TWI425145B - 可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機 - Google Patents

可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI425145B
TWI425145B TW099139145A TW99139145A TWI425145B TW I425145 B TWI425145 B TW I425145B TW 099139145 A TW099139145 A TW 099139145A TW 99139145 A TW99139145 A TW 99139145A TW I425145 B TWI425145 B TW I425145B
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blade
rotating
blades
shaft
resistance
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TW099139145A
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TW201219649A (en
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Tzu Yao Huang
Tso Cheng Hsiao
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Hiwin Mikrosystem Corp
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Priority to TW099139145A priority Critical patent/TWI425145B/zh
Priority to US12/972,443 priority patent/US8450872B2/en
Publication of TW201219649A publication Critical patent/TW201219649A/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/026—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for starting-up
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/041—Automatic control; Regulation by means of a mechanical governor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/213—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Savonius type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/85—Starting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Description

可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機
本發明係有關於風力發電系統，特別係指一種可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機。
由於近年來節能環保議題受到重視，目前歐美各國為了因應溫室效應，減少二氧化碳之排放，均積極開發利用天然資源發電作為替代能源之方式，包括有風力、太陽能、海水等。而以各種天然資源開發為再生能源之方式中，又以風力發電技術最為成熟，應用範圍最廣，並且發電成本較為低廉。
風力發電機主要係藉由空氣流動帶動葉片旋轉以擷取風之動能，進而將該動能轉換成有用之機械能或是電能。而風力發電機之類型，依照主軸與水平面之相對位置可分為水平軸風力發電機與垂直式風力發電機。雖然水平軸風力發電機之發電效率高於垂直式風力發電機，然水平軸風力發電機之葉片旋轉面必須正對風向，才能使之產生較佳發電效率，因此結構設計較為複雜，製造成本相對來說比較高。雖然垂直式風力發電機效率較差，但是由於其旋轉軸係垂直於水平面，不論任何方向之風皆能旋轉扇葉使之發電，並且垂直式風力發電機具有較小迴轉半徑、結構簡單、低噪音以及設計外觀較佳等優點，因此較為適合架設於受風範圍有限、風向及風速頻繁變化之都市、高樓屋頂。
而垂直式風力發電機依照葉片工作原理又可分為升力型與阻力型，其中，升力型葉片係以所受升力帶動葉片旋轉，轉速較快，具有較優異之旋轉效率；阻力型葉片則係以所受阻力帶動葉片轉動，轉矩較大，用有較佳之啟動能力。兩種不同工作原理之葉片各具有其優點，因此目前部份垂直式風力發電機會同時裝設阻力型與升力型之葉片，以達成低風速啟動，高風速發電之功效，然而於高轉速時，阻力型葉片會對整個風力發電系統產生抵抗旋轉之阻力，而降低旋轉效率，造成發電效率的降低。
本發明之主要目的即在於提供一種可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機，其係用以於高轉速時收合阻力型葉片，有效地降低其對系統所造成之阻力。
本發明之另一目的係在於提供一種可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機，其係用以提昇風力發電機之發電效率。
因此，為了達成上述目的，本發明所揭一種可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機係包含有一發電機、一連桿裝置、一升力型葉片組、一阻力型葉片組及一驅動裝置，其中，該驅動裝置係用以提供動力驅動該連桿裝置，具有一出力軸，得於一第一位置及一第二位置間位移。據此，當該出力軸位於該第一位置上時，係帶動該連桿裝置，使該阻力型葉片組位於一展開位置上；當該出力軸位於該第二位置上時，則經由該連桿裝置帶動各該阻力型葉片位移至一收合位置。
以下茲舉本發明之一較佳實施例，並配合圖式，做更進一步之說明，其中：
第一圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之立體圖。
第二圖係為本發明一較佳實施例部份元件之分解圖。
第三圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之作動示意圖，其中，該驅動裝置之出力軸係位於該第一位置。
第四圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之作動立體圖，其中，該驅動裝置之出力軸係位於該第二位置。
第五圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之作動示意圖，其中，該驅動裝置之出力軸係位於該第二位置。
請參閱第一圖至第五圖所示，在本發明之一較佳實施例中所提供可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機(10)，主要係由一外轉式發電機(20)、一盤座(30)、一連桿裝置(40)、一升力型葉片組(50)、一阻力型葉片組(60)及一驅動裝置(70)所組成者，其中：
該外轉式發電機(20)係由一定子(圖中未示)及一旋轉部(21)所組成，其中，該定子係位於該發電機(20)內部，而該旋轉部(21)設於該定子外，轉軸垂直於水平面，惟此等發電機之構造乃屬一般習知之技術且非屬本發明之技術特徵，於此即不對之再作贅述。
該盤座(30)係呈圓形，對應地設於該發電機(20)之一端面而連接該旋轉部(21)，並得與該旋轉部(21)同軸旋轉。
該連桿裝置(40)係設於該盤座(30)之預定部位上。
該升力型葉片組(50)係具有若干長形升力型葉片(51)，若干支架(52)，橋接於一對應之升力型葉片(51)與該旋轉部(21)間。
該阻力型葉片組(60)係具有二呈半圓筒狀之阻力型葉片(61)，彼此對稱地設於該旋轉部(21)之轉軸兩側，而與該連桿裝置(40)相連接。
該驅動裝置(70)係用以提供動力驅動該連桿裝置(40)，具有一本體(71)，設於該盤座(30)上，一致動器(72)，設於該本體(71)上，一出力軸(73)，得被該致動器(72)驅動而於一第一位置與一第二位置間往復位移；當該出力軸(73)位於該第一位置上時，係帶動該連桿裝置(40)，而使該二阻力型葉片(61)彼此對稱地位於該旋轉部(21)轉軸兩側之一展開位置上，當位於該第二位置上時，則經由該連桿裝置(40)，帶動各該阻力型葉片(61)位移至該旋轉部(21)轉軸軸向上之一收合位置上。
更進一步而言，該連桿裝置(40)乃係具有一基部(41)，係設於該致動器(72)之出力軸(73)軸端上，二連動桿(42)，分別以桿軸一端樞設於該基部(41)之兩側面，而各自以桿軸另端與一對應之阻力型葉片(61)樞接。
藉由上述構件之組成，該致動器(72)可提供一動力使該出力軸(73)於該第一及該第二位置間位移，而帶動該連桿裝置(40)，使該二阻力型葉片(61)位於該展開或是該收合位置。詳言之，請參閱第一及第三圖，當該出力軸(73)位於該第一位置時，該二阻力型葉片(61)係位於該展開位置，此時，該二阻力型葉片(61)可受到風力推動而持續旋轉；請參閱第四及第五圖，當該致動器(72)提供一動力，使該出力軸(73)由該第一位置移至該第二位置，同時帶動該基部(41)位移，連動該二連動桿(42)，使該二阻力型葉片(61)位於該收合位，此時，該二阻力型葉片(61)則無法被風推動旋轉。
由於於高轉速時，倘若阻力型葉片(61)持續被風推動旋轉，對於整體系統會造成阻力，反而不利於發電效率。因此，本發明所提供可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機(10)係可依據轉速之大小，決定是否啟動該驅動裝置(70)，據此，使該出力軸(73)於該第一位置與該第二位置位移，而帶動該連桿裝置(40)，使該二阻力型葉片(61)展開或是收合。換言之，倘若轉速高於預定數值時，即可啟動該驅動裝置(70)，使該二阻力型葉片(61)位於該收合位置，而不再被風力推動旋轉，可有效地降低其對於系統之阻力，增加發電效率；倘若轉速低於預定數值時，該驅動裝置(70)則不會被啟動，該二阻力型葉片(61)係位於該展開裝置，仍可被風力所推動旋轉，使其保有較佳之啟動能力。
於此特別說明者，前述實施例中係以外轉式發電機為其組成元件之一，惟並不以外轉式發電機為限，亦即利用內轉式發電機亦可達成相同之功效。
以上僅是藉由若干較佳實施例詳細說明本發明，對於各該實施例所做的任何簡單修改或是變化，例如該葉片之數量或是外型之改變等，均應為本案申請專利範圍所得涵攝者。
(10)．．．可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機
(20)．．．外轉式發電機
(21)．．．旋轉部
(30)．．．盤座
(40)．．．連桿裝置
(41)．．．基部
(42)．．．連動桿
(50)．．．升力型葉片組
(51)．．．升力型葉片
(52)．．．支架
(60)．．．阻力型葉片組
(61)．．．阻力型葉片
(70)．．．驅動裝置
(71)．．．本體
(72)．．．致動器
(73)．．．出力軸
第一圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之立體圖。
第二圖係為本發明一較佳實施例部份元件之分解圖。
第三圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之作動示意圖，其中，該驅動裝置之出力軸係位於該第一位置。
第四圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之作動立體圖，其中，該驅動裝置之出力軸係位於該第二位置。
第五圖係為本發明一較佳實施例之作動示意圖，其中，該驅動裝置之出力軸係位於該第二位置。
(10)．．．可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機
(20)．．．外轉式發電機
(21)．．．旋轉部
(40)．．．連桿裝置
(50)．．．升力型葉片組
(51)．．．升力型葉片
(52)．．．支架
(60)．．．阻力型葉片組
(61)．．．阻力型葉片
(70)．．．驅動裝置

Claims (3)

  1. 一種可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機，包含有：一發電機，具有一定子，一旋轉部，轉軸係垂直於水平面；一升力型葉片組，具有若干升力型葉片，若干支架，係分別橋接於一對應之升力型葉片與該旋轉部間；一阻力型葉片組，具有二阻力型葉片，係對稱地位於該旋轉部之轉軸兩側；一盤座，設於該旋轉部之預定部位上；其特徵係在於更包含有：一連桿裝置，係橋接於各該阻力型葉片與該旋轉部間，具有一基部，設於該致動器之出力軸一端，二連動桿，分別相對地以桿軸一端樞設於該基部兩側面，並分別以桿軸另端樞接各該阻力型葉片；一驅動裝置，係用以提供動力驅動該連桿裝置，具有一本體，設於該盤座上，一致動器，設於該本體上，一出力軸，係受該出力軸所提供動力驅動而可於一第一及一第二位置間往復位移，當位於該第一位置上時，係帶動該連桿裝置，而使該二阻力型葉片彼此對稱地位於該旋轉部轉軸兩側之一展開位置上，當位於該第二位置上時，則經由該連桿裝置，帶動各該阻力型葉片位移至該旋轉部轉軸軸向上之一收合位置上。
  2. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機，其中，該發電機係為外轉式。
  3. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機，其中，該發電機係為內轉式。
TW099139145A 2010-11-15 2010-11-15 可自動收合葉片之垂直式風力發電機 TWI425145B (zh)

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US12/972,443 US8450872B2 (en) 2010-11-15 2010-12-18 Vertical wind power generator with automatically unstretchable blades

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