TWI457011B - 用於藉聲波三角測量進行空間性選擇聲音擷取之裝置及方法 - Google Patents

用於藉聲波三角測量進行空間性選擇聲音擷取之裝置及方法 Download PDF

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TWI457011B
TWI457011B TW100144362A TW100144362A TWI457011B TW I457011 B TWI457011 B TW I457011B TW 100144362 A TW100144362 A TW 100144362A TW 100144362 A TW100144362 A TW 100144362A TW I457011 B TWI457011 B TW I457011B
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beamformer
signal
audio
audio signal
output signal
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TW201234872A (en
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Juergen Herre
Fabian Kuech
Markus Kallinger
Galdo Giovanni Del
Bernhard Grill
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Fraunhofer Ges Forschung
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/406Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/005Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for combining the signals of two or more microphones
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L21/00Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
    • G10L21/02Speech enhancement, e.g. noise reduction or echo cancellation
    • G10L21/0208Noise filtering
    • G10L21/0216Noise filtering characterised by the method used for estimating noise
    • G10L2021/02161Number of inputs available containing the signal or the noise to be suppressed
    • G10L2021/02166Microphone arrays; Beamforming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/40Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/4012D or 3D arrays of transducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2430/00Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2430/20Processing of the output signals of the acoustic transducers of an array for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
    • H04R2430/25Array processing for suppression of unwanted side-lobes in directivity characteristics, e.g. a blocking matrix

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. 一種用於自目標位置捕獲音訊資訊之裝置,該裝置包含:一第一波束形成器,該第一波束形成器配置在一記錄環境中且具有一第一記錄特性,一第二波束形成器,該第二波束形成器配置在該記錄環境中且具有一第二記錄特性,以及一信號產生器,其中該第一波束形成器係組配來用於在相對於該第一記錄特性經導引朝向該目標位置時,記錄一第一波束形成器音訊信號,以及其中該第二波束形成器係組配來用於在相對於該第二記錄特性經導引朝向該目標位置時,記錄一第二波束形成器音訊信號,以及其中該第一波束形成器及該第二波束形成器係配置成使得一第一虛擬直線及一第二虛擬直線相對於彼此不平行,該第一虛擬直線係定義為通過該第一波束形成器及該目標位置,該第二虛擬直線係定義為通過該第二波束形成器及該目標位置,其中該信號產生器係組配來根據該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號產生一音訊輸出信號,以使得與該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號中來自該目標位置之音訊資訊相比,該音訊輸出信號反映出相對更多來自該目標位置 之音訊資訊,以及其中該信號產生器包含用於在頻域中根據該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號產生該音訊輸出信號之一相交計算器。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其中該第一虛擬直線及該第二虛擬直線係配置成使得該第一虛擬直線及該第二虛擬直線在該目標位置以一相交角度相交,且使得該相交角度介於30度與150度之間。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之裝置,其中該第一虛擬直線及該第二虛擬直線係配置成使得該第一虛擬直線及該第二虛擬直線在該目標位置相交,且使得該相交角度為大約90度。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中之一項之裝置,其中該信號產生器包含具有多個濾波器係數之一可適性濾波器,其中該可適性濾波器係配置來接收該第一波束形成器音訊信號,其中該可適性濾波器係適於取決於該等濾波器係數修改該第一波束形成器音訊信號,以獲得一經過濾第一波束形成器音訊信號作為音訊輸出信號,且其中該信號產生器係組配來取決於該經過濾第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號調整該可適性濾波器之該等濾波器係數。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之裝置,其中該信號產生器係組配來調整該等濾波器係數,以使得該經過濾第一音訊信號與該第二波束形成器音訊信號之間的差異最小化。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中之一項裝置,其中該信號產生器進一步包含:一分析濾波器組,該分析濾波器組用於將該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號自一時域變換至一頻域,以及一合成濾波器組,該合成濾波器組用於將該音訊輸出信號自一頻域變換至一時域,其中該相交計算器係組配來在該頻域中根據以該頻域表示之該第一波束形成器音訊信號及以該頻域表示之該第二波束形成器音訊信號來計算該音訊輸出信號,其中之計算係分別在若干頻帶中進行。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之裝置,其中該相交計算器係組配來在該頻域中,根據該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號之一交叉頻譜密度,且根據該第一波束形成器音訊信號或該第二波束形成器音訊信號之一功率頻譜密度,來計算該音訊輸出信號。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中之一項之裝置,其中該相交計算器係組配來在該頻域中藉由使用以下公式來計算該音訊輸出信號: 其中Y1 (k,n)為在該頻域中之該音訊輸出信號,其中S1 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號,其中C12 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊 信號之一交叉頻譜密度,且其中P1 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號之一功率頻譜密度,或藉由使用下列公式來計算該音訊輸出信號: 其中Y2 (k,n)為在該頻域中之該音訊輸出信號,其中S2 (k,n)為該第二波束形成器音訊信號,其中C12 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號之一交叉頻譜密度,且其中P2 (k,n)為該第二波束形成器音訊信號之一功率頻譜密度。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中之一項之裝置,其中該相交計算器係組配來在該頻域中藉由使用以下公式來計算該音訊輸出信號: 其中Y3 (k,n)為在該頻域中之該音訊輸出信號,其中S1 為該第一波束形成器音訊信號,其中C12 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號之一交叉頻譜密度,其中P1 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號之一功率頻譜密度,且其中P2 (k,n)為該第二波束形成器音訊信號之一功率頻譜密度,或藉由使用以下公式來計算該音訊輸出信號: 其中Y4 (k,n)為在該頻域中之該音訊輸出信號,其中S2 為該第二波束形成器音訊信號,其中C12 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號之一交叉頻譜密度,其中P1 (k,n)為該第一波束形成器音訊信號之一功率頻譜密度,且其中P2 (k,n)為該第二波束形成器音訊信號之一功率頻譜密度。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第8項之裝置,其中該相交計算器係適於根據以下公式來計算一第一中間信號: 且根據以下公式來計算一第二中間信號: 且其中該相交計算器係適於選擇該第一中間信號及該第二中間信號中之較小者作為該音訊輸出信號,或其中該相交計算器係組配來根據以下公式來計算一第三中間信號: 且根據以下公式來計算一第四中間信號: 且其中該相交計算器係適於選擇該第三中間信號及該第四中間信號中之較小者作為該音訊輸出信號。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中之一項之裝置,其中該信號產生器係適於藉由組合該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號以獲得一組合之信號,及藉由以一增益因子加權該組合之信號,來產生該音訊輸出信號。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中之一項之裝置,其中該信號產生器係適於藉由產生一組合之信號來產生該音訊輸出信號,以使得對於每一考慮之時間頻率瓦區,該組合之信號之功率頻譜密度值等同於該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號之該功率頻譜密度值中之最小者。
  13. 一種用於計算來自目標位置的音訊資訊之方法,該方法包含以下步驟:當配置在一記錄環境中且具有一第一記錄特性之一第一波束形成器相對於該第一記錄特性經導引朝向該目標位置時,藉由該第一波束形成器記錄一第一波束形成器音訊信號,當配置在該記錄環境中且具有一第二記錄特性之一第二波束形成器相對於該第二記錄特性經導引朝向該目標位置時,藉由該第二波束形成器記錄一第二波束形成器音訊信號,根據該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號產生一音訊輸出信號,以使得與該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號中來 自該目標位置之音訊資訊相比,該音訊輸出信號反映出相對更多來自該目標位置之音訊資訊,其中該第一波束形成器及該第二波束形成器係配置成使得一第一虛擬直線及一第二虛擬直線相對於彼此不平行,該第一虛擬直線係定義為通過該第一波束形成器及該目標位置,該第二虛擬直線係定義為通過該第二波束形成器及該目標位置,以及其中產生該音訊輸出信號之步驟係藉由在頻域中根據該第一波束形成器音訊信號及該第二波束形成器音訊信號產生該音訊輸出信號而進行。
  14. 一種用於實施如申請專利範圍第13項之方法的電腦程式,其中該電腦程式係在由一電腦或處理器執行時實施該方法。
TW100144362A 2010-12-03 2011-12-02 用於藉聲波三角測量進行空間性選擇聲音擷取之裝置及方法 TWI457011B (zh)

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