JP5233557B2 - Joining method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for joining metal members using friction stirring.

  Friction stir welding (FSW = Friction Stir Welding) is known as a method for joining metal members. Friction stir welding is a process of rotating a rotating tool along the abutting portion between metal members, and plastically flowing the metal at the abutting portion by frictional heat between the rotating tool and the metal member, so that the metal members are solid-phased. It is what is joined. In general, the rotating tool is formed by projecting a stirring pin (probe) on the lower end surface of a cylindrical shoulder.

  Here, FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional joining method. For example, as shown in FIG. 24A, when friction stir is performed on the abutting portion J formed by abutting the end surfaces of the pair of metal members 101, 101, a backing material is provided on the back side of the abutting portion J. 102 is arranged, and friction stirring is performed along the abutting portion J using the rotating tool G (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2001-225179 A JP 2005-131666 A

  However, according to the conventional joining method, as shown in FIG. 24 (b), the metal members 101, 101 contract at the joint, so that the joined metal members 101 are distorted without being horizontal, There was a problem that the quality of the product deteriorated. Further, for example, when a joint member (not shown) is inserted into the groove portion 103 formed between the metal members 101, 101, the bottom portion of the groove portion 103 is not horizontal, so that the joint member cannot be arranged with high accuracy. was there. Further, due to the shrinkage of the metal members 101, 101, there is a consideration that a notch (Kissing Bond) E is formed on the back side of the plasticized region W. As a result, the watertightness and airtightness of the joined metal members 101, 101 are reduced.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 24C, when the side surface of the metal member 105 and the end surface of the metal member 105 are butted vertically and joined to each other from the outside of the metal members 105 and 105 with respect to the abutting portion J. When frictional stirring is performed, there is a problem that one metal member 105 warps due to contraction of the metal members 105 and 105. Further, there is a problem that a notch E is formed on the inner side (inner corner) of the joint portion between the metal members 105 and 105.

  Here, for example, if friction stirring is performed from the back side of the metal members 101, 101 or the inside of the metal members 105, 105, the above-described problem is solved. However, for example, when friction stirring is performed from the inside of the cylindrical structure, or when the inner corner is frictionally stirred as shown in FIG. There has been a problem that it is difficult to move the rotating tool appropriately due to the friction stirrer and the like, and the joining work becomes complicated.

  From such a viewpoint, it is an object of the present invention to provide a joining method capable of easily joining the abutting portions between a pair of metal members and improving the air tightness and water tightness of the joined portions.

  A joining method according to the present invention that solves such a problem is a joining method of a butted portion formed by butting a pair of metal members, and includes a welding step of performing welding from one surface side to the butted portion. And a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring from the other surface side with respect to the abutting portion.

  According to this joining method, prior to the friction stirring step performed from the other surface side, by performing welding from one surface side, it is possible to perform friction stirring while temporarily attaching one surface side. Thereby, since it is possible to prevent the occurrence of notches that tend to occur on the back surface (one surface) side of the surface on which frictional stirring is performed, it is possible to improve the water tightness and air tightness of the metal member at the joint portion. Further, by performing welding from the one surface side, problems such as device engagement can be solved, so that the joining operation can be performed relatively easily. Moreover, since friction stirring can be performed in a state where a pair of metal members are temporarily attached to each other in the friction stirring step, workability can be improved.

Further, the present invention is a method of joining a butt portion in which a plurality of metal members are joined and surrounded by a plurality of wall members. The butt portion is formed by abutting the metal members against each other. A welding step of performing welding from the inside of the wall member after the friction stirring step of performing friction stirring from the outside of the wall member.
Further, the present invention is a method of joining a butt portion formed by abutting a side surface of one metal member and an end surface of the other metal member, and TIG welding is performed from an inner corner portion of the metal members to the butt portion. Or, after performing overlay welding by MIG welding and performing a welding step of forming a weld metal along the abutting portion, performing friction stir from the outer surface side of the metal members to the abutting portion, It includes a friction stirring step of forming a plasticized region on the outer surface side.
Further, the present invention provides a joining structure of a joining portion formed by joining a side face of one metal member and an end face of the other metal member in a structure formed by joining a plurality of metal members and surrounded by a plurality of wall members. After performing the welding process of performing weld welding by TIG welding or MIG welding from the inner corners of the metal members to the butt portion, and forming a weld metal along the butt portion. In addition, it includes a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring on the abutting portion from the outer surface side of the metal members to form a plasticized region on the outer surface side.
Further, the present invention provides a structure formed by abutting a cylindrical member having a cylindrical shape and a lid member covering an end of the cylindrical member, and one surface of the metal member of the lid member and the cylindrical member It is a joining method of a butt portion formed by abutting the end portion of a metal member of the metal member, wherein the butt portion is subjected to overlay welding by TIG welding or MIG welding from the inner corner portion of the metal members to the butt portion. After performing the welding process of forming a weld metal along the part, the friction stir process of forming a plasticized region on the outer surface side by performing friction stir from the outer surface side of the metal members to the abutting portion It is characterized by including.

  According to this joining method, prior to the friction stirring step performed from the outer surface side of the structure body, the friction stirring can be performed with the inner surface side temporarily attached by performing welding from the inner surface side of the structure body. Thereby, since it is possible to prevent the occurrence of notches that tend to occur on the back surface (inner surface of the structure) of the surface on which frictional stirring is performed, the water tightness and air tightness of the metal member at the joint portion can be improved. . Further, by performing welding from the inner surface side of the structure body, problems such as device connection at the time of joining the inside of the structure body are solved, so the joining operation can be performed relatively easily. Moreover, since friction stirring can be performed in a state where a pair of metal members are temporarily attached to each other in the friction stirring step, workability can be improved.

  Moreover, it is preferable to contact the weld metal formed in the welding step and the plasticized region formed in the friction stirring step. According to this joining method, since it seals over the full length of the butt | matching part in the depth direction, the water-tightness and airtightness of a junction part can be improved more.

In addition, the present invention provides a recess forming step of forming a recess along the abutting portion appearing on the other surface side , the inner side of the wall member, or an inner corner before the welding step, and filling the recess with a weld metal. And a weld metal filling step. According to this joining method, the workability of welding can be improved.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the friction stirring step includes a temporary joining step in which temporary joining is performed with a small rotating tool before performing the main joining step in which main joining is performed with a large rotating tool. According to this joining method, it is possible to prevent the opening of the abutting portion when performing the main joining.

  Further, in the friction stirring step, a tab material arranging step for arranging a pair of tab materials on both sides of the abutting portion, and a tab material temporary joining step for performing friction agitating along the abutting portion between the tab material and the metal member Are preferably included. According to such a joining method, the setting of the insertion position and the separation position of the rotary tool is facilitated by using the tab material. Moreover, according to the tab material temporary joining process, the opening of the tab material and the metal member can be prevented.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said friction stirring process includes the pilot hole formation process which forms a pilot hole previously in the insertion insertion position of the rotary tool which performs friction stirring. According to such a joining process, it is possible to reduce press-fit resistance when the rotary tool is pushed in. Thereby, while improving the precision of friction stirring, a joining operation can be performed rapidly.

  The joining method according to the present invention can easily join the abutting portions between a pair of metal members, and can improve the air tightness and water tightness of the joined portions.

[First embodiment]
The joining method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As for the joining method according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, as an example, a case of manufacturing a cylindrical structure 1 formed by being surrounded by four wall members H1, H2, H3, and H4 is formed. explain. In the description, the hollow portion side of the structure 1 is the inside, and the opposite side is the outside. Moreover, the surface which comprises the inner side of the structure 1 is made into an inner surface, and the surface which comprises an outer side is made into an outer surface.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the structural body 1 according to the present embodiment is a cylindrical body having a hollow portion that is substantially rectangular in cross-sectional view. The structure 1 is a flat plate interposed between the corner members R1, R2, R3, and R4 that form the four corners of the structure 1 and have a substantially L shape in plan view, and the corner members R1, R2, R3, and R4. 11, 12, 13, and 14, and the side end faces of each member are joined to each other. The corner members R1 to R4 and the flat plates 11 to 14 are made of a metal material that can be frictionally stirred, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy.

  The wall member H1 includes corner members R1 and R4 that are spaced apart from each other and a flat plate 11 that is disposed between the corner members R1 and R4. The wall member H2 includes a flat plate 12 disposed between the corner members R1 and R2. The wall member H3 includes corner members R2 and R3 that are spaced apart and a flat plate 13 that is disposed between the corner members R2 and R3. The wall member H4 includes a flat plate 14 disposed between the corner members R3 and R4 and joint members U and U.

  The abutting portion J1 between one side end surface of the corner member R4 and the other side end surface of the flat plate 11 and the abutting portion J2 between the other side end surface of the corner member R1 and one side end surface of the flat plate 11 are outside the wall member H1. Friction stirring is performed from the (outer surface) and the inner side (inner surface), and the tip side of each plasticized region formed by friction stirring is formed overlappingly. Note that the plasticizing region includes both a state heated by frictional heat of a rotary tool, which will be described later, and being plasticized, and a state where the joining rotary tool passes and returns to room temperature.

  Similarly, the abutting portion J3 between one side end surface of the corner member R1 and the other side end surface of the flat plate 12, the abutting portion J4 between the other side end surface of the corner member R2 and one side end surface of the flat plate 12, and the square member. The abutting portion J5 between one side end surface of R2 and the other side end surface of the flat plate 13 and the abutting portion J6 between the other side end surface of the corner member R3 and one side end surface of the flat plate 13 are the outer surface side of each wall member and Friction stirring is performed from the inner surface side, and the tip side of each plasticized region formed by friction stirring is formed overlappingly.

On the other hand, the abutting portion J7 between one side end surface of the corner member R3 and the other side end surface of the flat plate 14 and the abutting portion J8 between the other side end surface of the corner member R4 and one side end surface of the flat plate 14 are wall members H4. After being welded from the inner surface side, friction stirring is performed from the outer surface side.
Hereinafter, the joining method of this embodiment will be described in detail. Note that the intermediate member having a U-shaped cross-sectional view made up of the wall members H1, H2, and H3 is substantially the same as the conventional friction stir welding, and will be described briefly.

  The joining method according to this embodiment includes (1) an intermediate member joining step, (2) a butting step, (3) a welding step, (4) a groove forming step, (5) a friction stirring step, and (6) a joint member inserting step. (7) Mainly includes an outer temporary bonding step and (8) an outer main bonding step.

(1) Intermediate member joining step The intermediate member joining step is a step of forming an intermediate member 20 (see FIG. 3B) that is an intermediate of the structure 1. The intermediate member 20 is a member obtained by removing only the flat plate 14 from the structure 1 and has a substantially U shape in cross section. The intermediate member 20 includes the wall member H1 and the wall member H3 that are disposed to face each other, and the flat plate 12 (wall member H2) interposed between the wall member H1 and the wall member H3. In the intermediate member joining step, after the wall member H1 and the wall member H3 are formed, the flat plate 12, the wall member H1, and the wall member H3 are joined.

  The abutting portion J1 between one side end surface of the corner member R4 and the other side end surface of the flat plate 11 is joined by friction stir from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the wall member H1 over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion J1. ing. Moreover, the front end side (thickness direction center part of the flat plate 11) of the plasticization area | regions W1 and W1 formed in the abutting part J1 overlaps. Thereby, since all the gaps in the depth direction of the abutting portion J1 can be frictionally stirred, airtightness and watertightness can be improved. Similarly, the abutting portion J2 between the other side end surface of the corner member R1 and the one side end surface of the flat plate 11 is subjected to frictional stirring from the inner surface side and the outer surface side over the entire length of the abutting portion J2. Thus, the tip sides of the plasticized regions W2, W2 overlap.

  The abutting portion J5 between one side end surface of the corner member R2 and the other side end surface of the flat plate 13 is joined by friction stir from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the wall member H3 over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion J5. ing. Moreover, the front end side (thickness direction center part of the flat plate 13) of the plasticization area | regions W5 and W5 formed in the abutting part J5 overlaps. Thereby, since all the gaps in the depth direction of the abutting portion J5 can be frictionally stirred, airtightness and watertightness can be improved. Similarly, the abutting portion J6 between the other side end surface of the corner member R3 and the one side end surface of the flat plate 13 is subjected to frictional stirring from the outer surface side and the inner surface side over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion J6. Thus, the tip ends of the plasticized regions W6 and W6 overlap.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the flat plate 12 is interposed between the corner member R1 of the wall member H1 and the corner member R2 of the wall member H3. The abutting portion J3 between the other side end surface of the flat plate 12 and the one side end surface of the corner member R1 is joined by friction stir from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the wall member H2 over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion J3. ing. The tip ends (the central portion in the thickness direction of the flat plate 12) of the plasticized regions W3 and W3 formed in the abutting portion J3 overlap. Thereby, since all the gaps in the depth direction of the abutting portion J3 can be frictionally stirred, airtightness and watertightness can be improved. Similarly, the abutting portion J4 between the other side end surface of the corner member R2 and the one side end surface of the flat plate 12 is frictionally stirred from the inner surface side and the outer surface side of the wall member H2 over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion J4. The tip sides of the plasticized regions W4 and W4 overlap.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, an opening 21 into which the flat plate 14 is inserted is formed in a part of the intermediate member 20. In the present embodiment, the friction stir is performed from both the outer surface side and the inner surface side at each abutting portion of the intermediate member 20, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, welding may be performed from one of the outer surface side and the inner surface side of the intermediate member 20 and friction stirring may be performed from the other side.

(2) Abutting process In the abutting process, as shown in FIG. 4, after the intermediate member 20 is turned upside down, the flat plate 14 is inserted into the opening 21 (see FIG. 3B) of the intermediate member 20. The width of the flat plate 14 is formed substantially equal to the width of the opening 21. That is, when the flat plate 14 is inserted into the opening 21, the pair of side end surfaces R3b, R4a appearing in the opening 21 and the side end surfaces 14a, 14b of the flat plate 14 are brought into contact with each other. As shown in FIG. 4, an abutting portion J7 is formed on the abutting surface between the other side end surface 14a of the flat plate 14 and one side end surface R3b of the corner member R3. On the other hand, an abutting portion J8 is formed on the abutting surface between one side end surface 14b of the flat plate 14 and the other side end surface R4a of the corner member R4.

The (3) welding step, (4) groove forming step, (5) friction stirring step, (6) joint member insertion step, (7) outer temporary joining step, and (8) outer main joining step described below are: Although the process is performed on the abutting portion J7 and the abutting portion J8, the contents of work are substantially the same for both abutting portions, and therefore, the abutting portion J8 will be described as an example.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the metal member formed by abutting the flat plate 14 and the corner member R <b> 4 is also referred to as a bonded metal member N. The outer surface of the metal member N to be joined is also referred to as an outer surface A, the inner surface as an inner surface B, one end surface as a first end surface C, and the other end surface as a second end surface D (see FIG. 10).

(3) Welding process A welding process is a process of welding along the abutting part J8 from the inner surface B side of the metal member N to be joined. In the welding process, as shown in FIG. 5, build-up welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed to form a weld metal T1 along the abutting portion J8. Overlay welding is performed to such an extent that the weld metal T1 protrudes from the inner surface B of the metal member N to be joined. By performing the welding process, it is possible to prevent a notch (Kissing Bond) from being formed on the inner surface B side of the abutting portion J8 when performing a main joining process (friction stirring process) described later. In addition, it is preferable to cut the part which protrudes from the inner surface B among the weld metal T1. Thereby, the inner surface B can be formed smoothly.

(4) Groove part formation process In a groove part formation process, as shown in FIG. 7, the groove part K is formed in the outer surface A side of the abutting part J8 along the longitudinal direction of the abutting part J8. Here, it is preferable to arrange the backing table 25 on the inner side of the intermediate member 20 in the groove forming step, the friction stirring step, the joint member inserting step, the outer temporary joining step, and the outer main joining step described later. As shown in FIG. 6, the backing table 25 is a member that supports the flat plate 14 from the inside of the intermediate member 20. The backing table 25 includes a first backing material 25a and a second backing material 25b that are spaced apart from each other, and a vertical member that is erected between the first backing material 25a and the second backing material 25b. 25c, 25c. The lengths of the first backing material 25a and the second backing material 25b are longer than the flat plate 14 (see FIG. 10). The distance from the outer surface of the first backing material 25a to the outer surface of the second backing material 25b is substantially equal to the distance from the inner surface of the flat plate 12 to the inner surface of the flat plate 14 (see FIG. 2). Is formed. In the present embodiment, one backing stand 25 is provided for each of the abutting portions J7 and J8.

  In the groove portion forming step, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, a groove portion K is formed by notching a predetermined width and depth along the abutting portion J8 using a known end mill or the like. In this embodiment, the groove portion K is formed with a depth of about half the plate thickness. In this embodiment, the groove portion K is formed in a rectangular shape in cross section, but may have other shapes.

(5) Friction stirring step In the friction stirring step, friction stirring is performed using a large rotary tool G along the abutting portion J8 appearing on the bottom surface of the groove K as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the friction stir process is a tab material placement process in which a pair of tab materials are placed, a temporary joining process in which temporary joining is performed on the abutting portion J8, and a pilot hole is formed at a planned insertion position in the main joining process. A prepared hole forming step and a main joining step of performing main joining to the abutting portion J8.

  Here, referring to FIG. 8, a small rotating tool (hereinafter referred to as “small rotating tool F”) used for each friction stirrer and a rotating tool larger than the small rotating tool F (hereinafter referred to as “large rotating tool G”). Will be described in detail.

  The small rotary tool F shown in FIG. 8A is made of a metal material harder than the metal member N to be joined, such as tool steel, and projects into a shoulder portion F1 having a columnar shape and a lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1. A stirring pin (probe) F2 is provided. The size and shape of the small rotary tool F may be set according to the material and thickness of the metal member N to be joined, but at least smaller than the large rotary tool G (see FIG. 8B). . In this way, it is possible to perform friction stir welding with a smaller load than when the large rotary tool G is used, so it is possible to reduce the load applied to the friction stirrer, and further to the small rotary tool F. Since the moving speed (feeding speed) can be made higher than the moving speed of the large rotary tool G, the working time and cost required for the friction stir welding can be reduced.

The lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 is a portion that plays a role of pressing the plastic fluidized metal and preventing scattering to the surroundings, and is formed in a concave shape in this embodiment. There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter X ₁ of the shoulder portion F1, in this embodiment, is smaller than the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion G1 of a large rotating tool G.

The stirring pin F2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1, and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment. In addition, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin F2. There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter of the stirring pin F2, in the present embodiment, than the maximum outer diameter of the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin G2 of (upper diameter) X ₂ is large rotating tool G (upper end diameter) Y ₂ It is small, and is smaller than the minimum outer diameter minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) X ₃ is the stirring pin G2 (lower diameter) Y _3. The length L _A of the stirring pin F2 is smaller than the length L _B of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G.

A large rotating tool G shown in FIG. 8B is made of a metal material harder than the metal member N to be joined, such as tool steel, and projects into a shoulder portion G1 having a cylindrical shape and a lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1. It comprises a stirring pin (probe) G2 provided.
The lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1 is formed in a concave shape like the small rotary tool F. The stirring pin G2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1, and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment.

  In the tab material arranging step, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a pair of tab materials are arranged on both end surfaces of the metal member N to be joined. The 1st tab material 31 and the 2nd tab material 32 are arrange | positioned on both sides of the abutting part J8, and the dimension and shape which can cover the abutting part J8 which appears on the 1st end surface C and the 2nd end surface D, respectively. It has. In the present embodiment, the first tab member 31 and the second tab member 32 are disposed on the first backing member 25a of the backing table 25. The surfaces of the first tab member 31 and the second tab member 32 are formed substantially the same as the bottom surface of the groove K. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the material of the 1st tab material 31 and the 2nd tab material 32, In this embodiment, it forms with the metal material of the same composition as the to-be-joined metal member N. In addition, it is preferable to apply | coat a well-known mold release agent to the butt | matching surface of the 1st tab material 31 and the 2nd tab material 32, and the to-be-joined metal member N. FIG. Thereby, when cutting out tab material later, it can cut easily.

  Moreover, the to-be-joined metal member N, the 1st tab material 31, and the 2nd tab material 32 are joined by welding. Thereby, when the friction stirring mentioned later is performed, it can prevent that the to-be-joined metal member N and each tab material open.

In the temporary joining step, friction stirring is performed using the small rotary tool F along the abutting portion J8 that appears on the bottom surface of the groove portion K. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, is positioned a small rotary tool F immediately above the start position S _P1 provided in place of the first tab member 31, subsequently, is lowered while the right rotating the small rotary tool F stirring pin F2 pressing (shown in FIG. 8 (a) refer) to the starting position _{S P1.} When the entire stirring pin F2 enters the first tab member 31 and the entire lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 contacts the surface of the first tab member 31, the starting point of the temporary joining step while rotating the small rotary tool F Relative movement toward s1. When the small rotary tool F reaches the start point s1, the small rotary tool F is moved to the end point e1 of the temporary joining process without leaving the small rotary tool F at the start point s1. When the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e1, the small rotary tool F is moved to the end position E _P1 without being released, and the small rotary tool F is released at the end position E _P1 .

When the agitating pin F2 of the small rotary tool F crosses the abutting portion J31 between the metal member N to be joined and the first tab member 31 and the abutting portion J32 between the metal member N to be joined and the second tab member 32, Although the force which separates the joining metal member N and each tab material acts, since the inner corner part formed with the to-be-joined metal member N, the 1st tab material 31, and the 2nd tab material 32 is joined by welding. Opening between the metal member N to be joined and the first tab member 31 and the second tab member 32 can be prevented. The end position E _P1 of the temporary bonding process is a starting position S _M1 of the main bonding process described later.

  In addition, when performing a temporary contact process, along with the butting part J31 of the to-be-joined metal member N and the 1st tab material 31, and the butting part J32 of the to-be-joined metal member N and the 2nd tab material 32, a small rotation tool F may be used for friction stirring (tab material temporary joining step). Thereby, since the to-be-joined metal member N, the 1st tab material 31, and the 2nd tab material 32 can be joined more firmly, the opening at the time of performing the main joining process mentioned later can be prevented more. Moreover, workability | operativity can be improved by performing a tab material temporary joining process and a temporary joining process continuously in the way of one-stroke writing.

In the pilot hole forming step, as shown in FIG. 8B, the pilot hole P1 is formed at the friction stirring start position in the main joining step described later. That is, in the prepared hole forming step according to the present embodiment, the prepared hole P1 is formed at the start position S _M1 set on the surface of the second tab member 32.

  The pilot hole P1 is provided for the purpose of reducing the insertion resistance (press-fit resistance) of the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G. In this embodiment, when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotating tool F is detached. The formed hole n1 is formed by expanding the diameter with a drill (not shown) or the like. If the punched hole n1 is used, the process for forming the pilot hole P1 can be simplified, and the working time can be shortened. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the form of the pilot hole P1, In this embodiment, it is cylindrical. In addition, in this embodiment, although the pilot hole P1 is formed in the 2nd tab material 32, there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the position of the pilot hole P1, and you may form in the 1st tab material 31, suitably, As in this embodiment, it is desirable to form on the extended line of the seam (boundary line) that appears on the bottom surface of the groove K.

  In the main joining process, the abutting portion J8 is joined in earnest using the large rotating tool G. In the main joining process according to the present embodiment, the large rotating tool G is used, and friction stir is performed from the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N to the abutting portion J8 in a temporarily joined state.

In this bonding process, as shown in FIG. 11, moves the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G insert (pressed) into the starting position S _M1, to the end position E _M1 without disengaging the stirring pin G2 that inserted in the middle Let That is, in the main joining step, the friction stirring is started from the pilot hole P1, and the friction stirring is continuously performed up to the end position E _M1 .
In the present embodiment, the second tab member 32 is provided with the friction stirring start position S _M1 and the first tab member 31 is provided with the end position E _M1 . However, the positions of the start position S _M1 and the end position E _M1 are the same. It is not intended to limit.

The main joining process will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.
First, the large rotary tool G is positioned immediately above the start position S _M1 (the pilot hole P1), and then the large rotary tool G is lowered while rotating clockwise to insert the tip of the stirring pin G2 into the pilot hole P1. When the entire stirring pin G2 enters the second tab member 32 and the entire lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1 comes into contact with the surface of the second tab member 32, it is directed toward one end of the abutting portion J8 while performing frictional stirring. The large rotary tool G is moved relative to the butt portion J8. When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized one after another, and at a position away from the stirring pin G2, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again and becomes a plasticized region ( Hereinafter, “groove plasticization region W8”) is formed.

  When there is a possibility that the amount of heat input to the metal member N to be joined may be excessive, it is desirable to cool the large rotary tool G by supplying water from the bottom surface (outer surface A side) of the groove K. In addition, when cooling water enters between the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14, there is a possibility that an oxide film is generated on the joint surface. Since the joint between them is closed, it is difficult for the cooling water to enter the joint between the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14, and there is no possibility of deteriorating the quality of the joint.

In the abutting portion J8 of the metal member N to be bonded, a friction agitation route is set on the movement trajectory on the joint of the metal member N to be bonded, and the large rotary tool G is relatively moved along the route. Friction stirring is continuously performed from one end of J8 to the other end. When the large rotary tool G is relatively moved to the other end of the abutting portion J8, it is relatively moved toward the end position E _{M1 as} it is while performing frictional stirring. When the large rotary tool G reaches the end position E _M1 , the large rotary tool G is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin G2 is detached from the end position E _M1 .

  As shown in FIG. 12, in the main joining step, the depth of friction agitation can be set so that the weld metal T1 formed on the inner surface B and the groove plasticized region W8 formed on the outer surface A are in contact with each other. preferable. Thereby, since it can seal over the full length of the depth direction of the butt | matching part J8, watertightness and airtightness can be improved. In addition, after this joining process is complete | finished, it is preferable to cut the burr | flash etc. which generate | occur | produced in the bottom face of the groove part K, and to make a bottom face smooth. When the main joining process is completed, the pair of tab members are removed by cutting.

(6) Joint member insertion step The joint member insertion step is a step of inserting the joint member U into the groove K as shown in FIG. The width, depth, and length of the joint member U are formed with dimensions substantially equivalent to the width, depth, and length of the groove portion K, respectively. Therefore, when the joint member U is inserted into the groove K, the surface (upper surface) of the joint member U and the outer surface A of the joined metal member N are flush with each other, and both end faces of the joint member U are joined to the joined metal member N. The first end face C and the second end face D are formed flush with each other. The joint member U is formed of a metal having a composition equivalent to that of the bonded metal member N.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 12, in the welding process, the weld metal T <b> 1 is cooled to cause thermal shrinkage, and the flat plate 14 may be warped toward the inner surface B side. The flat plate 14 may warp to the outer surface A side due to the heat shrinkage of the groove plasticizing region W8. That is, since the distortion of the metal member N to be joined is corrected by the welding process and the main joining process, the bottom surface of the groove portion K is formed substantially horizontally. Thereby, the joint member U can be inserted suitably. Moreover, the joint member U can be stably arrange | positioned by cutting the burr | flash etc. which generate | occur | produced in the bottom face of the groove part K, and forming the said bottom face smoothly.

(7) Outer temporary joining step In the outer temporary joining step, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, along the abutting portion J8a between the flat plate 14 and the joint member U and the abutting portion J8b between the corner member R4 and the joint member U. Temporary joining is performed using the small rotating tool F. The outer temporary joining step in the present embodiment includes a tab material arranging step of arranging a pair of tab members, an outer temporary joining step of temporarily joining the abutting portion J8a and the abutting portion J8b using a small rotary tool F, It includes a pilot hole forming step of forming a pilot hole at a position where the large rotary tool G is to be inserted.

  In the tab material arranging step, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the first tab material 33 and the second tab material 34 are arranged on the first end surface C and the second end surface D of the metal member N to be joined. The 1st tab material 33 and the 2nd tab material 34 are arrange | positioned on both sides of the abutting part J8, the abutting part J8a, and the abutting part J8b, and each abutting part which appears on the 1st end surface C and the 2nd end surface D, respectively. It has dimensions and shape that can cover. In the present embodiment, the first tab member 33 and the second tab member 34 are disposed on the first backing member 25a of the backing table 25. The surfaces of the first tab member 33 and the second tab member 34 are formed flush with the outer surface A of the metal member N to be joined. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the material of the 1st tab material 33 and the 2nd tab material 34, In this embodiment, it forms with the metal material of the same composition as the to-be-joined metal member N.

In the outer temporary joining step, friction agitation is performed using the small rotary tool F along the abutting portion J8a and the abutting portion J8b that appear on the outer surface A of the metal member N to be joined. In the present embodiment, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, one stroke is drawn from the start position S _P2 set on the first tab member 33 to the end position E _P2 set on the first tab member 33. In this manner, the small rotary tool F is relatively moved to perform friction stirring.

  That is, in the outer temporary joining step, the first tab material temporary joining step for joining the abutting portion J33 between the first tab member 33 and the metal member N to be joined, and the abutting portion J8a between the flat plate 14 and the joint member U are joined. The first outer temporary joining step, the second tab material temporary joining step for joining the abutting portion J34 of the second tab member 34 and the metal member N to be joined, and the abutting portion J8b of the corner member R4 and the joint member U are joined. A second outer temporary joining step.

In the first tab material temporary joining step, after the small rotary tool F is pressed to the start position _SP2 set on the first tab material 33, the small rotary tool F is relatively moved to the start point s33 of the first tab material temporary joining step. . When the small rotary tool F reaches the start point s33, the small rotary tool F is moved along the abutting portion J33 to the end point e33 of the first tab material temporary joining step. When the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e33, the small rotary tool F is temporarily moved into the first tab member 33 without being detached, and moved to the start point s14 of the first outer temporary joining step.

  In addition, when the small rotary tool F is rotated to the right, there is a possibility that a fine cavity defect may occur on the left side in the traveling direction of the small rotating tool F. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point s33 and the end point e33 of the first tab member temporary joining step so that the member N is positioned. This makes it difficult for a cavity defect to occur on the metal member N side to be joined, so that a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

  Incidentally, when the small rotary tool F is rotated counterclockwise, there is a possibility that a fine cavity defect may occur on the right side in the traveling direction of the small rotating tool F. It is desirable to set the positions of the start point and end point of the first tab material temporary joining step so that the member N is positioned. Specifically, although not shown, a starting point is provided at the position of the end point e33 when the small rotating tool F is rotated to the right, and an end point is provided at the position of the starting point s33 when the small rotating tool F is rotated to the right. Just do it.

  When the small rotary tool F reaches the start point s14 of the first outer temporary joining step, the process proceeds to the first outer temporary joining step as it is, and the small rotary tool F is moved along the abutting portion J8a. When the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e14 of the first outer provisional joining process, it once enters the second tab material 34 and moves to the start point s34 of the second tab material provisional joining process. When the small rotary tool F reaches the start point s34, the small rotary tool F is moved along the abutting portion J34 to the end point e34 of the second tab material temporary joining step.

When the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e34, the small rotary tool F is once moved into the second tab member 34 side without being detached, and moved to the start point sR4 of the second outer temporary joining step. When the small rotary tool F reaches sR4, the small rotary tool F is moved along the abutting portion J8b, and the process proceeds to the second outer temporary joining step as it is. When small rotary tool F reaches the end point eR4 the second outer temporary bonding step, as it is plunged into the first tab member 33, disengaging the small rotary tool F at the end position E _P2. Incidentally, the end position _{E P2} is also the starting position _{S M2} described later is outside the bonding step.

When the outer temporary joining step is completed, a pilot hole is formed using a punched hole (not shown) formed at the end position _EP2 . Since the pilot hole forming step is substantially the same as the above-described step, description thereof is omitted.

(8) Outer Main Joining Step The outer main joining step is a step of fully joining the abutting portions J8a and J8b appearing on the outer surface A of the metal member N to be joined. In the outer main joining process according to the present embodiment, a large rotary tool G is used, and friction stir is performed from the outer surface A side of the joined metal member N to the abutting portion J8a and the abutting portion J8b in a temporarily joined state.

In the outer main joining step, as shown in FIG. 16A, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotary tool G is inserted into the start position _SM2, and the end position E _M2 is removed without removing the inserted stirring pin G2 halfway. To move. In the present embodiment, the first tab member 33 is provided with the friction stirring start position S _M2 and the end position E _M2 , but is not intended to limit the positions of the start position S _M2 and the end position E _M2 .

The outer main joining step will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b).
First, as shown in FIG. 16A, the large rotary tool G is positioned immediately above the start position S _M2 (preparation hole P1), and then the large rotary tool G is lowered while being rotated clockwise to agitation pin G2. Insert the tip of the into the pilot hole. When the entire stirring pin G2 enters the first tab member 33 and the entire lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1 comes into contact with the surface of the first tab member 33, it is directed toward one end of the abutting portion J8b while performing friction stirring. The large rotary tool G is moved relative to the butt portion J8b. When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized one after another, and at a position away from the stirring pin G2, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again and becomes a plasticized region ( Hereinafter, “outer plasticized region W8 ′”) is formed.

Then, the large rotary tool G is reciprocated (two reciprocations in the present embodiment) so that the formed outer plasticizing region W8 ′ does not contact the abutting portion J34 and the abutting portion J33, along the abutting portion J8b and the abutting portion J8a. Stir friction continuously. Finally, the large rotating tool G is detached at the end position E _M2 set in the first tab member 33 through the abutting portion J33.

As shown in FIG. 16 (b), it is preferable that the front end side of the outer plasticized region W8 ′ is frictionally stirred so as to contact the bottom surface of the groove K. With this configuration, friction stirring can be performed over the entire length in the depth direction of the abutting portion J8a and the abutting portion J8b. Further, since the large rotary tool G is reciprocated while being shifted in the width direction of the joint member U, the interface between the lower surface of the joint member U and the bottom surface of the groove portion K can be frictionally stirred over the entire surface. Airtightness can be further increased.
In addition, reciprocation of the large-sized rotary tool G so that the outer plasticized region W8 ′ does not come into contact with the abutting portion J34 and the abutting portion J33 can prevent the oxide film formed on the abutting portion J34 and the abutting portion J33 from being caught. Can do.

According to the joining method of the present embodiment described above, prior to the friction stirring step (main joining step) performed from the outer surface A side of the metal member N (flat plate 14), the welding step is performed from the inner surface B side. Friction stirring can be performed with the inner surface B temporarily attached. Thereby, since it can prevent that a notch (Kissing Bond) generate | occur | produces in the inner surface B side of the to-be-joined metal member N, ie, the back surface side of the surface which carries out friction stirring, the water-tightness and airtightness of a junction part Can be increased.
In addition, since welding is performed from the inner surface B side of the structure 1, problems such as device engagement can be solved as compared with the case of friction stirring, so that the joining operation can be performed relatively easily. Further, in the friction stirring step, since the friction stirring can be performed in a state where the pair of metal members are temporarily attached, workability can be improved.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 16B, the depth direction of the abutting portion J8 can be sealed by bringing the weld metal T1 and the groove plasticizing region W8 into contact with each other. Further, in the outer main joining step, the abutting portion J8a between the joint member U and the flat plate 14 and the abutting portion J8b between the joint member U and the corner member R4 are frictionally stirred, and the interface between the joint member U and the bottom surface of the groove portion K ( By friction-stirring the abutting portion), airtightness and watertightness can be further improved.

  In the first embodiment, the friction stir is performed step by step using the joint member U. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when the plate thickness of the metal member is small, the joint member U is not used. What is necessary is just to perform a welding process and a friction stirring process.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the welding process according to the first embodiment, the welding is directly performed on the abutting portion J8. However, as in the welding process according to the second embodiment, the concave portion M1 may be formed in advance. In addition, since the joining method according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the welding step, description of other steps is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, the welding process according to the second embodiment is performed along the abutting portion J8 that appears on the inner surface B of the metal member N to be joined including the flat plate 14 and the corner member R4. A recess forming step for forming the recess M1 and a weld metal filling step for filling the weld metal T2 into the recess M1 are included.

  In the recess forming step, as shown in FIG. 17A, the recess M1 is formed with a predetermined width and depth from the inner surface B along the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion J8 using a known end mill. In the present embodiment, the concave portion M1 is formed in a rectangular shape in cross section, but may have other shapes. What is necessary is just to set the depth of the recessed part M1 suitably according to the depth of the plasticization area | region in the friction stirring process performed later.

  In the weld metal filling step, as shown in FIG. 17B, the recess M1 is filled with the weld metal T2. In the weld metal filling step, build-up welding such as MIG welding or TIG welding is performed on the recess M1, and the weld metal T2 is projected from the inner surface B. About the part of the weld metal T2 protruding from the inner surface B, the inner surface B can be formed smoothly by cutting along the inner surface B.

  Thus, the workability | operativity of a welding process can be improved by performing a recessed part formation process and a weld metal filling process in a welding process. In the present embodiment, the concave portion M1 is formed after the corner member R4 and the flat plate 14 are brought into contact with each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the corner portions of the square member R4 and the flat plate 14 are notched in advance. After the formation, the recess M1 may be formed by abutting these notches.

[Third embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In 3rd embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the end part of the 1st metal member 1a which is a pair of flat metal member and the end part of the 2nd metal member 1b are faced | matched vertically and joined. This is different from the first embodiment. The joining method according to the third embodiment includes (1) a butt process, (2) a welding process, and (3) a friction stirring process.

(1) Butting Step In the matching step, as shown in FIG. 18A, the end of the first metal member 1a and the end of the second metal member 1b are butted at a right angle. The first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b have a flat plate shape and are made of a friction-stirring metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. At the end of the first metal member 1a, a concave groove 41 cut out in a rectangular shape in cross-section with a width approximately half the plate width of the first metal member 1a, and approximately half the plate width of the first metal member 1a. And a protruding portion 42 protruding so as to exhibit a rectangular shape in cross-section. Similarly, at the end of the second metal member 1b, a concave groove 43 cut out in a rectangular shape in cross-section with a width approximately half the plate width of the second metal member 1b, and the plate width of the second metal member 1b. And a projecting portion 44 projecting so as to present a rectangular shape in cross section with a substantially half width.

  In the abutting step, the projecting portion 44 of the second metal member 1b is brought into contact with the concave groove portion 41 of the first metal member 1a so that the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are butted substantially vertically. Thereby, the abutting part J10 is formed in the abutting surface of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b. On the first end face C of the to-be-joined metal member N1 formed by abutting the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b, an abutting portion J10 formed in a substantially crank shape when viewed from the front appears.

(2) Welding process In the welding process, as shown in FIG. 18B, welding is performed on the abutting portion J10 appearing at the inner corner I of the metal member N1 to be joined. Here, the inner corner I refers to an inner corner formed by the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b. That is, in the welding process, build-up welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed along the longitudinal direction of the abutting portion J10 from the inner surface B of the metal member N1 (inside the metal member N1). In addition, in the weld metal T3 formed by the welding process, it is preferable that the portion protruding from the inner surface B of the metal member N1 to be joined is cut and formed smoothly.

(3) Friction stirring process The friction stirring process according to the present embodiment includes a tab material installation process in which the tab material 46 is attached to the metal member N1 to be bonded, and a main bonding process in which friction stirring is performed from the outer surface A side to the abutting portion J10. Including. In the tab material installation step, as shown in FIG. 19A, a pair of tab materials 46 are attached to the first end surface C and the second end surface (not shown) of the bonded metal member N1. The tab member 46 is a plate-like member having the same composition as the metal member N1 to be joined, and is formed substantially equal to the plate thickness of the second metal member 1b. The tab member 46 is disposed so that the outer surface A of the metal member N1 to be bonded and the upper surface of the tab member 46 are flush with each other, and are joined by welding.

In the main joining step, friction stirring is performed using the large rotating tool G along the abutting portion J10 from the outer surface A side of the metal member N1 to be joined. In the present embodiment, on the tab material 46, the start position _SM3 is set on the extension line of the abutting portion J10, and the end position is set on the other tab material (not shown). And friction stirring is performed along the abutting part J10 using the large-sized rotating tool G. As shown in FIG. 19B, a plasticized region W10 is formed in the abutting portion J10 by the main joining step.

In addition, when the rotating tool is rotated to the right, a cavity defect may be formed on the left side in the traveling direction, and on the right side in the traveling direction when it is rotated to the left. Thus, for example, as shown in (a) of FIG. 19, in this embodiment, preferable to move along the butting portion J10 of large rotating tool G is rotated counterclockwise from the start position S _M3 tab member 46 . Thereby, even if a cavity defect is formed, it can be formed at a position far from the inside of the bonded metal member N1.

  According to the joining method according to the present embodiment, water tightness and air tightness can be improved even when a pair of metal members are vertically butted and joined. That is, prior to the friction stirring step performed from the outer surface A side of the metal member N1 to be joined, the friction stirring can be performed with the inner surface B temporarily attached by performing the welding step from the inner surface B side. Thereby, since it can prevent that a notch (Kissing Bond) generate | occur | produces in the inner surface B side of the to-be-joined metal member N1, ie, the back surface side of the surface which carries out friction stirring, the water-tightness and airtightness of a junction part. Can be increased. Further, by performing welding from the inner surface B of the metal member N1 to be bonded, it is possible to perform the bonding operation relatively easily even at a place where friction stirring is difficult, such as the inner corner I. Further, in the friction stirring step, since the friction stirring can be performed in a state where the pair of metal members are temporarily attached, workability can be improved. Further, by performing welding from the inner surface B side of the metal member N1 to be joined, it is possible to prevent the second metal member 1b from warping to the outer surface A side due to thermal contraction of the plasticizing region W10.

[Fourth embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The joining method according to the fourth embodiment is a modification of the third embodiment, and is different from the third embodiment in that the inner corner I is provided with a recess. The joining method according to the fourth embodiment includes (1) a butt process, (2) a welding process, and (3) a friction stirring process.

(1) Abutting process In an abutting process, as shown to (a) of Drawing 20, the end of the 1st metal member 51a and the end of the 2nd metal member 51b are butted at right angle. The first metal member 51a and the second metal member 51b have a plate shape and are made of a metal material that can be frictionally stirred, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. The first metal member 51 a includes a main body portion 52, a first step portion 53 formed thinner than the main body portion 52, and a second step portion 54 formed thinner than the first step portion 53. Have. The length p of the second step portion 54 is formed substantially equal to the plate thickness of the second metal member 51b. The length q of the first step portion 53 is formed smaller than the length of the second step portion 54.

  In the abutting step, as shown in FIG. 20B, the end surface 55 of the second metal member 51b is brought into contact with the second step portion 54 of the first metal member 51a. Then, the concave portion M2 having a rectangular shape in cross section is formed by the main body portion 52, the first step portion 53, and the second metal member 51b of the first metal member 51a. That is, the recessed part M2 is formed along the abutting part J11 formed in the inner corner I of the to-be-joined metal member N2 composed of the first metal member 51a and the second metal member 51b.

(2) Welding process In the welding process, as shown in FIG. 20 (c), overlay welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed on the recess M2 formed along the abutting portion J11 of the metal member N2 to be joined. I do. In addition, in the weld metal T4 formed by the welding process, it is preferable that the portion protruding from the inner surface B of the bonded metal member N2 is cut and formed smoothly.

(3) Friction stirring step In the friction stirring step, friction stirring is performed using the large rotating tool G from the outer surface A side of the abutting portion J11. Since the friction stirring step is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. In addition, when the plate | board thickness of the 2nd metal member 51b is thin, watertightness and airtightness can be improved more by making the plasticization area | region W11 and weld metal T4 which are formed at a friction stirring process contact.

According to the joining method according to the present embodiment, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be obtained, and the recess M2 can be formed even when the first metal member 51a and the second metal member 51b are abutted vertically. By providing, welding work can be performed easily.
Moreover, although a specific description is omitted, as shown in FIG. 21, using the joining method according to the fourth embodiment, the first metal member 51a, the second metal member 51b, and the first metal member 51a are equivalent. A cylindrical structure Z having a rectangular shape in cross section can be formed of the fourth metal member 51d, which is a member equivalent to the third metal member 51c and the second metal member 51b. Such a structure Z can be used as a vacuum container, for example.

[Fifth embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the joining method according to the fifth embodiment is the first in that a cylindrical member 61a having a cylindrical shape and a lid member 61b covering the end of the cylindrical member 61a are joined. It is different from the embodiment. The joining method according to the present embodiment includes (1) a butt process, (2) a welding process, and (3) a friction stirring process.

(1) Butting process In a matching process, as shown in Drawing 22, the end surface of cylindrical member 61a and lid member 61b are butted. The cylindrical member 61a is a metal member that has a cylindrical shape. The end of the cylindrical member 61a has a concave groove 62 cut out in a cross-sectional view rectangle with a half width of the plate thickness, and a protruding portion 63 protruding so as to exhibit a cross-sectional view rectangle with a half width of the plate thickness. Have.
The lid member 61b is a member that covers the opening of the cylindrical member 61a without any gaps, and includes a disk-shaped main body 64 and a protrusion 65 that protrudes from one end of the main body 64 and has a circular shape in cross section. The protrusion 65 is formed concentrically with the main body portion 64 and is formed smaller than the diameter of the main body portion 64.

  As shown in FIG. 23, the cylindrical member 61a and the lid member 61b are brought into contact with each other, and the concave groove portion 62 of the cylindrical member 61a and the projection 65 of the lid member 61b are brought into contact with each other. The tubular member 61a and the lid member 61b are abutted to form an abutting portion J12. A member composed of the cylindrical member 61a and the lid member 61b is a metal member N3 to be joined.

(2) Welding process In the welding process, as shown in FIG. 23 (a), welding is performed along the abutting portion J12 formed at the inner corner I ′ of the metal member N3 to be joined. In the present embodiment, overlay welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding is performed so that the weld metal T5 is formed in a circular shape in plan view on the inner surface B of the metal member N3 to be joined.

(3) Friction stirring step In the friction stirring step, as shown in FIG. 23B, friction stirring is performed along the abutting portion J12 from the outer surface A side of the metal member N3 to be joined using a large rotary tool G. In the friction agitation step, friction agitation is performed by moving the large rotating tool G clockwise along the abutting portion J12 and moving it counterclockwise as viewed from the front side of the lid member 61b. In this way, by setting the large rotation tool G to the right so that the lid member 61b is disposed on the left side in the traveling direction, there is a high possibility that a cavity defect is formed on the lid member 61b side. Thereby, a cavity defect can be formed in the position away from the hollow part of the to-be-joined metal member N3.

  According to the joining method which concerns on 5th embodiment, even when it is a case where the cylindrical member 61a and the cover member 61b which covers the one end side of the cylindrical member 61a are joined, watertightness and airtightness can be improved. . That is, prior to the friction stir process performed from the outer surface A of the metal member N3, the welding process is performed from the inner surface B side of the metal member N3 so that the friction stir can be performed with the inner surface B temporarily attached. . Further, by performing welding from the inner surface B of the metal member N3 to be joined, it is possible to perform the joining operation relatively easily even at a place where friction stirring is difficult, such as the inner corner I '. In addition, since the metal members can be temporarily attached by performing a welding process prior to the friction stirring process, the work of the friction stirring process can be easily performed.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, modifications can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in a welding process, it is not limited to TIG welding or MIG welding, You may employ | adopt another well-known welding method.

It is the perspective view which showed the structure which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a top view showing the structure concerning a first embodiment. It is the figure which showed the intermediate member which concerns on 1st embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a disassembled perspective view, (b) is a top view. It is the top view which showed the butt | matching process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the perspective view which showed the welding process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the perspective view which showed the preparation stage of the friction stirring process which concerns on 1st embodiment. (A) is the one part enlarged perspective view of FIG. 6, (b) is the perspective view which showed the groove part formation process. (A) is the side view which showed the small rotation tool, (b) is the side view which showed the large rotation tool. It is the perspective view which showed the tab material arrangement | positioning process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the top view which showed the temporary joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the top view which showed the main joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the II sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the joint member insertion process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the perspective view which showed the tab material arrangement | positioning process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the top view which showed the outer side temporary joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is the figure which showed the outer side final joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a top view, (b) is the II-II sectional view taken on the line of (a). It is the figure which showed the welding process which concerns on 2nd embodiment, Comprising: (a) shows a recessed part formation process, (b) shows a weld metal filling process. (A) is the perspective view which showed the butt | matching process which concerns on 3rd embodiment, (b) is the perspective view which showed the welding process which concerns on 3rd embodiment. (A) is the tab material arrangement | positioning process which concerns on 3rd embodiment, (b) is the perspective view which showed the friction stirring process which concerns on 3rd embodiment. (A) is an exploded view of the to-be-joined metal member which concerns on 4th embodiment, (b) is the figure which showed the butt | matching process which concerns on 4th embodiment, (c) is 4th embodiment. It is the figure which showed the welding process and friction stirring process which concern on. It is the perspective view which showed the structure which concerns on 4th embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of the to-be-joined metal member which concerns on 5th embodiment. (A) is the perspective view which showed the welding process which concerns on 5th embodiment, (b) is the perspective view which showed the friction stirring process which concerns on 5th embodiment. It is sectional drawing which showed the conventional joining method.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Structure 11-14 Flat plate 31 1st tab material 32 2nd tab material F Small rotation tool G Large rotation tool H1-H4 Wall member J Abutting part K Groove part M1 Concave part P1 Pilot hole R1-R4 Square member T Weld metal W Plastic Area

Claims (12)

It is a joining method of a butt portion formed by butting a pair of metal members,
After performing a welding process for welding from one surface side to the butt portion,
A joining method comprising a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring on the abutting portion from the other surface side. In a cylindrical structure formed by abutting a plurality of metal members, a joining method of a butt portion formed by abutting the metal members together,
After performing a welding process of welding from the inner surface side of the structure to the abutting portion,
A joining method, comprising: a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring on the abutting portion from an outer surface side of the structure. It is a joining method of a butt portion formed by abutting the side surface of one metal member and the end surface of the other metal member,
After performing build-up welding by TIG welding or MIG welding from the inner corners of the metal members to the abutting part, and performing a welding process of forming a weld metal along the abutting part,
A joining method, comprising: a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring on the abutting portion from the outer surface side of the metal members to form a plasticized region on the outer surface side. In a structure that is configured by joining a plurality of metal members and surrounded by a plurality of wall members,
It is a joining method of a butt portion formed by abutting the side surface of one metal member and the end surface of the other metal member,
After performing build-up welding by TIG welding or MIG welding from the inner corners of the metal members to the abutting part, and performing a welding process of forming a weld metal along the abutting part,
A joining method, comprising: a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring on the abutting portion from the outer surface side of the metal members to form a plasticized region on the outer surface side. In the structure formed by abutting a cylindrical member that exhibits a cylindrical shape and a lid member that covers an end of the cylindrical member,
It is a joining method of a butt portion formed by abutting one surface of a metal member of the lid member and an end portion of the metal member of the cylindrical member,
After performing build-up welding by TIG welding or MIG welding from the inner corners of the metal members to the abutting part, and performing a welding process of forming a weld metal along the abutting part,
A joining method, comprising: a friction stirring step of performing friction stirring on the abutting portion from the outer surface side of the metal members to form a plasticized region on the outer surface side. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the weld metal formed in the welding step and the plasticized region formed in the friction stirring step are brought into contact with each other .   The joining method according to claim 1, wherein the welding step includes a weld metal filling step of filling a weld metal in a recess formed along the abutting portion that appears on the one surface.   The joining method according to claim 2, wherein the welding step includes a weld metal filling step of filling the recess formed along the abutting portion appearing on the inner surface of the structure with a weld metal. 6. The welding process according to claim 3, further comprising a welding metal filling step of filling a recessed portion formed along the abutting portion appearing in the inner corner with a weld metal. The joining method described in 1. In the friction stirring step, before performing the main bonding step of performing the bonding by large rotating tool, of claim 1 to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a provisional bonding step of performing temporary bonding by a small rotating tool The joining method according to any one of the above. In the friction agitation step, a tab material arrangement step for arranging a pair of tab materials on both sides of the abutting portion, and a tab material temporary joining step for friction agitation along the abutting portion between the tab material and the metal member, The bonding method according to claim 1, wherein the bonding method is included. The joining according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the friction stir step includes a pilot hole forming step of forming a pilot hole in advance at a position where a rotary tool for friction stirring is to be inserted. Method.

Images