TWI389754B - Bonding method - Google Patents

Description

Joining method

The present invention relates to a joining method of a metal member using friction stir.

Among the methods of joining metal members to each other, FSW-Friction Stir Welding is known. The friction stir welding is performed by rotating the rotary tool while moving along the flat portions of the metal members, and the metal of the flat portion is plastically flowed by the frictional heat of the rotary tool and the metal member to solid-bond the metals to each other. Further, the rotary tool is a general rotary tool in which a stirring pin (probe) is protruded from the lower end surface of the cylindrical shoulder.

For example, as shown in FIG. 35a, when the end faces of the pair of metal members 101 are brought into close contact with each other and the formed joint portion J is frictionally stirred, the back contact member 102 is disposed on the back side of the flat joint portion J, Friction stirring is performed along the flat portion J using the rotary tool G. This technique is described, for example, in Document 1 and Document 2.

Document 1 Special Report 2001-225179

Document 2 Special Report No. 2005-131666

However, as in the conventional joining method, as shown in Fig. 35b, since the metal member 101 is contracted at the joint portion, the joined metal members 101 are horizontally skewed, which causes a problem of deterioration in product quality. Further, for example, when a connecting member (not shown) is inserted into the groove portion 103 formed between the metal members 101, since the bottom portion of the groove portion 103 is not flat, there is a problem that the connecting member cannot be accurately arranged. Further, due to the shrinkage of the metal member 101, there is a fear that a kissing bond E is formed on the back side of the plasticized region W. Thereby, the tensile strength of the joint portion is lowered, and the watertightness and the airtightness are lowered.

Further, similarly, as shown in Fig. 35c, when the side surface of the metal member 105 is in flat contact with the end surface of the metal member 105 and is vertically joined, the flat portion J is frictionally stirred from the outside of the metal member 105. The contraction of the metal member 105 has a problem that the metal member 105 on one side is reversed. Further, there is a problem that the defect E is formed at the corner portion (inner corner portion) inside the joint portion of the metal member 105.

Here, for example, when friction stir is performed from the back side of the metal member 101 or the inside of the metal member 105, the related problem can be solved. However, for example, when friction stir is performed from the inside of the cylindrical structure, as shown in FIG. 35c, in the case of rubbing the inner corner portion, the joined metal members are in a state of being flushed with each other due to friction stir With the cooperation, etc., there is a problem that it is difficult to appropriately move the rotary tool.

From this point of view, the present invention provides a joining method in which the flat portions of a pair of metal members can be easily joined while improving airtightness and watertightness.

A joining method of the present invention for solving the problem is a joining method of a flat portion in which a pair of metal members are flushed with each other, which comprises, after performing a friction stir process for frictionally stirring the flat portion from one side, The joint of the joint is welded from the other side.

According to this joining method, after the friction stir is performed from the surface of one of the pair of metal members, the watertightness and the airtightness can be improved by welding from the other surface. Moreover, since the welding is performed, the problem of fitting of the apparatus and the like can be solved, and the joining work can be performed relatively easily.

Further, in the joining method of the present invention, in the tubular structure in which a plurality of metal members are formed in a flat manner, a joining method of the flat portions in which the metal members are in contact with each other is included in the above-mentioned flat portion After the friction stir process of the outer side of the structure is subjected to friction stir, the joint portion is welded to the inner surface side of the structure.

According to this joining method, after the friction stir is performed from the outside of the structure, the inside of the structure is welded, and even if a defect is formed on the inner surface of the structure, the welded metal can be sealed, so that watertightness and airtightness can be improved. Further, even if it is a structure surrounded by a metal member by welding, the joining work can be performed relatively easily from the inside of the structure.

Further, the plasticized region formed in the above-described friction stir process is in contact with the weld metal formed in the above-described welding process. According to this joining method, since the entire length of the flat portion in the depth direction is sealed, the watertightness and airtightness of the joint portion can be further improved.

Further, in the above-described welding process, a welding metal filling process is performed in which a weld metal is filled in a flat portion formed along the other surface to form a concave portion. Further, in the above-described welding process, a welding metal filling process is performed in which a weld metal is filled in a flat portion formed along the inner surface of the structure to form a concave portion. According to this joining method, the workability of welding can be improved.

Further, in the above-described friction stir process, it includes a pre-joining process in which pre-joining is performed by a small rotary tool before performing main joining work by a large rotary tool. According to this joining method, it is possible to prevent the opening portion from being formed in the flat portion when the joining is performed.

Further, in the friction stir welding process, the project includes a projecting material arrangement in which a pair of projecting members are disposed on both sides of the flat portion, and a projecting material pre-fractionally agitating along the flat portion of the projecting member and the metal member. Joint work. According to this joining method, the insertion position and the disengagement position of the rotary tool can be easily set by using the protruding material.

Further, in the above-described friction stir engineering, it includes a guide hole forming process for forming a guide hole at a predetermined insertion position of the rotary tool for performing friction stir. According to this joining process, the press-in impedance at the time of pressing the rotary tool can be reduced. Thereby, the precision of the friction stir welding can be improved, and the joining work can be performed quickly.

Moreover, the joining method of the present invention is a joining method of a flat portion in which a pair of metal members are in contact with each other, and includes a welding process in which the flat portion is welded from the other surface side, and the flat portion is from one side The friction stir process of friction stir on the side.

According to this joining method, the friction stir process is performed from one side, and the other side is welded, whereby the friction stir is performed in a state in which the other surface side is pre-attached. As a result, defects are generated on the back surface (the other surface) side of the surface on which the friction stir is prevented, and the watertightness and airtightness of the metal member at the joint portion can be improved. Moreover, by performing welding from the other surface side, it is possible to solve the problem of fitting of the apparatus and the like, and the joining work can be performed relatively easily. Further, in the friction stir process, the pair of metal members are frictionally stirred in a state in which they are attached in advance, and workability can be improved.

Further, in the tubular structure in which a plurality of metal members are formed in a flat manner, a method of joining the flat portions in which the metal members are in contact with each other is included in the inner surface side of the structural body from the flat portion After the welding process of welding, the friction stir process of the above-mentioned flat portion from the outer side of the structure is friction stir.

According to this joining method, since the welding is performed from the inside of the structure before the friction stir is performed from the outside of the structure, the friction stir can be performed in a state where the inner surface side is pre-attached. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of defects on the back surface (the inner surface of the structure) on the surface on which the friction stir is performed, so that the watertightness and airtightness of the metal member at the joint portion can be improved. Moreover, by welding on the inner surface side of the structure, it is possible to solve the problem of the cooperation of the apparatus when the inside of the structure is joined, and the joining work can be performed relatively easily. Further, in the friction stir process, since the pair of metal members are frictionally stirred in a state of being pre-joined with each other, workability can be improved.

The joining method of the present invention can improve airtightness and watertightness while easily joining the flat portions of the pair of metal members.

[First Embodiment]

The joining method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in Fig. 1, the joining method of the present invention is described by taking a tubular structure 1 surrounded by four wall members H1, H2, H3, and H4 as an example. Further, in the description, the hollow portion of the structure 1 is the inner side and the opposite side is the outer side. Further, the surface on the inner side of the structural body 1 is the inner surface, and the surface on the outer side is the outer surface.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the structure 1 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical body having a hollow portion which is slightly rectangular in cross section. The structure 1 is a corner member R1, R2, R3, R4 which is slightly L-shaped when viewed from a plan view, and the flat plates 11, 12 which are respectively disposed between the corner members R1, R2, R3, and R4. 13 and 14, the side end faces of the respective members are joined to each other. The corner members R1 to R4 and the flat plates 11 to 14 are made of a friction stirrable metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy or the like.

The wall member H1 is composed of the angular members R1 and R4 disposed apart from each other and the flat plate 11 disposed between the corner members R1 and R4. The wall member H2 is composed of a flat plate 12 disposed between the corner members R1 and R2. The wall member H3 is composed of the angular members R2 and R3 which are disposed separately, and the flat plate 13 disposed between the corner members R2 and R3. The wall member H4 is composed of a flat plate 14 disposed between the corner members R3 and R4 and a connecting member U.

The flat portion J1 of the side end surface of one side of the corner member R4 and the other end surface of the flat plate 11 and the flat end portion J2 of the other end surface of the corner member R1 and one end surface of the flat plate 11 are from the outer side of the wall member H1 ( The outer side and the inner side (inner side) are friction stir, and the front end sides of the respective plasticized regions formed by friction stir are formed to overlap each other. In addition, the plasticized region referred to includes both a state in which it is plasticized by frictional heat heating described later, and a state in which the joining rotary tool passes and returns to normal temperature.

In the same manner, the flat portion J3 of the side end surface of one side of the corner member R1 and the side end surface of the other side of the flat plate 12, and the side end surface of the other end of the corner member R2 and the side end surface of the side surface of the flat plate 13 are flushed with the side end surface J5. The flat portion J5 of the side end surface of one side of the corner member R3 and the side end surface of the other side of the flat plate 13 and the side end surface of the other end of the corner member R3 and the flat end portion J6 of the side end surface of one side of the flat plate 13 are from the respective walls. The outer side and the inner surface side of the member are friction stir, and the front end sides of the respective plasticized regions formed by friction stir are formed to overlap each other.

On the other hand, the flat portion J7 of the side end surface of one side of the corner member R3 and the side end surface of the other side of the flat plate 14 and the side end surface of the other end of the corner member R4 and the flat end portion J8 of the side end surface of one side of the flat plate 14 are attached. After welding from the inner surface side of the wall member H4, friction stir is performed from the outer side.

Hereinafter, the bonding method of the present embodiment will be described in detail. Further, the U-shaped intermediate member having a cross section formed by the wall members H1, H2, and H3 is substantially equal to the conventional friction stir welding, and therefore will be briefly described.

The joining method of the present embodiment mainly includes (1) intermediate member joining work, (2) flat joint engineering, (3) groove forming project, (4) friction stir engineering, (5) welding work, and (6) joint member insertion. Engineering, (7) Outer pre-joining project, (8) Outer main joint project.

(1) Intermediate member joint engineering

The intermediate member joining process is a process of forming the intermediate member 20 (refer to FIG. 3b) which is an intermediate body of the structural body 1. The intermediate member 20 has a wall member H1 and a wall member H3 which are disposed to face each other, and a flat plate 12 (wall member H2) provided between the wall member H1 and the wall member H3. In the intermediate member joining process, after the wall member H1 and the wall member H3 are respectively formed, the flat plate 12 is joined to the wall member H1 and the wall member H3.

The flat portion J1 of the side end surface of one side of the corner member R4 and the side end surface of the other side of the flat plate 11 are joined by the friction stirring from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the wall member H1 over the entire length in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, the front end side of the plasticized region W1 formed in the flat portion J1 (the central portion in the thickness direction of the flat plate 11) overlaps. Thereby, since the gap in the depth direction of the flat portion J1 is all friction stir, the airtightness and the watertightness can be improved. Similarly, the flat portion J2 of the other end surface of the corner member R1 and the side end surface of one side of the flat plate 11 is frictionally agitated from the inner surface side and the outer surface side across the entire length of the corner member R1, and the plasticized region W2 is The front side overlaps.

The flat portion J5 of the side end surface of one side of the corner member R2 and the side end surface of the other side of the flat plate 13 are joined by the friction stirring from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the wall member H3 over the entire length in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, the front end side of the plasticized region W5 formed in the flat portion J5 (the central portion in the thickness direction of the flat plate 13) overlaps. Thereby, since the gap in the depth direction of the flat portion J5 is all friction stir, the airtightness and the watertightness can be improved. Similarly, the flat portion J6 of the side end surface of the other side of the corner member R3 and the side end surface of one side of the flat plate 13 traverses the entire length of the flat portion J6, and friction stirs from the outer surface side and the inner surface side, and the plasticized region W6 The front side overlaps.

The flat plate 12 is provided between the corner member R1 and the corner member R2 as shown in Figs. 3a and 3b. The side end surface of the other side of the flat plate 12 and the side end surface of the one side of the corner member R1 and the flat portion J3 span the entire length of the flat portion J3 in the longitudinal direction, and are joined by friction stir from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the flat plate 12. The front end side of the plasticized region W3 formed in the flat portion J3 (the central portion in the thickness direction of the flat plate 12) overlaps. Thereby, since the gap in the depth direction of the flat portion J3 is all friction stir, the airtightness and the watertightness can be improved. Similarly, the flat portion J4 of the other end surface of the corner member R2 and the side end surface of one side of the flat plate 12 is frictionally agitated from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the flat plate 12 over the entire length of the flat portion J4 in the longitudinal direction. The front end side of the plasticized region W4 overlaps.

As shown in Fig. 3b, on a portion of the intermediate member 20, an opening portion 21 into which the flat plate 12 is inserted is formed. Further, in the present embodiment, the frictional agitation is performed from the outer surface side and the inner surface side in each of the flat portions of the intermediate member 20, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, it is possible to weld from either the outer side and the inner side of the intermediate member 20, and to perform friction stir from the other side.

(2) Flat engineering

In the splicing process, as shown in Fig. 4, the flat plate 14 is inserted into the opening portion 21 of the intermediate member 20 (see Fig. 3b). The width of the flat plate 14 is formed to be substantially the same as the width of the opening portion 21. That is, when the flat plate 14 is inserted into the opening portion 21, the pair of side end faces R3b, R4a appearing in the opening portion 21 are flush with the both end faces 14a, 14b of the flat plate 14. As shown in Fig. 4, the side end surface 14a of the other side of the flat plate 14 is in contact with the side end surface R3b of one side of the corner member R3, and the flat portion J7 is formed. On the other hand, the side end surface 14b of one side of the flat plate 14 is flush with the side end surface R4a of the other side of the corner member R4, and the bridge part J8 is formed.

Further, the metal member formed by flatly connecting the flat plate 14 and the corner member R4 is hereinafter referred to as the joined metal member N. Further, a surface on the outer side of the joined metal member N is referred to as an outer surface A, and an inner surface is referred to as an inner surface B, and one end surface is referred to as a first end surface C, and the other end surface is referred to as a second end surface D.

When the splicing work is performed, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5a, the backrest 25 is preferably disposed inside the intermediate member 20. The back abutment 25 is a member that supports the flat plate 14 from the inner side of the intermediate member 20. The back abutment 25 includes a first backing abutting material 25a, a second backing abutting material 25b, and a longitudinal member 25c standing between the first backing material 25a and the second backing material 25b. . The distance from the outer surface of the first back contact member 25a to the outer surface of the second back contact member 25b is substantially equal to the surface from the inner surface of the flat plate 12 to the inner side of the flat plate 14 (see FIG. 2). the distance. In the present embodiment, one of the flat portions J7 and J8 is provided in the back contact station 25.

Further, although (3) groove forming work, (4) friction stir engineering, (5) welding work, (6) joining member insertion work, (7) outer joint work, and (8) outer main joint work described below, The work performed on the flat joint portion J7 and the flat joint portion J8, but the work contents are roughly the same in the two flat joint portions, and the flat joint portion J8 will be described as an example.

(3) Groove forming project

In the groove portion forming process, the groove portion K is formed on the outer surface A of the joined metal member N corresponding to the flat portion J8. In the groove forming process, as shown in FIG. 5b, the groove portion K is formed by cutting a predetermined width and depth along the flat portion J8 by using a known end mill or the like. In the present embodiment, the groove portion K has a rectangular shape in cross section, but other shapes may be used.

(5) Friction stir engineering

In the friction stir process, as shown in Fig. 5b, the friction stir is performed using the large rotary tool G along the flat portion J8 appearing on the bottom surface of the groove portion K. In the present embodiment, the friction stirrer project includes a projecting material arrangement project in which a pair of projecting members are disposed, a pre-joining process for pre-joining the flat portion J8, and a guide hole forming a guide hole at a predetermined insertion position of the main joining process. The project and the main joining work for the main joint of the joint portion J8.

Here, referring to Fig. 7, a small rotary tool (hereinafter referred to as "small rotary tool F") for each friction stirrage and a large rotary tool (referred to as "large rotary tool G") which is larger than the small rotary tool F are used. Explain in detail.

The small rotary tool F shown in Fig. 7a is made of a metal material such as a tool steel that is harder than the joined metal member N, and includes a cylindrical shoulder portion F1 and a lower end surface F11 protruding from the shoulder portion F1. Stir pin (probe) F2. The size and shape of the small rotary tool F are set corresponding to the material and thickness of the joined metal member N, but at least smaller than the large rotary tool G (see FIG. 8b). In this way, since the friction stir welding can be performed with a smaller load than when the large rotary tool G is used, the load applied to the friction stirrer can be reduced, and since the moving speed (transport speed) of the small rotary tool F is larger than that of the large rotary tool G The moving speed is also high, which reduces the time and cost required for friction stir welding.

The lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 is a portion having a function of pressing metal which is plastically fluidized to prevent scattering to the surroundings, and in the present embodiment, a concave shape is formed. Although the size of the outer diameter X ₁ of the shoulder portion F1 is not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, it is smaller than the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion G1 of the large-sized rotary tool G.

The stirring pin F2 hangs from the center of the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1, and in the present embodiment, a truncated cone shape having a small distal end is formed. Further, on the circumferential surface of the stirring pin F2, a stirring blade provided in a spiral shape is formed. Although the size of the outer diameter of the stirring pin F2 is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin G2 X ₂ is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the rotary tool (upper diameter) (upper path) Y ₂ is smaller And the minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter) X _{3 is} smaller than the minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter) Y _{3 of the} stirring pin G2. Further, the length L _{A of the} stirring pin F2 is smaller than the length of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G.

The large-sized rotary tool G shown in Fig. 7b is made of a metal material such as tool steel that is harder than the joined metal member N, and includes a cylindrical shoulder G1 and a lower end surface G11 protruding from the shoulder G1. Stir pin (probe) G2.

The lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 is formed in a concave shape similarly to the small rotary tool F. The agitating pin G2 hangs from the center of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1. In the present embodiment, a truncated cone shape having a small distal end is formed.

In the projecting material arrangement project, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, a pair of projecting members are disposed on both end faces of the joined metal member N. The first projecting member 31 and the second projecting member 32 are members that are disposed to sandwich the flat portion J8, and have a size and a shape that cover the flat portion J8 appearing on the first end surface C and the second end surface D, respectively. In the present embodiment, the first projecting member 31 and the second projecting member 32 are disposed on the first backing contact member 25a of the back contact stand 25. The first protruding material 31 and the second protruding material 32 are formed to be flush with the bottom surface of the groove portion K. Although the material of the first projecting material 31 and the second projecting material 32 is not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, it is formed of a metal material having the same composition as the metal member N to be joined.

Further, the joined metal member N is joined to the first projecting member 31 and the second projecting member 32 by welding. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the joined metal member N and the respective protruding members from being opened when the friction stir is described later.

In the pre-joining process, the friction stir is performed using the small rotary tool F along the flat portion J8 appearing on the bottom surface of the groove portion K. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, so that a small rotary tool F is located just above the start position S _P1, S _P1-based starting position is provided in place of the first projecting member 31 and then the small rotary tool side right rotation F While descending, the stirring pin F2 (refer to Fig. 7a) is pressed to the starting position S _P1 . After the entirety of the stirring pin F2 enters the first protruding member 31, and the entire lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 is in contact with the surface of the first protruding member 31, the small rotating tool F is rotated while being rotated toward the starting point s1 of the pre-joining project. mobile. After the small rotary tool F reaches the starting point s1, the small rotary tool F is moved to the end point e1 of the pre-engagement project without departing from the starting point s1. After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e1, the small rotary tool F is moved to the end position E _P1 without being disengaged, and the small rotary tool F is disengaged at the end position E _P1 .

Further, when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotary tool F crosses the flat portion J31 of the joined metal member N and the first protruding member 31 and the flat portion J32 of the joined metal member N and the second protruding member 32, Although the force of pulling the joined metal member N and the respective protruding members is exerted, the inner corner portions formed by the joined metal members N and the first protruding members 31 and the second protruding members 32 are joined by welding. The opening between the joined metal member N and the first protruding member 31 and the second protruding member 32 is prevented. The end position E _P1 of the pre-joining project becomes the start position S _M1 of the main joining process to be described later.

Further, when the pre-joining process is performed, the small-sized rotation can be used along the flat portion J31 of the joined metal member N and the first protruding member 31 and the flat portion J32 of the joined metal member N and the second protruding member 32. Tool F performs friction stir (projection material pre-joining work). Thereby, the joined metal member N can be joined more strongly to the first projecting member 31 and the second projecting member 32, so that it is possible to further prevent the occurrence of the opening when the main joining process to be described later is performed. Further, the projecting pre-joining work and the pre-joining work are continuously performed by friction stir stirring in a continuous trajectory, thereby improving workability.

In the guide hole forming process, as shown in Fig. 7b, it is a process of forming the pilot hole P1 at the start position of the friction stir in the main joining process to be described later. In other words, in the via hole forming process of the present embodiment, the via hole P1 is formed at the start position S _M1 set on the surface of the second protrusion 32.

The guide hole P1 is provided for the purpose of reducing the insertion resistance (pressing impedance) of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G. In the present embodiment, the opening hole n1 formed when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotating tool F is disengaged is provided. It is formed by reaming a drill or the like (not shown). When the hole n1 is used, since the formation of the guide hole P1 can be simplified, the work time can be shortened. Although the form of the via hole P1 is not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, it is a cylindrical shape. Further, in the present embodiment, the guide hole P1 is formed in the second projecting member 32, and the position of the guide hole P1 is not particularly limited, and may be formed on the first projecting member 31, and more preferably formed in, for example, The extension line of the joint (boundary line) of the bottom surface of the groove portion K of the present embodiment.

In the main joining process, the large rotating tool G is used to actually engage the flat portion J8. In the main joining process of the present embodiment, the large rotating tool G is used, and the flat portion J8 in the pre-joined state is frictionally stirred from the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N.

In the main joining process, as shown in Fig. 9, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G is inserted (pressed) at the start position S _M1 , and the inserted stirring pin G2 is moved to the end position E _M1 without being detached. That is, in the main joining process, the friction stir is started from the pilot hole P1, and the friction stir is continuously performed to the end position E _M1 .

Further, in the present embodiment, the second protruding member 32 is provided with the friction stirring start position S _M1 , and the first protruding member 32 is provided with the end position E _M1 , but the positions of the start position S _M1 and the end position E _M1 are not provided. limited.

The main joining process will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 9.

First, the large rotary tool G is placed directly above the start position S _M1 (the guide hole P1), and then the large rotary tool G is rotated while rotating to the right, and the tip end of the stirring pin G2 is inserted into the guide hole P1. After the entirety of the stirring pin enters the second protruding material 32 and the entire surface of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 contacts the surface of the second protruding material 32, friction stir is performed while the large rotating tool G is made to face one end of the flat joint portion J8. Moves and breaks into the flat joint J8. When the large-scale rotary tool G is used, the metal around the stirring pin G2 flows in a plastic flow, and at the same position separated from the stirring pin G2, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as " Grooved plasticized region W8") (see Fig. 10).

When the amount of heat entering the joined metal member N is excessively large, water is supplied from the bottom surface (outer side A side) of the groove portion K to the periphery of the large rotating tool G to be cooled. Further, when the cooling water enters between the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14, although the re-joining surface has an oxide film, in the present embodiment, the pre-joining process is performed to close the opening between the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14. Since the holes are hard, it is difficult for the cooling water to enter the hole between the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14, and the quality of the joint portion is not deteriorated.

At the flat portion J8 of the joined metal member N, a path of friction stir is set on a movement locus on the joint of the joined metal member N, and the large rotary tool G is relatively moved along the path, thereby from the flat portion Friction stir is continuously performed from one end to the other end of J8. After the large rotary tool G is relatively moved to the other end of the flat portion J8, the friction stir is performed while the relative movement is made toward the end position E _N1 . After the large rotary tool G reaches the end position E _M1 , the large rotary tool G is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin G2 is disengaged from the end position E _M1 . After the main joining process is completed, the burrs generated on the bottom surface of the groove portion K are cut to smooth the bottom surface. Further, after the main joining process is completed, a pair of protruding members are cut and removed.

(5) Welding engineering

The welding process is a process of welding from the inner surface B side of the joined metal member N along the flat portion J8. In the welding process, as shown in Fig. 11, the back contact abutment 25 is temporarily removed, and the ridge welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed from the inside of the groove plasticized region W8, and the welded metal is formed along the flat portion J8. T1. The ridge welding-bonding metal T1 protrudes from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N. By performing the welding process, even if a notch is formed inside the groove plasticized region W8, the gap can be sealed, and the strength, watertightness, and airtightness of the joint portion can be improved. Further, even when the joint portion is contracted by the friction stir process, the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14 are not formed on the same plane, and the welding is performed from the inner surface B side of the joined metal member N. The deformation caused by shrinkage.

Further, in the welded metal T1, it is preferable to cut the portion T1' protruding from the inner surface B. Thereby, smoothness can be formed on the inner surface B.

(6) Connecting member insertion project

The connecting member insertion process, as shown in Fig. 12, is a process of inserting the connecting member U into the groove portion K. The width, depth, and length of the connecting member U are formed substantially equal to the width, depth, and length of the groove portion K, respectively, and are formed of a metal having the same composition as the metal member N to be joined. That is, when the connecting member U is inserted into the groove portion K, the surface of the connecting member U is flush with the outer surface A of the joined metal member N, and both end faces of the connecting member U are formed by the first end face C of the joined metal member N and The two end faces D are formed flush. In the joint member insertion process, since the welded metal member is skewed by the above-described welding work, the bottom surface of the groove portion K is formed to be slightly horizontal. Thereby, the connecting member U can be appropriately inserted.

(8) Outer pre-joining project

In the outer pre-joining process, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the flat portion J8 along the flat plate 14 and the connecting member U and the flat portion J8b of the corner member R4 and the connecting member U are made using the small rotary tool F. Pre-joined. The outer pre-joining process of the present embodiment includes a projecting material arrangement project in which a pair of projecting members are disposed, an outer pre-joining process in which the flat portion J8a and the flat portion J8b are pre-joined by the small rotary tool F, and a large-scale rotary tool G. The guide hole forming process of forming the guide hole at the predetermined position of insertion.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 , the projecting material is disposed such that the first projecting member 33 and the second projecting member 34 are disposed on the first end face C and the second end face D of the joined metal member N. The first protruding material 33 and the second protruding material 34 are elements disposed to sandwich the flat portion J8, the flat portion J8a, and the flat portion J8b, and have respective flats that are present on the first end surface C and the second end surface D, respectively. The size and shape of the joint. In the present embodiment, the first projecting member 33 and the second projecting member 34 are disposed on the first backing contact member 25a of the back contact stand 25. The surfaces of the first projecting member 33 and the second projecting member 34 are formed substantially equal to the outer surface A of the joined metal member N. Although the material of the first projecting member 33 and the second projecting member 34 is not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, it is formed of a metal material having the same composition as that of the joined metal member N.

In the outer pre-joining process, the friction stir is performed using the small rotary tool F along the flat portion J8a and the flat portion J8b which are present on the outer surface of the joined metal member N. In the outer pre-joining work, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 14, the small-sized rotary tool F is relatively moved to the first projection from the start position S _P2 set to the first projecting member 33 with a continuous trajectory. Friction stirring is performed until the end position E _P2 of the material 33.

That is, the outer pre-joining work includes the first projecting pre-engagement work of joining the first projecting member 33 with the flat portion J33 of the joined metal member N, and the first outer pre-joining of the flat portion J8a of the joining flat plate 14 and the connecting member U The joining process, the second projecting material pre-joining process of joining the second projecting member 34 with the flat portion J34 of the joined metal member N, and the second outer side pre-joining work of the jointing angle member R4 and the flat portion J8b of the connecting member U.

The first projecting material pre-joining process moves the small-sized rotary tool F to the starting point s33 of the first projecting material pre-joining project after the small-sized rotary tool F is pushed to the start position S _P2 set to the first protruding member 33. After the small rotary tool F reaches the starting point s33, it moves along the flat portion J33 to the end point e33 of the first projecting pre-engagement project. After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e33, the small rotary tool F is not disengaged, and temporarily enters the first protruding member 33 and moves to the starting point s14 of the first outer pre-joining process.

Further, when the small rotary tool F is rotated rightward, since a fine void defect occurs on the left side in the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F, it is preferable to set the starting point s33 and the end point e33 of the first protruding material joining process. The position of the engaged metal member N is located on the right side in the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F. In this case, since the void defect hardly occurs on the side of the metal member N to be joined, a high-quality bonded body can be obtained.

That is, in the case where the small rotary tool F is rotated to the left, since a fine void defect is generated on the right side in the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F, it is preferable to set the position of the start point and the end point of the first projecting material joining process. The engaged metal member N is placed on the left side in the traveling direction of the small rotary tool F. Specifically, although the drawing is omitted, the starting point is set at the position of the end point e33 when the small rotary tool F is rotated rightward, and the end point of the starting point s33 when the small rotary tool F is rotated right is set.

After the small rotary tool F reaches the starting point s14 of the first outer pre-engagement project, the state proceeds to the first outer pre-joining project in this state, and the small-sized rotary tool F is moved along the flat portion J8a. After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e14 of the first outer pre-engagement project, the second projecting material 34 is temporarily entered and moved to the starting point s34 of the second projecting material pre-joining work. After the small rotary tool F reaches the starting point s34, the small rotary tool F is moved along the flat portion J34 to the end point e34 of the second projecting pre-engagement project.

After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e34, the small rotary tool F is moved to the starting point sR4 of the second outer pre-engagement project without being disengaged. After the small rotary tool F reaches sR4, the small rotary tool F is moved along the flat portion J8b, and the state is moved to the second outer pre-joining process. After reaching the end of a small rotary tool F eR4 second outer engagement pre engineering, and so the state of the first projecting member 33 protrudes, the small rotary tool F from the end position E _P2. Further, the end position E _P2 is also present at the start position S _M2 of the outer main joining project to be described later.

After the outer pre-bonding process is completed, the guide holes are formed by the drawing holes formed at the end position E _P2 . The guide hole forming process is omitted from the above description, and the description thereof is omitted.

(9) Outer main joint project

The outer main joining process is a process of actually joining the flat portions J8a and J8b appearing on the outer surface A of the joined metal member N. In the outer main joining process of the present embodiment, the large-sized rotary tool G is used to frictionally stir the flat portion J8a and the flat portion J8b in the pre-joined state from the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N.

In the outer main joining process, as shown in Fig. 15a, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G is inserted into the starting position S _M2 , and the inserted stirring pin G2 moves to the end position E _M2 without departing from the middle. Further, in the present embodiment, the start position S _M2 and the end position E _M2 of the friction stir are provided on the first protrusion 33, but the positions of the start position S _M2 and the end position E _M2 are not limited.

The outer main joining process will be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 15a and 15b.

First, as shown in Fig. 15a, the large-sized rotary tool G is placed directly above the guide hole (starting position S _M2 ), and then the large-sized rotary tool G is rotated while rotating to the right, and the tip end of the stirring pin G2 is inserted into the guide hole. The entirety of the stirring pin G2 enters the first protruding member 33, and after the entire surface of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1 contacts the surface of the first protruding member 33, the large rotating tool G is made flat while performing friction stirring. One end of the portion J8b is relatively moved and protrudes into the flat portion J8b. When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized in turn, and a plasticized region in which the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again is formed at a position separated from the stirring pin G2 (hereinafter referred to as "outer plasticity" Zone W8'").

Then, the formed outer plasticized region W8' does not contact the flat portion J34 and the flat portion J33, and the large-sized rotary tool G reciprocates (in the present embodiment, the second reciprocating), and along the flat portion J8b and flat The joint J8a is continuously subjected to friction stirring. Finally, the large-sized rotary tool G is disengaged at the end position E _M2 set by the flat portion J33 at the first projecting material 33.

As shown in Fig. 15b, it is preferable that the distal end side of the outer plasticized region W8' is in contact with the bottom surface of the groove portion K to perform friction stir. According to this configuration, the friction stir can be performed across the entire length of the flat portion J8a and the flat portion J8b in the depth direction. Further, the large rotating tool G is shifted and reciprocated, whereby the entire surface of the interface between the lower surface of the connecting member U and the bottom surface of the groove portion K can be frictionally stirred, so that watertightness and airtightness can be improved.

Further, the outer plasticized region W8' does not contact the flat portion J34 and the flat portion J33 to reciprocate the large-sized rotary tool G, whereby the oxide film of the flat portion J33 and the flat portion J34 can be prevented from being caught.

According to the joining method of the present embodiment described above, as shown in Fig. 11, after the flat portion J8 of the flat plate 14 and the corner member R4 is frictionally stirred from the outside of the joined metal member N (structure 1), Since the inner side is welded, even if a notch is formed in the flat portion J8 of the inner surface B (see FIGS. 35b and 35c), since the metal T1 can be hermetically welded, watertightness and airtightness can be improved, and the joint portion can be improved. Bonding strength. Further, as shown in the embodiment of the present embodiment, the structure 1 in which the wall members are surrounded by the four sides is not restricted by mechanical mounting or the like, and the joining operation is relatively easy from the inside.

Moreover, the groove plasticized region W8 is in contact with the weld metal T1, and can be sealed by the entire length of the moon joint portion J8 in the depth direction. Further, before the respective processes of the friction stir process and the outer main joint work, the pre-joining process can prevent the flat portion from being opened at the time of main joining.

The above embodiments are described, and may be appropriately modified without departing from the scope of the invention. In the description of the other embodiments, the description overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.

For example, in the first embodiment, when the joining member U is used for joining, and the thickness of the wall member to which the joined metal member N is large, the joining member U and the groove portion K can be joined. On the other hand, when the thickness of the joined metal member N is small, the connecting member U is not used, and friction stir is performed from the outside of the joined metal member N, and then welded from the inside.

[Second embodiment]

Further, for example, as shown in Fig. 16, when the welding process is performed, it is included in the distal end side of the groove-shaped plasticized region W8 (the inner surface B of the joined metal member N), and is formed along the flat portion J8. The concave portion forming process of the recess M1 and the welding metal filling process of filling the welded metal T2 in the recess M1. According to this joining method, workability at the time of welding can be improved. Further, in the welded metal T2, the portion (T2') protruding from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N is cut, and the inner surface B can be smoothly formed. Further, in the present embodiment, the concave portion M1 is formed in a rectangular shape in cross section, but other shapes may be used.

[Third embodiment]

In the joining method of the third embodiment, as shown in Fig. 17, the side surface of the first metal member 1a on one side is in contact with the end surface of the second metal member 1b on the other side to form the flat portion J10. One embodiment is different. In other words, in the first embodiment, the corner members R1 to R4 are brought into contact with each other at the side end faces of the members to form a structure. However, the side faces of the one metal member may be flush with the side end faces of the other metal member. And the formation of a structure. In the present embodiment, for example, the pair of first metal members 1a and the pair of second metal members 1b are brought into contact with each other to form a tubular structure 50 having a rectangular cross section.

The joining method of the present embodiment includes the flat portion J10 formed by splicing the side surface of the first metal member 1a and the side end surface of the second metal member 1b from the outer surface A side of the structural body 50 (joined metal member N1). The friction stir mixing process and the welding process of welding from the inner surface B side of the structure 50.

In the welding process of the present embodiment, after the friction stir is performed from the outer surface A of the joined metal member N1 formed by the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b, the inner corner portion I (the first metal member 1a and the second metal) The corner portion of the inner side of the member 1b is welded. That is, the welded metal T3 is formed by welding the entire length of the flat portion J10 appearing on the inner surface of the joined metal member N. Therefore, in the friction stir process, even if the inner corner portion I is formed with a notch (see Fig. 35c), the notch can be sealed by welding, so that watertightness and airtightness can be improved, and the joint portion can be improved. strength. Further, as shown in Fig. 35c, even if one metal is reversed by shrinkage at the time of joining, the inversion can be guided by welding. Further, although it is difficult to perform friction stir on the inner corner portion I, the joining work can be performed relatively easily by welding. Further, the plasticized region W10 formed by the friction stir welding is brought into contact with the welded metal T3 formed by the welding process to form a structure which can further improve watertightness and airtightness.

[Fourth embodiment]

In the joining method of the fourth embodiment, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19, the cylindrical member 10a having a cylindrical shape and the cover member 10b covering the end of the tubular member 10a are characterized by the first embodiment. different. The joining method of the present embodiment includes a friction stir process for performing friction stir on the flat portion J11 and a welding process for welding the inner corner portion I'.

The structure 60 of the present embodiment includes a flat portion J11 formed by flattening an end portion of the tubular member 10a and a surface of one side of the lid member 10b. In the friction stir process, as shown in Fig. 19a, the large rotary tool G is rotated rightward along the flat portion J11, and the friction stir is performed by moving counterclockwise from the front side of the cover member 10b.

After the friction stir process, as shown in Fig. 19b, the inner corner portion I' of the inside of the structure 60 is welded. By forming the weld metal T3 corresponding to the inner corner portion I', the strength of the joint portion can be improved, and the airtightness and watertightness can be improved. Further, according to the welding work, even in the cylindrical structure 60 of the present embodiment, the problem of the fitting of the device and the like can be solved, and the joining work can be performed relatively easily.

Further, it is preferable that the large-sized rotary tool G is actually rotated counterclockwise as viewed from the front side of the cover member 10b. Thereby, the possibility of occurrence of defects on the side of the lid member 10b is increased, and the airtightness and watertightness of the tubular member 10a can be improved. Further, in the present embodiment, the tubular member 10a is joined to the lid member 10b, and the side ends of the pair of cylindrical members 10a can be joined to each other in abutment.

[Fifth Embodiment]

The joining method of the fifth embodiment to the ninth embodiment shown below is different from the joining methods of the first to fourth embodiments after the welding process is performed from the inside of the structure. The joining method of the fifth embodiment will be described by taking a manufacturing process of the structure 1 shown in Fig. 1 as an example.

The joining method of the present embodiment includes (1) intermediate member joining work, (2) flat joint engineering, (3) welding work, (4) groove forming project, (5) friction stir engineering, and (6) joint member insertion project. (7) Outer pre-joining project, (8) Outer main joint project.

(1) Intermediate member joint engineering

The intermediate member joining process is a process of forming the intermediate member 20 (refer to FIG. 3b) which is an intermediate body of the structural body 1. Since the intermediate member joining process is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

(2) Flat engineering

In the splicing process, as shown in Fig. 20, after the intermediate member 20 is vertically inverted, the flat plate 14 is inserted into the opening portion 21 of the intermediate member 20 (see Fig. 3b). The width of the flat plate 14 is formed to be substantially the same as the width of the opening portion 21. That is, when the flat plate 14 is inserted into the opening portion 21, the pair of side end faces R3b and R4a appearing in the opening portion 21 are flush with the both end faces 14a and 14b of the flat plate 14, respectively. As shown in Fig. 20, the side end surface 14a of the other side of the flat plate 14 is in contact with the side end surface R3b of one side of the corner member R3, and the flat portion J7 is formed. On the other hand, the side end surface 14b of one side of the flat plate 14 is flush with the side end surface R4a of the other side of the corner member R4, and the bridge part J8 is formed.

Further, although (3) welding work, (4) groove forming project, (5) friction stir process, (6) connecting member insertion project, (7) outer joint project, and (8) outer main joint project described below are The work performed on the flat portion J7 and the flat portion J8, but the operation contents are substantially the same in the two flat portions, and the flat portion J8 will be described as an example.

Further, as shown in Fig. 21, the metal member formed by flat contact of the flat plate 14 and the corner member R4 is also referred to as a joined metal member N2. Further, the outer surface of the joined metal member N2 is referred to as an outer surface A, and the inner surface is referred to as an inner surface B, and the other end surface is referred to as a first end surface C, and the other end surface is referred to as a second end surface D (see FIG. 25). ).

(3) Welding engineering

The welding process is a process of welding from the inner surface B side of the joined metal member N2 along the flat portion J8. In the welding process, as shown in Fig. 21, the ridge welding of TIG welding or MIG welding or the like forms a welded metal T1 along the flat portion J8. The ridge welding-bonding metal T1 protrudes from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N. By performing the welding process, it is possible to prevent the formation of a defect (Kissing Bond) on the inner surface B side of the flat portion J8 when the main joining process (friction stir process) described later is performed. Further, among the welded metal T1, the portion protruding from the inner surface B is preferably cut. Thereby, the inner surface B can be formed smoothly.

(4) Groove forming project

In the groove forming process, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the groove portion K is formed along the longitudinal direction of the flat portion J8 on the outer surface A side of the flat portion J8. Here, in the groove portion forming process, the friction stir welding process to be described later, the joint member insertion process, the outer pre-joining process, and the outer main joint work, it is preferable to arrange the back contact stand 25 inside the intermediate member 20. The groove forming process is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

(5) Friction stir engineering

In the friction stir process, as shown in Fig. 23b, the large-scale rotary tool G is used to perform friction stir along the flat portion J8 appearing on the bottom surface of the groove portion K. In the present embodiment, the friction stirrer project includes a projecting material arrangement project in which a pair of projecting members are disposed (see FIGS. 24 and 25), and a pre-joining process in which the flat portion J8 is pre-joined (see FIG. 25). A guide hole forming process for forming a guide hole at a predetermined insertion position of the main joining process and a main joining process for main joining of the flat portion J8 (refer to Fig. 26). The projecting material arrangement, the pre-joining process, and the main joining process are slightly the same as those of the first embodiment, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Fig. 27, in the main joining process of the present embodiment, the depth of the friction stir is set, and the welded metal T1 formed on the inner surface B is brought into contact with the groove plasticized region W8 formed on the outer surface A. Thereby, it is sealed by traversing the entire length of the flat portion J8 in the depth direction, and watertightness and airtightness can be improved. Further, after the main joining process is completed, it is preferable to cut the burrs or the like which are generated on the bottom surface of the groove portion K to form a smooth bottom surface. Further, after the main joining process is completed, the pair of protruding materials are cut and removed.

Further, (6) the connecting member insertion process, the (7) outer pre-joining process, and the (8) outer main joining process are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

According to the joining method of the present embodiment described above, the welding process is performed from the inner surface B side before the friction stir process (main joining process) performed on the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N2 (structure 1). Friction stirring can be performed in a state where the inner surface B is pre-attached. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a Kissing Bond on the inner surface B side of the joined metal member N2, that is, on the back side of the surface subjected to friction stir, so that the watertightness and airtightness of the joint portion can be improved.

Moreover, by welding from the inner surface B side of the structure 1, compared with the case where friction stir is performed, the joining operation can be performed relatively easily by the restriction of the cooperation of the release means. Further, in the friction stir process, since the friction stir is performed in a state in which the pair of metal members are preliminarily attached to each other, the workability can be improved.

Moreover, as shown in Fig. 27, the molten metal T1 is in contact with the groove-shaped plasticized region W8, so that the depth direction of the flat portion J8 can be sealed.

[Sixth embodiment]

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the welding process of the fifth embodiment, although the direct welding is performed in the flat portion J8, the welding process according to the sixth embodiment can be formed along the flat portion J8. The recess M1 is preset. Further, the joining method of the sixth embodiment is the same as that of the fifth embodiment except for the welding process, and therefore the description of other items will be omitted.

The welding process of the sixth embodiment, as shown in Figs. 28a and 28b, includes forming a concave portion forming the concave portion M1 along the flat portion J8 of the inner surface B of the joined metal member N2 which is formed on the flat plate 14 and the corner member R4. Engineering, and a fusion metal filling process for filling the recess M1 with the welded metal T2.

In the concave portion forming process, as shown in Fig. 28a, the concave portion M1 is formed at a predetermined width and depth from the inner surface B along the longitudinal direction of the flat portion J8 by a known end milling method. In the present embodiment, the concave portion M1 has a rectangular cross section, but other shapes may be used. The depth of the concave portion M1 is appropriately set corresponding to the depth of the plasticized region in the friction stir welding process to be performed later.

In the fusion metal filling process, as shown in Fig. 28b, the weld metal T2 is filled corresponding to the recess M1. In the welding metal filling process, the swell welding such as MIG welding or TIG welding is performed in accordance with the concave portion M1 to cause the welded metal T2 to protrude from the inner surface B. The inner surface B is smoothly formed by cutting along the inner surface B with respect to the portion of the welded metal T2 protruding from the inner surface B.

As described above, in the welding process, the workability of the welding process can be improved by performing the recess forming process and the welding metal filling process. Further, in the present embodiment, the concave portion M1 is formed after the corner member R and the flat plate 14 are in contact with each other. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the corner portions of the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14 are cut out in advance to form a notch, and then the flat portion can be spliced. The recess M1 is formed by the gap.

[Seventh embodiment]

Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the seventh embodiment, as shown in Fig. 29, the end portion of the first metal member 111a of the pair of flat metal members is vertically joined to the end portion of the second metal member 111b to be joined and joined, and the sixth embodiment is implemented. Different forms. The joining method of the seventh embodiment includes (1) a flat work, (2) a welding work, and (3) a friction stir process.

(1) Flat project

In the splicing process, as shown in Fig. 29a, the end of the first metal member 111a is flush with the end of the second metal member 111b at right angles. The first metal member 111a and the second metal member 111b have a flat plate shape and are made of a friction stirable metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium or magnesium alloy. At the end of the first metal material 111a, a groove portion 141 having a rectangular recessed cross section and a width of a half of the plate width of the first metal member 111a are formed with a width of substantially half of the plate width of the first metal member 111a. And a protrusion 142 having a rectangular cross section is formed. Similarly, at the end of the second metal member 111b, a groove portion 143 having a rectangular recessed portion in cross section and a width of the plate width of the second metal member 111b are formed with a width of substantially half of the plate width of the second metal member 111b. A half of the width and a projection 144 having a rectangular cross section is formed.

In the splicing process, the protruding portion 144 of the second metal member 111b is brought into abutment with the groove portion 141 of the first metal member 111a, and the first metal member 111a is flushed perpendicularly to the second metal member 111b. Thereby, the flat portion J110 is formed on the flat surface of the first metal member 111a and the second metal member 111b. As shown in FIG. 29b, on the first end face C of the joined metal member N3 formed by the first metal member 111a and the second metal member 11b being flushed, a flat portion J110 having a slightly crank-like front view is formed. .

(2) Welding engineering

In the welding process, as shown in Fig. 29b, the flat portion J110 appearing in the inner corner portion I of the joined metal member N3 is welded. Here, the inner corner portion I refers to an inner corner portion formed by the first metal member 111a and the second metal member 111b. In other words, in the welding process, TIG welding or MIG welding is performed along the longitudinal direction of the flat portion J110 from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N3 (inside of the joined metal member N3). Further, in the welded metal T3 formed by the welding process, the portion protruding from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N3 is preferably cut to form a smooth shape.

(3) Friction stir engineering

The friction stir engineering of the present embodiment includes a projecting work for attaching the projecting member 146 to the joined metal member N3 and a main joining process for frictionally stirring the outer side A side of the flat portion J10. In the projecting project of the projecting member, as shown in Fig. 30a, a pair of projecting members 146 are attached to the first end face C and the second end face (omitted from the drawings) of the joined metal member N3. The protruding member 146 is a plate-like member having the same composition as that of the joined metal member N3, and has a thickness slightly equal to the thickness of the second metal member 111b. The protruding material 146 is disposed such that the outer surface A of the joined metal member N3 is flush with the upper surface of the protruding material 146, and is joined to the joined metal member N3 by welding.

In the main joining process, the large-sized rotary tool G is used to perform friction stir from the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N3 along the flat joint portion J110. In the present embodiment, the starting position S _{M3 is} set on the extension line of the flat portion J110 on the protruding member 146, and the end position is set on the other protruding member (not shown). Then, friction stir is performed along the flat portion 110 using the large rotary tool G. As shown in Fig. 30b, the plasticized region W110 is formed on the flat portion J110 by the main joining process.

Further, the rotary tool forms a cavity defect on the left side in the traveling direction when rotating right, and a cavity defect on the right side in the traveling direction when rotating left. Therefore, for example, as shown in Fig. 30a, in the present embodiment, the large-sized rotary tool G is rotated to the left and moved from the start position S _{M3 of} the protruding member 146 along the flat portion J110. Thereby, even if a void defect is formed, it can be formed in the position away from the inner side of the to-be-joined metal member N3.

According to the joining method of the present embodiment, even when the pair of metal members are vertically joined, the watertightness and the airtightness can be improved. In other words, before the friction stir process is performed from the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N3, the welding process is performed from the inner surface B side, whereby the friction stir can be performed while being attached to the inner surface B. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a Kissing Bond on the inner surface B side of the joined metal member N3, that is, on the back side of the surface on which the friction stir is performed, so that the watertightness and airtightness of the joined portion can be improved. Moreover, by welding from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N3, the joining operation can be performed relatively easily at a position where friction stir is difficult, such as the inner corner portion I. Further, in the friction stir process, since the friction stir is performed in a state in which the pair of metal members are preliminarily attached to each other, the workability can be improved. Moreover, by welding from the inner surface B side of the joined metal member N3, it is possible to prevent the second metal member 111b from being reversed to the outer surface A side due to thermal contraction of the plasticized region W110.

[Eighth Embodiment]

Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The joining method of the eighth embodiment is a modification of the seventh embodiment, and the feature that the inner corner portion I is provided with the recess is different from that of the seventh embodiment. The joining method of the eighth embodiment includes (1) a flat work, (2) a welding work, and (3) a friction stir process.

(1) Flat project

In the splicing process, as shown in Fig. 31a, the end of the first metal member 151a is flush with the end of the second metal member 151b at right angles. The first metal member 151a and the second metal member 151b have a plate shape and are made of a friction stirable metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, or magnesium alloy. The first metal member 151a has a body portion 152, a first segment portion 153 that is thinner than the body portion 152, and a second segment portion 154 that is thinner than the first segment portion 153. The length p of the second length portion 154 is formed to be substantially equal to the thickness of the second metal member 151b. The length q of the first length portion 153 is formed to be smaller than the length of the second length portion 154.

In the splicing process, as shown in Fig. 31b, the end surface 155 of the second metal member 151b is brought into abutment with the second section 154 of the first metal member 151a. Then, a concave portion M2 having a rectangular cross section is formed by the main body portion 152 of the first metal member 151a, the first segment portion 153, and the second metal member 151b. That is, the concave portion M2 is formed along the flat portion J111 of the inner corner portion I of the joined metal member N4 formed by the first metal member 151a and the second metal member 151b.

(2) Welding engineering

In the welding process, as shown in Fig. 31c, TIG welding or MIG welding is performed along the concave portion M2 formed by the flat portion J111 of the joined metal member N4. Further, in the welded metal T4 formed by the welding process, the portion protruding from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N4 is cut to form a smooth shape.

(3) Friction stir engineering

In the friction stir process, the large-sized rotary tool G is used from the outer surface A side of the flat portion J111 to perform friction stir. Since the friction stir process is substantially the same as that of the seventh embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

According to the bonding method of the present embodiment, the same effects as those of the seventh embodiment can be obtained, and even when the first metal member 151a and the second metal member 151b are vertically flushed, the concave portion M2 can be easily provided. Perform the welding operation.

Further, although specific description is omitted, as shown in FIG. 32, the first metal member 151a, the second metal member 151b, and the same member as the first metal member 151a can be formed by the bonding method of the eighth embodiment. The three-metal member 151c and the fourth metal member 151d of the same member as the second metal member 151d have a tubular structure 150 having a rectangular cross section. Such a structure 150 can be used as a vacuum container. Further, if necessary, the plasticized region W111 formed in the friction stir process is overlapped with the welded metal T4 formed in the welding process, whereby airtightness and watertightness can be improved.

[Ninth Embodiment]

Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the joining method of the ninth embodiment, as shown in Figs. 33 and 34, a cylindrical tubular member 161a and a cover member 161b covering the end of the tubular member 161a are joined. A modification of the fourth embodiment of the ninth embodiment. The joining method of the present embodiment includes (1) flat welding, (2) welding, and (3) friction stir engineering.

In the splicing work, as shown in Fig. 33, the end surface of the cylindrical member 161a is brought into flat contact with the cover member 161b. The tubular member 161a is a tubular metal member. The end portion of the cylindrical member 161a has a groove portion 162 which is recessed in a width of one half of the plate thickness and has a half-width of the plate thickness, and protrudes to form a projection portion 163 having a rectangular cross section.

The cover member 161b is an element that covers the opening of the tubular member 161a without a gap, and has a main plate-shaped main body portion 164 and a projection 165 that protrudes from one end side of the main body portion 164 and has a circular cross section. The protrusion 165 is concentric with the body portion 164 and is formed to be smaller than the diameter of the body portion 164.

As shown in Fig. 34, the tubular member 161a and the lid member 161b are brought into contact with each other, and the groove portion 162 of the cylindrical member 161a abuts against the projection 165 of the lid member 161b. The tubular member 161a is in contact with the cover member 161b to form a flat portion J112. The member composed of the tubular member 161a and the cover member 161b serves as the joined metal member N5.

(2) Welding engineering

In the welding process, as shown in Fig. 34a, the welding is performed along the flat portion J112 formed in the inner corner portion I' of the joined metal member N5. In the present embodiment, ridge welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed, and the welded metal T5 is formed in a circular shape on the inner surface B of the joined metal member N5 in plan view.

(3) Friction stir engineering

In the friction stir process, as shown in Fig. 34b, the large-sized rotary tool G is used to perform friction stir from the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N5 along the flat portion J112. In the friction stir process, the large rotary tool G is rotated rightward along the flat portion J112, and the front side of the cover member 161b is rotated in the counterclockwise direction to perform friction stir. In this manner, the large rotating tool G is rotated rightward and the cover member 161b is disposed on the left side in the traveling direction, whereby the possibility of forming a void defect on the cover member 161b side is increased. Thereby, a void defect can be formed at a position separated from the hollow portion of the joined metal member N5.

According to the joining method of the ninth embodiment, even when the cylindrical member 161a and the lid member 161b covering one end side of the cylindrical member 161a are joined, the watertightness and the airtightness can be improved. In other words, before the friction stir process is performed from the outer surface A of the joined metal member N5, the welding process is performed from the inner surface B side of the joined metal member N5, whereby the inner surface B is frictionally stirred in the pre-attached state. Further, by welding from the inner surface B of the joined metal member N5, even at a position where it is difficult to perform friction stir at the inner corner portion I', the bonding work can be performed relatively easily by solving the problem of fitting of the device and the like. . Further, the welding process is performed before the friction stir process, and since the metal members are pre-attached to each other, the work of the friction stir process can be easily performed.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but may be appropriately modified without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in the welding process, it is not limited to TIG welding or MIG welding, and other known welding methods may be employed.

A. . . outside

B. . . inside

C. . . First end face

D. . . Second end face

E. . . defect

E _P1 . . . End position

F. . . Small rotary tool

F1. . . Shoulder

F11. . . Lower end

F2. . . Mixing pin

G. . . Large rotating tool

G1. . . Shoulder

G2. . . Mixing pin

H1, H2, H3, H4. . . Wall member

I, I’. . . Inner corner

K. . . Groove

L _A . . . length

M1, M2. . . Concave

N1, N2. . . Bonded metal member

S _P . . . Starting position

R1, R2, R3, R4. . . Angle member

J1 to J8, J8a, J8b, J10, J11, J31, J32, J33, J110, J112. . . Flat joint

R3b, R4a. . . Side end face

S1. . . starting point

E1. . . end

P1. . . Guide hole

N1. . . Pull hole

T1. . . Spliced metal

T1’. . . Prominent part

S33. . . starting point

E33. . . end

S14. . . starting point

E14. . . end

sR4. . . starting point

eR4. . . end

U. . . Connecting member

T1, T2, T3, T5. . . Spliced metal

T2’. . . Prominent part

W2, w3, w4, w5, w6, w10, w110. . . Plasticized area

W8. . . Grooved plasticized area

W8’. . . Lateral plasticized area

X ₁ . . . Outer diameter

Y1. . . Outer diameter

X ₃ . . . Minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter)

Y ₃ . . . Minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter)

1, 50. . . Structure

10a. . . Cylindrical member

10b. . . Cover member

11, 12, 13, 14. . . flat

14a, 14b. . . Both end faces

20. . . Intermediate component

20. . . Intermediate component

twenty one. . . Opening

25. . . Back abutment

25a. . . First backing material

25b. . . Second backing material

25c. . . Longitudinal member

31. . . Outcrop

32. . . Outcrop

60. . . Structure

101. . . Metal component

102. . . Back abutment

103. . . Groove

105. . . Metal component

111a. . . First metal member

111b. . . Second metal member

142. . . Protruding

141, 143. . . Groove

146. . . Outcrop

152. . . Body part

153. . . First section

154. . . Second paragraph

155. . . End face

151a. . . First metal member

151b. . . Second metal member

151c. . . Third metal member

151d. . . Fourth metal member

150. . . Structure

161a. . . Cylindrical member

161b. . . Cover member

162. . . Groove

163. . . Protruding

164. . . Body part

165. . . Projection

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of the first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the structure of the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the intermediate member of the first embodiment, Fig. 3a is an exploded perspective view, and Fig. 3b is a plan view.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the splicing work of the first embodiment.

Fig. 5a is a perspective view of the splicing work of the first embodiment, and Fig. 5b is a perspective view of the groove forming process of the first embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a projecting material arrangement project of the first embodiment.

Figure 7a is a side view of a small rotary tool and Figure 7b is a side view of a large rotary tool.

Fig. 8 is a plan view showing the pre-joining work of the first embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a plan view showing the main joining process of the first embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line I-I of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a side view showing the welding work of the first embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the connection member insertion work of the first embodiment.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a projecting material arrangement project of the first embodiment.

Fig. 14 is a plan view showing the outer pre-joining work of the first embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a view showing the outer main joining process of the first embodiment, Fig. 15a is a plan view, and Fig. 15b is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the 15th.

Fig. 16a is a side view showing a concave portion forming process of the second embodiment, and Fig. 16b is a side view showing a welded metal filling process of the second embodiment.

Fig. 17a is a perspective view of the structure of the third embodiment as viewed from the outside, and Fig. 17b is a perspective view of the structure of the third embodiment as viewed from the inside.

Fig. 18 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 19a is a perspective view of the friction stir engineering of the fourth embodiment, and Fig. 19b is a partial perspective perspective view of the welding work of the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 20 is a front elevational view showing the splicing work of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 21 is a perspective view showing a welding process of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 22 is a perspective view showing a preparation stage of the friction stir welding process of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 23a is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of Fig. 22, and Fig. 23b is a perspective view of a groove forming process.

Fig. 24 is a perspective view showing a projecting material arrangement project of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 25 is a perspective view showing a pre-joining process of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 26 is a perspective view showing the main joining process of the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 27 is a sectional view taken along line I-I of Fig. 26.

Fig. 28 is a view showing a welding process of the sixth embodiment, Fig. 28a is a view showing a concave portion forming process, and Fig. 28b is a view showing a welded metal filling process.

Fig. 29a is a perspective view of the splicing work of the seventh embodiment, and Fig. 29b is a perspective view of the welding work of the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 30a is a perspective view showing a projecting material arrangement project of the seventh embodiment, and Fig. 30b is a perspective view showing a friction stir process of the seventh embodiment.

Fig. 31a is an exploded view of the joined metal member of the eighth embodiment, Fig. 31b is a view of the splicing work of the eighth embodiment, and Fig. 31c is a view of the welding work and the friction stir process of the eighth embodiment.

Fig. 32 is a perspective view showing the structure of the eighth embodiment.

Fig. 33 is an exploded perspective view showing the joined metal member of the ninth embodiment.

Fig. 34a is a perspective view of the welding work of the ninth embodiment, and Fig. 34b is a perspective view of the friction stir process of the ninth embodiment.

Figure 35 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional joining method.

1. . . Structure

11, 12, 13, 14. . . flat

R1, R2, R3, R4. . . Angle member

H1, H2, H3, H4. . . Wall member

W2, W3, W6, W7. . . Plasticized area

W7, W8. . . Grooved plasticized area

W7’, W8’. . . Lateral plasticized area

J1 to J8. . . Flat joint

U. . . Connecting member

Claims (9)

A joining method of joining flat portions of a side surface of a metal member on one side and a side end surface of a metal member on the other side, which comprises performing friction stir on the outer surface side of the metal members to the flat portion After the friction stir process is performed, after the plasticized region is formed on the outer surface side, the flat portion is fused by TIG welding or MIG welding or the like from the inner corner portion of the metal member, and the welded metal is formed along the flat portion. Welding work. In a method of joining, a method of joining a flat portion in which a side surface of a metal member on one side and a side end surface of a metal member on the other side are flush with each other in a tubular structure in which a plurality of metal members are formed in a flat manner is included in Performing a friction stir process for frictionally stirring the flat portion from the outer surface side of the structure, and forming a plasticized region on the outer surface side, and then performing TIG welding on the inner corner portion of the metal member from the flat portion or The ridge welding of the MIG welding or the like and the welding work of the fusion metal are formed along the flat portion. In a joining method, a cylindrical structure formed by flattening a cylindrical tubular member and a cover member covering an end portion of the tubular member, the side surface of the metal member of the cover member and the tubular shape A joining method of a flat portion in which side end faces of a metal member of a member are flush with each other, comprising a friction stir process for performing friction stir on the outer surface side of the structural body from the flat portion, and plasticizing on the outer surface side After the region, the flat portion is welded by TIG welding or MIG welding or the like from the inner corner portion of the metal member, and a welding process of the welded metal is formed along the flat portion. The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plasticized region formed in the friction stir welding process is in contact with the welded metal formed in the welding process. The joining method according to claim 1, wherein in the welding process, the welding metal filling process is performed by filling the welding metal in a concave portion along the flat portion appearing at the inner corner portion. The joining method according to claim 2, wherein the welding process includes a welding metal filling process in which a welded metal is filled in a flat portion formed along an inner corner portion of the structural body to form a concave portion. The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the friction stir engineering, the pre-joining is performed by a small rotary tool before the main joining work by the large rotary tool is performed. Joint work. The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the friction stir engineering, the project includes a projecting material arrangement project in which a pair of protruding members are disposed on both sides of the flat portion, and along the protruding material The protruding portion pre-bonding process of the friction stir of the flat portion of the metal member described above. The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the above-described friction stir engineering, it includes a guide hole forming process in which a guide hole is formed in advance at a predetermined insertion position of the rotary tool for performing friction stir.