TWI460149B - 以氫氟烴類為底質之組成物 - Google Patents

以氫氟烴類為底質之組成物 Download PDF

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TWI460149B
TWI460149B TW098117452A TW98117452A TWI460149B TW I460149 B TWI460149 B TW I460149B TW 098117452 A TW098117452 A TW 098117452A TW 98117452 A TW98117452 A TW 98117452A TW I460149 B TWI460149 B TW I460149B
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tetrafluoropropene
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Wissam Rached
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Arkema France
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C21/00—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms
    • C07C21/02—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C07C21/18—Acyclic unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds containing fluorine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
    • C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
    • C08J9/146—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
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    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
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    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
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    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/32—The mixture being azeotropic

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Description

以氫氟烴類為底質之組成物
本發明關於含括氫氟烴類之組成物及其作為熱傳流體、發泡劑、溶劑及氣溶膠之用途。
蒙特婁(Montreal)會議處理耗盡大氣中臭氧層(ODP：臭氧耗盡潛能)之物質所引起的問題，其中簽署強制減少氯氟碳類(CFCs)之製造和使用之議定書。該議定書業已成為要求取消使用CFCs及對其他產品(包括氫氯氟碳類(HCFCs))延伸管控的多個修正議案之主題。
冷凍工業及提供空氣調節之致冷工業於此等冷凍劑之替代上已投資大筆經費並因此已於市場上販售氫氟碳類(HFCs)。
作為發泡劑或溶劑使用之(氫)氯氟碳類亦已被HFCs取代。
於機動車輛產業中，許多國家所販售之供車輛使用的空氣調節系統已將氯氟碳(CFC-12)冷凍劑轉換為較不傷害臭氧層之氫氟碳(1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷：HFC-134a)冷凍劑。然而，自京都(Kyoto)議定書所設定之多個目標觀之，HFC-134a(GWP=1300)被視為具有高熱力。冷凍劑對溫室效應之貢獻程度係經標準(GWP：全球暖化潛能)量化以表示熱力，其中以二氧化碳為參考值1。
二氧化碳係非毒性、不可燃且具有極低之GWP，因此已被提議作為空氣調節系統之冷凍劑以替代HFC-134a。然而，二氧化碳於使用上存有數個缺點，特別是有關於現有之裝置和技術下作為冷卻劑使用之極高壓力。
文件JP 4110388描述使用式C3 Hm Fn 之氫氟丙烯(其中m和n代表1至5(含)之整數且m+n=6)作為熱傳流體，特別是四氟丙烯和三氟丙烯。
文件WO 2004/037913揭示使用包含至少一種含有3或4個碳原子之氟鏈烯(特別是五氟丙烯和四氟丙烯，較佳地係GWP為至多150者)之組成物作為熱傳流體。
文件WO 2005/105947教示加入共發泡劑(諸如二氟甲烷(HFC-32)、五氟乙烷(HFC-125)、四氟乙烷、二氟乙烷、七氟丙烷、六氟丙烷、五氟丙烷、五氟丁烷、水及二氧化碳)至四氟丙烯(較佳地1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯)中。
文件WO 2006/094303揭示一種共沸組成物，其包含70.4重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(1234yf)和29.6重量%之1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a)。該文件亦揭示一種共沸組成物，其包含91重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯和9重量%之二氟乙烷(HFC-152a)。
本專利申請案之申請人現今已開發含括氫氟丙烯類之組成物，該組成物不具有上述之缺點且含有零ODP和比現有之HFCs(諸如R407C(HFC-134a(52重量%)、HFC-125(25重量%)及HFC-32(23重量%)之三元混合物))為低之GWP。
此外，該組成物係呈似共沸性(quasiazeotropic)。
本發明之組成物的特徵係包含10至90重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、5至85重量%之HFC-134a及2至20重量%之HFC-152a。
依據本發明之一較佳型式，該組成物包含2至15重量%之HFC-152a、15至70重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯及15至70重量%之HFC-134a。
包含10至11重量%之HFC-152a、82至83重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯及6至7重量%之HFC-134a的組成物係特別有益的。該等組成物係呈共沸性且於1巴絕對壓力下之沸點為-29.5℃(±0.5℃)。
有利地，本發明之組成物本質上包含2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、HFC-134a及HFC-152a作為氫氟碳類(飽和或未飽和)。
本發明之組成物可作為熱傳流體，且係特別適用於供空氣調節和加熱之壓縮系統(特別是熱泵)，且較佳地作為R407C和HFC-134a之替代物。該等組成物於新設置中可替代R407C，而該組成物則適合於取代現存設置和新設置中之HFC-134a。
本發明之組成物可包含2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯之安定劑。該安定劑占總組成物之至多5重量%。
可特別提及作為安定劑的是硝基甲烷、抗壞血酸、對酞酸、唑類(諸如甲苯三唑或苯並三唑)、酚化合物(諸如生育酚、氫醌、特丁基氫醌或2,6-二(特丁基)-4-甲基酚)、(烷基(可選擇地經氟化或全氟化)或烯基或芳香族)環氧化物(諸如正丁基縮水甘油醚、己二醇二縮水甘油醚、烯丙基縮水甘油醚或丁基苯基縮水甘油醚)、亞磷酸鹽、磷酸鹽、膦酸鹽或硫赶及內酯。
本發明之組成物可包含潤滑劑，諸如礦物油、烷基苯、聚伸烷基乙二醇及聚乙烯醚。
本發明之組成物可另外作為發泡劑、氣溶膠及溶劑。
本發明之組成物於空氣調節和熱泵操作條件下的實施功效係示於下述表中。各種成分(1234yf、134a及152a)之量係以重量%表示。
蒸發溫度：-5℃
冷凝溫度：70℃
壓縮機入口溫度：5℃
低溫冷卻液體之溫度：65℃
壓縮機之等熵功效：70%
Evap P：蒸發器內壓力
Cond P：冷凝器內壓力
比率：壓縮比
壓縮機出口T：壓縮機出口溫度
COP：實施功效係數且對於熱泵係被定義為由該系統所提供之有用熱動力對由該系統所導入或消耗之動力的比率。
該COP值係大於使用R407C所得之值且此外本發明之組成物係呈共沸性或似共沸性。
蒸發器上R407C之溫度滑動係4℃，而本發明之組成物係至多0.2℃。

Claims (10)

  1. 一種組成物，其包含10至90重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯、5至85重量%之HFC-134a及2至20重量%之HFC-152a。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中該組成物包含2至15重量%之HFC-152a、15至70重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯及15至70重量%之HFC-134a。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之組成物，其中該組成物包含10至11重量%之HFC-152a、82至83重量%之2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯及6至7重量%之HFC-134a。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1至2項中任一項之組成物，其中該組成物係呈(似)共沸性。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第3項之組成物，其中該組成物係呈共沸性。
  6. 一種熱傳流體，其包含如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之組成物。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之熱傳流體，其中該熱傳流體係於空氣調節和加熱中作為R407C和HFC-134a之替代物。
  8. 一種發泡劑，其包含如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之組成物。
  9. 一種氣溶膠，其包含如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之組成物。
  10. 一種溶劑，其包含如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之組成物。
TW098117452A 2008-06-11 2009-05-26 以氫氟烴類為底質之組成物 TWI460149B (zh)

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FR0853861A FR2932494B1 (fr) 2008-06-11 2008-06-11 Compositions a base d'hydrofluoroolefines

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CN (1) CN102066518B (zh)
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FR2932494B1 (fr) 2011-02-25
CN102066518A (zh) 2011-05-18
KR20110037950A (ko) 2011-04-13
PL2283103T3 (pl) 2015-04-30
JP5525518B2 (ja) 2014-06-18
TW201004903A (en) 2010-02-01
WO2010000995A3 (fr) 2010-03-04
KR20160054607A (ko) 2016-05-16
EP2283103B1 (fr) 2014-11-26
US8486294B2 (en) 2013-07-16
JP2011522949A (ja) 2011-08-04
EP2283103A2 (fr) 2011-02-16
FR2932494A1 (fr) 2009-12-18
CN102066518B (zh) 2013-12-25
US20110089366A1 (en) 2011-04-21
WO2010000995A2 (fr) 2010-01-07

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