TWI361042B - Device and method for controlling insects - Google Patents
Device and method for controlling insects Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI361042B TWI361042B TW095118165A TW95118165A TWI361042B TW I361042 B TWI361042 B TW I361042B TW 095118165 A TW095118165 A TW 095118165A TW 95118165 A TW95118165 A TW 95118165A TW I361042 B TWI361042 B TW I361042B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- ear tag
- collar
- weight
- composition
- animal
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K27/00—Leads or collars, e.g. for dogs
- A01K27/007—Leads or collars, e.g. for dogs with insecticide-dispensing means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K13/00—Devices for grooming or caring of animals, e.g. curry-combs; Fetlock rings; Tail-holders; Devices for preventing crib-biting; Washing devices; Protection against weather conditions or insects
- A01K13/003—Devices for applying insecticides or medication
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K11/00—Marking of animals
- A01K11/001—Ear-tags
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
- A01M2200/01—Insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S43/00—Fishing, trapping, and vermin destroying
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Description
1361042 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用於控制昆蟲之裝置及方法。 【先前技術】 多種最近研發之用於控制昆蟲之技術包括緩釋殺蟲劑技 術。具有包含於遍及最终裝置之基質中之殺蟲劑的驅蟲 條、頸圈、領圈及標籤之用途描述於美國專利3,318,679、 美國專利3,944,662、美國專利3,756,2〇〇、美國專利 3,942,480及美國專利4，195,075中。最後之專利描述一種含 有氰基-3-苯氧基·苄基·α·異丙基_4_氣苯基乙酸酯之殺蟲活 性異構體之昆蟲控制裝置。美國專利5，104,569描述使以往 不適於併入藉由擠壓及射出成型製備之裝置的殺蟲劑能夠 併入之經塗佈裝置。 在過去幾年中如殺蟲用動物耳標、頸圈及垂環之裝置漸 增之普及性已促使人們付出相當大的努力研發改進裝置以 克服隨著其使用漸增而變得明顯之問題。不斷尋求設計、 組合物及製造技術之改進，以便克服如破損及損耗之問 -題，且改進功效及應用簡易性。耳標會破損及損耗（例如美 國專利號3,731，414中所述）乃係因其尺寸、設計及附著方 法。導致耳標之某些部份在野外之延㈣間内遭受挽曲及 應力所致。另外，塑料標籤之破損或缺陷可能由併入會實 際削弱聚合物基質之活性成份或活性成份之混合物而引 起。此外’由於活性成份之特性，需注意確保該活性成份 在聚合物基質中能保持其殺蟲活性。 111024.doc 1361042 所：:：或裳造方法過程中活性組份之干擾或降解會導致 ,之=標之缺陷及破損，此乃為動物耳標製備中備受關注 * 活性組份濃度增加對於所得塑料標籤之強度而 . 5 ’為限制性之因素。 •本發月之-目的為提供*受上述偈限性限制之組合物及 裝置。 【發明内容】 • 本發明提供—種包含有效量之美特弗米（她f】umi2〇ne) 之』口物’其係用於恆溫動物之耳標、頸圈或垂環之形式。 該耳標可為單組份形式或雙組份形式之耳標，其可在延 長期間内承受野外存在之撓曲及應力壓力，藉此降低耳標 之破損及損耗。此耳標、頸圈或垂環有利地能夠保留高濃 度之美特弗米’藉此增加其功效及活性範圍，尤其是對於 侵擾放牧或在開放區域内渡過之牛、犬、客苗及其它怪溫動 物的昆蟲。本發明之兩部分型動物耳標之額外優勢為每次 蠊 殺蟲劑需替換時無需再刺穿動物耳朵即可替換第二組份。 在Λ施例中，本發明為一種動物耳標、頸圈或垂環，其 包含約40%至90%之熱塑性樹脂及1%至3〇%之美特弗米。視 情況亦可加入0.0%至4.0%之處理穩定劑、.〇 2%至1〇 〇%之 潤滑劑、0.3%至0.5%之螯合劑、1%至2·5%之熱處理穩定 劑、〇%至5.0。/。之流動劑、〇%至35 〇%之殺蟲增效劑及移動 促進劑、5.0%至25.0%之增塑劑或增塑劑混合物、〇·5至2.〇% 之著色劑及0至30%之一或多種額外之殺蟲劑。在另—實施 例中’將該組合物浸透或塗佈於天然或合成布料或纖維或 111024.doc 金屬絲或聚負7 @. '歸聚合物或共聚物之固態分散體之網狀基 買、，且份上以形成且 〜成耳標、頸圈或懸掛之垂環裝置。 【實施方式】 兩。P/7型耳標裝置或垂環中，經構造以便附著於動物 ’且伤可由幾乎任何適宜尺寸及強度之材料來構成。 圭第 、且伤由熱塑性樹脂材料如聚氯乙烯樹脂及聚胺 土甲彈性體或經浸透之布料、纖維或其它材料來製造。 ;本發月之兩部分型耳標或垂環實施例而言適宜之插 夹钳或環圈可為包括知型（bayonet type)系統之任何 ^十，其限制條件為其可將耳標或垂環保持在適當位置。 況可&用用於固定插針之構件且其可為設計之整體部 '刀或為獨立單元。美國專利號3,731，414(以引用方式併入本 文中）揭示一種適用於本發明之附著動物耳朵之較佳構件。 承載美特弗米之組份通常包含以重量計約4〇%至9〇%之 聚氯乙烯或其它熱塑性樹脂及約1%至30%之美特弗米。取 決於聚氣乙缔或所選擇之其它熱塑性樹脂之特性，其它可 選擇之組份可包括約〇.〇%至4 〇%之處理穩定劑如環氧化大 旦油，約0.02%至10.0%之潤滑劑如硬脂酸，約〇 3%至ο』％ 之螯合劑如《三壬醋，約〇.1%至2.5%之熱處理穩定劑如 硬脂酸鈣·鋅’約0%至5.0%之流動劑如Si〇2，約〇%至35〇% 之殺蟲增效劑及移動促進劑如胡椒基丁醚，約〇%至25〇% 之增塑劑或增塑劑混合物如鄰苯二f酸二辛酯 '鄰苯二甲 酸节丁自旨、鄰苯二甲酸二丁_、檸檬_、己二酸醋或癸 二酸醋及約1%至30%之額外殺蟲劑如三亞蟎(amitraz)、氟 111024.doc l36l〇42 蟲腈（Hpronil)、益達胺（imidachloprid) '百滅鸯 (permethrin)、除蟲菊素（pyrethrin)、胡椒基丁醚、蟲蜗产 (chlorfenapyr)或苯醚菊酯（fenothrin)。若需要，可加入約〇5 至2.0%之量的著色劑’尤其用以承載美特弗米之裝置提供 動物之區分》 美特弗米為一種新型殺蟲劑，其描述於美國專利 5,543,573及美國公開申請案2004-0122075A1中，兩者以弓| 用方式併入本文中。 承載美特弗米之組份可由較佳不同於第一組份之材料的 材料製造形成。此承載美特弗米之組份可在基質上，如天 然或合成布料或纖維網（例如芳族聚醯胺或聚酯）、金屬絲網 或聚氯乙烯聚合物或共聚物基質之固態分散體上藉由將美 特弗米-樹脂組合物塗佈、擠壓、共擠壓或浸透至基質上 製造。 。承載美特弗米之組份可藉由在摻合器中混合乾燥成份而 製備其摻合物，在，(:至⑽之溫度範圍内在摻合同時加 …垓扣合物且緩慢加入液態成份之混合物且混合直至獲得 相對乾燥之摻合物來製造。在混合的同時冷卻所得之均質 /。物*且加入並摻合可選擇之以〇2以獲得均質之乾摻合 物“接者可視情況將其模塑、擠壓或共擠壓至基質上，或 胳：可糟由擠壓使乾摻合物粒化且接著如上文所述視情況 =化乾摻合物模塑、擠壓或共擠麼至基質上且衝磨或切 ^ H或者’如美國專利5，1G4,569(以引用方 式併入本文Φ、邮· 4巨- 不’承載美特弗米之組份可藉由用含有 ϊ Ϊ l〇24.doc U01U42 '舌〖生成份之乙烯基分散液塗佈或浸潰基質來製備。另外， 此承載美特弗米之組份可含有一個以上之部分。個別部分 可包含相同或不同之成分且亦可提供不同之活性成份釋放 速率。該第二組份允許使用在單一部分中不相容之活性組 及以相同或不同之速率傳遞活性成份混合物之替代方 法。 對於些應用，已發現使用浸透、塗佈、擠壓或共擠壓 之單片设計之織物基質之標籤提供多種優於習知單片模製 才不籤之優勢。當將含有殺蟲活性成份或殺蟲活性成份之混 合物的組合物製造於天然或合成布料或纖維網或金屬絲網 質上時’可付到更強之耳標，其破損傾向性較低且因 此允許將更大範圍之組合物併入該標籤中。而且，單片基 質之動物耳標因其基質強度而不受限於附著於耳朵之構 件，如塑料糢製耳標。該等基質材料亦適用於形成頸圈或 垂環。 以如下非限制性實例進一步說明本發明。本文中所展示 之第一或第二組份意欲涵蓋包括不同形狀及尺寸之所有設 計改良。 實例1 單組份耳標或頸圈之製備 A.乾播合物 多種組合物之乾摻合物利用下表工所列之成份藉由換合 固態成份直獲得均質混合物且接著加熱該混合物至851來 製備。接著緩慢添加液態成份之混合物至經攪拌之混合物 111024.doc -10· 1361042 中。當將全部液體加入混合物中時，加熱該混合物至11〇<t 且攪拌10分鐘。冷卻經攪拌之摻合物至7(TC且加入足量 Si〇2以獲得自由流動之乾摻合物。接著冷卻乾摻合物至周 圍溫度且收集。
聚氣乙烯樹脂 環氧化大豆油 硬脂酸 磷酸三壬酯 硬脂酸Ca/Zn Si02 Hyp212P Hyp 21 IP HW 132P uv穩定劑5411 美特弗米 增塑劑混合物 鄰苯二甲酸苄丁酯 鄰苯二曱酸二丁酯 鄰苯二曱酸二辛酯 檸檬酸乙醯基三丁酯 己二酸二辛酯 表1 重量⑷ 100 10.88 0.54 0.65 1.96 0.71 0.44 0.76 1.09 0.65 17.74 至 40.00 18.9 至 46.0 分散體番吾。/n 44.4- 62.9 4.8- 6.8 0.2-0.3 0.3-0.4 0.9-1.2 0.3-0.4 0.2-03 0.3-0.4 0.5-0.7 03-0.4 7.9- 25.2 8.4- 29.5 B.粒化 可將上述A中所製備之組合物使用標準低剪切擠壓機在 通常300°F至350°F範圍内之高溫度下粒化。接著藉由空氣 細切將所得之擠壓材料切割成所要求之尺寸且包裝所得之 顆粒。 C.射出成型 將上述B中所製備之顆粒裝入350噸之壓力機中且溫度及 時間概況設定為325卞持續20秒。藉由射出成型或擠壓將組 111024.doc 1361042 合物模塑成所需之尺寸且包裝所得之組份。 另一製備單相耳標之方法為在室溫下乾摻合下列成份： 成份 改質之 PVC如 Superkleen® 聚氯乙婦樹脂（由AlphaGary出售） 美特弗米 著色劑（若需要）
將此等成份在適當混合器如帶式摻合器中乾摻合之後， 接著將其轉移至單或雙螺桿擠壓機中，其繼而饋料至射出 成形裝置以模塑成所要之形式或組態。 實例2 布料基質之美特弗米組份之製備 承載美特弗米之組份使用如實例1A描述所製備之乾摻合 物來製備，其含有每100份pvcf54重量份之美特弗米及Η 重量份之多種增塑劑。將此等乾摻合物粒化且擠壓至布料
69-89 10至 30 基質上且衝壓並沖切至提供殺蟲組份重約8公克之所需形 狀。 實例3 美特弗米塗料組合物之製傷 將180 g乙醯基檸檬酸三丁酯加入至具有12〇之固有黏度 及0.95微米之平均粒度的3〇〇 g乙烯基樹脂及視情況6名硬 脂酸Ca/Zn及9 g環氧化大豆油的經攪拌混合物中。向此經 攪拌混合物中加入1〇〇 g美特弗米（9〇%純）。攪拌所得之混 合物直至均質且接著在室溫686 mm/Hg下脫氣隔夜。' M1024.doc 12- ⑧ 1361042 實例4 含有美特弗米之兩片標籤之含美特弗米組份之製備 將固態基質預加熱至靴且浸入實例2中所製備之殺蟲 塗料組合物中。將所得之經塗佈之組份在啊至⑶以於 供箱中固化5·8分鐘’使得經塗佈之基質含有丨7 §至2 86 g 之美特弗米塗料組合物。 • 含有美特弗米之經塗佈基質之製備 (a)乙烯基分散液利用實例3之葙床 j I程序來製備且原料在下矣 Π中列出。 # τ π 成份 樹脂（固有黏度平均1 2〇) (粒度0.95微米） 鄰苯二甲酸丁苄酯 環氧化大豆油 硬脂酸Ca/Zn 二苯基酮紫外穩定劑 表II 重量（g) 分散體重量％ 300 49.72 180 29.82 9 1.49 6 0.99 2 0.33 加入至實例5(a)所製備之乙烯 一一〃只小农侑夹符弗米塗料組人 接著將所得之混合物在686 _/Hg之低財脫氣^ 提供適用於製備經塗佈之耳標裝置的美特弗米組合物。 ⑷接著可藉由塗佈且在9〇U135t下將所 基質固化2·Η)分鐘來製備耳標昆蟲控制裝置。' 1 I11024.doc 1361042 實例6 含有美特弗米及多種其它殺蟲劑之共擠壓雙層牛耳標 另一種製備雙層耳標之方法為製備兩種乾摻合之組合 物，一種含有美特弗米，且單獨地一種乾摻合物含有另一 殺蟲劑，其例如（但不限於）三亞蟎、氟蟲腈、益達胺、百滅 寧、除蟲菊素、胡椒基丁醚、蟲蟎腈、苯醚菊酯。 各層以相似方式來製備。
層1 改質之PVC Superkleen® 100份 10至40份 〇-1份 聚氣乙稀樹脂（由Alpha Gary出售 美特弗米 著色劑（若需要） 層2 改質之PVC Superkleen® 歸樹月θ (由Alpha Gary出 1 υυ份 乙醯基檸檬酸三丁醋或另一可接受之增㈣ 三亞蟎 著色劑（若需要） 至30份 各層單獨在如帶式換合器之裝置中經摻合2 裝載至雙進料㈣機中， 至射出成型裝置。螺_單二機繼而馈料 得，融基質注人模财（„騎標，、其料厚^可將所 重篁具有適當之尺寸)，在真空 子-及總耳標 溫下進行冷卻及固化。 ^接者經射出而於室 lli024.doc 1361042 實例7 單片基質動物耳標藉由撥壓至聚酯布料上之製備 • 藉由實例1之程序製備兩種乾摻合物，其含有以重量計 100份PVC、18.88份環氧化大豆油、0.54份硬脂酸、〇65份 碟酸三壬醋、1.96份硬脂酸Ca/Zn、0.44份HYP211、0.76份 HYP211、2.0份HW132、〇_65份UIV穩定劑、30份美特弗米、 一種具有18份鄰苯二甲酸苄丁酯（BBp)且另一種具有“份 • 乙醯基檸檬酸三丁酯（ATBC)»此等乾摻合物之各者藉由將 熔融物經輪廓模共擠壓至纖維網基質上而塗佈於該基質 上。將所得之經浸透基質切割成重約8·5公克之標準單片動 物耳標之形狀。 將此等殺蟲用耳標懸掛於用網狀布料覆蓋以保持將蒼蠅 限制於12χΐ7"χ9"之空間内的腔室中。各腔室容納一杯水且 供給糖及奶粉。 在測忒開始時，將約i 00隻3至5日齡之家蠅置放於各腔室 鲁 將腔至保存於82F之溫度的房間中。每天（週六及週曰 、卜）觀察蒼罐且紀錄死亡率。在研究終止時，將腔室置放 於冷凍室中隔夜以殺死剩餘之蒼蠅，對其進行計數。死亡 百分率基於觀察期間死亡蒼罐之數目及研究結束所計數之 蒼蠅數目來計算。 ϊ 1 J024.doc
Claims (1)
1361042 十、申請專利範圍： 第095118165號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍替換\(100年1〇月日 \ 1. 一種動物耳標、頸圈或垂環，其包含一種含有以重量計 40%至90%之熱塑性樹脂及1%至30%之美特弗米 (metaflumizone)之組合物。 2. 如請求項1之耳標、頸圈或垂環，其中該耳標係在天然或 合成布料或纖維網、金屬絲網或聚氯乙烯聚合物或共聚 物之固態分散體之基質上製造。 3_如°月求項1或2之耳標 '頸圈或垂環，其額外包含以重量 計：〇.〇%至4.0%之處理穩定劑、〇.2%至1〇 〇%之潤滑劑、 〇·3/。至0.5%之螯合劑、1%至2.5%之熱處理穩定劑、〇%至 5.0%之流動劑、0%至35.〇%之殺蟲增效劑及移動促進劑、 5.0%至25.0%之增塑劑或增塑劑混合物、〇 5至2 〇%之著 色劑及0至30%之一或多種額外之殺蟲劑。 4. : 5月求項1、2或3之耳標、頸圈或垂環，其中將該組合物 ，透或塗佈至天然或合成布料或纖維或金屬絲或聚氯乙 稀聚合物或共聚物之固態分散體之網狀基質組份上。 5. 如請求項1之耳標、 項圈或垂％，其中該組合物係藉由 壓或共擠壓來製造。 6. =:。耳標，_，_性樹 I (=:。3之耳標、頸—其額外包括… 種用於控制局部環境，之昆蟲之方法 使動物與如請求項 "· ^之耳軚、頸圈或垂環接觸。 HI024-100J005.doc
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EA200702600A1 (ru) | 2008-04-28 |
| ZA200710155B (en) | 2008-11-26 |
| EP1883293A1 (en) | 2008-02-06 |
| UY29546A1 (es) | 2006-10-31 |
| PL1883293T3 (pl) | 2011-01-31 |
| EP1883293B1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| KR20080015816A (ko) | 2008-02-20 |
| CY1110709T1 (el) | 2015-06-10 |
| BRPI0610141A2 (pt) | 2010-06-01 |
| PE20070046A1 (es) | 2007-01-19 |
| AR057318A1 (es) | 2007-11-28 |
| EA014550B1 (ru) | 2010-12-30 |
| US20060288955A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
| CN101179930B (zh) | 2011-05-11 |
| SI1883293T1 (sl) | 2010-09-30 |
| WO2006127407A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| TW200719821A (en) | 2007-06-01 |
| AU2006249431A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| CA2608590A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
| DE602006015182D1 (de) | 2010-08-12 |
| AU2006249431B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
| ES2346689T3 (es) | 2010-10-19 |
| NZ562640A (en) | 2010-12-24 |
| ATE472248T1 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
| EP2151161A3 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
| MX2007014771A (es) | 2008-02-20 |
| EP2151161A2 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
| AP2007004232A0 (en) | 2007-12-31 |
| CN101179930A (zh) | 2008-05-14 |
| JP2008541724A (ja) | 2008-11-27 |
| PT1883293E (pt) | 2010-08-31 |
| DK1883293T3 (da) | 2010-09-20 |
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