TWI362613B - System and method for validating a memory file that links speculative results of load operations to register values - Google Patents
System and method for validating a memory file that links speculative results of load operations to register values Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI362613B TWI362613B TW094114201A TW94114201A TWI362613B TW I362613 B TWI362613 B TW I362613B TW 094114201 A TW094114201 A TW 094114201A TW 94114201 A TW94114201 A TW 94114201A TW I362613 B TWI362613 B TW I362613B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- job
- load
- speculative
- address
- storage
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/34—Addressing or accessing the instruction operand or the result ; Formation of operand address; Addressing modes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3824—Operand accessing
- G06F9/3826—Bypassing or forwarding of data results, e.g. locally between pipeline stages or within a pipeline stage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3824—Operand accessing
- G06F9/383—Operand prefetching
- G06F9/3832—Value prediction for operands; operand history buffers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3824—Operand accessing
- G06F9/3834—Maintaining memory consistency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3836—Instruction issuing, e.g. dynamic instruction scheduling or out of order instruction execution
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3836—Instruction issuing, e.g. dynamic instruction scheduling or out of order instruction execution
- G06F9/3838—Dependency mechanisms, e.g. register scoreboarding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3836—Instruction issuing, e.g. dynamic instruction scheduling or out of order instruction execution
- G06F9/3838—Dependency mechanisms, e.g. register scoreboarding
- G06F9/384—Register renaming
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3836—Instruction issuing, e.g. dynamic instruction scheduling or out of order instruction execution
- G06F9/3842—Speculative instruction execution
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3861—Recovery, e.g. branch miss-prediction, exception handling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/30—Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
- G06F9/38—Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
- G06F9/3824—Operand accessing
- G06F9/383—Operand prefetching
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Advance Control (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/839,474 US7263600B2 (en) | 2004-05-05 | 2004-05-05 | System and method for validating a memory file that links speculative results of load operations to register values |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200606709A TW200606709A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
| TWI362613B true TWI362613B (en) | 2012-04-21 |
Family
ID=34959784
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW094114201A TWI362613B (en) | 2004-05-05 | 2005-05-03 | System and method for validating a memory file that links speculative results of load operations to register values |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7263600B2 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP2007536626A (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN100424635C (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE112004002848B4 (https=) |
| GB (1) | GB2429557B (https=) |
| TW (1) | TWI362613B (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2005111794A1 (https=) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI652618B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-03-01 | 英特爾股份有限公司 | 用以管理儲存在硬體結構中的元素的方法與設備 |
Families Citing this family (44)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7571304B2 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2009-08-04 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | Generation of multiple checkpoints in a processor that supports speculative execution |
| US7376817B2 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2008-05-20 | P.A. Semi, Inc. | Partial load/store forward prediction |
| US20080010440A1 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2008-01-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Means for supporting and tracking a large number of in-flight stores in an out-of-order processor |
| US20080010441A1 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2008-01-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Means for supporting and tracking a large number of in-flight loads in an out-of-order processor |
| US7624253B2 (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2009-11-24 | Arm Limited | Determining register availability for register renaming |
| US20080162889A1 (en) * | 2007-01-03 | 2008-07-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for implementing efficient data dependence tracking for multiprocessor architectures |
| US7689812B2 (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2010-03-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for restoring register mapper states for an out-of-order microprocessor |
| US9069672B2 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2015-06-30 | Intel Corporation | Extended fast memory access in a multiprocessor computer system |
| US8521992B2 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2013-08-27 | International Business Machines Corporation | Predicting and avoiding operand-store-compare hazards in out-of-order microprocessors |
| US8468325B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2013-06-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Predicting and avoiding operand-store-compare hazards in out-of-order microprocessors |
| US9135014B2 (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2015-09-15 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc | Data processing system with latency tolerance execution |
| US9996348B2 (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2018-06-12 | Apple Inc. | Zero cycle load |
| US10467010B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-11-05 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for nearest potential store tagging |
| US10152327B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-11 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus for gating a load operation based on entries of a prediction table |
| US9471480B2 (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2016-10-18 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Data processing apparatus with memory rename table for mapping memory addresses to registers |
| GB2518022B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-09-23 | Imagination Tech Ltd | Stack saved variable value prediction |
| US11068271B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2021-07-20 | Apple Inc. | Zero cycle move using free list counts |
| GB2532232A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-05-18 | Ibm | Verifying a graph-based coherency verification tool |
| US9575897B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2017-02-21 | Centipede Semi Ltd. | Processor with efficient processing of recurring load instructions from nearby memory addresses |
| US20170010973A1 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-01-12 | Centipede Semi Ltd. | Processor with efficient processing of load-store instruction pairs |
| CN107710153B (zh) * | 2015-07-09 | 2022-03-01 | 森蒂彼得塞米有限公司 | 具有有效的存储器访问的处理器 |
| US10185561B2 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2019-01-22 | Centipede Semi Ltd. | Processor with efficient memory access |
| US10331357B2 (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-06-25 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Tracking stores and loads by bypassing load store units |
| US10908911B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2021-02-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Predicting and storing a predicted target address in a plurality of selected locations |
| US10884747B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2021-01-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Prediction of an affiliated register |
| US11150908B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2021-10-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dynamic fusion of derived value creation and prediction of derived values in a subroutine branch sequence |
| US10534609B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2020-01-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Code-specific affiliated register prediction |
| US10719328B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2020-07-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Determining and predicting derived values used in register-indirect branching |
| US10884745B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2021-01-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Providing a predicted target address to multiple locations based on detecting an affiliated relationship |
| US10884746B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2021-01-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Determining and predicting affiliated registers based on dynamic runtime control flow analysis |
| US11150904B2 (en) | 2017-08-18 | 2021-10-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Concurrent prediction of branch addresses and update of register contents |
| US10705973B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-07-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Initializing a data structure for use in predicting table of contents pointer values |
| US10620955B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-04-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Predicting a table of contents pointer value responsive to branching to a subroutine |
| US11061575B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2021-07-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Read-only table of contents register |
| US10896030B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2021-01-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Code generation relating to providing table of contents pointer values |
| US10725918B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-07-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Table of contents cache entry having a pointer for a range of addresses |
| US10884929B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2021-01-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Set table of contents (TOC) register instruction |
| US10713050B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-07-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Replacing Table of Contents (TOC)-setting instructions in code with TOC predicting instructions |
| US10620961B2 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2020-04-14 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus and method for speculative conditional move operation |
| US11334485B2 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2022-05-17 | Eta Scale Ab | System and method for dynamic enforcement of store atomicity |
| US11061683B2 (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-07-13 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Limiting replay of load-based control independent (CI) instructions in speculative misprediction recovery in a processor |
| US11200062B2 (en) | 2019-08-26 | 2021-12-14 | Apple Inc. | History file for previous register mapping storage and last reference indication |
| US11416254B2 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2022-08-16 | Apple Inc. | Zero cycle load bypass in a decode group |
| US11392387B2 (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2022-07-19 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Predicting load-based control independent (CI) register data independent (DI) (CIRDI) instructions as CI memory data dependent (DD) (CIMDD) instructions for replay in speculative misprediction recovery in a processor |
Family Cites Families (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5778219A (en) * | 1990-12-14 | 1998-07-07 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method and system for propagating exception status in data registers and for detecting exceptions from speculative operations with non-speculative operations |
| US5428807A (en) * | 1993-06-17 | 1995-06-27 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Method and apparatus for propagating exception conditions of a computer system |
| US5584009A (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 1996-12-10 | Cyrix Corporation | System and method of retiring store data from a write buffer |
| US5452426A (en) * | 1994-01-04 | 1995-09-19 | Intel Corporation | Coordinating speculative and committed state register source data and immediate source data in a processor |
| US5799179A (en) * | 1995-01-24 | 1998-08-25 | International Business Machines Corporation | Handling of exceptions in speculative instructions |
| US6237082B1 (en) * | 1995-01-25 | 2001-05-22 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Reorder buffer configured to allocate storage for instruction results corresponding to predefined maximum number of concurrently receivable instructions independent of a number of instructions received |
| US5751983A (en) * | 1995-10-03 | 1998-05-12 | Abramson; Jeffrey M. | Out-of-order processor with a memory subsystem which handles speculatively dispatched load operations |
| US5892936A (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 1999-04-06 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Speculative register file for storing speculative register states and removing dependencies between instructions utilizing the register |
| US6108769A (en) * | 1996-05-17 | 2000-08-22 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Dependency table for reducing dependency checking hardware |
| US5781752A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 1998-07-14 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Table based data speculation circuit for parallel processing computer |
| US6021485A (en) * | 1997-04-10 | 2000-02-01 | International Business Machines Corporation | Forwarding store instruction result to load instruction with reduced stall or flushing by effective/real data address bytes matching |
| US5845103A (en) * | 1997-06-13 | 1998-12-01 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Computer with dynamic instruction reuse |
| US6065103A (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 2000-05-16 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Speculative store buffer |
| US6044430A (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2000-03-28 | Advanced Micro Devices Inc. | Real time interrupt handling for superscalar processors |
| US6041405A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 2000-03-21 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Instruction length prediction using an instruction length pattern detector |
| US6112296A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 2000-08-29 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Floating point stack manipulation using a register map and speculative top of stack values |
| US6175910B1 (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 2001-01-16 | International Business Machines Corportion | Speculative instructions exection in VLIW processors |
| JPH11212788A (ja) * | 1998-01-28 | 1999-08-06 | Toshiba Corp | プロセッサのデータ供給装置 |
| US6202204B1 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 2001-03-13 | Intel Corporation | Comprehensive redundant load elimination for architectures supporting control and data speculation |
| US6108770A (en) * | 1998-06-24 | 2000-08-22 | Digital Equipment Corporation | Method and apparatus for predicting memory dependence using store sets |
| US6463580B1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2002-10-08 | Intel Corporation | Parallel processing utilizing highly correlated data values |
| US6349382B1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2002-02-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | System for store forwarding assigning load and store instructions to groups and reorder queues to keep track of program order |
| US6658554B1 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2003-12-02 | Wisconsin Alumni Res Found | Electronic processor providing direct data transfer between linked data consuming instructions |
| US6266744B1 (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2001-07-24 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Store to load forwarding using a dependency link file |
| US6393536B1 (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2002-05-21 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Load/store unit employing last-in-buffer indication for rapid load-hit-store |
| US6662280B1 (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2003-12-09 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Store buffer which forwards data based on index and optional way match |
| US6438673B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-08-20 | Intel Corporation | Correlated address prediction |
| US6643767B1 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2003-11-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Instruction scheduling system of a processor |
| US6675287B1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-01-06 | Ip-First, Llc | Method and apparatus for store forwarding using a response buffer data path in a write-allocate-configurable microprocessor |
| DE10121792C2 (de) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-09-25 | Ibm | Universelle Ladeadresse/Wertevorhersageschema |
| US6671780B1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2003-12-30 | Intel Corporation | Modified least recently allocated cache replacement method and apparatus that allows skipping a least recently allocated cache block |
| JP3497832B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-28 | 2004-02-16 | 株式会社半導体理工学研究センター | ロード・ストアキュー |
| US6883086B2 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2005-04-19 | Intel Corporation | Repair of mis-predicted load values |
| US7028166B2 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2006-04-11 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | System and method for linking speculative results of load operations to register values |
-
2004
- 2004-05-05 US US10/839,474 patent/US7263600B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-17 CN CNB2004800429401A patent/CN100424635C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-17 WO PCT/US2004/042683 patent/WO2005111794A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-12-17 JP JP2007511351A patent/JP2007536626A/ja active Pending
- 2004-12-17 DE DE112004002848T patent/DE112004002848B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-12-17 GB GB0622878A patent/GB2429557B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-05-03 TW TW094114201A patent/TWI362613B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI652618B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-03-01 | 英特爾股份有限公司 | 用以管理儲存在硬體結構中的元素的方法與設備 |
| US10289419B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-05-14 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for sorting elements in hardware structures |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7263600B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 |
| GB2429557B (en) | 2007-09-05 |
| CN1954290A (zh) | 2007-04-25 |
| WO2005111794A1 (en) | 2005-11-24 |
| GB0622878D0 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
| DE112004002848B4 (de) | 2010-06-17 |
| GB2429557A (en) | 2007-02-28 |
| JP2007536626A (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
| TW200606709A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
| CN100424635C (zh) | 2008-10-08 |
| US20050247774A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
| DE112004002848T5 (de) | 2007-04-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI362613B (en) | System and method for validating a memory file that links speculative results of load operations to register values | |
| US6950925B1 (en) | Scheduler for use in a microprocessor that supports data-speculative execution | |
| US7415597B2 (en) | Processor with dependence mechanism to predict whether a load is dependent on older store | |
| US6845442B1 (en) | System and method of using speculative operand sources in order to speculatively bypass load-store operations | |
| US7028166B2 (en) | System and method for linking speculative results of load operations to register values | |
| CN107851020A (zh) | 用于指令存储器效率的设备和处理架构 | |
| CN101395573A (zh) | 乱序处理器中的分布式记分板调度 | |
| US20090024842A1 (en) | Precise Counter Hardware for Microcode Loops | |
| TW201042543A (en) | Out-of-order execution microprocessor and operation method thereof | |
| CN105005463A (zh) | 具有世代重命名的计算机处理器 | |
| CN108196884A (zh) | 利用生成重命名的计算机信息处理器 | |
| EP1644823B1 (en) | Load store unit with replay mechanism | |
| TWI338249B (en) | System and method to prevent in-flight instances of operations from disrupting operation replay within a data-speculative microprocessor | |
| US7222226B1 (en) | System and method for modifying a load operation to include a register-to-register move operation in order to forward speculative load results to a dependent operation | |
| US7937569B1 (en) | System and method for scheduling operations using speculative data operands | |
| US7266673B2 (en) | Speculation pointers to identify data-speculative operations in microprocessor | |
| US7197630B1 (en) | Method and system for changing the executable status of an operation following a branch misprediction without refetching the operation | |
| KR20070019750A (ko) | 로드 동작의 투기적인 결과들을 레지스터 값들에 연결하는메모리 파일을 유효화하기 위한 시스템 및 그 방법 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |