波長約540奈米的綠色亮線以外,另有峰值波長約658奈米的1個紅色亮線。The long-wavelength 3CCFL which is a light source of the liquid crystal display devices (iii) and (iv) includes, in addition to a blue bright line having a peak wavelength of about 430 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and a green bright line having a peak wavelength of about 540 nm. There is a red bright line with a peak wavelength of about 658 nm.
除了改使用製造例2所得圓偏振光分離薄板外,其餘與實施例1相同方式製作液晶顯示裝置,進行與實施例1相同的測量,結果如表1所示。A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the circularly polarized light separating sheet obtained in Production Example 2 was used. The same measurement as in Example 1 was carried out, and the results are shown in Table 1.
除了改使用製造例2所得圓偏振光分離薄板外,其餘與實施例2相同方式製作液晶顯示裝置,進行與實施例1相同的測量,結果如表1所示。A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the circularly polarized light separating sheet obtained in Production Example 2 was used. The same measurement as in Example 1 was carried out, and the results are shown in Table 1.
就前述液晶顯示裝置(iii)進行與實施例1的(1-C)相同的測量。結果如表1所示。The same measurement as (1-C) of Example 1 was carried out with respect to the liquid crystal display device (iii) described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
表1中白平衡的評估方法如下所示。The evaluation method of white balance in Table 1 is as follows.
將搭載有作為光源之4CCFL的市售液晶顯示裝置(i),在白畫面顯示下所量測出的色度座標(x,y)以及前述液晶顯示裝置(i)在電壓調整使藍、綠、紅各畫素中的光透過率為100%後,於此液晶顯示裝置(i)上將上述(1-a)所得之選擇反射元件安裝於背光出射面上並重新組裝,於白畫面顯示下所量測出的色度座標(x,y)間的差(實施例1),或與在未安裝選擇反射元件時於白畫面顯示下所量測出的色度座標(x,y)間的差(比較例1)在±0‧002以下之情形為良,超過±0.002之情形為不良。A commercially available liquid crystal display device (i) equipped with a 4CCFL as a light source, the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) measured under the white screen display and the liquid crystal display device (i) are adjusted in voltage to make blue and green After the light transmittance of each of the red pixels is 100%, the selective reflection element obtained in the above (1-a) is mounted on the backlight emission surface and reassembled on the liquid crystal display device (i) to be displayed on a white screen. The difference between the measured chromaticity coordinates (x, y) (Example 1), or the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) measured under the white screen display when the selective reflection element is not installed The difference between the two (Comparative Example 1) is better than ±0‧002 or less, and the case of exceeding ±0.002 is bad.
將搭載有作為光源之長波長3CCFL的市售液晶顯示裝置(iii),在白畫面顯示下所量測出的色度座標(x,y),與前述液晶顯示裝置(iii)在電壓調整使藍、綠、紅各畫素中的光透過率為100%後,於此液晶顯示裝置(iii)上將上述(1-a)所得之選擇反射元件安裝於背光出射面上並重新組裝,於白畫面顯示下所量測出的色度座標(x,y)間的差(實施例2),或在未安裝選擇反射元件時於白畫面顯示下所量測出的色度座標(x,y)間的差(比較例2)在±0.002以下之情形為良,超過±0.002之情形為不良。A commercially available liquid crystal display device (iii) equipped with a long-wavelength 3CCFL as a light source, a chromaticity coordinate (x, y) measured under a white screen display, and a voltage adjustment of the liquid crystal display device (iii) After the light transmittance in each of the blue, green, and red pixels is 100%, the selective reflection element obtained in the above (1-a) is mounted on the backlight emission surface and reassembled on the liquid crystal display device (iii). The white screen displays the difference between the measured chromaticity coordinates (x, y) (Example 2), or the chromaticity coordinates measured by the white screen display when the selective reflection element is not mounted (x, The difference between y) (Comparative Example 2) is good when it is ±0.002 or less, and it is bad when it exceeds ±0.002.
還有,色度座標(x,y)是藉由視野角測量裝置(Autronic Melchers股份有限公司製ERGOSCOPE)測量得到。Further, the chromaticity coordinates (x, y) were measured by a viewing angle measuring device (ERGOSCOPE, manufactured by Autronic Melchers Co., Ltd.).
由表1所示之結果可知,具有特定選擇反射元件實施例的液晶顯示裝置在紅色正面亮度、白色正面亮度及白畫面顯示時的白平衡為良好,相對於此,比較例液晶顯示裝置在紅色正面亮度、白色正面亮度及白畫面顯示時的白平衡為劣。As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, the liquid crystal display device having the specific selective reflection element embodiment has good white balance in red front luminance, white front luminance, and white screen display. In contrast, the liquid crystal display device of the comparative example is in red. The front brightness, the white front brightness, and the white balance when the white screen is displayed are inferior.
100...背光裝置100. . . Backlight device
101...光擴散板101. . . Light diffuser
101A...線狀稜鏡101A. . . Linear 稜鏡
101B...稜鏡條列101B. . . Column
102...光源(冷陰極管)102. . . Light source (cold cathode tube)
103...反射板103. . . Reflective plate
111A...光出射面111A. . . Light exit surface
250...選擇反射元件250. . . Selective reflective element
251...圓偏振光分離薄板251. . . Circularly polarized light separation sheet
252...相位差薄膜252. . . Phase difference film
第1圖示係繪示本發明背光裝置之一實例概略的斜視圖。Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an outline of an example of a backlight device of the present invention.
第2圖係繪示第1圖所示之背光裝置概略的側面圖。Fig. 2 is a side view showing the outline of the backlight device shown in Fig. 1.
第3圖係繪示本發明背光裝置可用作為光源之冷陰極管發光光譜的圖形。Figure 3 is a graph showing the luminescence spectrum of a cold cathode tube which can be used as a light source in the backlight device of the present invention.
第4圖係繪示將第3圖圖形之波長600奈米以上700奈米以下的區域放大,顯示主要亮線的半值寬區域的圖形。Fig. 4 is a view showing a region in which the wavelength of the graph of Fig. 3 is 600 nm or more and 700 nm or less, and the half-value width region of the main bright line is displayed.
101...光擴散板101. . . Light diffuser
102...光源(冷陰極管)102. . . Light source (cold cathode tube)
103...反射板103. . . Reflective plate
111A...光出射面111A. . . Light exit surface
250...選擇反射元件250. . . Selective reflective element
251...圓偏振光分離薄板251. . . Circularly polarized light separation sheet
252...相位差薄膜252. . . Phase difference film
Claims (5)
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JP2005017466A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Nitto Denko Corp | Optical element, collecting backlight system, and liquid crystal display device |
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TW512305B (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2002-12-01 | Seiko Epson Inc | Liquid crystal device and electronic apparatus using the same |
JP2003294948A (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-15 | Nitto Denko Corp | Band filter and surface light source device using the same |
JP2004318066A (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-11-11 | Nitto Denko Corp | Manufacturing method of wide band cholesteric liquid crystal film, circular polarizing plate, linear polarizing element, illuminating device and liquid crystal display |
JP2005017466A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2005-01-20 | Nitto Denko Corp | Optical element, collecting backlight system, and liquid crystal display device |
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