JP2008188664A - Joining method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a joining method for joining metallic members with each other by using a joint member by which the preliminary friction stir welding can be efficiently performed before performing the permanent joining of the metallic members with the joint member. <P>SOLUTION: When performing a temporary joint joining process for performing the friction stir welding of a butted part J1 of one tab member 1 to a joint member 20, a butted part J2 of a body part 1A of one metallic member 10 to the joint member 20, a butted part J3 of the other tab member 2 to the joint member 20, and a butted part J4 of a body part 1A of the other metallic member 10 to the joint member 20, the starting position S<SB>1</SB>and the terminating position E<SB>1</SB>for the friction stir welding are provided on one tab member 1, and a rotary tool A for temporary joining inserted in the starting position S<SB>1</SB>is relatively moved to the terminating position E<SB>1</SB>without detaching it on the way. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for joining metal members using friction stirring.

  Friction stir welding (FSW = Friction Stir Welding) is known as a method for joining metal members. In friction stir welding, the rotated rotating tool is moved along the abutting portion between the metal members, and the metal at the abutting portion is plastically flowed by the frictional heat between the rotating tool and the metal member, so that the metal members are solid-phased. It is what is joined. In general, the rotating tool is formed by protruding a stirring pin (probe) on the lower end surface of a cylindrical shoulder portion.

  When joining metal members having large thicknesses using friction stirring, it is necessary to use a large rotary tool corresponding to the thickness, but as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3. In addition, if a step portion is formed at the edge of the main body portion of the metal member, the metal members having large thicknesses can be joined even if a small rotating tool is used. In Patent Documents 1 to 3, in addition to friction stir welding between the step parts, a joint member is inserted into a recess formed by abutting the step parts, and the joint member and the metal member Metal members are joined to each other by friction stir welding to the main body.

  By the way, in patent documents 1 thru / or patent documents 3, although tab material is not used when joining a joint member and a metal member, when using tab material, tab material is metal member by friction stir welding. It is conceivable to fix it to a joint member (see Patent Document 4). Moreover, in patent document 1 thru | or patent document 3, although temporary joining (temporary attachment) of a coupling member and a metal member is not performed, when performing temporary joining, it is possible to utilize friction stir welding (patent). Reference 5).

JP 11-342481 A JP-A-2004-358535 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-131666 JP 2005-66669 A JP 2002-1551 A

  Friction stir welding performed to temporarily join the metal member and the joint member, and friction stir welding to fix the tab material to the joint member, etc. are only preliminary work performed before the main joining. Therefore, efficiency and speedup are desired. However, by simply applying the techniques of Patent Documents 4 and 5 to the techniques of Patent Documents 1 to 3, the efficiency of preliminary friction stir welding is improved.・ It cannot be accelerated.

  From such a viewpoint, the present invention is a method for joining metal members using a joint member, and efficiently performs preliminary friction stir welding performed before the metal member and the joint member are joined together. It is an object to provide a bonding method that can be performed.

  In the joining method according to the present invention for solving such a problem, the stepped portions of two metal members each having a stepped portion having a thickness smaller than that of the main body portion at the edge portion of the main body portion are brought into contact with each other. An abutting step for forming a recess therebetween, a joint member is inserted into the recess, the joint member is butted against the two main body portions, and a pair of tab members are disposed so as to sandwich the joint member, Using a joint member arranging step for abutting the tab material to the joint member, and a rotary tool for temporary joining, the abutting portion between the one tab material and the joint member, the main body portion and the joint of the one metal member A joint provisional joining step in which friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion with the member, the abutting portion between the other tab member and the joint member, and the abutting portion between the main body portion of the other metal member and the joint member; A book larger than the rotary tool for temporary joining A joint that performs friction stirring on the abutting portion between the main body portion of one of the metal members and the joint member and the abutting portion of the main body portion of the other metal member and the joint member using a rotating tool for combination. A joining method including a main joining step, wherein in the joint temporary joining step, a friction stirring start position and an end position are provided in one of the tab members, and the temporary joining rotary tool inserted into the start position is provided. Relative movement is made to the end position without being separated on the way.

  In short, the present invention continuously stirs the abutting portions of the tab members and the joint members and the abutting portions of the joint members and the main body portions, and sets the rotary tool for temporary joining at positions other than the start position and the end position. The feature is that it is not inserted and removed. In this way, since the insertion work and the removal work of the temporary joining rotary tool are each performed once, it is possible to improve the efficiency and speed of the preliminary friction stir welding.

  In the joint member arranging step, when the tab members are also abutted against the main body portion of one of the metal members and the main body portion of the other metal member, It is desirable that the friction stir is performed also on the abutting portion between each tab member and the main body portion of each metal member.

  By the way, when the rotating tool used for friction stirring is rotated to the right, there is a risk that a fine bonding defect may occur on the left side of the rotating tool's traveling direction. Since there is a possibility that a fine bonding defect may occur on the right side, when the rotary tool for temporary bonding is rotated to the right, when the friction stir is performed on the abutting portion between each tab member and the joint member In addition, the tab material may be positioned on the left side in the advancing direction of the temporary joining rotary tool. When the temporary joining rotary tool is rotated counterclockwise, the abutment portion between each tab material and the joint member. When the friction stir is performed, the tab material may be positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the temporary bonding rotary tool. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joint defect on the joint member side, it becomes possible to obtain a high quality joined body.

  According to the joining method according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the efficiency and speed of the preliminary friction stir welding performed before the main joining.

[First embodiment]
The joining method according to the first embodiment is a joining method in which the metal members 10 and 10 shown in FIG. 1 are joined in a straight line, and includes (1) a butting process, (2) a first step joining process, 3) Joint member placement step, (4) Joint temporary joining step, (5) Joint final joining step, (6) Integration step, (7) First repair step, (8) Second repair step, (9 ) Includes a second step joining step. In addition, in this embodiment, the case where each process of (2)-(8) is performed from the one surface side of the metal member 10 is illustrated.

  First, the configuration of the metal member 10 will be described in detail. The metal member 10 is made of a metal material that can be frictionally stirred such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, and magnesium alloy. In the present embodiment, one metal member 10 and the other metal member 10 are formed of metal materials having the same composition.

  As shown to (a) of FIG. 1, the metal member 10 is provided with the main-body part 1A and the step part 1B formed in the edge of the main-body part 1A. In the following description, of the side surfaces 11 and 14 of the main body 1A, the side surface 11 rising from the surface 16 of the stepped portion 1B is referred to as the “rising side surface 11”, and the other side surface 14 is referred to as the exposed side surface 14. And Further, among the side surfaces 15 and 18 of the step portion 1B (see FIG. 1D), the side surface 15 butted against the other step portion 1B is referred to as “butting side surface 15”, and the other side surface 18 is referred to as “exposed side surface”. 18 ".

  In the present embodiment, the rising side surface 11 of the main body 1A rises vertically from the surface 16 of the step portion 1B (see FIG. 1C) and is parallel to the abutting side surface 15 of the step portion 1B. (See (b) of FIG. 1).

The step portion 1B is a portion having a smaller thickness than the main body portion 1A, and is formed by chamfering or cutting the surface 12 of the main body portion 1A. As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the surface 16 of the step portion 1B is located at a position one step below the surface 12 of the main body portion 1A, but the back surface 17 of the step portion 1B is the back surface of the main body portion 1A. 13 and the same level. Further, the abutting side surface 15 of the step portion 1B is perpendicular to the surface 16 of the step portion 1B. The depth dimension of the stepped portion 1B (the distance from the rising side surface 11 of the main body portion 1A to the abutting side surface 15 of the stepped portion 1B) is a shoulder portion B1 of the main rotating tool B (see FIG. 2B) described later. is larger than the radius _{(= Y} 1/2). There is no particular limitation on the size of the thickness t _B of the stepped portion 1B, in this embodiment, is set to 2/3 of the thickness t _A of the body portion 1A.

(1) Matching process:
The abutting step is a step in which the step portions 1B and 1B of the metal members 10 and 10 are butted together to form the recess 100 between the main body portions 1A and 1A. In the abutting step, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the abutting side surface 15 of the stepped portion 1B of the other metal member 10 is brought into close contact with the abutting side surface 15 of the stepped portion 1B of one metal member 10, and one metal The surface (upper surface) 16 of the step 1B of the member 10 and the surface (upper surface) 16 of the step 1B of the other metal member 10 are flush with each other, and the back surface 17 of the step 1B of the one metal member 10 and the other The back surface 17 of the metal member 10 is flush. Note that when the stepped portions 1B and 1B are brought into contact with each other, the rising side surface 11 of one main body portion 1A and the rising side surface 11 of the other main body portion 1A are connected to the main rotating tool B (described in FIG. 2). b) than the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion B1 of reference) will be opposed to each other with a greater distance.

(2) First step joining process:
The first step portion joining step is a step of joining the abutting portions J20 of the step portions 1B and 1B from the surface 16 side. In the first step portion joining process according to the present embodiment, the abutting portion J10 between the step portions 1B and 1B and the tab member 30 shown in FIG. 1B, the abutting portion J20 of the step portions 1B and 1B, and the step portion. 1B, 1B and the step part temporary joining process of temporarily joining the abutting part J30 of the tab material 40 and the step part main joining process of joining the abutting part J20 in a temporarily joined state in earnest are included. .

  The tab members 30 and 40 are disposed so as to sandwich the abutting portion J20. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the exposed side surfaces 18 and 18 of the step portions 1B and 1B are respectively provided. It has dimensions and shapes that can be covered. The tab members 30 and 40 according to the present embodiment are abutted not only on the exposed side surfaces 18 and 18 of the stepped portions 1B and 1B but also on the exposed side surfaces 14 and 14 of the main body portions 1A and 1A. Each of the tab members 30 and 40 has the same thickness dimension as the thickness dimension of the step portion 1B (see FIG. 1D), and is flush with the front surface 16 and the back surface 17 of the step portion 1B. In such a state, it is joined to the exposed side surfaces 14 and 14 of the main body portions 1A and 1A by welding. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the material of the tab materials 30 and 40, In this embodiment, it forms with the metal material of the same composition as the metal member 10. FIG.

  Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the joining method in a step part temporary joining process and a step part main joining process, In this embodiment, the case where a friction stir welding is implemented is illustrated.

  First, referring to FIG. 2, a rotary tool A (hereinafter referred to as “temporary joining rotary tool A”) used in the step temporary joining step and a rotary tool B (hereinafter referred to as “main joining”) used in the step temporary joining step. Rotating tool B ") will be described in detail.

  A rotating tool A for temporary joining shown in FIG. 2A is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 10 such as tool steel, and projects into a shoulder portion A1 having a cylindrical shape and a lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1. And an agitating pin (probe) A2 provided. The dimensions and shape of the temporary joining rotary tool A may be set according to the material, thickness, etc. of the metal member 10, but at least smaller than the main joining rotary tool B (see FIG. 2B). To. In this way, it is possible to perform friction stir welding with a smaller load than in the case of using the main welding rotary tool B, so it is possible to reduce the load applied to the friction stirrer. Since the moving speed (feeding speed) of the rotary tool A can be made higher than the moving speed of the main rotating tool B, the working time and cost required for friction stir welding can be reduced. .

The lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1 is a part that plays a role of preventing plastic scattering by pressing the plastic fluidized metal, and is formed in a concave shape in this embodiment. There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter X ₁ of the shoulder portion A1, in the present embodiment, is smaller than the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion B1 of the joining rotation tool B.

The stirring pin A2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface A11 of the shoulder portion A1, and is formed into a tapered truncated cone shape in this embodiment. In addition, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin A2. There is no particular limitation on the size of the outer diameter of the stirring pin A2, in the present embodiment, the maximum outer diameter of the maximum outer diameter (upper diameter) X ₂ is stirring pin B2 rotary tool B for the joint (upper end diameter) Y less than _2, and the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) X ₃ is smaller than the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) Y ₃ of the stirring pin B2. The length L _A of the stirring pin A2 is also smaller than the length L _B of the stirring pin B2 of the main rotating tool B for joining.

  The main rotating tool B shown in FIG. 2B is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 10 such as tool steel, and protrudes into a shoulder B1 having a cylindrical shape and a lower end surface B11 of the shoulder B1. And an agitating pin (probe) B2 provided.

The lower end surface B11 of the shoulder B1 is formed in a concave shape like the temporary joining rotary tool A. The stirring pin B2 hangs down from the center of the lower end surface B11 of the shoulder portion B1, and in the present embodiment, is formed in a tapered truncated cone shape. Further, on the peripheral surface of the stirring pin B2, a stirring blade engraved in a spiral shape is formed. The length _{L B} of the stirring pin B2, it is desirable to set to be 1/2 or more 3/4 of the thickness _{t B} of the stepped portion 1B (in (c) refer to FIG. 1), more preferably the 1.01 ≦ 2L _B / t _B ≦ 1.10 is preferably set so as to satisfy the relationship.

In the step temporary joining step, as shown in FIG. 3, one temporary joining rotary tool A is moved so as to form a one-stroke movement trajectory (bead), and the mating parts J10, J20, J30 are moved. Friction stirring is performed continuously. That is, the stirring pin A2 (see FIG. 2A) of the temporary joining rotary tool A inserted at the friction stirring start position _SP is moved to the end position E _P without being removed halfway.

In the step main joining process, the main welding rotating tool B shown in FIG. 2B is used, and friction stir from the surface (upper surface) 16 side of the stepped portion 1B to the butt joint J20 in the temporarily joined state. I do. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and (b), the stirring pin B2 of the welding rotary tool B inserted (press-fitted) to the start position S _M, the stirring pin B2, inserted in the middle It is moved to the end position E _M without disengaging.

  When the rotating tool B for main joining is moved, the metal around the stirring pin B2 is plastically fluidized at the same time, and the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again and plasticized at a position away from the stirring pin B2. Although the region W1 is formed, if it is desired to reduce the bonding defects that may be included in the plasticized region W1, friction stir is performed on the plasticized region W1 as necessary. .

  When the step temporary joining step and the step main joining step are completed, burrs generated by friction stirring are removed, and the surface 16 (bottom surface of the recess 100) of the step portion 1B is chamfered and smoothed.

(3) Joint member placement process:
In the joint member arranging step, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the joint member 20 is inserted into the recess 100, the joint member 20 is abutted against both the main body portions 1A, 1A, and the joint member 20 is In this step, a pair of tab members 1 and 2 are disposed so as to be sandwiched, and the tab members 1 and 2 are abutted against the joint member 20.

  In the following description, of the side surfaces 21 and 22 of the joint member 20, the side surface 21 that faces the side surface of the recess 100 (that is, the rising side surface 11 of the main body 1 </ b> A) is referred to as a “butting side surface 21”. The side surface 22 is referred to as an “exposed side surface 22”. When the tab members 1 and 2 are distinguished, the tab member 1 is referred to as “first tab member 1” and the tab member 2 is referred to as “second tab member 2”.

  The joint member 20 is placed on the bottom surface of the recess 100 (that is, the surface 16 of the step portion 1B). The joint member 20 according to the present embodiment is formed of a plate-like member having a planar shape substantially the same as the concave portion 100 (in this embodiment, a rectangle). When the joint member 20 is inserted into the concave portion 100, the abutting side surface 21 is the main body portion 1A. (See FIGS. 6A and 6B), the exposed side surface 22 is the exposed side surface 14 of the main body 1A and the exposed side surface 18 of the stepped portion 1B (see FIG. 1A). And become the same. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the magnitude | size of the thickness of the joint member 20, In this embodiment, when the joint member 20 is inserted into the recessed part 100 when the depth of the recessed part 100 is set, the surface (upper surface) of the joint member 20 is set. ) 23 and the surface (upper surface) 12 of the main body 1A are flush with each other (see FIG. 6B). In addition, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the material of the joint member 20, in this embodiment, it forms with the metal material of the same composition as the metal member 10. FIG.

  The tab members 1 and 2 have dimensions and shapes that can cover the joints (boundary lines) between the main body portions 1A and 1A appearing on the exposed side surface 22 side of the joint member 20 and the joint member 20, respectively. The tab members 1 and 2 according to the present embodiment are abutted not only on the exposed side surface 22 of the joint member 20 but also on the exposed side surfaces 14 and 14 of the main body portions 1A and 1A.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, the tab members 1 and 2 are installed so as to be flush with the surface 12 of the main body 1A and the surface 23 of the joint member 20, respectively. In the present embodiment, the first tab member 1 is placed on the surface (upper surface) of the tab member 30 used when joining the step portions 1B and 1B, and the main body portions 1A and 1A are exposed by welding. It is joined to the side surfaces 14 and 14. Similarly, the second tab member 2 is placed on the surface (upper surface) of the tab member 40 used when joining the step portions 1B and 1B, and the exposed side surfaces 14 and 14 of the main body portions 1A and 1A are welded. To be joined.

(4) Joint temporary joining process:
In the joint temporary joining step, as shown in FIG. 7, using the temporary joining rotary tool A, the abutting portion J1 (fourth intersection c4 to first intersection c1) between the first tab member 1 and the joint member 20, one Abutting portion J2 (first intersection point c1 to second intersection point c2) of the main body portion 1A of the metal member 10 and the joint member 20, and abutting portion J3 (second intersection point c2 to second portion) of the second tab member 2 and the coupling member 20; This is a step of performing frictional stirring on the three intersections c3) and the abutting portion J4 (the third intersection c3 to the fourth intersection c4) between the main body 1A of the other metal member 10 and the joint member 20.

In the joint temporary joining step, the friction stirring start position S ₁ and the end position E ₁ are provided in the first tab member 1, and the end position E without removing the temporary joining rotary tool A inserted in the start position S ₁ in the middle. Move relative to ₁ . That is, in the joint temporary joining process, one temporary joining rotary tool A is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing movement trajectory (bead), and friction stir is continuously performed on the abutting portions J1 to J4.

The procedure of friction stirring in the joint temporary joining process will be described in more detail.
First, it positions the rotating tool A for temporary bonding directly on the start position S ₁ provided in place of the first tab member 1, followed by the rotating tool A for temporary joining is lowered while the right rotating stirring pin A2 ( pressed in FIG. 2 (a) see) the start position _{S 1.} The rotational speed of the rotary tool A for temporary joining is set according to the size and shape of the agitating pin A2, the material and thickness of the metal member 10 to be frictionally agitated, etc. It is set within the range of 2000 (rpm).

  When the stirring pin A2 contacts the surface of the first tab member 1, the metal around the stirring pin A2 is plastically fluidized by frictional heat, and the stirring pin A2 is inserted into the first tab member 1. When the entire stirring pin A2 enters the first tab member 1, and the entire lower end surface A11 (see FIG. 2A) of the shoulder portion A1 contacts the surface of the first tab member 1, the rotation for temporary joining is performed. While rotating the tool A, the tool A is relatively moved toward the temporary joining starting point p1 provided at the center of the abutting portion J1 (intermediate between the first intersection c1 and the fourth intersection c4).

  The moving speed (feeding speed) of the temporary bonding rotary tool A is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin A2, the material and thickness of the metal member 10 and the like which are frictionally stirred, In this case, it is set within a range of 100 to 1000 (mm / min). When the temporary joining rotary tool A is moved, the axis of the shoulder part A1 may be slightly inclined to the rear side in the traveling direction with respect to the vertical line. The direction of the joining rotary tool A can be easily changed, and complicated movement is possible. When the rotary tool A for temporary joining is moved, the metal around the stirring pin A2 is sequentially plastically fluidized, and the metal that has been plastically fluidized is hardened again at a position away from the stirring pin A2.

  When the frictional stirring is continuously performed up to the temporary joining starting point p1 by relatively moving the temporary joining rotating tool A, the temporary joining rotating tool A is not detached from the temporary joining starting point p1 and is directly one end of the abutting portion J1. Relative movement is performed toward one intersection c1, and friction stirring is performed on a part of the abutting portion J1. That is, the friction stir route is set on the joint (boundary line) between the first tab member 1 and the joint member 20, and the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved along the route, whereby the abutting portion J1 is moved. And friction stir.

  In addition, when the stirring pin A2 of the rotary tool A for temporary joining enters the abutting portion J1, a force acts to separate the first tab member 1 and the joint member 20, but the first tab member 1 is welded to the main body 1A. As a result, no meshing occurs between the first tab member 1 and the metal member 10.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the first intersection c1, the first tab member 1 and the main body portion 1A of one metal member 10 are not detached from the temporary joining rotary tool A at the first intersection c1. Relative movement is made toward the first intermediate point m1 provided at the abutting portion J5, and friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J5. That is, when the friction stir is continuously performed up to the first intersection c1 that is one end of the abutting portion J1, the joint (boundary) between the first tab member 1 and the main body portion 1A is not finished at the first intersection c1. Friction stirring is also performed on the abutting portion J5 by relatively moving the temporary joining rotary tool A along the friction stirring route provided on the line). Since the first intersection c1 is located in the middle of the linear friction stir route (temporary joining starting point p1 to first intermediate point m1), the first joining point c1 of the temporary joining rotary tool A is before and after the first intersection c1. There is no need to slow down the movement speed.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the first intermediate point m1, the temporary joining rotary tool A is allowed to enter the first tab member 1 as it is without being detached at the first intermediate point m1. Is relatively moved to the first intersection point c1 which is also one end of the abutting portion J2. That is, the friction stir route for returning the temporary joining rotary tool A from the first intermediate point m1 to the first intersection c1 is set in the first tab member 1. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joint defect in the metal member 10 or the joint member 20 when returning the temporary tool A for temporary joining to the 1st intersection c1 from the 1st intermediate point m1, a high quality joined body is produced. Can be obtained.

The friction stir route (movement trajectory) provided along the abutting portions J1 and J5 and the friction stir route (movement trajectory) provided on the first tab 1 between the portions along the abutting portions J1 and J5. It is desirable that the separation distance d ₁ is ensured to be equal to or larger than the outer diameter X ₁ (see FIG. 2A) of the shoulder portion A1 of the temporary joining rotary tool A. If it does in this way, even if a joint defect generate | occur | produces in the metal member 10 side of the rotary tool A for temporary joining when returning the temporary tool for temporary joining A to the 1st intersection c1 from the 1st intermediate point m1, the said joint defect Since it becomes difficult to reach the metal member 10 and the joint member 20, it is possible to obtain a high-quality joined body.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is returned to the first intersection c1, the temporary joining rotary tool A is plunged directly into the abutting portion J2 at the first intersecting point c1, and friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J2. The relative movement is made to the second intersection point c2, which is the other end of the abutting portion J2. That is, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is returned to the first intersection c1, a friction stir route is set on the joint (boundary line) between the main body 1A of one metal member 10 and the joint member 20, and along the route. Thus, the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to perform frictional stirring on the abutting portion J2. It is not necessary to reduce the moving speed of the temporary joining rotary tool A before and after the first intersection c1.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the second intersection point c2, the temporary joining rotational tool A is not moved away from the second intersection point c2 and is plunged into the second tab member 2 as it is. The second tab member 2 is relatively moved to the second intermediate point m2 provided at the abutting portion J6 between the main body portion 1A of the one metal member 10 while performing frictional stirring. That is, the friction stir route from the second intersection c2 to the second intermediate point m2 is set in the second tab member 2.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the second intermediate point m2, the temporary joining rotary tool A is not detached at the second intermediate point m2 and is directed toward the second intersection c2 which is also one end of the abutting portion J3. Relative movement is performed, and friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J6. In other words, the rotary tool A for temporary joining is relatively moved along the friction stir route provided on the joint (boundary line) between the second tab member 2 and the main body 1A, so that friction is applied to the abutting portion J6. Stir.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the second intersection c2, the temporary joining rotary tool A is not detached at the second intersection c2 and is moved toward the third intersection c3 which is the other end of the abutting portion J3. The friction stir is performed on the abutting portion J3. That is, when the friction stir is continuously performed up to the second intersection c2, the friction provided on the joint (boundary line) between the second tab member 2 and the main body 1A is not finished at the second intersection c2. Friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J3 by relatively moving the temporary joining rotary tool A along the stirring route. Since the second intersection point c2 is located in the middle of the linear friction stirring route (second intermediate point m2 to third intermediate point m3), the temporary joining rotary tool A before and after the second intersection point c2. There is no need to slow down the movement speed.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the third intersection c3, the second tab member 2 and the main body portion 1A of the other metal member 10 are not detached from the temporary joining rotary tool A at the third intersection c3. Relative movement is made toward the third intermediate point m3 provided at the abutting portion J7, and friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J7. That is, if the friction stir is continuously performed up to the third intersection c3 which is the other end of the abutting portion J3, the joint between the second tab member 2 and the main body 1A (without terminating the friction agitation at the third intersection c3) ( Friction stirring is also performed on the abutting portion J7 by relatively moving the temporary welding rotary tool A along the friction stirring route provided on the boundary line. Since the third intersection point c3 is located in the middle of the linear friction stirring route (second intermediate point m2 to third intermediate point m3), the temporary joining rotary tool A before and after the third intersection point c3. There is no need to slow down the movement speed.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the third intermediate point m3, the temporary joining rotary tool A is allowed to enter the second tab member 2 at the third intermediate point m3 without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool A. Is relatively moved to the third intersection point c3 which is also one end of the abutting portion J4. That is, the friction stir route for returning the temporary joining rotary tool A from the third intermediate point m3 to the third intersection c3 is set in the second tab member 2.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is returned to the third intersection point c3, the temporary joining rotary tool A is allowed to enter the abutting portion J4 at the third intersection point c3 without detachment, and friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J4. The relative movement is made to the fourth intersection c4 which is the other end of the abutting portion J4. That is, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is returned to the third intersection c3, a friction stirring route is set on the joint (boundary line) between the main body portion 1A of the other metal member 10 and the joint member 20, and along the route. Thus, the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to perform frictional stirring on the abutting portion J4. It is not necessary to reduce the moving speed of the temporary joining rotary tool A before and after the third intersection c3.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the fourth intersection c4, the temporary joining rotary tool A is plunged into the first tab member 1 at the fourth intersection c4 without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool A. The first tab member 1 is relatively moved to a fourth intermediate point m4 provided at the abutting portion J8 between the first tab member 1 and the main body 1A of the other metal member 10 while performing frictional stirring. That is, the friction stir route from the fourth intersection point c4 to the fourth intermediate point m4 is set in the first tab member 1.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the fourth intermediate point m4, the temporary joining rotary tool A is not detached at the fourth intermediate point m4 and is directed to the fourth intersection c4 which is also the other end of the abutting portion J4. The friction stir is performed on the abutting portion J8. In other words, the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved along the friction stir route provided on the joint (boundary line) between the first tab member 1 and the main body 1A, so that friction is applied to the abutting portion J8. Stir.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved from the fourth intermediate point m4 to the fourth intersection c4, the temporary joining is provided in the middle of the abutting portion J1 as it is without detaching the temporary joining rotary tool A at the fourth intersection c4. Relative movement is performed toward the end point p2, and friction agitation is performed on the abutting portion J1. That is, when the friction stir is continuously performed up to the fourth intersection point c4 which is the other end of the abutting portion J1, the joint between the second tab member 2 and the main body 1A (without terminating the friction stirring at the fourth intersection point c4) ( Friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J1 by relatively moving the temporary joining rotary tool A along the friction stirring route provided on the boundary line. The fourth intersection c4 is located in the middle of the linear friction stir route (fourth intermediate point m4 to provisional joining end point p2), so that the temporary joining rotary tool A before and after the fourth intersection c4. There is no need to slow down the movement speed.

When the temporary joining rotary tool A is relatively moved to the temporary joining end point p2, the temporary joining end tool p2 is plunged into the first tab material 1 as it is without detaching the temporary joining end tool p2. while performing friction stir moved relative to the end position E ₁ of the friction stir Te. In the present embodiment, the temporary bonding end point p2 is provided at the same position as the temporary bonding start point p1, but the temporary bonding start point p1 and the temporary bonding end point p2 may be separated from each other. When the temporary joining start point p1 and the temporary joining end point p2 are separated from each other, the temporary joining end point p2 is provided on the first intersection c1 side from the temporary joining start point p1, and the temporary joining end point p2 is temporarily moved from the fourth intersection c4 to the temporary joining end point p2. Although it is desirable to perform frictional stirring again on the plasticized region (bead) formed on the first intersection c1 side from the joining start point p1, the temporary joining end point p2 is closer to the fourth intersection c4 side than the temporary joining start point p1. It is possible to leave an unjoined part between the provisional joining start point p1 and the provisional joining end point p2.

Once the temporary joining rotation tool A reaches the end position E _1, disengaging the rotating tool A for temporary joining is raised while rotating stirring pin A2 (see FIG. 2 (a)) from the end position E _1.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the right, there is a possibility that a fine joining defect may occur on the left side in the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. Therefore, the tab members 1 and 2 and the joint member 20 When the friction stir is performed along the abutting portions J1 and J3 and the abutting portions J5 to J8 between the tab members 1 and 2 and the main body portion 1A, the tab material 1 is placed on the left side in the advancing direction of the rotary tool A for temporary joining. , 2 are preferably set so that the friction stir route is set. That is, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the right, the friction from the temporary joining start point p1 to the temporary joining end point p2 so that the temporary joining rotary tool moves clockwise along the outer edge of the joint member 20. It is desirable to set a stirring route. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joint defect on the joint member 20 side, it becomes possible to obtain a high quality joined body.

  Incidentally, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, there is a possibility that a fine joining defect may occur on the right side in the advancing direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. Therefore, the tab members 1 and 2 and the joint member 20 When the friction stir is performed along the abutting portions J1 and J3 and the abutting portions J5 to J8 between the tab members 1 and 2 and the main body portion 1A, the tab material 1 is placed on the right side in the advancing direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A. , 2 are preferably set so that the friction stir route is set. In other words, when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, the temporary joining rotary tool A is moved counterclockwise along the outer edge (outer periphery) of the joint member 20 from the temporary joining starting point p1 to the temporary joining end point p2. It is desirable to set a route of friction stirring that leads to.

(5) Joint final joining process:
The joint main joining step is a step of performing frictional stirring on the abutting portions J2 and J4 by using the main joining rotating tool B larger than the temporary joining rotating tool A.

Fitting in this bonding process, as shown in FIG. 8, it provided the starting position S ₂ and the end position E ₂ of the friction stir in the first tab member 1, in the middle of the inserted main bonding rotating tool B to start position S ₂ relatively moving to the end position E ₂ without disengaging. That is, in the joint main joining step, one main joining rotary tool B is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing movement trajectory (bead), and friction stir is continuously performed on the abutting portions J2 and J4.

The joint main joining process will be described in more detail. Fitting in this bonding step, first, to position the main bonding rotating tool B immediately above the lower hole (not shown) formed at the start position S _2, followed by is lowered while the present joining rotation tool B is rotated clockwise The tip of the stirring pin B2 (see FIG. 2B) is inserted into a pilot hole (not shown). The rotational speed of the main rotating tool B is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin B2, the material of the metal member 10 to be frictionally stirred, the wall thickness, and the like. It is set within the range of (rpm).

  When the entire stirring pin B2 enters the first tab member 1 and the entire lower end surface B11 of the shoulder B1 (see FIG. 2B) contacts the surface of the first tab member 1, friction stirring is performed. Then, the main rotating tool B is relatively moved toward one end (first intersection c1) of the abutting portion J2, and further entered into the abutting portion J2. When the rotating tool B for main joining is moved, the metal around the stirring pin B2 is plastically fluidized at the same time, and the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again and plasticized at a position away from the stirring pin B2. Region W2 is formed.

  The moving speed (feeding speed) of the rotating tool B for welding is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin B2, the material and thickness of the metal member 10 etc. subjected to friction stirring, In this case, it is set within a range of 30 to 300 (mm / min). In addition, when the rotary tool B for main joining is moved, the axis of the shoulder B1 (see FIG. 2B) may be slightly inclined to the rear side in the traveling direction with respect to the vertical line. When it is made vertical without being inclined, it is easy to change the direction of the rotary tool B for welding, and a complicated movement is possible.

  When there is a possibility that the amount of heat input to the metal member 10 and the joint member 20 may become excessive, it is desirable to cool by supplying water around the main rotating tool B for bonding. In addition, when cooling water enters into the abutting portion J2 and the like, an oxide film may be generated on the joint surface. However, in the present embodiment, the joint temporary joining step is performed to connect the metal member 10 (main body portion 1A) and the joint. Since the joint of the member 20 is closed, it is difficult for cooling water to enter the abutting portion J2 and the like, and therefore there is no possibility of deteriorating the quality of the joint portion.

  When the main welding rotary tool B is inserted into the abutting portion J2, a friction stir route is set on the joint between the main body 1A and the joint member 20, and the main welding rotary tool B is relatively moved along the route. Then, friction stir is continuously performed from one end (first intersection c1) to the other end (second intersection c2) of the abutting portion J2.

  When the main welding rotary tool B is relatively moved to the other end (second intersection c2) of the abutting portion J2, the main rotating tool B is not released but is allowed to enter the second tab member 2 as it is. 2 is relatively moved to one end (third intersection c3) of the abutting portion J4 while performing frictional stirring. That is, the friction stir route from the second intersection c2 to the third intersection c3 is set in the second tab member 2.

Of the friction stir route (movement trajectory) provided on the second tab 2, the separation distance d _{2 from the} portion along the abutting portion J3 is the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion B1 of the welding rotary tool B ( It is desirable to secure at least the above (see FIG. 2B). In this case, even when a joining defect occurs on the joint member 20 side of the main welding rotary tool B when the main welding rotary tool B is moved to one end (third intersection c3) of the abutting portion J4, Since it becomes difficult for a joint defect to reach the joint member 20, a high-quality joined body can be obtained.

  When the main welding rotary tool B is relatively moved to one end (third intersection c3) of the abutting portion J4, the main joining rotating tool B is not separated from the main joining rotary tool B at the third intersection c3, and is directly entered into the abutting portion J4. J4 is relatively moved to the fourth intersection c4 which is the other end of the abutting portion J4 while performing frictional stirring. That is, when the rotary tool B for welding is relatively moved to one end of the abutting portion J4, a route of friction stirring is set on the joint (boundary line) between the main body portion 1A of the other metal member 10 and the joint member 20, Friction stirring is performed on the abutting portion J4 by relatively moving the main rotating tool B along the route.

When the main joining rotary tool B is relatively moved to the other end (fourth intersection c4) of the abutting portion J4, the main joining rotary tool B is not released and is allowed to enter the first tab member 1 as it is, so that the first tab member 1 is moved relative to the end position E ₂ while performing frictional stirring.

When the joining rotation tool B reaches the end position E _2, the process proceeds to directly below integrated process without leaving the main bonding rotating tool B. Incidentally, no problem at the time this joining rotation tool B has reached the end position E _2, even if disengage the stirring pin B2 from the end position E _2.

(6) Integration process:
In the integration step, as shown in FIG. 9B, friction stirring is performed from the upper surface side of the joint member 20 to the region sandwiched between the main body portions 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> A, and the step portion 1 </ b> B from the upper surface of the joint member 20. , 1B to plastic fluidize at least up to the upper part. After the integration step, the stepped portions 1B and 1B and the joint member 20 are joined by friction stir welding.

In the integration step, as shown in FIG. 9A, a route of friction agitation is set for traversing the joint member 20 a plurality of times (or longitudinally) so that a plasticized region is formed in the entire joint member 20. To do. In the present embodiment, the main joining rotary tool inserted at the friction stirring start position S ₃ (in the present embodiment, the end position E ₂ of the joint main joining process) so as to form a one-stroke writing trajectory (bead). relatively moving to the end position E ₃ without disengaging prematurely B.

  The integration process will be described in more detail. In the integration step, first, the main rotating tool B is inserted into the joint member 20, and frictional stirring is performed on the upper portion of the stepped portion 1 </ b> B and the joint member 20 (see FIG. 9B), while the abutting portion. The joint member 20 is relatively moved along the J4 (see FIG. 5) to the edge of the joint member 20 on the second tab member 2 side.

Note that the friction stir route (first traverse route) when traversing the joint member 20 for the first time is the movement locus formed in the abutting portion J4 by the joint main joining step, as shown in FIG. 9B. It is desirable to set so that a part of (plasticization region W2) is friction-stirred again. In other words, distance d ₃ between the first-time cross routes and butting portion J4 is preferably smaller than the outer diameter Y ₁ of the shoulder portion B1 of the joining rotation tool B _((b), see FIG. 2) .

  When the main welding rotary tool B is relatively moved to the edge of the joint member 20 on the second tab member 2 side, the main welding rotary tool B is not detached as shown in FIG. The rotary tool B for main joining is U-turned while being plunged into the two tab material 2 and performing frictional stirring on the second tab material 2.

  Next, the rotary tool B for main joining is again plunged into the joint member 20, and friction stirring is performed on the upper portion of the stepped portion 1 </ b> B and the joint member 20 (see FIG. 9B), along the abutting portion J <b> 4. The joint member 20 is relatively moved to the edge of the first tab member 1 side, and further, the main rotating tool B for bonding is plunged into the first tab member 1 as it is without being detached. The main rotating tool B is U-turned while performing frictional stirring. Then, the crossing of the joint member 20 and the U-turn on the first tab member 1 or the second tab member 2 are repeated, and frictional stirring is performed on the entire joint member 20.

As shown in FIG. 9 (b), the friction stir route (second and subsequent crossing routes) after the U-turn of the main rotating tool B for welding is the plasticization formed before the U-turn. It is desirable to set so that a part of the region W3 is frictionally stirred again. That is, when the joint member 20 is crossed n times (n is a natural number of 2 or more) or more, the separation distance d ₃ ′ between the n-th crossing route and the (n−1) -th crossing route is set for the main joining. It is desirable to make it smaller than the outer diameter Y ₁ (see FIG. 2B) of the shoulder B1 of the rotary tool B. Further, the route of friction stirring when the joint member 20 is finally traversed is set so that a part of the movement locus (plasticization region W2) formed in the abutting portion J2 by the joint main joining process is friction-stirred again. It is desirable to do.

When the frictional stirring for the region sandwiched between the two main body portions 1A and 1A is completed, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), the main rotating tool B is connected to the first tab member 1 (in some cases, the second tab member 2). But to the end position E ₃ provided good) after having moved relative, disengaging from the first tab member 1.

  In this embodiment, the main welding rotary tool B is U-turned in the first tab member 1 or the second tab member 2, but the main welding rotary tool B is U-turned at the edge of the joint member 20. May be. That is, you may make the U-turn without making the main-rotation tool B penetrate into the 1st tab material 1 or the 2nd tab material 2. FIG.

(7) First repair process:
As shown in FIG. 10, the first repairing step is a step of performing frictional stirring on the plasticized regions W2 and W3 formed in the joint member 20 by the joint main joining step and the integration step. The main purpose is to sever the oxide film entrained when the bonding tool formed along the moving direction of the rotary tool B or the rotary tool B for main welding crosses the boundary between the first tab member 1 and the joint member 20. Yes.

In the first repair process, the repair rotary tool C inserted into the plasticized regions W2 and W3 from the upper surface side of the joint member 20 is moved in a direction along the exposed side surface 22 of the joint member 20 (see FIG. 5A). Friction stirring is performed on the plasticized regions W2 and W3 by relatively moving. In the first repair process, the friction stirring start position S ₄ and the end position E ₄ are provided in the first tab member 1, and the repair rotary tool C inserted at the start position S ₄ is not detached in the middle of the end position E. Move relative to ₄ .

  In the first repair process, friction stirring is performed using a repair rotary tool C smaller than the main joining rotary tool B. If it does in this way, it will become possible to prevent that a plasticization area | region spreads more than necessary.

The repair rotary tool C is made of a metal material harder than the metal member 10 such as tool steel, like the temporary joining rotary tool A, and as shown in FIG. , And a stirring pin (probe) projecting from the lower end surface of the shoulder portion. In addition, since the joining defect by the main rotating tool B for welding shown in FIG. 2B is often formed in the range from the upper end of the stirring pin B2 to 1/3, the stirring pin of the repair rotating tool C is used. Is preferably 1/3 or more of the length L _B (see FIG. 2B) of the stirring pin B2 of the main rotating tool B for bonding, but if it becomes larger than 1/2, Since there is a possibility that the control region may be unnecessarily widened, it is desirable to set it to ½ or less. In addition, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the magnitude | size of the maximum outer diameter (upper end diameter) and minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter) of a stirring pin, In this embodiment, respectively, the maximum outer diameter of the stirring pin B2 of this rotation tool B for welding is each. It is smaller than the diameter (upper end diameter) Y ₂ and the minimum outer diameter (bottom diameter) Y _3.

The procedure of friction stirring in the first repair process will be described in more detail.
First, as shown in (a) of FIG. 10, to position the repairing rotating tool C immediately above the start position S ₄ provided on the first tab member 1, followed by being rotated clockwise the repairing rotating tool C It is lowered to press the stirring pin in the starting position S ₄ in. When inserting the repairing rotating tool C, and is likely to involve an oxide film on the metal surface, if provided the starting position S ₄ of the friction stir in the first tab member 1, Ya metal member 10 serving as a final product It becomes difficult for the oxide film to be mixed into the joint member 20. The rotational speed of the repair rotary tool C is set according to the size and shape of the stirring pin, the material and thickness of the metal member 10 to be frictionally stirred, etc. It is set within the range of 2000 (rpm).

After inserting the repairing rotating tool C to start position S _4, it is moved relative to the repair origin q1 provided on one of the main body 1A while performing friction stir for the first tab member 1. When the friction stir is continuously performed up to the repair start point q1, the repair rotary tool C is not detached at the repair start point q1 and is moved relative to the repair end point q2 provided on the other main body 1A.

Further, the friction stir route from the repair start point q1 to the repair end point q2 is provided in the joint member 20 (more specifically, the place where the joint member 20 was present), and the repair rotary tool in the direction along the exposed side surface 22 When relatively moving C, the shoulder portion of the repair rotary tool C may be separated from the exposed side surface 22. In other words, the distance d ₄ between the root and the butting portion J1 of the friction stir ranging from repairing origin q1 to repair end point q2, may be ensured more than half of the outer diameter of the shoulder portion of the repairing rotating tool C. In this way, the oxide film formed on the exposed side surface 22 of the joint member 20 (see FIG. 10B) is less likely to be caught on the joint member 20 side, so that the quality of the joint can be improved. It becomes. In order to present joining rotation tool B is engulfed in traversing the first tab member 1 and the joint member 20 to divide the oxide film made reliable is the distance d _4, repairing rotating tool C The outer diameter of the shoulder portion is preferably equal to or smaller than 3/4, more preferably 3/4 or smaller.

After performing friction stir continuously until repair end point q2, After repair end point q2 the repairing rotating tool C toward the first tab member 1 as it is without being disengaged by relatively moving, reaches the end position E _4, first Separate from the tab material 1. When disengaging the repairing rotating tool C, and thus the drain hole is formed, if the end position E ₄ of the friction stir provided in the first tab member 1, the metal becomes a final product member 10 and joint member It is possible to prevent a punched hole from being formed in 20.

In addition, when the repair start point q1 and the repair end point q2 are provided outside the plasticized regions W2 and W3 as in the present embodiment, friction agitation is performed over the entire exposed side surface 22. That is, the repairing rotating tool C inserted into the starting position S ₄ after moved relative to one of the main body 1A, the exposed side 22 (i.e., the joint member 20 boundary surface between the first tab member 1) along the moved relative to the other body portion 1A, subsequently, when the relative movement to the end position E _4, it is possible to close with a much higher reliability of bonding defects such as open to expose the side surface 22.

Further, when the repair rotary tool C is rotated to the right as in the present embodiment, there is a possibility that a fine bonding defect may occur on the left side in the traveling direction of the repair rotary tool C. The friction stir route (ie, start position S ₄ , repair start point q 1, repair end point q 2, so that the first tab member 1 is positioned on the left side of the traveling direction when the rotational tool C for repair is relatively moved in the direction along The end position E ₄ ) may be set. If it does in this way, since it becomes difficult to generate | occur | produce a joint defect in the joint member 20 side used as a final product, it becomes possible to further improve the quality of a junction part.

  Incidentally, if the repair rotary tool C is rotated counterclockwise, there is a possibility that a fine joint defect may occur on the right side of the traveling direction of the repair rotary tool C. The route of friction stirring may be set so that the first tab member 1 is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction when C is relatively moved.

(8) Second repair process:
The second repairing step is a step of performing frictional stirring on the plasticized regions W2 and W3 formed in the joint member 20 by the joint main joining step and the integration step, as in the first repairing step. When a bonding defect formed along the moving direction of the main welding rotary tool B or the main welding rotary tool B (see FIG. 2B) crosses the boundary between the second tab member 2 and the joint member 20. The main purpose is to break up the oxide film. Of course, the second repair process may be performed prior to the first repair process.

In the second repair step, the repair rotary tool C inserted into the plasticizing regions W2 and W3 from the upper surface side of the joint member 20 is moved along the exposed side surface 22 of the joint member 20 (see FIG. 10B). Friction stirring is performed on the plasticized regions W2 and W3 by relatively moving. In a second repairing process, it provided the start position S ₅ and the end position E ₅ of a friction stir Second tab member 2, the start position S ₅ in the inserted end position E without disengaging prematurely repairing rotating tool C Move relative to ₅ .

  When the second repair process is completed, burrs generated by friction stir in the joint main joining process, the integration process, the first repair process, and the second repair process are removed.

(9) Second step joining step:
A 2nd step part joining process is a process of joining the butt | matching part J20 of step part 1B, 1B from the back surface 17 side. When joining the back surface 17 side of the stepped portions 1B and 1B, as shown in FIG. 11, the metal members 10 and 10 are turned over, the back surface 17 is turned up, and the main rotating tool B is used. Then, friction agitation is performed from the back surface 17 side of the metal member 10 to the abutting portion J20. When the friction stir is performed on the abutting portion J20 in the second step joining step, the stirring pin B2 of the main rotating tool B is inserted into the plasticizing region W1 formed in the first step joining step. Friction stirring is performed. In this case, since the deep portion of the plasticized region W1 is frictionally stirred again by the stirring pin B2, even if the bonding defect is continuously formed in the deep portion of the plasticized region W1, the bonding defect Can be made discontinuous, and as a result, airtightness and watertightness at the joint can be improved.

  When it is desired to reduce the bonding defects that may be included in the plasticized region W4 formed in the stepped portion 1B by the second stepped portion joining step, the friction with respect to the plasticized region W4 is performed as necessary. Stir.

  When the second step joining step is completed, burrs generated by friction stirring are removed, and the tab members 1, 2, 30, and 40 are cut off.

  In addition, you may perform a 2nd step part joining process before an above-described joint member arrangement | positioning process. In this case, when the second step joining process is completed, the metal members 10 and 10 are turned over again, and thereafter, each process after the joint member arranging process is performed.

  Even when the extremely thick metal members 10 and 10 having a thickness exceeding 40 (mm) are joined through the steps (1) to (9) as described above, the airtightness at the joined portion is obtained. And water tightness can be improved.

According to the joining method according to the first embodiment described above, in the joint temporary joining step described with reference to FIG. 7, the abutting portions J1 and J3 of the tab members 1 and 2 and the joint member 20 and the joint member 20 and continuously performs friction stir against butting portion J2, J4 between the main body 1A, since not to connect or disconnect the temporary joining rotation tool B except starting position S ₁ and the end position E _1, tentatively The insertion operation and the disengagement operation of the joining rotary tool A are each performed once. As a result, it is possible to improve the efficiency and speed of the preliminary friction stir welding.

In the present embodiment, the provisional joining start point p1 is exemplified in the central part of the abutting portion J1 (intermediate between the first intersection point c1 and the fourth intersection point c4) in the joint provisional joining step. It is not intended to limit the position of. For example, if the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated clockwise as in the joint temporary joining step shown in FIG. 12A, the temporary joining starting point p1 is provided at the first intersection c1 and the temporary joining end point p2 is provided. Are provided at the first intermediate point m1, the start position S ₁ , the first intersection point c1 (temporary joining starting point p1), the second intersection point c2, ..., the fourth intersection point c4, the first intersection point c1, the first intermediate point m1 (temporary joining point) end point p2), may be carried out friction stir in the order of the end position E _1, as joint temporary bonding step shown in FIG. 12 (b), provisionally provided with a temporary bonding origin p1 fourth midpoint m4 The junction end point p2 is provided at the fourth intersection c4, the start position S ₁ , the fourth intermediate point m4 (temporary junction start point p1), the fourth intersection c4, the first intersection c1,..., The third intersection c3, the fourth intersection c4 ( temporarily joined end point p2), it may be carried out friction stir in the order of the end position E _1.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the case where friction stirring was continuously performed also with respect to the abutting part J5-J8 of the tab materials 1 and 2 and the main-body part 1A in the joint temporary joining process was illustrated, the abutting part J5-J8. Friction agitation may be omitted. In this case, the advancing direction of the temporary joining rotary tool A may be changed at each of the intersections c1 to c4, and the friction stirring may be continuously performed along the outer edge of the joint member 20.

  Further, according to the joining method according to the first embodiment, after the joint member 20 and the stepped portion 1B are integrated by the joint main joining process and the integration process, the first repair process and the second repair process are performed. Since the process is performed, even if a bonding defect that opens to the exposed side surface 22 is formed in the plasticized region formed by the joint main bonding process or the integration process, the bonding defect is highly reliable. It becomes possible to occlude with sex. That is, according to the bonding method according to the present embodiment, it is difficult to form a bonding defect that reduces the aesthetics, airtightness, and watertightness of the bonded portion. Moreover, although there exists a possibility that the oxide film formed in the exposed side surface 22 of the joint member 20 may be caught in the plasticization area | region formed by the joint main joining process and the integration process, according to this invention, Such an oxide film can also be divided by friction agitation in the first repair process and the second repair process, so that a bonding defect is less likely to occur.

[Second embodiment]
In the first embodiment described above, the case where the metal members 10 and 10 are joined in a straight line is illustrated, but the method described above is also applied when the metal members 10 and 10 are joined together in an L shape or a T shape. can do. In addition, below, the case where the metal members 10 and 10 are joined in L shape is illustrated.

  The joining method according to the second embodiment is a joining method in which the metal members 10 and 10 shown in FIG. 13 are joined in an L shape, and includes (1) a butt process, (2) a first step part joining process, (3) Joint member placement step, (4) Joint temporary joining step, (5) Joint main joining step, (6) Integration step, (7) First repair step, (8) Second repair step, ( 9) Includes a second step joining step. In addition, in this embodiment, the case where each process of (2)-(8) is performed from the one surface side of the metal member 10 is illustrated.

(1) Matching process:
As shown in FIG. 13A, the abutting step is a step in which the step portions 1B and 1B of the metal members 10 and 10 are abutted with each other to form a recess 100 between the main body portions 1A and 1A. In this embodiment, the metal members 10 and 10 to be joined are arranged in an L shape, and the other metal member is placed on the abutting side surface 15 of the step portion 1B of one metal member 10 as shown in FIG. The abutting side surfaces 15 of the ten step portions 1B are brought into close contact with each other.

(2) First step joining process:
A 1st step part joining process is a process of joining the butt | matching part J20 of step part 1B, 1B. In the present embodiment, the stepped portion J10 between the stepped portions 1B, 1B and the tab member 30, the stepped portion J20 of the stepped portions 1B, 1B and the stepped portion J30 between the stepped portions 1B, 1B and the tab member 40 are temporarily joined. A temporary joining step, and a step main joining step for fully joining the butt joint J20 in a temporarily joined state.

  The tab members 30 and 40 are arranged so as to sandwich the butted portions J20 of the step portions 1B and 1B, and have dimensions and shapes that can cover the exposed side surfaces 18 and 18 of the step portions 1B and 1B, respectively. I have. The tab members 30 and 40 according to the present embodiment are abutted not only on the exposed side surfaces 18 and 18 of the stepped portions 1B and 1B but also on the exposed side surfaces 14 and 14 of the main body portions 1A and 1A. Note that the tab member 40 is disposed at the corners formed by the metal members 10 and 10 (corners formed by the inner side surfaces of the metal members 10 and 10).

In the step temporary joining step, as shown in FIG. 14, one temporary joining rotary tool A is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing trajectory (bead), and with respect to the abutting portions J10, J20, and J30. Friction stirring is performed continuously. That is moved to the end position E _P without disengaging the stirring pin start position S _P to the inserted rotating temporary welding tool A friction stir halfway.

In the step main joining step, as shown in FIG. 15, the rotary tool B for main joining is used, and friction agitation is performed from the surface 16 side of the stepped portion 1 </ b> B to the butt joint J <b> 20 in the temporarily joined state. Specifically, by inserting the stirring pin B2 start position S _M to the rotary main bonding tool B (press-fit) is moved to the end position E _M without disengaging the stirring pin B2, inserted in the middle. In addition, when it is desired to reduce joint defects that may be included in the plasticized region W1 formed in the stepped main joining process, friction stir is performed on the plasticized region W1 as necessary.

  When the stepped temporary joining step and the stepped main joining step are completed, burrs generated by friction stirring are removed, and the surface 16 of the stepped portion 1B is chamfered and smoothed.

(3) Joint member placement process:
In the joint member arranging step, as shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, the joint member 20 is inserted into the recess 100, the side surface 21 of the joint member 20 is butted against both the main body portions 1A and 1A, In this step, a pair of tab members 1 and 2 are arranged so as to sandwich the member 20, and the tab members 1 and 2 are abutted against the joint member 20.

  The joint member 20 is composed of a plate-like member having substantially the same planar shape as the concave portion 100, and when the joint member 20 is inserted into the concave portion 100, the abutting side surface 21 is the side surface of the concave portion 100 (that is, the main body portion 1 </ b> A is raised) The exposed side surface 22 is flush with the exposed side surface 14 of the main body 1A and the exposed side surface 18 of the stepped portion 1B (see FIG. 13). Further, the thickness of the joint member 20 is set to be the same as the depth of the recess 100, and the surface 23 of the joint member 20 and the surface 12 of the main body 1A are flush with each other.

  The tab members 1 and 2 have dimensions and shapes that can cover the joints (boundary lines) between the main body portions 1A and 1A appearing on the exposed side surface 22 side of the joint member 20 and the joint member 20, respectively. The tab members 1 and 2 according to the present embodiment are abutted not only on the exposed side surface 22 of the joint member 20 but also on the exposed side surfaces 14 and 14 of the main body portions 1A and 1A.

(4) Joint temporary joining process:
The joint provisional bonding step, as shown in FIG. 17, provided the starting position S ₁ and the end position E ₁ of the friction stir in the first tab member 1, the temporary joining rotation tool A inserted at the start position S ₁ on the way relatively moving to the end position E ₁ without disengaging. That is, in the joint temporary joining process, one temporary joining rotary tool A is moved so as to form a one-stroke writing movement trajectory (bead), and friction stir is continuously performed on the abutting portions J1 to J4.

The joint temporary joining process when the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated to the right will be described in more detail. When the start position S ₁ in inserting the rotating tool A for temporary bonding, toward the temporary bonding origin p1 provided on the (intermediate the first intersection point c1 and the fourth intersection point c4) the central portion of the butting portion J1 while performing friction stir Move relative.

  When frictional stirring is continuously performed up to the temporary joining starting point p1, the temporary joining starting tool p1 is moved relative to the first intersection c1 that is one end of the abutting portion J1 without detaching the temporary joining rotating tool A, and the abutting is performed. Friction stirring is performed on a part of the part J1.

  When the friction stir is continuously performed up to the first intersection c1, the temporary joining rotary tool A is not separated from the first intersection c1 and is directly entered into the abutting portion J2, and the abutting is performed while the friction agitating is performed on the abutting portion J2. The relative movement is made to the second intersection c2, which is the other end of the part J2. In addition, in this embodiment, since the planar shape of the abutting part J2 is exhibiting L shape, the direction of the rotary tool A for temporary joining is changed in the refraction point b1 in the middle of the abutting part J2.

  When the friction stir is continuously performed up to the second intersection c2, which is also one end of the abutting portion J3, the temporary joining rotary tool A is not detached at the second intersection c2 and is directly plunged into the abutting portion J3. Then, the frictional stirring is performed and the relative movement is made to the third intersection point c3 which is the other end of the abutting portion J3. In addition, in this embodiment, since the planar shape of the abutting part J3 is exhibiting L shape, the direction of the rotary tool A for temporary joining is changed in the refraction point b2 in the middle of the abutting part J3.

  When the friction stir is continuously performed up to the third intersection c3 that is also one end of the abutting portion J4, the temporary joining rotary tool A is not separated from the temporary intersection J3 at the third intersection c3. Then, the frictional stirring is performed and the relative movement is made to the fourth intersection point c4 which is the other end of the abutting portion J4.

  When the friction stir is continuously performed up to the fourth intersection c4, the temporary joining rotary tool A is not released at the fourth intersection c4, but is directly entered into the abutting portion J1, and the abutting is performed while friction agitating the abutting portion J1. Relative movement is made toward the temporary joining end point p2 provided in the middle of the part J1.

When the frictional stirring is continuously performed up to the temporary joining end point p2, the temporary joining end tool p2 is plunged into the first tab material 1 as it is without being detached, and the first tab material 1 is frictionally stirred. the end position E ₁ of the friction stir while performing relatively moving.

Once the temporary joining rotation tool A reaches the end position E _1, disengaging the stirring pin from the end position E ₁ is raised while rotating the rotating tool A for temporary joining.

  When the temporary joining rotary tool A is rotated counterclockwise, the friction stirring route may be reversed from that described above. That is, the friction stir may be performed in the order of the temporary joining starting point p1, the fourth intersection c4, the third intersection c3, the second intersection c2, the first intersection c1, and the temporary joining end point p2.

(5) Joint final joining process:
Fitting in the bonding step, as shown in FIG. 18, it provided the starting position S ₂ and the end position E ₂ of the friction stir in the first tab member 1, in the middle of the inserted main bonding rotating tool B to start position S ₂ relatively moving to the end position E ₂ without disengaging.

  In the joint main joining step, first, a friction stir route is set on the joint between the main body 1A and the joint member 20, and the main welding rotary tool B is relatively moved along the route, whereby one end of the abutting portion J2. Friction stirring is continuously performed from (first intersection c1) to the other end (second intersection c2).

  When the friction stir is continuously performed up to the other end (second intersection c2) of the abutting portion J2, the main rotary tool B for welding is plunged into the second tab member 2 as it is, and the second tab member 2 is moved. Then, the frictional stirring is performed and the relative movement is made to one end (third intersection c3) of the abutting portion J4.

  When friction stirring is continuously performed to one end (third intersection c3) of the abutting portion J4, the main joining rotary tool B is not separated from the abutting portion J4 at the third intersection c3. Then, the frictional stirring is performed and the relative movement is made to the fourth intersection point c4 which is the other end of the abutting portion J4.

When the friction stir is continuously performed up to the other end (fourth intersection c4) of the abutting portion J4, the main rotating tool B is not separated from the abutting portion J4 and is plunged into the first tab material 1 as it is. while performing friction stir moved relative to the end position E ₂ Te. When the joining rotation tool B reaches the end position E _2, the process proceeds directly to the integration step without leaving the main bonding rotating tool B.

(6) Integration process:
In the integration step, friction stirring is performed from the upper surface side of the joint member 20 to the region sandwiched between the main body portions 1A and 1A, and from the upper surface of the joint member 20 to at least the upper portion of the stepped portions 1B and 1B (see FIG. 16). Is plastically fluidized.

As shown in FIG. 19, in the integration step, a friction stir route for traversing the joint member 20 a plurality of times (or vertically) is formed so that a plasticized region is formed in the entire joint member 20 (see FIG. 16). Set. In the present embodiment, the main joining rotary tool inserted at the friction stirring start position S ₃ (in the present embodiment, the end position E ₂ of the joint main joining process) so as to form a one-stroke writing trajectory (bead). and it is relatively moved to the end position E ₃ without disengaging prematurely B.

  If the main welding rotary tool B is relatively moved to the edge of the joint member 20 (see FIG. 16) on the second tab member 2 side, the second tab member 2 is left as it is without detaching the main welding rotary tool B. The main rotating tool B is U-turned while performing frictional stirring with respect to the second tab member 2, or the main rotating tool B is directly inserted into the main body 1A to enter the main body 1A. On the other hand, the main rotating tool B is U-turned while performing frictional stirring.

When both the main body portion 1A, the friction stir is finished for the region sandwiched by 1A, in terms of the present joining rotation tool B are relatively moved to the end position E ₃ provided on the first tab member 1, the first tab member 1 To leave. Note that no problem be provided end position E ₃ on the second tab member 2.

(7) First repair process:
In the first repair process, as shown in FIG. 20, the repair rotary tool C inserted into the plasticized regions W2 and W3 from the upper surface side of the joint member 20 (see FIG. 16) is exposed to the exposed side surface 22 ( Friction stirring is performed on the plasticized regions W2 and W3 by relative movement in a direction along the direction of FIG. In a first repair step, repairing provided with repairing rotating tool C inserted into the starting position S ₄ provided on the first tab member 1, to repair a starting point q1 and the other body portion 1A provided on one of the main body 1A It is relatively moved so as to pass the end point q2, be detached at the end position E ₄ provided on the first tab member 1.

(8) Second repair process:
In the second repair step, the repair rotary tool C inserted into the plasticizing regions W2 and W3 from the upper surface side of the joint member 20 (see FIG. 16) is moved along the exposed side surface 22 (see FIG. 16) of the joint member 20. The friction stir is performed on the plasticized regions W2 and W3. In a second repairing process, it provided the start position S ₅ and the end position E ₅ of a friction stir Second tab member 2, the start position S ₅ in the inserted end position E without disengaging prematurely repairing rotating tool C Move relative to ₅ .

  When the second repair process is completed, burrs generated by friction stir in the joint main joining process, the integration process, the first repair process, and the second repair process are removed.

(9) Second step joining step:
A 2nd step part joining process is a process of joining the butt | matching part J20 of step part 1B, 1B from a back surface side. When joining the back sides of the stepped portions 1B and 1B, although not shown, the metal members 10 and 10 are turned upside down and the back side is turned up, and then the joining rotary tool B is used to join the abutting portion. Friction stirring is performed from the back side of the metal member 10 on J20.

  If it is desired to reduce joint defects that may be included in the plasticized region formed in the stepped portion 1B by the second stepped portion joining step, friction stir is applied to the plasticized region as necessary. Do.

  When the second step joining step is completed, burrs generated by friction stirring are removed, and the tab members 1, 2, 30, and 40 are cut off.

  Even when the extremely thick metal members 10 and 10 having a thickness exceeding 40 (mm) are joined through the steps (1) to (9) as described above, the airtightness at the joined portion is obtained. And water tightness can be improved.

Also in the joining method according to the second embodiment described above, in the joint temporary joining step described with reference to FIG. 17, the abutting portions J1 and J3 of the tab members 1 and 2 and the joint member 20 and the joint member 20 and continuously performs friction stir against butting portion J2, J4 between the main body 1A, since not to connect or disconnect the rotating tool a for temporary bonding other than the start position S ₁ and the end position E _1, temporarily joined The insertion operation and the separation operation of the rotary tool A are performed only once, and as a result, it is possible to improve the efficiency and speed of the preliminary friction stir welding.

  Moreover, also in the joining method according to the second embodiment, the first repair process and the second repair process are performed after the joint member 20 and the stepped portion 1B are integrated by the joint main joining process and the integration process. Therefore, even if a joint defect that opens to the exposed side surface 22 is formed in the plasticized region formed by the joint main joining process or the integration process, the joint defect is highly reliable. It becomes possible to close with. That is, according to the bonding method according to the second embodiment, it is difficult to form a bonding defect that reduces the aesthetics, airtightness, and watertightness of the bonded portion. Moreover, although there exists a possibility that the oxide film formed in the exposed side surface 22 of the joint member 20 may be caught in the plasticization area | region formed by the joint main joining process and the integration process, according to this invention, Such an oxide film can also be divided by friction agitation in the first repair process and the second repair process, so that a bonding defect is less likely to occur.

It is a figure for demonstrating the butt | matching process which concerns on 1st embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view, (c) is the II sectional view taken on the line of (b), (d ) Is a sectional view taken along line II-II in (b). (A) is a side view for demonstrating the rotation tool for temporary joining, (b) is a side view for demonstrating this rotation tool for joining. It is a top view for demonstrating the step part temporary joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing (III-III sectional drawing of FIG. 3) for demonstrating the step part main joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. (A) And (b) is a perspective view for demonstrating the joint member arrangement | positioning process which concerns on 1st embodiment. (A) is the top view of (b) of FIG. 5, (b) is the IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of (a). It is a top view for demonstrating the joint temporary joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the joint final joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the integration process which concerns on 1st embodiment. (A) is a top view for demonstrating the repair process which concerns on 1st embodiment, (b) is the VV sectional view taken on the line of (a). It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the 2nd step part joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. (A) And (b) is a top view for demonstrating the modification of the step part temporary joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the butt | matching process which concerns on 2nd embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a top view. It is a top view for demonstrating the step part temporary joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the step part main joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. (A) And (b) is a perspective view for demonstrating the joint member arrangement | positioning process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the joint temporary joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the joint final joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the integration process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. It is a top view for demonstrating the repair process which concerns on 2nd embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 Tab material 10 Metal member 20 Joint member 100 Recessed part J1-J8 Abutting part A Temporary joining rotation tool A1 Shoulder part A2 Stirring pin B Main joining rotating tool B1 Shoulder part B2 Stirring pin C Repair rotating tool W1-W4 Plasticization region

Claims (4)

A butting step of butting the stepped portions of two metal members having a stepped portion having a thickness smaller than that of the main body portion at the edge of the main body portion, and forming a recess between the main body portions,
A joint that inserts a joint member into the recess, abuts the joint member against the two main body portions, arranges a pair of tab members so as to sandwich the joint member, and abuts each tab member to the joint member A member placement step;
Using the rotary tool for temporary joining, a butt portion between one of the tab members and the joint member, a butt portion between the main body portion of the one metal member and the joint member, and the other tab member and the joint member A joint temporary joining step of performing frictional stirring on the butted portion and the butted portion of the main body portion of the other metal member and the joint member;
Using a main joining rotary tool larger than the temporary joining rotary tool, the abutting portion between the main body portion of the one metal member and the joint member, and the main body portion and the joint member of the other metal member. And a joint main joining step for performing friction stirring on the abutting portion with the joining method,
In the joint temporary joining step, a friction stirring start position and an end position are provided in one of the tab members, and the temporary joining rotary tool inserted in the start position is relatively moved to the end position without being detached halfway. The joining method characterized by the above-mentioned. In the joint member arrangement step, the tab members are abutted against the main body portion of one of the metal members and the main body portion of the other metal member,
2. The joining method according to claim 1, wherein in the joint temporary joining step, friction agitation is also performed on a butt portion between each tab member and the main body of each metal member.   In the joint temporary joining step, the temporary tool rotating tool is rotated clockwise, and when the friction stir is performed on the abutting portion between each tab member and the joint member, the traveling direction of the temporary joining rotary tool The joining method according to claim 1, wherein the tab material is positioned on the left side of the sheet.   In the joint temporary joining step, when the temporary tool is rotated counterclockwise and frictional stirring is performed on the abutting portion between each tab member and the joint member, the traveling direction of the temporary joint rotating tool The joining method according to claim 1, wherein the tab material is positioned on the right side of the tab.

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