TWI465214B - 口部照顧器具(二) - Google Patents
口部照顧器具(二) Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for use in the oral cavity, larynx, bronchial passages or nose; Tongue scrapers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for use in the oral cavity, larynx, bronchial passages or nose; Tongue scrapers
- A61B17/244—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for use in the oral cavity, larynx, bronchial passages or nose; Tongue scrapers for cleaning of the tongue
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B15/00—Other brushes; Brushes with additional arrangements
- A46B15/0055—Brushes combined with other articles normally separate from the brushing process, e.g. combs, razors, mirrors
- A46B15/0081—Brushes with a scraper, e.g. tongue scraper
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C15/00—Devices for cleaning between the teeth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B15/00—Other brushes; Brushes with additional arrangements
- A46B15/0055—Brushes combined with other articles normally separate from the brushing process, e.g. combs, razors, mirrors
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Description
本申請案係部份延續自申請於2004年11月15日、標題為“口部照顧器具”的美國專利申請案第10/986,809號,其係部份延續自申請於2004年6月18日、標題為“口部照顧器具”的美國專利申請案第10/869,922號,其係部份延續自申請於2003年6月20日、標題為“帶有舌部清潔構件之牙刷”的美國專利申請案第10/601,106號,且請求申請於2004年8月11日、標題為“加入感覺化學品於牙刷”的美國暫時申請案第60/600,701號的權益。上述申請案的內容併入本文作為參考資料。
一般而言,本發明係有關於一種口部照顧器具,且更特別的是,有關於一種在使用時釋出化學品於口腔內的牙刷。
牙刷係藉由從牙齒表面去除齒菌斑與殘渣而用來清潔牙齒。根據美國牙醫協會,健康人的口臭源由是微生物沈積於舌頭上,藏匿於其組織的細菌包覆(bacterial coating)與殘渣都會造成口臭。口腔內的組織,特別是舌頭,是生長微生物的天堂。乳突樣的舌表面產生一有極大表面積之生態場所,這特別有利於口部細菌的累積。滯留於舌部及口中其他組織的厭氧菌與細菌對長期性口臭(halitosis)的發展則扮演重要的角色。一般而言,細菌產生揮發性硫化物(VSC)。如果累積足夠的硫化物,結果導致口臭或口部惡臭。
儘管消費者試圖清潔舌部或牙齒,到目前為止沒有一種牙刷可在口腔中提供化學感覺反應以增加使用者的刷牙經驗。再者,也沒有提供消費者一種選擇提供感覺反應的牙刷的視覺方法。因此,亟須一種在與口腔組織接觸時可提供生化感覺效果的牙刷以及一種在使用前視覺傳達感覺效果給使用者的方法。
本發明係有關於一種口部照顧器具,例如牙刷,其係包含在與使用者口腔的組織和表面接觸時產生一選擇性感覺反應的感覺材料。
在一具體實施例中,牙刷包含在使用時產生三叉神經反應的可釋出材料。在另一個具體實施例中,牙刷包含加上可釋出材料的組織清潔器。
在另一個具體實施例中,牙刷包含一傳達元件,例如二維或三維的形狀,其係視覺表示該感覺反應給使用者。
在第1圖中,口部照顧器具(例如,牙刷100)包含一握把103與一供清潔口腔中牙齒及軟組織的頭部105。儘管是以牙刷100為例圖示及說明口部照顧器具,應瞭解,本發明也涵蓋可用於口腔之其他器具,例如牙籤、舌頭清潔器、等等。握把103使得一使用者能握住及操作該牙刷,且可經形成成各種不同形狀及構造,其係包含(但不受限於)彈性體、聚丙烯、SAN、ABS、或紙製品,例如典型的棒棒糖棒。雖然通常相對於握把頸部該頭部較寬,但在某些構造中頭部僅僅為握把的連續延伸或變窄。
牙刷頭105上有支撐牙齒清潔元件109的第一面107。在其對面的第二面111包含一薄片之可釋出材料300於頭部105的表面或內部。儘管圖示可釋出材料300是在對面的第二面111上,應瞭解,若合意,它可配置或內含於口部照顧器具的其他位置。牙齒清潔元件109可包含用於擦淨、清潔、及/或按摩使用者牙齒與牙齦的絲狀刷毛或彈性體指狀物或牆狀物。若合意,可使用本技藝所習知的其他類型之牙齒清潔元件。
感覺材料300可為任一用於口部有適當生物相容性的藥物或化學品。釋出該材料300於口腔、嘴唇、或臉頰內有數種方法,包含(但不受限於)摩擦法、溫度改變法、酸鹼值改變法、或溶解法。在一具體實施例中,該材料為一提供生化感覺反應至口腔內部組織或表面的感覺劑(sensate)。據瞭解,此一感覺反應係因刺激人體的三叉神經所致。感覺劑通常產生無味覺之生理效應,一般是用清涼、刺痛、及溫暖(或溫熱)的用語表示該效應。
感覺劑通常源於不具揮發性且本身無氣味或味道的單一化合物。例如,經發現存在於天然辣椒中習知為辣椒素的化學品可用來提供刺痛、熱或溫和的訊息,或熱或溫和、鎮靜的感覺作用於使用者。在局部塗抹時習知辣椒素也提供解痛及麻醉的感覺作用。產生清涼感覺的感覺劑之例子包含薄荷腦與樟腦。大部份的聚醇,包含:麥芽糖醇糖漿、山梨糖醇、甘露蜜醇、赤藻糖醇、巴糖醇、及木糖醇,也提供清涼感覺。最涼的聚醇,即赤藻糖醇提供顯著的清涼感覺。赤藻糖醇與木糖醇兩者都可使口腔清涼且用來對付一般與處方藥品和牙科用衛生產品有關的口腔乾燥的感覺。赤藻糖醇天生為4碳結構。木糖醇是在水果及蔬菜中被發現且在人體系統中以少量新陳代謝中間體(metabolic intermediate)製成之5碳糖。
在另一個具體實施例中,該感覺材料係供作為在人體中產生嗅覺反應的香料。據一般所瞭解的,香料包含有揮發性且產生芳香效果刺激嗅球(olfactory bulb)的化合物之混合物。香料通常通過鼻腔通道(nasal passage)傳輸,而香料的選定及用途經常與消費者的某些利益有關,例如用於舒緩或放鬆壓力的薰衣草。另一香料的例子為甘菊,它有強烈的香味且經常用來治療胃痛以及作為助眠用之鬆弛劑。甘菊也用來作為治療口腔炎(oral mucositis)(沿消化道排列的黏膜細胞的浮腫、發炎、潰瘍)的漱口藥。在另一個具體實施例中,可釋出材料包含感覺劑成分與香料成分。
在一具體實施例中,感覺材料300可與任一二維或三維的形狀組合以提供使用者在使用牙刷100時可體驗到的香味或三叉神經感覺的符號或視覺傳達表現。在二維構造中,可提供該可釋出材料作為具有一有香料或感覺劑物質塗層的貼花(decal)以便有想要的生化感覺反應。在三維構造中,可釋出材料400(第6圖)係由頭部105凸起且其外形的等高線有物理變化。因此,便於以牙刷100視覺傳達香料及/或感覺特徵給使用者。
在第2圖的具體實施例中,該感覺材料302係供作為檸檬香料且置於有視覺外表及/或像實際檸檬的表面結構的形狀內。更一般而言,牙刷可具有水果香料且為可釋出材料之載體的形狀可為任何水果,例如柳橙、草莓、莓果、葡萄、蘋果、薄荷、檸檬、酸橙、等等。當然,若合意可使用其他的香料及視覺傳達元件。因此,使用者可藉由特定的視覺特徵選擇性選定有合意香味之牙刷。
在另一個具體實施例中,牙刷設有一傳達元件,其係向使用者暗示清涼或溫熱的感覺。例如,第3圖中,雪花元件304暗示使用產生清涼感覺或感覺反應的感覺劑材料。暗示清涼感覺的其他非限制性傳達元件的例子包含冰、冰塊、冰山、冰柱、北極熊、低溫溫度計、雪、雪山、冬季景象、等等視像。在第4圖中,用火焰視覺表示的傳達元件306暗示溫熱感覺。暗示溫熱感覺的其他非限制性傳達元件的例子包含蠟燭、氣焰、燃燒中的木頭、燃燒中的木炭、沙溴、高溫溫度計、火爐、烤箱、太陽、噴火器、等等視像。同樣地,表示刺痛感覺的傳達元件可表現為振動圖、閃電、釘針、等等。以此方式,用來使一使用者能針對想要的感覺藉由所提供的圖片或傳達特徵立即選定特定牙刷或其他的口部照顧器具。
在一具體實施例中,第5圖圖示用來作為營養或草本補充物(例如維他命或無機物)且形狀為葉子(例如蘆薈葉子)的感覺材料308。這種材料可結合鎮靜或海風的感覺以產生感覺與營養的組合效果。不過,可提供其他形狀於該可釋出材料。
在其他具體實施例中,材料300包含可釋出活性劑,例如HUMPHRIES 3T M
或苯若可因(麻藥)可用來減輕嬰孩或兒童出乳牙或牙齦的疼痛。其他順勢療法的出乳牙或發炎鎮靜添加劑包含(但不受限於)莨菪(學名為atropa belladonna)、咖啡因、時鐘草(西番蓮)。在另一個具體實施例中,動物卡因(zo-caine)類型之藥物可用來作為供減重治療用之胃口抑制藥。在另一具體實施例中,可釋出材料可為阿斯匹靈及其類似物。其他的具體實施例包含用來清除或抑制脫落及未脫落口部結構及/或組織之生物膜進一步累積的材料,或者是能刺激唾液流動從而暫時減輕口乾燥病或口腔乾燥的材料。因此,提供有藥效或感覺反應的各種其他化學品可用於口部照顧器具。在各種情況中,可呈現相關圖片以傳達該有益效果,例如以抽痛牙齒表示的苯若可因(麻藥)、以帶有減肥腰圍的人體圖表示的動物卡因類型之藥物、或以“Rx”符號表示的解痛藥效。
在一具體實施例中,以至少一固態可溶解的小珠或封裝於可溶解或可破裂的外部覆蓋物(例如,容器)的液體的形式提供可釋出材料300、302、304、306、308。因此,可用使用者的牙齒咬破或用唾液溶解可釋出材料以便釋出液體於口腔內。
在另一個具體實施例中,在有生物相容性、用於口腔衛生裝置的彈性材料中提供可釋出材料300、302、304、306、308。加入該彈性材料於彈性體材料內較佳。在其他具體實施例中,可將該彈性體材料模製成合意之形狀用來以符號表示感覺劑材料的香料或生化反應。為提供口腔舒適性,彈性體材料的硬度範圍在A8至A25蕭氏硬度之間較佳。彈性體材料的非限定性例子為苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SBS)、苯乙烯-乙烯/丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)、由GLS公司製造命名為G6725的另一種材料、以及任何直接或間接食品接觸等級的熱塑性塑膠彈性體。在一構造中,聚烯烴(polyolefin)內可加入該彈性材料。然而,可使用其他製造商的材料或硬度在上述範圍內與外的其他材料。
在一構造中,可以溶液、乳膠、或微膠囊(microencapsulation)的形式提供可釋出材料,然後予以沈積或塗佈以形成連續或半連續式塗層於彈性體材料表面。然後已沉積之溶液、乳膠、或微膠囊可用空氣乾燥、以熱協助固化、以催化劑協助固化、或以紫外線激活固化。然而,有可能用其他方法固化塗層。
在另一構造中,可將可釋出材料整合併入彈性體材料以形成口部照顧器具之一部份藉此可由彈性體材料內釋出感覺劑或香料或兩者。可將可釋出材料合成於彈性體及/或熱塑性塑膠內。替換地,可嵌入可釋出材料而成為微膠囊樣式,然後合成於彈性體及/或熱塑性塑膠內。以此方式,在使用口部照顧器具時可大體均勻地釋出該可釋出材料。在這些配置中,有彈性可釋出材料為一同質元件。該可釋出材料在接觸時向外遷移且轉移至口腔軟組織。該可釋出材料在最終合成於彈性體材料內之前或在最終塗佈之前可用以水凝膠為基底、可溶於水的聚合物或其他生物材料預先合成或預先配方。
可釋出材料係提供香料、風味、或生化感覺或刷牙時的好處、或多次使用時的好處較佳、或有3個月使用期間的好處更佳。因此,在每天使用該牙刷持續3個月之後,牙刷有“使用指示器”(例如,向使用者傳達感覺材料“耗盡”的特徵)。以此方式,使用者可視覺識別有想要香料及/或感覺的牙刷且用一種有趣的方法知道何時要換新牙刷。例如,火焰306(第4圖)開始時為鮮紅,然後在感覺材料消耗時逐漸失去強度(或變暗,例如)。
在第6圖中所示之一具體實施例中,組織清潔器400由柔軟圓滑的彈性體材料組成較佳,用來舒服地清除且有效地去除滯留於口腔組織(例如舌部、臉頰的內表面、牙齦、以及嘴唇)內的細菌及殘渣。組織清潔器400包含至少一供清潔口部組織的組織接合元件402。彈性體構造中之組織清潔器400可加入先前具體實施例所述之可釋出材料。在圖示具體實施例中,提供葉子形狀之組織清潔器400用以視覺表示營養值與清潔效果。替換地,該葉子可為薄荷葉的形狀用以視覺表示薄荷味道或感覺。
在第7圖至第8圖中,該可釋出材料300係加於一在組織清潔器404下的低窪區113。路徑或開口406均設於彈性體表面408內以使流體,例如唾液,可溶解可釋出材料使得溶液中之化學品可流入使用者口腔。替換地,該可釋出材料可為流體或為封裝於組織清潔器402內的膠體使得藉由壓擠彈性體表面408可擠壓流體通過開口406且進入使用者的口腔。在這兩個構造中,通過結合以機械式洗刷組織表面的組織清潔器404以及將香料或感覺劑塗於口腔四周的有利效果可清潔口腔中的組織表面。
用多個組織接合元件402組態該等組織清潔器400、404較佳,形成多個小塊體(nub)的構造較佳,且以下為求簡化而以“小塊體”說明組織接合元件402。本文所用之“小塊體”的意思大體包含由底部表面直立的柱狀突出物(不受限於突出物的橫截面形狀)。一般而言,較佳構造中之小塊體,其高度大於小塊體底部的寬度(在最長方向測量)。然而,小塊體可包含寬度與高度大致相同或高度稍微小於底部寬度的凸出物。此外,在某些情況下(例如,小塊體向著尖端變尖或包含變窄成為較小凸出物的底部部份),底部寬度可約略大於高度。
當接合或以其他方式磨擦舌部表面時,例如,小塊體402提供溫和的接合於軟組織。此外,該等小塊體402為柔軟的較佳以便在有需要時撓曲以便來回移動並且清潔口腔中之組織表面。在較佳構造中,在使用期間小塊體402能夠在有側向壓力時各自從彼等之垂直軸線撓曲且彎曲。撓曲作用可加強軟組織表面的舒適性與清潔。
在第7圖至第8圖中之具體實施例中,低窪區可加上第一可釋出材料,而形成小塊體的材料可加入第二可釋出材料(如第6圖所述),以產生組合式的感覺效果。例如,第一可釋出材料可包含香料,而第二可釋出材料可包含感覺劑,反之亦然,以做出以強效香料為基底的感覺劑,藉此產生,例如,清涼有香草味的經驗,或溫熱有桂皮香料的經驗。
這種組合經驗同樣可應用於本文所述之其他具體實施例,因為可釋出材料在口部照顧器具中可改變位置與性質。例如,口部照顧器具可組合雪花圖片(第3圖)於檸檬內(第2圖),或使雪花緊鄰於檸檬,用來表示或視覺傳達像檸檬一樣的清涼感覺。同樣地,口部照顧器具可組合薄荷葉(第6圖)與雪花(第3圖)以表示有薄荷的清涼感覺。本發明也涵蓋其他的感覺變化與組合。
儘管已用數個具體實施例詳細描述本發明,但不希望本發明受限於任何細節或具體實施例或任何特定具體實施例,而是應理解為申請專利範圍的參考資料,是用來以先前技術的觀點提供申請專利範圍的最廣泛之可能解釋,以便有效涵蓋本發明的預期範疇。例如,儘管視覺傳達元件通常直接關連於可釋出材料的感覺反應,但該元件仍可間接關連於特定經驗用來傳達訊息。例如,基於人體解剖結構(例如舌、手、耳、頭、或性別的)的特徵視圖可用來表示以此等結構為標的的感覺材料,其中可用耳朵視覺表示治療耳痛的材料。同樣,可用女性圖像視覺表示有花香的材料,而可用男性圖像視覺表示麝香香味。其他間接視覺傳達元件包含運動設備,例如棒球、籃球、足球、曲棍球橡皮圓盤、棒球球棒、網球拍、曲棍球桿、等等,可表示設計用於運動活動的感覺或活性材料,例如,增強體能的材料、維他命、無機物、及其類似物。
此外,儘管將可釋出材料配置於或加入口部照顧器具要插入口腔的部份較佳,但視覺傳達元件仍可與不預期插入口腔的元件結合,例如握把或其類似物。例如,代替(或除了)第2圖可釋出材料302的形狀為檸檬,握把103的形狀可為檸檬,或有基於檸檬的傳達元件,以視覺傳達可釋出材料302的感覺效果。因此,傳達元件可與可釋出材料完全分開,仍可傳達感覺效果給消費者。
100...牙刷
103...握把
105...頭部
107...第一面
109...牙齒清潔元件
111...第二面
113...低窪區
300...可釋出材料
302...可釋出材料
304...可釋出材料
306...可釋出材料
308...可釋出材料
400...組織清潔器
402...組織接合元件
404...組織清潔器
406...開口
408...彈性體表面
第1圖至第7圖各為本發明口部照顧器具替代具體實施例之示意圖;以及第8圖為沿著第7圖直線8-8繪出的橫截面圖。
100...牙刷
103...握把
105...頭部
107...第一面
109...牙齒清潔元件
111...第二面
300...可釋出材料
Claims (30)
- 一種口部照顧器具,其係包含:具有一第一面之一牙刷頭及加上於該牙刷頭之該第一面之一感覺材料,其中在該口部照顧器具插入一使用者口腔時,該感覺材料產生一三叉神經感覺反應;以及其中,該感覺材料具有一形狀,以提供表示該三叉神經感覺反應之一符號傳達外表。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,更包含一包含該感覺材料之彈性體材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,更包含該感覺材料之一表面塗層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中係將該感覺材料加入於一彈性體內。
- 如申請專利覺範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中該感覺材料包含一感覺劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中該感覺材料為一在使用時產生嗅覺反應的香料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中該形狀暗示一清涼感覺。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中該形狀暗示一溫熱感覺。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中該形狀暗示一刺痛感覺。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中該牙刷頭包含多個由在該第一面對面的第二面延伸的牙齒清潔元件。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,更包含一包含該感覺材料之組織清潔器,該組織清潔器包含至少一用於清潔口腔軟組織的凸出物。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項之口部照顧器具,更包含一頭部,其係包含多個由該頭部延伸的牙齒清潔元件且該組織清潔器係經配置於在該等牙齒清潔元件對面的該頭部上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,更包含一包含該感覺材料之組織清潔器且該組織清潔器包含至少一開口用以與該感覺材料流體連通以便釋出該感覺材料至使用者的口腔內。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口部照顧器具,其中該三叉神經感覺反應係由以下各種感覺所組成之群中選出:清涼感覺、溫熱感覺、以及刺痛感覺。
- 一種口部照顧器具,其係包含:至少一感覺材料,於使用時在口腔中產生一感覺反應;至少一傳達元件,視覺地表示該感覺反應;以及其中,該至少一傳達元件包括該至少一感覺材料,且其中該至少一感覺材料係為一化學品、一藥物或一香料。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之口部照顧器具,其中該至少一感覺材料為感覺劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之口部照顧器具,其中該至少一感覺材料為香料。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之口部照顧器具,其係更包含至少一為感覺劑之感覺材料與至少一為香料之感覺材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之口部照顧器具,更包含一關連於該至少一感覺劑之第一傳達元件以及一關連於該至少一香料之第二傳達元件。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之口部照顧器具,其中該感覺材料係內含於一彈性體。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之口部照顧器具,更包含該感覺材料之一表面塗層。
- 如申請專利範圍第20項之口部照顧器具,其中係將該感覺材料植入於該彈性體內。
- 一種在使用者之口腔內提供三叉神經感覺反應的方法,其係包含使該口腔與一口部照顧器具接觸的步驟,該口部照顧器具包含一成分,該成分包含一感覺材料,在使用於該口腔內時,該感覺材料產生一生化三叉神經感覺反應,其中該成分具有視覺地表示該生化三叉神經感覺反應之一符號傳達外表。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中該傳達外表暗示一清涼感覺。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中該傳達外表暗示一溫熱感覺。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中該傳達外表暗示一刺痛感覺。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中係加入該感覺材料於一彈性體內。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中該口部照顧器具更包含該感覺材料之一表面塗層。
- 如申請專利範圍第23項之方法,其中該感覺材料係內含於一在該口部照顧器具上之三維特徵。
- 如申請專利範圍第29項之方法,其中該三維特徵為一軟組織清潔器。
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- 2005-08-10 KR KR1020077005577A patent/KR101545345B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-08-10 AT AT05790748T patent/ATE493079T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-08-10 BR BRPI0514168-0A patent/BRPI0514168A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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