TWI382910B - Manufacture of woody cement board - Google Patents
Manufacture of woody cement board Download PDFInfo
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- TWI382910B TWI382910B TW101121318A TW101121318A TWI382910B TW I382910 B TWI382910 B TW I382910B TW 101121318 A TW101121318 A TW 101121318A TW 101121318 A TW101121318 A TW 101121318A TW I382910 B TWI382910 B TW I382910B
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- gasket
- raw material
- material mixture
- cement board
- template
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
- E04C2/324—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with incisions or reliefs in the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
- B28B1/16—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted for producing layered articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Description
本發明係關於在表面具有凹凸設計面之木質水泥板，更詳細而言係關於在表面具有呈銳角之深度深的的凹凸設計面，且，在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等不易產生龜裂之木質水泥板。The present invention relates to a wood cement board having a concave-convex design surface on the surface, and more particularly to a concave-convex design surface having a deep depth on the surface, and is not easily produced in a hardening curing process, a drying process, a transport process, and the like. Cracked wooden cement board.
木質水泥板係藉由使用水硬性材料、含矽酸物質、木質補強材、及因應期望配合有其他材料之原料混合物，以形成墊片，再對該墊片進行沖壓並進行硬化養護來予以製造。又，該木質水泥板，作為外壁材、磁磚之基材等的住宅用構件被廣泛地使用，在外壁材用的木質水泥板的表面，為了使外觀性提昇，而實施有磚花紋、接縫等藉由凹凸所形成之各種設計。The wood cement board is manufactured by using a hydraulic material, a phthalic acid-containing material, a wood reinforcing material, and a raw material mixture which is expected to be blended with other materials to form a gasket, and then pressing and curing the gasket. . In addition, the wood cement board is widely used as a member for a house such as an outer wall material or a base material of a tile, and a brick pattern is attached to the surface of the wood cement board for the outer wall material in order to improve the appearance. Sewing and other various designs formed by the unevenness.
在近年，為了進一步提昇表面設計性，被要求呈銳角之深度深的的凹凸。In recent years, in order to further improve the surface design, it is required to have an acute depth and a deep unevenness.
又，在作為磁磚的基材來使用之木質水泥板，為了定住磁磚，需要在表面設置呈銳角之深度深的的凹凸固定部。Further, in the wood cement board used as the base material of the tile, in order to fix the tile, it is necessary to provide an uneven portion having a deep depth at an acute angle on the surface.
作為在木質水泥板的表面形成凹凸之方法，具有下述方法，即，在沖壓前的半硬化狀態的墊片之表面，將刻設有凹凸圖案之壓花滾子一邊加壓一邊使其旋轉，來將期望的凹凸圖案壓花形成於表面之方法，對進行硬化養護後的 木質水泥板的表面進行切削加工來形成凹凸圖案之方法，或將具有凹凸圖案之模板載置於沖壓前的墊片之表面，將該墊片與模板一同進行沖壓之方法等。As a method of forming irregularities on the surface of a wood cement board, there is a method in which an embossing roller having a concave-convex pattern is pressed while rotating on the surface of the semi-hardened state before pressing. , a method of embossing a desired concave-convex pattern on a surface, after hardening and curing A method of forming a concave-convex pattern by cutting a surface of a wood cement board, or a method of placing a template having a concave-convex pattern on a surface of a gasket before punching, and pressing the gasket together with a template.
但，在使用壓花滾子之方法，不易形成呈銳角之深度深的的凹凸形狀。However, in the method of using an embossing roller, it is difficult to form an uneven shape having a deep depth at an acute angle.
在對木質水泥板的表面進行切削加工之方法，需要進行切削製程，會花費設備費用、小時等，生產效率差。又，在切削製程，容易產生因切削不良所致之不良品。In the method of cutting the surface of the wood cement board, a cutting process is required, which consumes equipment costs, hours, etc., and the production efficiency is poor. Moreover, in the cutting process, defective products due to poor cutting are likely to occur.
在使用模板之方法，雖可形成呈銳角之深度深的的凹凸形狀，但因載置模板之墊片，其厚度大致相同，且表面大致呈平面，所以凹部之比重變高，而凸部的比重變低。因該凹部與凸部的比重差，造成在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等，於木質水泥板上容易產生龜裂，在塗裝製程，使塗料被吸入至木質水泥板的基材內。其結果，會有造成木質水泥板的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性等大寬度降低，變得需要多數之塗料，且塗裝狀態變得部均等之問題產生。In the method using a template, although a concave-convex shape having a deep depth is formed, the thickness of the concave portion is increased because the thickness of the concave portion is substantially the same as the spacer on which the template is placed, and the convex portion is increased in height. The specific gravity is low. Due to the difference in specific gravity between the concave portion and the convex portion, cracking is likely to occur on the wood cement board in the hardening curing process, the drying process, the transport process, etc., and the coating is sucked into the substrate of the wood cement board in the coating process. . As a result, a large width such as strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, and weather resistance of the wood cement board is lowered, and a large amount of paint is required, and the coating state becomes uniform.
作為此問題之改善策，具有下述方法，即，在預定部位配置複數片的區隔板而散佈原料混合物以形成墊片層後，除去存在於該區隔板之原料混合物，藉此形成在預定部位具有凹部之墊片，藉由從已形成之墊片上，對形成有與凹部形成部對應的凸部之上側模板進行沖壓，並進行硬化養護之方法(專利文獻1)。As an improvement of the problem, there is a method of disposing a plurality of partitions at a predetermined portion to spread a raw material mixture to form a shim layer, and then removing a raw material mixture existing in the partition, thereby forming A spacer having a concave portion at a predetermined portion is formed by punching a template on the upper side of the convex portion corresponding to the concave portion forming portion from the formed spacer, and performing curing curing (Patent Document 1).
[專利文獻1]日本特開2001-150421號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-150421
但，在專利文獻1的方法，需要進行配置區隔板之作業、及除去該區隔板之作業，造成生產效率差。However, in the method of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to perform the operation of arranging the partition plate and the operation of removing the partition plate, resulting in poor production efficiency.
又，因凹部的深度、寬度、長度，需要準備各種的區隔板，因此會花費大量的初期費用，在具有多數的凹部之設計、具有各種形狀的凹部之設計的情況，使得作業變得更複雜，造成生產效率變得更差。In addition, since various partitions are required to be prepared for the depth, width, and length of the concave portion, a large amount of initial cost is required, and the design of a plurality of recesses and the design of recesses having various shapes make the work more complicated. Complex, resulting in worse production efficiency.
且，在凹部縱斷於木質水泥板的表面這種長的形狀、或寬度廣之形狀的情況，也會使作業性變差，生產效率變壞。Further, in the case where the concave portion is longitudinally formed on the surface of the wood cement board such as a long shape or a wide shape, the workability is deteriorated, and the production efficiency is deteriorated.
且，在除去區隔板後的墊片層，容易崩壞，不易將凸部與凹部的比重差作成較0.1更小，在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等，於木質水泥板上容易產生龜裂，在塗裝製程，塗料會被吸入至木質水泥板的基材內，造成木質水泥板的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性等大幅降低，變得需要大量的塗料，且塗裝狀態變得不均等的問題依然未解決。Moreover, the gasket layer after removing the partition plate is liable to collapse, and it is difficult to make the difference in specific gravity between the convex portion and the concave portion smaller than 0.1, and it is easy to be cured on a wood cement board in a curing curing process, a drying process, a transport process, and the like. Cracks are generated. In the coating process, the paint is sucked into the substrate of the wood cement board, which greatly reduces the strength, water resistance, frost resistance, weather resistance, etc. of the wood cement board, and requires a large amount of paint and is coated. The problem of uneven loading status remains unresolved.
本發明是為了解決上述問題點而開發完成之發明，其目的在於提供在表面具有呈銳角之深度深的的凹凸設計面，且，在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等不易產生龜裂之木質水泥板。The present invention has been developed in order to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a concave-convex design surface having a deep depth at an acute angle on a surface, and it is less likely to cause cracks in a hardening curing process, a drying process, a transport process, and the like. Wooden cement board.
為了達到上述目的，請求項1所記載之發明，一種木質水泥板，係在表面具有凹凸設計面，由水硬性材料、含矽酸物質、木質補強材所構成之木質水泥板，其特徵為：該木質水泥板的從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度為9mm以上，從該凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止之長度為2mm以上且從該凸部的頂點至該裏面為止之長度的一半以下，該木質水泥板的全體之平均比重、及該凸部、該凹部的比重分別為1.1以上，該凸部的比重與該凹部的比重之差較0.1小。再者，凸部的頂點係顯示在凸部中最高之部位，凹部的底點係顯示在凹部中最低之部位。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1, wherein the wood cement board is a wood cement board having a concave-convex design surface and a hydraulic material, a tannic acid-containing material, and a wood reinforcing material, and is characterized by: The length of the wood cement board from the apex of the convex portion to the inside is 9 mm or more, and the length from the apex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion is 2 mm or more and the length from the apex of the convex portion to the inside. In half or less, the average specific gravity of the entire wood cement board and the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion are each 1.1 or more, and the difference between the specific gravity of the convex portion and the specific gravity of the concave portion is smaller than 0.1. Further, the apex of the convex portion is displayed at the highest portion of the convex portion, and the bottom point of the concave portion is displayed at the lowest portion of the concave portion.
本發明的木質水泥板，能夠利用由下述製程所構成之木質水泥板的製造方法來加以製造，即，一邊搬送形成有與該木質水泥板的凸部形成部對應的凹部之模板，一邊將原料混合物散佈於該模板上，來形成墊片之製程；在該墊片之原料混合物中，僅對層積於該模板的凹部之部分的原料混合物，由上側進行加壓之製程；將一部分被加壓的墊片之表面均勻化的製程；及對所獲得之墊片與該模板進行沖壓，並進行硬化養護之製程。作為硬化養護，具有下述方法，即，在50~80℃下進行6~12小時的硬化養護後，進行自然養護或熱壓(autoclave)養護之方法。再者，該自然養護係在外氣下進行3~14日之養護的方法，該熱壓養護係在160~200℃、5~8kgf/cm2 下進行5~10小時之養護的方法。在該製造方法，被層積於模板的凹部之原料混合物的質量係較被層積於該模板的凸部之原料混合物的質量更 多。即，木質水泥板的凸部形成部分的原料混合物的質量係較凹部形成部分的質量更多。藉此，因能夠均等地沖壓墊片，所以，沖壓後的墊片之凸部與凹部的比重變高，成為1.1以上，並且該凸部與該凹部的比重差變小。The wood cement board of the present invention can be produced by a method for producing a wood cement board which is formed by a process in which a concave portion corresponding to the convex portion forming portion of the wood cement board is formed and conveyed. a raw material mixture is dispersed on the template to form a gasket; in the raw material mixture of the gasket, only a raw material mixture which is laminated on a portion of the concave portion of the template is pressurized by the upper side; a process for homogenizing the surface of the pressurized gasket; and a process for stamping the obtained gasket and the template and performing a hardening curing process. As the curing curing, there is a method in which natural curing or autoclave curing is carried out after hardening curing at 50 to 80 ° C for 6 to 12 hours. Furthermore, the natural maintenance system is a method of curing for 3 to 14 days under external air, and the hot-pressing maintenance method is carried out for 5 to 10 hours at 160 to 200 ° C and 5 to 8 kgf/cm 2 . In this manufacturing method, the mass of the raw material mixture laminated in the concave portion of the template is higher than the mass of the raw material mixture laminated on the convex portion of the template. That is, the mass of the raw material mixture of the convex portion forming portion of the wood cement board is more than the mass of the concave portion forming portion. In this way, since the gasket can be uniformly pressed, the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion of the gasket after pressing becomes high, and is 1.1 or more, and the difference in specific gravity between the convex portion and the concave portion is small.
本發明的水硬性材料為波特蘭水泥、高爐水泥、矽水泥、粉煤灰水泥、礬土水泥等的水泥類，含矽酸物質為矽砂、矽石粉末、矽灰、高爐熔渣、粉煤灰、玻璃球、珍珠體等，木質補強材為木粉、木質纖維、紙漿、木質纖維束、木毛、木片、竹纖維、麻纖維等。The hydraulic material of the present invention is cement such as Portland cement, blast furnace cement, strontium cement, fly ash cement, bauxite cement, etc., and the phthalic acid-containing material is strontium sand, vermiculite powder, ash ash, blast furnace slag, Fly ash, glass ball, pearl body, etc., wood reinforcing material is wood powder, wood fiber, pulp, wood fiber bundle, wood wool, wood chips, bamboo fiber, hemp fiber, and the like.
除了上述原料以外，亦可含有作為原料之二水硫酸鈣、燒石膏、無水硫酸鈣、消石灰、生石灰等的活性石灰含有物質，或氯化鎂、蟻酸鈣、硫酸鎂、氯化鈣、硫酸鈣、鋁酸鈉、鋁酸鉀、硫酸鋁、水玻璃等的硬化促進劑，蛭石、皂土、矽灰石、厄帖浦石等的礦物粉末，蠟、石蠟、矽等的撥水劑，合成樹脂乳膠等的補強材，發泡性熱可塑性塑膠粒、塑膠發泡體等。In addition to the above-mentioned raw materials, it may contain active lime-containing substances such as calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcined gypsum, anhydrous calcium sulfate, slaked lime, quicklime, or the like, or magnesium chloride, calcium formate, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, aluminum. Hardening accelerators such as sodium, potassium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, water glass, etc., mineral powders such as vermiculite, bentonite, ash stone, erite stone, water repellents such as waxes, paraffins, and enamel, synthetic resins Reinforcing materials such as latex, foaming thermoplastic plastic pellets, plastic foam, etc.
上述原料的混合比率為水硬性材料35~70質量%、含矽酸物質0~60質量%、木質補強材5~30質量%。The mixing ratio of the above raw materials is 35 to 70% by mass of the hydraulic material, 0 to 60% by mass of the citric acid-containing material, and 5 to 30% by mass of the wood reinforcing material.
在本發明，因木質水泥板的從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度為9mm以上，所以具有優良之強度，並且在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等不易產生龜裂。當木質水泥板的從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度為較9mm小時，則強度不足，在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等容易產生龜裂，在運送之際亦會有造成該木質水泥板破損 之情況產生。In the present invention, since the length of the wood cement board from the apex of the convex portion to the inner side is 9 mm or more, it has excellent strength, and cracking is less likely to occur in the hardening curing process, the drying process, the transport process, and the like. When the length of the wood cement board from the apex of the convex portion to the inside is less than 9 mm, the strength is insufficient, and cracks are likely to occur in the hardening curing process, the drying process, the transport process, etc., and the wood is also caused during transportation. Cement board damage The situation arises.
又，在本發明，因木質水泥板的凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度為2mm以上、且為該從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度的一半以下，所以，凹凸形狀係呈銳角且深，具優良之設計性。在定住磁磚之情況，磁磚變得不易脫離。當凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度較2mm小時，則因凹凸形狀呈銳角、深度不深，設計性不充分。又，當凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度為較從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度的一半更大時，則，強度變弱，且，在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等變得容易產生龜裂，在運送之際亦會有造成該木質水泥板破損之情況產生。Further, in the present invention, since the length from the apex of the convex portion of the wood cement board to the bottom point of the concave portion is 2 mm or more and half or less of the length from the apex of the convex portion to the inner portion, the uneven shape is Sharp angle and deep, with excellent design. In the case of holding the tiles, the tiles become less detachable. When the length from the apex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion is smaller than 2 mm, the uneven shape is an acute angle and the depth is not deep, and the design property is insufficient. Further, when the length from the vertex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion is larger than half the length from the vertex of the convex portion to the inner portion, the strength is weakened, and the curing process, the drying process, and the transport are performed. Processes and the like are prone to cracking, and the wood cement board may be damaged during transportation.
又，因木質水泥板的全體之平均比重、及凸部、凹部的比重分別為1.1以上，該凸部的比重與該凹部的比重之差較0.1小，所以，能夠防止在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等，於木質水泥板產生龜裂，且，改善了在塗裝製程中塗料被吸入至基材之情況。其結果，能夠防止木質水泥板製品的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性降低、需要大量的塗料、塗裝不均等等之問題。並且，亦可達到即使沖壓能力不大，亦可進行生產之次級效果。In addition, since the average specific gravity of the entire wood cement board and the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion are each 1.1 or more, and the difference between the specific gravity of the convex portion and the specific gravity of the concave portion is smaller than 0.1, it is possible to prevent the curing process and drying. The process, the transport process, etc., cause cracks in the wood cement board, and the paint is sucked into the substrate during the coating process. As a result, it is possible to prevent the problems of the strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, weather resistance of the wood cement board product from being lowered, and requiring a large amount of paint, uneven coating, and the like. Moreover, it is also possible to achieve a secondary effect of production even if the punching ability is not large.
本請求項2之發明係如請求項1之木質水泥板，其中，該木質水泥板由表層與芯層所構成，該表層與該芯層的原料混合物的組成不同，該表層較該芯層呈更緻密構造。The invention of claim 2 is the wood cement board of claim 1, wherein the wood cement board is composed of a surface layer and a core layer, and the surface layer is different from the composition of the raw material mixture of the core layer, and the surface layer is different from the core layer. More dense construction.
本發明的木質水泥板係可利用由下述製程所組成之木質水泥板的製造方法等來加以製造，即，一邊搬送形成有 與該木質水泥板的凸部形成部對應的凹部之模板，一邊在該模板上散佈表層用原料混合物來形成表層墊片之製程；在該表層墊片之上散佈芯層用原料混合物來形成芯層墊片之製程；在該芯層墊片與表層墊片之原料混合物中，僅對已層積於該模板的凹部之部分的原料混合物，由上側進行加壓之製程；將一部分已被加壓之該芯層墊片之表面均勻化的製程；在表面已被均勻化的芯層墊片上，進一步散佈該表層用原料混合物，用以形成表層墊片之製程；以及將所獲得之三層構造的墊片與該模板進行沖壓並進行硬化養護之製程所構成的製造方法。在該製造方法，被層積於模板的凹部之原料混合物的質量係較被層積於該模板的凸部之原料混合物的質量多。即，木質水泥板的凸部形成部分的原料混合物的質量係較凹部形成部分的質量更多。藉此，能均等地沖壓墊片，因此，沖壓後的墊片之凸部與凹部的比重變高，並且該凸部與該凹部的比重差變小。The wood cement board of the present invention can be produced by a method for producing a wood cement board composed of the following processes, that is, it is formed by transporting a template for a concave portion corresponding to the convex portion forming portion of the wood cement board, a process for forming a surface layer gasket by spreading a raw material mixture for the surface layer on the template; and dispersing a raw material mixture for the core layer on the surface layer gasket to form a core a process of layer gasket; in the raw material mixture of the core layer gasket and the surface layer gasket, only the raw material mixture which has been laminated on the concave portion of the template is pressurized by the upper side; a part has been added a process for homogenizing the surface of the core layer gasket; further dispersing the raw material mixture for the surface layer on the core layer gasket whose surface has been homogenized to form a surface layer gasket; and obtaining the obtained three A manufacturing method comprising a layered gasket and a process in which the template is stamped and hardened and cured. In this manufacturing method, the mass of the raw material mixture laminated in the concave portion of the template is higher than the mass of the raw material mixture laminated on the convex portion of the template. That is, the mass of the raw material mixture of the convex portion forming portion of the wood cement board is more than the mass of the concave portion forming portion. Thereby, since the gasket can be uniformly pressed, the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion of the gasket after the punching becomes high, and the difference in specific gravity between the convex portion and the concave portion becomes small.
再者，表層與芯層均為由水硬性材料、含矽酸物質、及木質補強材所構成，但原料混合物的組成不同。表層為含有微細原料之緻密構造，含有水硬性材料35~70質量%、含矽酸物質0~50質量%、木質補強材5~25質量%，可使木質水泥板的強度、耐水性等提昇。另外，芯層為粗原料所成之組成，含有水硬性材料30~60質量%、含矽酸物質0~60質量%、木質補強材10~30質量%，將木質水泥板作成為輕量。表層：芯層的混合比率，在質量比為1：1~1：6，期望為1：1~1：4，理想為芯層之厚度較表層之厚度 厚。Further, the surface layer and the core layer are composed of a hydraulic material, a phthalic acid-containing material, and a wood reinforcing material, but the composition of the raw material mixture is different. The surface layer is a dense structure containing fine raw materials, containing 35 to 70% by mass of hydraulic material, 0 to 50% by mass of citric acid, and 5 to 25% by mass of wood reinforcing material, which can improve the strength and water resistance of the wood cement board. . Further, the core layer is composed of a raw material, and contains 30 to 60% by mass of the hydraulic material, 0 to 60% by mass of the citric acid substance, and 10 to 30% by mass of the wood reinforcing material, and the wood cement board is made lightweight. Surface layer: The mixing ratio of the core layer is 1:1~1:6 in mass ratio, and is expected to be 1:1~1:4. Ideally, the thickness of the core layer is thicker than the thickness of the surface layer. thick.
即使在本發明，亦可防止在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等，於木質水泥板產生龜裂，且，可改善在塗裝製程中塗料被吸入至基材的情況。且，藉由表層，能夠維持強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性，並且能夠防止需要大量的塗料、及塗裝不均等之問題。並且，亦可達到即使沖壓能力不大，亦可進行生產之次級效果。According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent cracking of the wood cement board in the hardening curing process, the drying process, the transport process, and the like, and it is possible to improve the case where the paint is sucked into the substrate during the coating process. Further, by the surface layer, strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, and weather resistance can be maintained, and problems such as requiring a large amount of paint and uneven coating can be prevented. Moreover, it is also possible to achieve a secondary effect of production even if the punching ability is not large.
若根據本發明的木質水泥板的話，因該木質水泥板的從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度為9mm以上，從該凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止之長度為2mm以上且從該凸部的頂點至該裏面為止之長度的一半以下，該木質水泥板的全體之平均比重、及凸部、凹部的比重分別為1.1以上，該凹部與該凸部的比重之差較0.1小，所以，強度充足，並且能夠防止在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等，於木質水泥板產生龜裂之虞產生，且，可改善在塗裝製程中塗料被吸入至基材之情況。其結果，亦能夠防止木質水泥板製品的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性降低、需要大量的塗料、塗裝不均等之問題產生。又，因木質水泥板的凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度為2mm以上、且該從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度的一半以下，所以，凹凸形狀呈銳角且深度深並具優良之設計性。在固定磁磚之情況，磁磚變得不易脫落。According to the wood cement board of the present invention, the length of the wood cement board from the apex of the convex portion to the inner side is 9 mm or more, and the length from the apex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion is 2 mm or more. When the apex of the convex portion is less than or equal to half the length of the inner surface of the convex portion, the average specific gravity of the entire wood cement board and the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion are 1.1 or more, and the difference between the specific gravity of the concave portion and the convex portion is smaller than 0.1. Therefore, the strength is sufficient, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks in the wood cement board during the hardening maintenance process, the drying process, the transport process, and the like, and it is possible to improve the case where the paint is sucked into the substrate during the coating process. As a result, it is possible to prevent the problems of the strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, and weather resistance of the wood cement board product from being lowered, and it is required to have a large amount of paint and uneven coating. In addition, since the length from the apex of the convex portion of the wood cement board to the bottom point of the concave portion is 2 mm or more and half or less from the apex of the convex portion to the inner side, the uneven shape is acute and deep. Excellent design. In the case of a fixed tile, the tile becomes less likely to fall off.
以下，參照圖1~圖6，具體說明實施本發明之理想形態。Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment for carrying out the invention will be specifically described with reference to Figs. 1 to 6 .
圖1係顯示在表面具有凸部A1之木質水泥板A的一例之圖。在此，凸部A1，在木質水泥板A的表面，於長方向上呈一直線狀形成有5支。Fig. 1 is a view showing an example of a wood cement board A having a convex portion A1 on its surface. Here, the convex portion A1 is formed in five lines in the longitudinal direction on the surface of the wood cement board A.
圖2係顯示用於製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之裝置，為用來對將木質水泥板A成形用的墊片原料的一部分進行旋轉加壓之裝置B的一例的圖。裝置B具備有旋轉軸B1、及形成於其周圍的複數個滾子部B2，配置於用來搬送墊片之輸送機的上方，且，對該墊片之進行方向呈正交之方向上。藉由旋轉軸B1旋轉，滾子部B2加壓接觸於上述墊片之原料的必要部位，可對該墊片進行加壓。再者，滾子部B2能夠調整動作位置、及高度。又，本裝置B可由生產線進行裝卸，又，預先準備具備有配置、調整成與欲製造之木質水泥板的凹部的圖案對應之滾子部B2的裝置B，配合欲製造之木質水泥板的凹部的圖案進行更換的話，可使作業性良好、且不會使木質水泥板的生產效率降低。Fig. 2 is a view showing an example of an apparatus B for rotating and pressurizing a part of the gasket material for molding the wood cement board A, which is an apparatus for manufacturing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1 . The apparatus B includes a rotating shaft B1 and a plurality of roller portions B2 formed around the rotating shaft B1, and is disposed above the conveyor for conveying the gasket, and the direction in which the gaskets are oriented is orthogonal. By rotating the rotating shaft B1, the roller portion B2 is pressed into contact with a necessary portion of the material of the gasket, and the gasket can be pressurized. Furthermore, the roller portion B2 can adjust the operating position and height. Further, the apparatus B can be attached and detached by a production line, and a device B having a roller portion B2 arranged to be adjusted to a pattern of a concave portion of a wood cement board to be manufactured is prepared in advance, and a concave portion of the wood cement board to be manufactured is fitted. When the pattern is replaced, the workability is good and the production efficiency of the wood cement board is not lowered.
圖3係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程的一例，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以顯示之模式圖。在圖3所示的製造製程，使用組成不同之表層用 原料混合物E與芯層用原料混合物F。Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a process flow for manufacturing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1 in accordance with the state of the gasket manufactured in each process. In the manufacturing process shown in Figure 3, use a different surface layer Raw material mixture E and raw material mixture F for core layer.
首先，將形成有與凸部形成部對應的凹部C1之模板C，如圖3(A)所示，以模板C的凹部C1朝上的方式載置於輸送機(未圖示)上。一邊搬送已載置於輸送機上之模板C，一邊將表層用原料混合物E散佈於該模板C的表面全體，如圖3(B)所示，形成表層墊片。再者，在表層用原料混合物E，混合較芯層粒徑更細的原料，所獲得之木質水泥板的表面成為緻密。First, the template C in which the concave portion C1 corresponding to the convex portion forming portion is formed is placed on a conveyor (not shown) such that the concave portion C1 of the template C faces upward as shown in FIG. 3(A). While the template C that has been placed on the conveyor is conveyed, the surface layer raw material mixture E is spread over the entire surface of the template C, and as shown in FIG. 3(B), a surface layer gasket is formed. Further, in the surface layer raw material mixture E, a material having a finer particle diameter than the core layer is mixed, and the surface of the obtained wood cement board becomes dense.
其次，接著一邊搬送積載有表層用原料混合物E之模板C，一邊將芯層用原料混合物F散佈於表層用原料混合物E的表面全體。芯層用原料混合物F較表層用原料混合物E散佈更多，將芯層墊片之厚度作成為較表層墊片更大，如圖3(C)所示，形成芯層墊片。再者，在搬送方向的上方，以與芯層用原料混合物F的表面輕微接觸的方式設置刷子(未圖示)，將芯層用原料混合物F的表面均勻化。亦可噴吹空氣來將表面均勻化。然後，進一步將積載有原料混合物E、F之模板C以輸送機搬送，如圖3(D)所示，藉由設置於輸送機的上方之圖2所示的裝置B的滾子部B2，僅對原料混合物E、F中層積於模板C的凹部C1上之原料混合物，從上側進行加壓，如圖3(E)所示，獲得具有僅層積於模板C的凹部C1上之原料混合物被加壓的部分E1、F1之墊片。然後，具有已被加壓的部分F1、F1之墊片，藉由使表面輕觸於設置在搬送方向的上方之刷子(未圖示)或噴吹空氣，一邊搬送，一邊可獲得 如圖3(F)所示這樣表面被均勻化之墊片。再者，為了將表面均勻化，在E1、F1以外的部分，藉由刷子或空氣(未圖示)刮取較E1、F1更高的部分，來將墊片之表面予以均勻化。Then, the core material raw material mixture F is dispersed on the entire surface of the surface layer raw material mixture E while the template C in which the surface layer raw material mixture E is stacked is conveyed. The raw material mixture F for the core layer is more dispersed than the raw material mixture E for the surface layer, and the thickness of the core layer spacer is made larger than that of the surface layer spacer, and as shown in Fig. 3(C), a core layer spacer is formed. In addition, a brush (not shown) is provided in a direction slightly in contact with the surface of the core material mixture F in the upper direction of the conveyance direction, and the surface of the core material mixture F is made uniform. Air can also be blown to homogenize the surface. Then, the template C in which the raw material mixtures E and F are loaded is further conveyed by a conveyor, and as shown in FIG. 3(D), the roller portion B2 of the apparatus B shown in FIG. 2 provided above the conveyor is Only the raw material mixture laminated on the concave portion C1 of the template C in the raw material mixtures E and F is pressurized from the upper side, and as shown in Fig. 3(E), a raw material mixture having a concave portion C1 laminated only on the template C is obtained. A gasket of the pressed portions E1, F1. Then, the gasket having the portions F1 and F1 that have been pressurized can be obtained by moving the surface with a brush (not shown) provided in the upper direction of the conveyance direction or by blowing air. As shown in Fig. 3(F), the surface is homogenized. Further, in order to make the surface uniform, the surfaces of the spacers are homogenized by scraping a portion higher than E1 and F1 by a brush or air (not shown) in portions other than E1 and F1.
積載有原料混合物E、F之模板C進一步在輸送機上被搬送，再次對原料混合物F的表面全體散佈表層用原料混合物E，如圖3(G)所示，在芯層墊片上形成表層墊片。然後，對如此所獲得之墊片表面，如圖3(H)所示，載置平滑的沖壓板D，並將其與模板C一同沖壓並進行硬化養護。The template C in which the raw material mixtures E and F are loaded is further conveyed on the conveyor, and the surface layer raw material mixture E is again dispersed on the entire surface of the raw material mixture F, and a surface layer is formed on the core layer gasket as shown in Fig. 3(G). Gasket. Then, on the surface of the gasket thus obtained, as shown in Fig. 3 (H), a smooth press plate D was placed and pressed together with the template C to carry out hardening curing.
若依據上述製造製程的話，因原料混合物的散佈、原料混合物的一部分加壓、及原料混合物的表面均勻化係一邊搬送模板C一邊進行，所以，生產效率佳。又，因僅原料混合物E、F中，與模板C的凹部C1對應之部分被加壓，在加壓後將芯層墊片之表面予以均勻化，所以，在進行沖壓之際，荷重均等地施加於墊片，即使沖壓能力不大亦可進行生產，且，能夠縮小木質水泥板A的表面凹部與凸部的比重之差，且改善於木質水泥板A產生龜裂之情況與塗料被吸入至基材之情況。且，因表層的原料混合物E的量不會改變，所以能夠維持木質水泥板A的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性，並且能夠防止需要大量的塗料、塗裝不均等之問題產生。According to the above-described manufacturing process, since the dispersion of the raw material mixture, partial pressurization of the raw material mixture, and uniformization of the surface of the raw material mixture are carried out while the template C is being conveyed, the production efficiency is good. Further, since only the portions corresponding to the concave portion C1 of the template C are pressurized in the raw material mixtures E and F, the surface of the core gasket is made uniform after pressurization, so that the load is uniformly equalized when the press is performed. When it is applied to the gasket, it can be produced even if the punching ability is not large, and the difference in the specific gravity between the concave portion and the convex portion of the surface of the wood cement board A can be reduced, and the cracking of the wood cement board A can be improved and the paint can be inhaled. To the case of the substrate. Further, since the amount of the raw material mixture E in the surface layer does not change, the strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, and weather resistance of the wood cement board A can be maintained, and problems such as requiring a large amount of paint and uneven coating can be prevented.
圖4係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程的其他實施例，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以 顯示之模式圖。Fig. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the process flow for manufacturing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1, which is based on the state of the gasket manufactured in each process. The mode diagram shown.
圖4所示的製造製程中，在表層與芯層之原料混合物的混合、厚度也不同，使用表層用原料混合物E與芯層用原料混合物F、在表層用原料混合物E上散佈芯層用原料混合物F、芯層墊片之厚度較表層墊片大、藉由設置於輸送機的上方之圖2所示的裝置B，僅對原料混合物E、F中之與模板C的凹部C1對應之部分進行加壓，製造具有已被加壓的部分E1、F1之墊片、及將具有已被加壓部分E1、F1之墊片之表面予以均勻化後，將表層用原料混合物E散佈於原料混合物F的表面全體，進行沖壓、硬化養護之這些點上，與圖3所示的製造製程相同，但，如圖4(A)所示，首先將平滑的沖壓板D載置於輸送機上、如圖4(B)~(G)所示，原料混合物的散佈、原料混合物的一部分加壓、原料混合物的表面均勻化係一邊搬送平滑的沖壓板D一邊進行、以及如圖4(H)所示，在三層構造的墊片上載置形成有與凸部形成部對應的凹部C1之模板C的這些點上係與圖3之製造製程不同。再者，因模板C，係將凹部C1朝下後載置於墊片上，所以，被加壓的位置與凸部C1的位置相同。In the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 4, the raw material mixture E for the surface layer and the raw material mixture F for the core layer and the raw material mixture F for the surface layer are used to disperse the raw material for the core layer in the raw material mixture E for the surface layer. The thickness of the mixture F and the core layer gasket is larger than that of the surface layer gasket, and only the portion corresponding to the concave portion C1 of the template C in the raw material mixture E, F is provided by the apparatus B shown in Fig. 2 which is disposed above the conveyor. After pressurizing, manufacturing a gasket having portions E1 and F1 which have been pressurized, and homogenizing the surface of the gasket having the pressurized portions E1 and F1, the raw material mixture E for the surface layer is dispersed in the raw material mixture. The entire surface of F is stamped and hardened, and is the same as the manufacturing process shown in Fig. 3. However, as shown in Fig. 4(A), the smooth stamping plate D is first placed on the conveyor. As shown in Fig. 4 (B) to (G), the dispersion of the raw material mixture, the partial pressurization of the raw material mixture, and the homogenization of the surface of the raw material mixture are performed while conveying the smooth press plate D, and as shown in Fig. 4(H). Show that the gasket is placed on the three-layer structure Templates based on these points C of the concave portion and the convex portion C1 formed in the portion corresponding to FIG. 3 different manufacturing processes. Further, since the concave portion C1 is placed on the spacer by the template C, the pressed position is the same as the position of the convex portion C1.
在上述製造製程，也因原料混合物的散佈、原料混合物的一部分加壓、原料混合物的表面的均勻化是一邊搬送沖壓板D一邊進行，所以，與圖3所示的製造方法同樣地，生產效率良好。又，因僅原料混合物E、F中與模板C的凹部C1對應之部分被加壓，在加壓後，將芯層墊片之 表面均勻化，所以，在進行沖壓之際，荷重均等地施加於墊片，即使沖壓能力不大亦可進行生產，且，能夠縮小木質水泥板A的表面凹部與凸部的比重之差，且改善於木質水泥板A產生龜裂之情況與塗料被吸入至基材之情況。且，因表層的原料混合物E的量不會改變，所以能夠維持木質水泥板A的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性，並且能夠防止需要大量的塗料、塗裝不均等之問題產生。In the above-described manufacturing process, since the dispersion of the raw material mixture, the partial pressurization of the raw material mixture, and the uniformization of the surface of the raw material mixture are performed while the press plate D is being transferred, the production efficiency is similar to that of the manufacturing method shown in FIG. 3 . good. Further, since only the portion corresponding to the concave portion C1 of the template C in the raw material mixtures E and F is pressurized, after the pressurization, the core layer is placed. Since the surface is uniformized, the load is uniformly applied to the gasket at the time of the press, and the production can be performed even if the punching ability is not large, and the difference in the specific gravity between the concave portion and the convex portion of the wood cement board A can be reduced, and The case where the wood cement board A is cracked and the paint is sucked into the substrate is improved. Further, since the amount of the raw material mixture E in the surface layer does not change, the strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, and weather resistance of the wood cement board A can be maintained, and problems such as requiring a large amount of paint and uneven coating can be prevented.
圖5係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程的其他實施例，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以顯示之模式圖。Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the process flow for manufacturing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1 in accordance with the state of the gasket manufactured in each process.
圖5所示的製造方法，原料混合物的混合為1種類，僅使用原料混合物G。In the production method shown in Fig. 5, the raw material mixture is mixed in one type, and only the raw material mixture G is used.
首先，將形成有與凸部形成部對應的凹部C1之模板C載置於輸送機上，如圖5(A)所示，作成為模板C的凹部C1朝上。其次，一邊搬送已載置於輸送機上之模板C，一邊將原料混合物G散佈於該模板C的表面全體，然後，形成如圖5(B)這樣的墊片。再者，在搬送方向的上方，以與原料混合物G的表面輕微接觸的方式設置刷子(未圖示)，將原料混合物G的表面均勻化。亦可噴吹空氣來將表面均勻化。然後，進一步將積載有原料混合物G之模板C以輸送機搬送，如圖5(C)所示，藉由設置於輸送機的上方之圖2所示的裝置B的滾子部B2，僅對原料混合物G中層積於模板C的凹部C1上之原料混合物，從上側進行加壓，如圖5(D)所示，獲得具有僅層積於 模板C的凹部C1上之原料混合物被加壓的部分G1之墊片。然後，具有已被加壓的部分G1之墊片，藉由使表面輕觸於設置在搬送方向的上方之刷子(未圖示)或噴吹空氣，一邊搬送，一邊如圖5(E)所示，將表面均勻化後，如圖5(F)所示，載置表面平滑的沖壓板D，將其與模板C一同進行沖壓，並進行硬化養護。再者，為了將表面均勻化，在G1以外的部分，藉由刷子或空氣(未圖示)刮取較G1更高的部分，來將墊片之表面予以均勻化。First, the template C on which the concave portion C1 corresponding to the convex portion forming portion is formed is placed on the conveyor, and as shown in Fig. 5(A), the concave portion C1 serving as the template C faces upward. Next, while the template C placed on the conveyor is conveyed, the raw material mixture G is spread over the entire surface of the template C, and then a spacer as shown in Fig. 5(B) is formed. Further, a brush (not shown) is provided in a direction slightly in contact with the surface of the raw material mixture G above the conveyance direction to uniformize the surface of the raw material mixture G. Air can also be blown to homogenize the surface. Then, the template C in which the raw material mixture G is loaded is further conveyed by the conveyor, as shown in Fig. 5(C), by the roller portion B2 of the device B shown in Fig. 2 provided above the conveyor, only The raw material mixture which is laminated on the concave portion C1 of the template C in the raw material mixture G is pressurized from the upper side, as shown in Fig. 5(D), and has a stratification only The raw material mixture on the recess C1 of the template C is a gasket of the pressurized portion G1. Then, the gasket having the portion G1 that has been pressurized is conveyed while the surface is lightly touched by a brush (not shown) provided in the conveyance direction or by blowing air, as shown in Fig. 5(E). After the surface was made uniform, as shown in FIG. 5(F), the punched plate D having a smooth surface was placed, and it was pressed together with the template C to be hardened and cured. Further, in order to homogenize the surface, the surface of the spacer is homogenized by scraping a portion higher than G1 by a brush or air (not shown) in a portion other than G1.
若依據上述製造製程的話，因原料混合物的散佈、原料混合物的一部分加壓、及原料混合物的表面的均勻化係一邊搬送模板C一邊進行，原料混合物的混合僅為1種類，所以，生產效率較圖3、4所示的製造製程更良好。再者，因原料混合物G，係僅與模板C的凹部C1對應之部分被加壓，在加壓後將墊片之表面均勻化，所以，在進行沖壓之際，荷重均等地施加於墊片，即使沖壓能力不大亦可進行生產，且，能夠縮小木質水泥板A的表面凹部與凸部的比重之差，且改善於木質水泥板A產生龜裂之情況與塗料被吸入至基材之情況，這些是與圖3、4所示的製造製程相同。又，能夠維持木質水泥板A的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性，並且能夠防止需要大量的塗料、塗裝不均等之問題產生之效果也與圖3、4所示的製造方法相同。According to the above-described manufacturing process, the distribution of the raw material mixture, the partial pressurization of the raw material mixture, and the homogenization of the surface of the raw material mixture are carried out while the template C is being conveyed, and the mixing of the raw material mixture is only one type, so that the production efficiency is higher. The manufacturing process shown in Figures 3 and 4 is better. Further, since the raw material mixture G is pressurized only by the portion corresponding to the concave portion C1 of the template C, and the surface of the gasket is made uniform after the pressurization, the load is uniformly applied to the gasket at the time of pressing. Even if the punching ability is not large, the production can be performed, and the difference in the specific gravity between the concave portion and the convex portion of the wood cement board A can be reduced, and the crack of the wood cement board A can be improved and the paint can be sucked into the substrate. In the case, these are the same as the manufacturing processes shown in Figs. Further, the strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, and weather resistance of the wood cement board A can be maintained, and the effect of preventing a large amount of paint and uneven coating can be prevented, and the manufacturing method shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is also the same.
圖6係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程的其他實施例，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以 顯示之模式圖。Fig. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the process flow for manufacturing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1, which is based on the state of the gasket manufactured in each process. The mode diagram shown.
在圖6所示的製造製程，原料混合物的混合也為1種類，僅使用原料混合物G、在輸送機上一邊搬送一邊散佈原料混合物G來形成墊片、藉由設置於輸送機的上方之圖2所示的裝置B的滾子部B2，僅將墊片之原料混合物G中與模板C的凹部C1對應之部分由上側予以加壓，製造具有已被加壓的部分G1之墊片、將具有已被加壓的部分G1之墊片之表面予以均勻化後再進行沖壓、硬化養護的這些點上，是與圖5所記載的製造方法相同，但，如圖6(A)所示，首先將原料混合物G散佈於沖壓板D上、如圖6(B)~(E)所示，原料混合物的散佈、原料混合物的一部分加壓、原料混合物的表面的均勻化係一邊搬送平滑的沖壓板D一邊進行、以及如圖6(F)所示，墊片上載置形成有與凸部形成部對應的凹部C1之模板C的這些點是與圖5所記載的製造方法不同。再者，因模板C係以凹部C1朝下的方式載置於墊片上，所以，被加壓的位置與凸部C1的位置相同。In the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 6, the mixing of the raw material mixture is also one type, and only the raw material mixture G is used, and the raw material mixture G is dispersed while being conveyed on the conveyor to form a gasket, which is provided above the conveyor. In the roller portion B2 of the device B shown in Fig. 2, only the portion of the raw material mixture G of the gasket corresponding to the concave portion C1 of the template C is pressurized from the upper side, and a gasket having the portion G1 that has been pressurized is produced. The point at which the surface of the gasket having the pressed portion G1 is homogenized and then pressed and cured is the same as the manufacturing method described in FIG. 5, but as shown in FIG. 6(A), First, the raw material mixture G is spread on the press plate D, and as shown in Figs. 6(B) to 6(E), the dispersion of the raw material mixture, a part of the raw material mixture is pressurized, and the surface of the raw material mixture is homogenized, and smooth rolling is carried out. As shown in FIG. 6F, the plate D is different from the manufacturing method described in FIG. 5 in that the template C in which the recess C1 corresponding to the convex portion forming portion is formed is placed on the spacer. Further, since the template C is placed on the spacer so that the concave portion C1 faces downward, the pressed position is the same as the position of the convex portion C1.
若依據上述製造製程的話，因原料混合物的散佈、原料混合物的一部分加壓、原料混合物的表面的均勻化係一邊搬送沖壓板D一邊進行，且原料混合物的混合僅為1種類，所以，與圖5所示的製造製程同樣地，生產效率良好。又，原料混合物G係僅與模板C的凹部C1對應之部分被加壓，在加壓後將墊片之表面均勻化，所以，在進行沖壓之際，荷重均等地施加於墊片，即使沖壓能力不大亦可 進行生產，且，能夠縮小木質水泥板A的表面凹部與凸部的比重之差，且改善於木質水泥板A產生龜裂之情況與塗料被吸入至基材之情況，這些效果是與圖3、4、5所示的製造製程相同。且，能夠維持木質水泥板A的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性，並且能夠防止需要大量的塗料、塗裝不均等之問題產生的這些效果也與圖3、4、5所示的製造製程相同。According to the above-described manufacturing process, the dispersion of the raw material mixture, the partial pressurization of the raw material mixture, and the homogenization of the surface of the raw material mixture are carried out while the press plate D is being conveyed, and the mixing of the raw material mixture is only one type, and therefore, The manufacturing process shown in 5 is similar in production efficiency. Further, the raw material mixture G is pressurized only by the portion corresponding to the concave portion C1 of the template C, and the surface of the gasket is made uniform after the pressure is applied. Therefore, when the pressing is performed, the load is uniformly applied to the gasket even if the pressing is performed. Not very capable The production is performed, and the difference in the specific gravity between the concave portion and the convex portion of the wood cement board A can be reduced, and the cracking of the wood cement board A and the case where the paint is sucked into the substrate can be improved, and these effects are the same as those in FIG. The manufacturing processes shown in 4 and 5 are the same. Moreover, it is possible to maintain the strength, water resistance, freeze resistance, and weather resistance of the wood cement board A, and it is possible to prevent the effects of requiring a large amount of paint, uneven coating, and the like, as well as the manufacturing shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. The process is the same.
再者，本發明係不限於上述實施例者。Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
在圖3、4所示的製造製程，亦可使設置於表面側之表層用原料混合物E、與設置於裏面側之表層用原料混合物E的混合不同，亦可不在裏面側設置表層用原料混合物E。In the manufacturing process shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the raw material mixture E for the surface layer provided on the surface side may be mixed with the raw material mixture E for the surface layer provided on the back side, or the raw material mixture for the surface layer may not be provided on the inner side. E.
又，如圖7所示，在將凹部形成於正交的2方向之情況時，準備朝長方向與短方向搬送之2個輸送機，在各自的輸送機的上方設置如圖2所示的裝置B，藉此能夠形成在2方向具有凹部之墊片。Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, when the concave portion is formed in two orthogonal directions, two conveyors that are transported in the longitudinal direction and the short direction are prepared, and the conveyors are placed above the respective conveyors as shown in FIG. The device B can thereby form a spacer having a concave portion in two directions.
其次，對含40質量%之作為水硬性材料的波特蘭水泥、38質量%之作為含矽酸物質的矽砂、各為11質量%之作為木質補強材的木片與紙漿之原料混合物，另外添加5質量%之作為硬化促進劑的硫酸鋁，藉由如圖5所示的木質水泥板的製造製程，製造如圖1所示的木質水泥板，在165℃、6kgf/cm2 下進行6小時之熱壓養護，獲得由單層所構成、全體之厚度為16mm的木質水泥板之實施例1。再者，在該木質水泥板，為了形成呈銳角且深度深之凹凸 形狀，將凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度設為4mm。用來將該木質水泥板的全體之厚度作成為16mm之墊片與模板的沖壓壓力為45kgf/cm2 。Next, a Portland cement containing 40% by mass of a hydraulic material, 38% by mass of a cerium containing a phthalic acid substance, and 11% by mass of a raw material mixture of wood chips and pulp as a wood reinforcing material, 5% by mass of aluminum sulfate as a hardening accelerator was added, and a wood cement board as shown in Fig. 1 was produced by a manufacturing process of a wood cement board as shown in Fig. 5, and was carried out at 165 ° C, 6 kgf / cm 2 Hour heat curing was carried out to obtain Example 1 of a wood cement board composed of a single layer and having a total thickness of 16 mm. Further, in the wood cement board, in order to form an uneven shape having an acute angle and a deep depth, the length from the vertex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion was set to 4 mm. The press pressure of the gasket and the stencil for making the thickness of the whole of the wood-cement board into 16 mm was 45 kgf/cm<2> .
又，作為其他實施例，對含38質量%之作為水硬性材料的波特蘭水泥、38質量%之作為含矽酸物質的矽砂、24質量%之作為木質補強材的紙漿之原料混合物，另外添加5質量%之作為硬化促進劑的硫酸鋁，作為表層的原料混合物，且對含40質量%之作為水硬性材料的波特蘭水泥、40質量%之作為含矽酸物質的矽砂、20質量%之作為木質補強材的木片之原料混合物，另外添加5質量%之作為硬化促進劑的硫酸鋁，作為芯層的原料混合物，藉由如圖3所示的木質水泥板的製造製程，製造圖1所示的木質水泥板，在165℃、6kgf/cm2 下進行6小時之熱壓養護，獲得由三層所構成、厚度為16mm的實施例2。再者，表層與芯層的混合比率，在質量比為1：4，即使在該木質水泥板，凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度也設為4mm。在實施例2，用來將木質水泥板的全體之厚度作成為與實施例1相同的16mm之墊片與模板的沖壓壓力為45kgf/cm2 。In addition, as another example, a Portland cement containing 38% by mass of a hydraulic material, 38% by mass of cerium containing a phthalic acid substance, and 24% by mass of a raw material mixture of a pulp as a wood reinforcing material are used. In addition, 5% by mass of aluminum sulfate as a curing accelerator is added as a raw material mixture of the surface layer, and 40% by mass of Portland cement as a hydraulic material and 40% by mass of cerium containing a phthalic acid substance are added. 20% by mass of a raw material mixture of wood chips as a wood reinforcing material, and 5% by mass of aluminum sulfate as a hardening accelerator, as a raw material mixture of the core layer, by a manufacturing process of the wood cement board as shown in FIG. The wood cement board shown in Fig. 1 was produced and subjected to hot press curing at 165 ° C and 6 kgf / cm 2 for 6 hours to obtain Example 2 composed of three layers and having a thickness of 16 mm. Further, the mixing ratio of the surface layer to the core layer was 1:4, and the length of the apex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion was set to 4 mm even in the wood cement board. In Example 2, the entire thickness of the wood cement board was set to be the same as that of Example 1, and the stamping pressure of the 16 mm spacer and the template was 45 kgf/cm 2 .
且，作為與實施例1進行比較者，針對實施例1的製造方法，實施除了僅對層積於模板的凹部之部分的原料混合物，由上側進行加壓一事、與將一部分被加壓的墊片之表面均勻化一事以外的製程，獲得由單層所構成之比較例1。再者，在比較例1，用來將木質水泥板的全體之厚度作成為與實施例1相同的16mm之墊片與模板的沖壓壓力為 50kgf/cm2 。Further, as a comparison with the first embodiment, in the production method of the first embodiment, a raw material mixture which is only a portion of the concave portion laminated on the template is pressed, and the pressure is applied from the upper side and the portion is pressurized. In the process other than the surface homogenization of the sheet, Comparative Example 1 composed of a single layer was obtained. Further, in Comparative Example 1, the thickness of the entire wood cement board was set to be the same as that of Example 1, and the press pressure of the shims and the stencil of the same example was 50 kgf/cm 2 .
且，作為與實施例2進行比較者，針對實施例2的製造方法，實施除了僅對層積於模板的凹部之部分的原料混合物，由上側進行加壓一事、與將一部分被加壓的墊片之表面均勻化一事以外的製程，獲得由三層所構成之比較例2。再者，在比較例2，用來將木質水泥板的全體之厚度作成為與實施例2相同的16mm之墊片與模板的沖壓壓力為50kgf/cm2 。Further, as a comparison with the second embodiment, in the production method of the second embodiment, a raw material mixture which is only a portion of the concave portion laminated on the template is pressed, and the pressure is applied from the upper side and the portion is pressurized. In the process other than the surface homogenization of the sheet, Comparative Example 2 composed of three layers was obtained. Further, in Comparative Example 2, the entire thickness of the wood cement board was set to be the same as that of Example 2, and the press pressure of the 16 mm spacer and the template was 50 kgf/cm 2 .
針對上述實施例1、2及比較例1、2，測定各木質水泥板的全體之平均比重、及凸部、凹部的比重，並且，測定該木質水泥板表面的表面吸水量、及彎曲強度，予以顯示於表1。再者，彎曲強度係衣JIS A 1408，以試驗體500×400mm進行測定，表面吸水量係利用置框法進行測定，在塗裝板的表面設置0.2×0.2m的框，在該框內注入一定量的水之狀態下放置24小時，藉由數學式1算出測定前後的塗裝板的質量變化之值。With respect to the above-described Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the average specific gravity of the entire wood cement board and the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion were measured, and the surface water absorption amount and the bending strength of the surface of the wood cement board were measured. It is shown in Table 1. Further, the bending strength coat JIS A 1408 was measured in a test piece of 500 × 400 mm, and the surface water absorption amount was measured by a arranging method, and a frame of 0.2 × 0.2 m was placed on the surface of the coated plate, and the frame was injected therein. After a predetermined amount of water was allowed to stand for 24 hours, the value of the mass change of the coated plate before and after the measurement was calculated by Math.
如表1所示，在實施例1、2，其木質水泥板的全體之 平均比重、及凸部、凹部的比重為1.1以上，該凸部的比重與該凹部的比重之差較0.1小，且具優良之表面吸水量、及彎曲強度。但，在比較例1、2，因木質水泥板的全體之平均比重、及凸部的比重較1.1小、且，該凸部的比重與該凹部的比重之差較0.1大，所以，比起實施例1、2，比較例1、2之表面吸水量、及彎曲強度較差。As shown in Table 1, in the first and second embodiments, the whole of the wood cement board The average specific gravity and the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion are 1.1 or more, and the difference between the specific gravity of the convex portion and the specific gravity of the concave portion is smaller than 0.1, and the surface water absorption amount and the bending strength are excellent. However, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, since the average specific gravity of the entire wood cement board and the specific gravity of the convex portion are smaller than 1.1, and the difference between the specific gravity of the convex portion and the specific gravity of the concave portion is larger than 0.1, In Examples 1 and 2, the surface water absorption amount and the bending strength of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were inferior.
又，以與實施例1、2相同的製造方法，製造凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度為4mm、全體之厚度為8mm的木質水泥板時，在進行搬送時產生破損，強度弱。Further, in the same manufacturing method as in the first and second embodiments, when a wood cement board having a length of 4 mm from the apex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion and a total thickness of 8 mm was produced, damage occurred during the conveyance, and the strength was weak. .
且，以與實施例1、2相同的製造方法，製造凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度為1mm之木質水泥板時，在物性面上，與實施例1、2相同程度，但無法看到凹凸呈銳角，設計性差。In the same manner as in the first and second embodiments, when a wood cement board having a length of 1 mm from the vertex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion was produced, the physical properties were the same as in the first and second embodiments, but It is impossible to see that the unevenness is sharp and the design is poor.
如以上說明，若根據本發明之木質水泥板的話，因該木質水泥板的從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度為9mm以上，從該凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止之長度為2mm以上且從該凸部的頂點至該裏面為止之長度的一半以下，該木質水泥板的全體之平均比重、及凸部、凹部的比重分別為1.1以上，該凹部與該凸部的比重之差較0.1小，所以，強度充足，並且能夠防止在硬化養護製程、乾燥製程、運搬製程等，於木質水泥板產生龜裂之虞產生，且，可改善在塗裝製程中塗料被吸入至基材之情況。其結果，能夠 防止木質水泥板製品的強度、耐水性、耐凍性、耐候性降低、需要大量的塗料、塗裝不均等之問題等產生。又，因木質水泥板的凸部的頂點至凹部的底點為止的長度為2mm以上、且該從凸部的頂點至裏面為止之長度的一半以下，所以，凹凸形狀呈銳角且深度深並具優良之設計性。在固定磁磚之情況，磁磚變得不易脫落。As described above, according to the wood cement board of the present invention, the length of the wood cement board from the apex of the convex portion to the inner side is 9 mm or more, and the length from the apex of the convex portion to the bottom point of the concave portion is 2 mm. In addition to the half of the length from the apex of the convex portion to the inside, the average specific gravity of the entire wood cement board and the specific gravity of the convex portion and the concave portion are each 1.1 or more, and the difference between the specific gravity of the concave portion and the convex portion is It is smaller than 0.1, so it has sufficient strength and can prevent cracking after the cracking of the wood cement board in the hardening curing process, the drying process, the transport process, etc., and can improve the suction of the paint to the substrate during the coating process. The situation. As a result, It prevents the strength, water resistance, frost resistance, weather resistance of wood cement board products from being reduced, and requires a large amount of paint, uneven coating, and the like. In addition, since the length from the apex of the convex portion of the wood cement board to the bottom point of the concave portion is 2 mm or more and half or less from the apex of the convex portion to the inner side, the uneven shape is acute and deep. Excellent design. In the case of a fixed tile, the tile becomes less likely to fall off.
A‧‧‧木質水泥板A‧‧‧Wood cement board
A1‧‧‧凸部A1‧‧‧ convex
B‧‧‧加壓墊片原料混合物的一部分之裝置B‧‧‧A device for a part of a pressurized gasket raw material mixture
B1‧‧‧旋轉軸B1‧‧‧Rotary axis
B2‧‧‧滾子部B2‧‧‧Roller
C‧‧‧模板C‧‧‧ template
C1‧‧‧模板的凹部C1‧‧‧ template recess
D‧‧‧沖壓板D‧‧‧Pressing plate
E‧‧‧表層用原料混合物E‧‧‧Material mixture for surface layer
E1‧‧‧表層用原料混合物已被加壓之部分Part of the E1‧‧‧ surface material mixture that has been pressurized
F‧‧‧芯層用原料混合物F‧‧‧ raw material mixture for core layer
F1‧‧‧芯層用原料混合物已被加壓之部分Part of the F1‧‧‧ core material mixture that has been pressurized
G‧‧‧原料混合物G‧‧‧Material mixture
G1‧‧‧原料混合物已被加壓之部分G1‧‧‧The portion of the raw material mixture that has been pressurized
圖1係顯示在表面具有凸部之木質水泥板的圖。Fig. 1 is a view showing a wood cement board having a convex portion on its surface.
圖2係顯示用於製造圖1所示的木質水泥板，對墊片原料混合物的一部分加壓之裝置的一實施例之圖。Figure 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a device for pressurizing a portion of a gasket stock mixture for use in the manufacture of the wood cement board of Figure 1.
圖3(A)~(H)係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以顯示之模式圖。3(A) to (H) are schematic diagrams showing the process flow for manufacturing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1 in accordance with the state of the gasket manufactured in each process.
圖4(A)~(H)係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程的其他例，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以顯示之模式圖。4(A) to (H) are schematic views showing other examples of the process flow for producing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1, which are displayed in accordance with the state of the gasket manufactured in each process.
圖5(A)~(F)係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程的其他例，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以顯示之模式圖。Fig. 5 (A) to (F) are schematic views showing other examples of the process flow for producing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1 in accordance with the state of the gasket manufactured in each process.
圖6(A)~(F)係將用來製造圖1所示的木質水泥板A之製程流程的其他例，依據在各製程所製造的墊片之狀態加以顯示之模式圖。Fig. 6 (A) to (F) are schematic views showing other examples of the process flow for producing the wood cement board A shown in Fig. 1 in accordance with the state of the gasket manufactured in each process.
圖7係顯示在表面之2方向具有凹部的木質水泥板之 圖。Figure 7 shows a wooden cement board having a recess in the direction of the surface 2 Figure.
B‧‧‧加壓墊片原料混合物的一部分之裝置B‧‧‧A device for a part of a pressurized gasket raw material mixture
B2‧‧‧滾子部B2‧‧‧Roller
C‧‧‧模板C‧‧‧ template
C1‧‧‧模板的凹部C1‧‧‧ template recess
D‧‧‧沖壓板D‧‧‧Pressing plate
E‧‧‧表層用原料混合物E‧‧‧Material mixture for surface layer
E1‧‧‧表層用原料混合物已被加壓之部分Part of the E1‧‧‧ surface material mixture that has been pressurized
F‧‧‧芯層用原料混合物F‧‧‧ raw material mixture for core layer
F1‧‧‧芯層用原料混合物已被加壓之部分Part of the F1‧‧‧ core material mixture that has been pressurized
Claims (4)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008092317A JP5548340B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-03-31 | Manufacturing method of wood cement board |
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| TW201240786A TW201240786A (en) | 2012-10-16 |
| TWI382910B true TWI382910B (en) | 2013-01-21 |
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| TW097145934A TW200940298A (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-11-27 | Wood cement board |
| TW101121318A TWI382910B (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2008-11-27 | Manufacture of woody cement board |
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| KR (1) | KR20110111276A (en) |
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| WO2010115212A1 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-07 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Cementitious articles, formulations, methods of making and uses |
| RU2466952C1 (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2012-11-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Cement wood mixture |
| ITUA20162261A1 (en) * | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-04 | Maria Luisa Bisognin | Ecological panel finished for wall fillings in raw fiber-reinforced clay with alternative hemp to the panels or slabs on the market and its procedure |
| RU2743743C2 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2021-02-25 | Нитиха Корпорейшн | Construction material and method of construction material production |
| JP7210132B2 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2023-01-23 | ニチハ株式会社 | Inorganic board and manufacturing method thereof |
| KR101991770B1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2019-10-01 | 오동주 | Environmental friendly wood chip block, panel and the manufacturing method thereof |
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- 2008-11-27 TW TW097145934A patent/TW200940298A/en unknown
- 2008-11-27 TW TW101121318A patent/TWI382910B/en active
- 2008-12-19 CA CA2647661A patent/CA2647661C/en active Active
- 2008-12-19 AU AU2008264147A patent/AU2008264147B2/en active Active
- 2008-12-22 DE DE102008055110.4A patent/DE102008055110B4/en active Active
- 2008-12-30 CN CN2008101907082A patent/CN101550743B/en active Active
-
2009
- 2009-01-09 US US12/351,035 patent/US20090242728A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2011
- 2011-09-28 KR KR1020110098156A patent/KR20110111276A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1177651A (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-23 | Kubota Corp | Manufacture of fiber-reinforced cement plate |
| JPH11170229A (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-06-29 | Okura Ind Co Ltd | Manufacture of cement molding plate with protrusion and recess pattern |
| JP2000317921A (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2000-11-21 | Okura Ind Co Ltd | Manufacture of cement molding plate having protrusion and recess pattern |
| JP2000317923A (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2000-11-21 | Okura Ind Co Ltd | Manufacture of cement molding plate having protrusion and recess pattern |
| JP2001150421A (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-05 | Nichiha Corp | Method for manufacturing woody cement plate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102008055110B4 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
| DE102008055110A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
| AU2008264147B2 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
| JP5548340B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
| KR20110111276A (en) | 2011-10-10 |
| AU2008264147A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
| JP2009242189A (en) | 2009-10-22 |
| CN101550743A (en) | 2009-10-07 |
| TW201240786A (en) | 2012-10-16 |
| CA2647661C (en) | 2013-05-14 |
| TW200940298A (en) | 2009-10-01 |
| CA2647661A1 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
| CN101550743B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| RU2392401C1 (en) | 2010-06-20 |
| RU2008144474A (en) | 2010-05-20 |
| US20090242728A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
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