TWI354725B - Ultrafine short fiber nonwoven fabric, leather-lik - Google Patents

Ultrafine short fiber nonwoven fabric, leather-lik Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI354725B
TWI354725B TW93121251A TW93121251A TWI354725B TW I354725 B TWI354725 B TW I354725B TW 93121251 A TW93121251 A TW 93121251A TW 93121251 A TW93121251 A TW 93121251A TW I354725 B TWI354725 B TW I354725B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
fiber
leather
sheet
fine
woven fabric
Prior art date
Application number
TW93121251A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
TW200510602A (en
Inventor
Tomoyuki Horiguchi
Kyoko Yokoi
Kentaro Kajiwara
Original Assignee
Toray Industries
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toray Industries filed Critical Toray Industries
Publication of TW200510602A publication Critical patent/TW200510602A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI354725B publication Critical patent/TWI354725B/en

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/49—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation entanglement by fluid jet in combination with another consolidation means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D04H1/4383—Composite fibres sea-island
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/2395—Nap type surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/254—Polymeric or resinous material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/603—Including strand or fiber material precoated with other than free metal or alloy
    • Y10T442/607—Strand or fiber material is synthetic polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/627—Strand or fiber material is specified as non-linear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y10T442/635—Synthetic polymeric strand or fiber material
    • Y10T442/636—Synthetic polymeric strand or fiber material is of staple length
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637—Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
    • Y10T442/64—Islands-in-sea multicomponent strand or fiber material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/66—Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric
    • Y10T442/662—Needled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/66—Additional nonwoven fabric is a spun-bonded fabric
    • Y10T442/663—Hydroentangled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/682—Needled nonwoven fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/682—Needled nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/684—Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials
    • Y10T442/688—Containing polymeric strand or fiber material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/689—Hydroentangled nonwoven fabric

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
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1354725 九 &lt; 發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明特別是有關一種適合皮革樣片狀物之底布的極細 短纖維不織布、及其製法，更詳言之，係有關一種可減低皮 革樣片狀物之聚胺甲酸酯賦予量、強度物性優異的極細短纖 維不織布》 另外，本發明係有關一種可使用於鞋子、傢倶、衣料等 之充實感優異的皮革樣片狀物及其製法。更詳言之，係有關 主要由纖維原材料所成，具有充分質感、物性之皮革樣片狀 物及其製法》 【先前技術】 由極細纖維與高分子彈性體所成的皮革樣片狀物，具有 天然皮革沒有的優異特徵·，可廣泛地使用於各種用途。爲製 造該皮革樣片狀物時，一般採用在纖維片狀物中含浸聚胺甲 酸酯等之高分子彈性體溶液後，在水或有機溶劑水溶液中浸 漬該纖維片狀物，使高分子彈性體濕式凝固的方法。 然而，爲得強度、尺寸安定性等時使用多量聚胺甲酸酯 時，因聚胺甲酸酯之原料成本或製造工程的煩雜化等，致使 皮革樣片狀物爲高價品。而且，高分子彈性體變多時，容易 變成如橡膠之質感，不易得到類似天然皮革之充實感。另 外，爲含浸該聚胺甲酸酯時，一般使用N，N’-二甲基甲醯胺 等之水混合性有機溶劑。一般就作業環境而言，此等之有機 溶劑不爲企求。 此外，近年來以保護環境或資源等爲目的時重視回收 -5- 1354725 性/因此檢討例如聚酯之分解回收方法（例如專利文獻1)或 聚胺甲酸酯之分解方法（例如專利文獻2)。然而，此等方法 皆適合使用於主要爲單一成分者，於上述之纖維與聚胺甲酸 醋等高分子彈性體不離一體化的複合原材料中，由於各分解 方法不同故不適用。其次，各成分必須個別分離，一般而言 成本非常高，且無法完全分離。 另外，聚胺甲酸酯等被指摘因Nox氣體而容易變黃，無 法製得白色的絨毛調片狀物。 因此，企求減低聚胺甲酸酯等之高分子彈性體，或實質 上不含的皮革樣片狀物。 其次’爲解決此等課題時，以提高不織布本身之強度爲 有效的方法。提高不織布本身強度之方法，直至目前仍在不 斷檢討中。例如揭示使用纖維素等本身黏合性纖維，形成本 身黏合纖維束’然後以針刺法等方法予以片狀化後，藉由使 高速流體噴射於片板，使纖維束彼此、纖維束與單纖維及單 纖維彼此交絡’纖維束與單纖維所成的皮革樣片狀物用不織 布（例如專利文獻3)。然而，以該方法黏合纖維束時，於染 色時會發生色斑且會有表面品質或質感降低等之問題。此 外，由於藉由高速流體本身黏合的極細纖維之相當部分剝 離、絡合，故會有不易控制因處理斑而剝離 '產生斑的問題。 另外’提案進行針剌後，藉由進行高速流體處理的方 法’提高絡合的方法（例如專利文獻4、5)。該方法作爲提高 高速流體處理的交絡效率極爲有效。然而，有鑑於本發明人 等之見解’僅單純組合針刺處理與高速流體處理的方法，不 1354725 易製得維持令人滿足的物性或品質等’且可降低聚胺甲酸酯 之賦予量的不織布。 此外，揭示與上述不同的方法係使用低模數之聚酯纖維 與加熱收縮性聚酯纖維以進行針刺處理，然後進行加熱處理 及熱壓製處理，即使沒有含浸聚胺甲酸酯，仍可得具有充分 性能的皮革樣片狀物用基材（例如專利文獻6)。然而，有鑑 於本發明人等之見解，使如此所得的不織布、例如以液流染 色機等染色時大多因揉搓作用等導致破洞。 【專利文獻1】W001/30729號公報 【專利文獻2】日本特開平2001-348457號公報 【專利文獻3】日本特開昭52-12902號公報 【專利文獻4】日本特公平ι_18ΐ78號公報 【專利文獻5】日本特開平5_78986號公報 【專利文獻6】日本特公平7-62301號公報 【發明內容】 發明所欲解決的問頴 本發明係提供一種作爲皮革樣片狀物用基材特別有用之 具有充分強力的極細短纖維不織布、及其製法。另外，本發 明係提供一種即使實質上不含聚胺甲酸酯等之高分子彈性 體時，仍可具有充分品質、質感、物性，且回收性、耐變黃 性等優異的皮革樣片狀物及其製法。 解決間顆的丰跺 本發明爲解決上述課題時，具有下述構成。換言之，本 發明之極細短纖維不織布，其特徵爲包含單纖維纖度爲 -7- 1354725 0.00 01〜0.5分特、纖維長度爲10cm以下之短纖維，單位面 積重量爲 100〜550g/m2、纖維表觀密度爲 0.280〜 0.700g/cm3、拉伸強力爲70N/cm以上、撕裂強力3〜50N。 此外，本發明之極細短纖維不織布的製法，其特徵爲使 用可產生0.0001〜0.5分特極細纖維之1〜1〇分特的複合短 纖維，藉由針刺法製造複合短纖維不織布，然後以至少 lOMPa之壓力進行高速流體處理。 此外，本發明皮革樣片狀物之一形態，其特徵爲以不織 布構成，且實質上由非彈性聚合物之纖維原材料所成》 而且，本發明皮革樣片狀物之另一形態，其特徵爲包含 單纖維纖度爲〇·〇〇〇1〜0.5分特、纖維長度爲10cm以下、 單位面積重量爲100〜550g/m2、纖維表觀密度爲0.230〜 1).7 OOg/cm3之經染色所成的極細短纖維不織布，撕裂強力爲 3〜50N，且滿足下式。 拉伸強力（N/cm) 20.45X單位面積重量（g/m2)-40 其次，本發明皮革樣片狀物之製法的一形態，其特徵爲 包含單纖維纖度爲0.0001〜0.5分特、纖維長度爲10cm以 下之短纖維，使單位面積重量爲100〜550g/m2、纖維表觀密 度爲0.280〜0.7 00g/cm3、拉伸強力爲70N/cm以上、撕裂強 力爲3〜50N的極細短纖維不織布染色。 另外，本發明皮革樣片狀物之製法的另一形態，其特徵 爲使可產生0.0001〜0.5分特極細纖維之複合短纖維藉由針 刺處理絡合後，產生極細纖維作爲極細短纖維不織布，然後 以至少lOMPa之壓力進行高速流體處理予以再次絡合後，予 1354725 以染色。 發明效果 藉由本發明係提供特別適合於皮革樣片狀物之底布、強 度物性優異的極細短纖維不織布。而且，本發明可提供一種 可大量減低聚胺甲酸酯之賦予量，或完全不需賦予的高品質 皮革樣片狀物。 另外’藉由本發明可製得一種可使用於鞋子、傢倶、衣 料等之充實感優異的皮革樣片狀物。 【實施方式】 本發明之極細短纖維不織布係爲含有單纖維纖度爲 0.0001〜0.5分特所成者。單纖維纖度以0.001〜0.3分特較 佳，更佳者爲0.005〜0.15分特。若小於0.0001分特時，由 於強度降低故不爲企求》而且，若大於0.5分特時，會產生 質感變硬且絡合不充分、表面品質降低等之問題，故不爲企 求。此外，在不會損及本發明效果之範圍內，亦可含有大於 上述範圍之纖度的纖維。 單纖維纖度在上述範圍、即極細纖維之製法，沒有特別 的限制，例如直接使極細纖維紡紗的方法、使可產生一般纖 度纖維之極細纖維的纖維（極細纖維發生型纖維）紡紗，然後 產生極細纖維的方法。其次，使用極細纖維發生型纖維的方 法，例如有使海島型複合纖維紡紗後除去海成分的方法、使 分割型複合纖維紡紗後分割予以極細化的方法等之方法製 造。於此等中，本發明中就可容易安定地製得極細纖維而 言，以藉由海島型複合纖維或分割型複合纖維製造較佳，另 1354725 由製 的維 色纖 染合 料複 染型 同 島 相海 以由 得藉 製以 易 ^一目 容而 可維 就纖 時細 物極 狀之 片成 樣所 革物 皮合 爲聚 作種 外同 造更佳》 本發明之海島型複合纖維係指使2成分以上之成分在任 意階段複合、混合，形成海島狀態之纖維，製得該纖維之方 法沒有特別的限制，例如（1)使2成分以上之聚合物以片粒 狀態混合紡紗的方法、（2)預先使2成分以上之聚合物捏合 予以片粒化後、紡紗的方法、（3)使熔融狀態的2成分以上 之聚合物在紡紗機的組件內、以靜止捏合器等混合的方法、 (4)使用特公昭44-18369號公報、特開昭54-116417號公報 等之噴嘴予以製造的方法等。於本發明中任何方法皆可良好 地製造，惟就容易選擇聚合物而言以採用上述（4)之方法較 佳。 於（4)之方法中’除去海島型複合纖維及海成分所得的島 纖維之截面形狀，沒有特別的限制，例如圓形、多角形' Y、 H、X、W' C、π型等。而且，所使用的聚合物種類沒有特別 的限制，惟就紡紗安定性或染色性而言以2〜3成分較佳， 特別是以海1成分' 島成分1成分之2成分構成更佳。此外， 此時之成分比對島纖維之海島型複合纖維而言重量比以 0.30〜0.99較佳 '更佳者爲0.40〜0.97、最佳者爲0.50〜 0.80。若小於0.30時，由於海成分之除去率變多致使成本提 高，不爲企求。另外’若大於0.99時，容易產生島成分彼 此之合流情形，就紡紗安定性而言不爲企求。 此外，所使用的聚合物沒有特別的限制，例如可視作爲 -10- 1354725 島成分之聚酯、聚醯胺' 聚丙烯、聚乙烯等適當用途而定予 以使用’就染色性或強度而言以聚酯、聚醯胺較佳。 本發明可使用的聚酯有由二羧酸或其酯形成性衍生物 及二醇或其酯形成性衍生物所合成的聚合物，只要是可作爲 複合纖維使用即可，沒有特別的限制。具體而言例如聚對酞 酸乙二酯'聚對酞酸三甲二酯、聚對酞酸四甲二酯'聚對酞 酸環伸己基二甲二酯、聚伸乙基-2,6-萘二甲酸酯、聚伸乙基 -1，2-雙（2-環苯氧基）乙烷·4,4’ —二羧酸酯等。本發明中最爲廣 泛使用者爲聚對酞酸乙二酯或主要含有對酞酸乙二酯單位 之聚酯共聚物。 本發明所使用的聚醯胺例如耐龍6、耐龍66、耐龍6 1 0、 耐龍12等具有醯胺鍵之聚合物。 作爲海島型複合纖維之海成分所使用的聚合物，只要是 具有較構成島成分之聚合物的溶解性、分解性爲高的化學性 質者即可’沒有特別的限制。視選擇構成島成分之聚合物而 定’例如可使用聚乙烯或聚苯乙烯等之聚烯烴' 5_鈉磺基異 駄酸、聚乙二醇、十三烷基苯磺酸鈉、雙酚Α化合物、異酞 酸、己二酸 '十三烷二酸、環己基羧酸等共聚合的聚酯等。 就妨紗安定性而言以聚苯乙烯較佳，惟就可在沒有使用有機 溶劑下容易除去而言’以具有颯基之共聚合聚酯較佳。該共 聚合比例就處理速度 '安定性而言以5莫耳％以上較佳，就 容易聚合或紡紗、延伸而言以2 0莫耳％以下較佳。於本發明 中較佳的組合有使用聚酯或聚醯胺 '或兩者作爲島成分，具 有聚苯乙烯或颯基之共聚合聚酯作爲海成分。 1354725 此等之聚合物中，爲提高隱蔽性時可在聚酯中添加氧化 鈦粒子等之無機粒子，其他可視各種目的而定添加潤滑劑、 顔料、熱安定劑、紫外線吸收劑、導電劑、蓄熱材、抗菌劑 等。 而且’有關製得海島型複合纖維的方法，沒有特別的限 制’例如使用上述（4)方法所示之噴嘴引取未拉伸紗後，藉 由濕熱或乾熱 '或兩者予以1〜3段延伸製得。 本發明中不織布之種類，就品質或質感優異而言必須爲 短纖維不織布。因此，上述纖維必須切成適當的長度，考慮 生產性或所得物之質感時爲10cm以下。較佳者爲7cm以 下。大於10cm之纖維長度時，在不會損害本發明效果之範 圍內亦可以含有。此外，下限値沒有特別的限制，可視不織 布之製法而定適當設定，惟小於0_1 cm時脫落情形變多，強 度或耐摩擦性等之特性有降低傾向，故以0.1cm以上較佳。 另外’此等之短纖維就充實感或強度而言以絡合較佳。而 且’本發明之極細短纖維不織布，考慮由該物所得的皮革樣 片狀物之強度等物性、品質等時，以各短纖維之纖維長度不 均一者較佳。換言之，於0.1〜10cm之纖維長度範圍內，以 短纖維與長纖維混合者較佳。例如0.1〜lcm(較佳者爲0.1 〜0.5cm)之短纖維、與1〜l〇cm(較佳者爲2〜7cm)之長纖維 混合的不織布。該不織布中擔任例如爲使纖維長度短的纖維 之表面品質提高或緻密化等，或纖維長度長的纖維可得高物 性等之效果。 使該纖維長度不同的纖維混合的方法沒有特別的限 -12- 1354725 制，例如使用島纖維長度不同的海島型複合纖維的方法、混 合具有各種纖維長度的短纖維的方法、變化作爲不織布之纖 維長度的方法等。於本發明中就特別可容易製得纖維長度混 合的不織布而言、就可在任何階段產生適合下述2種絡合方 法之纖維長度而言，以採用變化作爲不織布之纖維長度的方 法較佳。例如藉由對不織布之厚度方向而言垂直的2張以上 予以分裂之方法（分裂處理），可容易製造於分裂處理前可以 爲單一纖維長度、或於分裂處理後由各種不同纖維長度所成 的不織布。此處所指的分裂處理係爲類似一般天然皮革之分 割處理的處理，例如藉由室田製作所（股）之濾割機等予以進 行者。 而且，使用分割型複合纖維時，主要在噴嘴內使2成分 以上複合，且以上述海島型複合纖維之製法爲基準予以進 行。 製造本發明極細短纖維不織布之方法，以採用組合針刺 法與高速流體處理的方法較佳，就進行針刺法而言形成纖維 長度爲1〜10cm'較佳者爲3〜7cm纖維之不織布，然後使 2張以上垂直於厚度方向者分裂處理，以產生短纖維，藉由 進行高速流體處理可容易製得物性優異、具有緻密的表面感 之極細短纖維不織布。 使短纖維不織布化的方法可採用使纖維網切斷或十字 交絡、使用無規纖維網所得的乾式法、或藉由抄紙法等之濕 式法’惟本發明以可容易組合針刺法與高速流體處理的2種 絡合方法之乾式法較佳。於絡合處理時爲可適度拉伸或停止 -13- 1354725 拉伸時’或爲提高所得不織布之強度等物性時，亦可使其他 織物、編物、不織布一體化。 其次’本發明之極細短纖維不織布之單位面積重量爲 100〜550g/m3。較佳者爲120〜450g/m3、更佳者爲140〜 3 5 0g/m3。若小於l〇〇g/m3時，不僅不織布構造物之物性降 低’且於積層織物及/或編織物時表面上容易見到織布及/或 編織物之外觀，導致品質降低，故不爲企求》若大於5 50g/m3 時，會有耐摩擦性降低的傾向，故不爲企求。另外，纖維表 觀密度爲 0.280〜0.700g/m3。纖維表觀密度以 0.300〜 0.600g/m3較佳、更佳者爲 0.330〜0_500g/m3。若小於 0.28 0g/cm3時，進行染色時會產生破裂或起毛球等情形，不 易得到充分強度或耐摩擦性。若大於0.700g/cm3時，會有類 似紙之質感，故不爲企求。 而且，纖維表觀密度係藉由115 1^1096 8.4.2(1999)以測 定單位面積重量，然後測定其厚度，再求取所得纖維表觀密 度之平均値作爲纖維表觀密度。此外，測定厚度係使用針盤 震動指示器（（股）尾崎製作所製、商品名”皮克谷（譯音）H”）， 測定1 〇個試樣，使用其平均値。本發明之纖維表觀密度係 指纖維原材料之表觀密度。因此，例如含浸纖維原材料外之 樹脂的不織布構造體時，係表示除去樹脂之纖維原材料的表 觀密度。 另外，本發明之極細短纖維不織布，縱及橫方向之任一 拉伸強力爲70N/cm以上。縱及橫方向之任一拉伸強力以 80N/cm以上較佳。縱或橫方向之任一拉伸強力小於70N/cm -14- 1354725 時，例如爲皮革樣片狀物時於繼後的高次加工工程中工程通 過性不佳，會有產生破裂或尺寸變化等之傾向，故不爲企 求。而且，爲皮革樣片狀物時爲得到充分物性時會有必須賦 予多量聚胺甲酸酯等之問題。此外，上限値沒有特別的限 制，惟通常爲200N/cm以下。拉伸強力係藉由Jis L 1096 8.1 2.1 (1999)，採取寬度5cm、長度20cm之試樣，且以樣本 間隔10cm、定速伸長型拉伸試驗器、拉伸速度l〇cm/分伸長 予以求取。由所得値求取相當於寬度lcm之荷重作爲拉伸強 力（單位；N/cm)。爲得此等之強度時，所使用的纖維強度以 2cN/分特以上較佳。 另外，本發明之極細短纖維不織布，縱及橫方向之任一 撕裂強力皆爲3〜50N。縱及橫方向之任一撕裂強力皆以5 〜3 0N較佳。若縱及橫方向之任一撕裂強力小於3N時，工 程通過性降低’且不易安定生產。反之’縱及橫方向之任一 撕裂強力大於50N時，一般而言會有過於柔軟化的傾向，不 易取得與質感之平衡性，故不爲企求。而且，撕裂強力以JIS L 1096 8.15.1(1999)D法（擺錘法）爲基準測定 爲得此等之撕裂強力時，可使纖維表觀密度調整於適當 範圍內予以達成，一般而言會有高密度化與強力降低的傾 向。 本發明之極細短纖維不織布，另於視用途所進行的後工 程中爲防止片板變形或破裂時，縱方向之1 0%模數以8N/cm 以上較佳，更佳者爲1 0 N / c m以上。而且，上限値沒有特別 的限制，惟若大於50N/cm時質感變硬且作業性降低，故不 -15- 1354725 爲企求。以上述製法製造時，藉由充分進行針刺處理或高速 流體處理，可提高10%模數之値。此外，亦可藉由積層織物 及/或編織物等予以增加。 另外，此等之値當然可藉由實施染色處理或揉搓處理予 以降低，惟在進行此等處理前之極細短纖維不織布階段時， 在本發明範圍內可容易製得較佳的工程通過性、與良好品質 之皮革樣片狀物。 而且，10%模數係爲與拉伸強力之測定方法相同地進 行，以10%伸長時之強力作爲其値。 如此所得的本發明之極細短纖維不織布，即使僅由纖維 原材料所成時，由於藉由堅固絡合、例如即使液流染色機之 強力揉搓作用仍不易產生破裂等情形，故具有良好的工程通 過性。因此，本發明之極細纖維不織布適合使用作爲皮革樣 片狀物底布。例如使用本發明之極細短纖維不織布時，在沒 有使用聚胺甲酸酯等之高分子彈性體、或較習知少量的使用 量下，仍可製得具有充實感之皮革樣片狀物。例如對適合的 纖維原材料而言藉由賦予10重量％以下之高分子彈性體，可 製造具有充實感之皮革樣片狀物。而且，特別是實質上不含 高分子彈性體之構造，仍可製造具有充實感之良好質感、物 性、品質之皮革樣片狀物。因此，視目的之質感或物性等而 言可賦予適當的高分子彈性體。 而且，本發明之極細短纖維不織布，由於具有高物性與 緻密的構造，故除皮革樣片狀物外可使用於砂布、過濾器、 雨刷、斷熱材、吸音材等。 -16- 1354725 其次，說明有關製造本發明極細短纖維不織布之方法 例。 製得本發明極細短纖維不織布之較佳方法，使用可產生 極細纖維之1〜10分特的複合纖維，藉由針刺法製造複合短 纖維不織布，然後以至少lOMPa以上之壓力高速流體處理， 例如藉由水流進行水噴式穿孔處理。藉由組合該針刺法與高 速流體處理，可進行高度絡合。 該複合短纖維不織布藉由針刺處理，較佳的纖維表觀密 度爲 0.120 〜0.300g/cm3、更佳者爲 0.150 〜0.250g/cm3。若 小於0.12 Og/cm3時，絡合不充分、不易製得目的之物性。而 且，上限値沒有特別的限制，惟若大於〇.300g/cm3時，由於 會產生刺針彎曲或殘留針穴等之問題，故不爲企求。 而且，進行針刺處理時，複合纖維之單纖維纖度以1〜 10分特較佳，更佳者爲2〜8分特，最佳者爲2〜6分特。若 單纖維纖度小於1分特或大於10分特時，藉由針刺處理之 絡合不充分，不易製得良好物性之極細短纖維不織布》 本發明之針刺處理以不僅具有爲得工程通過性時之假 停止效果，且可使纖維充分絡合較佳。因此，較佳者爲1〇〇 條/cm2以上之打進密度，更佳者爲500條/cm2以上，最佳者 爲1000條/cm2以上。 如此所得的複合短纖維不織布，以藉由乾熱或濕熱、或 兩者收縮，另予以高密度化較佳。 其次，於極細化處理後或極細化處理同時、或與極細化 處理同時且之後，進行高速流體處理，進行極細纖維彼此之 -17- 1354725 絡合較佳。可使高速流體處理兼具極細化處理，或可於至少 大部分極細化處理完成後進行高速流體處理，就極細纖維彼 此進行絡合而言較佳，另外，於進行極細化處理後進行高速 流體處理較佳。 極細化處理之方法沒有特別的限制，例如機械方法、化 學方法。機械方法係爲藉由物理性刺激予以極細化的方法， 例如除上述針剌法或水噴式穿孔法等之衝擊方法外，例如在 滾筒間加壓的方法、進行超音波處理的方法等。而且，化學 方法例如對至少構成複合纖維之一成分而言，藉由藥劑予以 膨脹、分解、溶解等變化的方法。特別是以使用鹼易分解性 海成分所成極細纖維發生型纖維製作複合短纖維不織布，然 後以中性〜鹼性水溶液處理、極細化的方法，就沒有使用溶 劑之作業環境而言較佳，係爲本發明較佳形態之一。此處所 指的中性〜鹼性水溶液係爲具有pH6〜1 4之水溶液，對於所 使用的溶劑沒有特別的限制。例如以含有有機或無機鹽類之 水溶液、具有上述範圍之pH者即可，例如氫氧化鈉、氫氧 化鉀、氫氧化鋰、碳酸鈉、碳酸氫鈉等之鹼金屬鹽、氫氧化 鈣、氫氧化鎂等之鹼土類金屬鹽類等。視其所需可倂用三乙 醇胺、二乙醇胺、單乙醇胺等之胺或減量促進劑、載體等。 其中，氫氧化鈉以價格或處理容易性等而言較佳。另外，以 在片板上實施上述中性〜鹼性水溶液處理後，視其所需中 和、洗淨，除去殘留的藥劑或分解物等後，進行乾燥較佳。 同時進行此等極細化處理與高速流體處理之方法，例如 使用由水可溶性海成分所成的複合纖維、藉由水噴式穿孔進 -18- 1354725 行除去與絡合的方法，使用鹼分解速度不同的2成分以上之 複合纖維、通過鹼處理液以使易溶解成分分解處理後 '藉由 水噴式穿孔進行最終除去及絡合處理的方法等。 高速流體處理就作業環境而言以進行使用水流之水噴 式穿孔處理較佳。此時，水以柱狀流之狀態進行較佳。爲得 柱狀流時，通常自直徑0.06〜1.0mm之噴嘴以壓力1〜60MPa 噴出製得。該處理爲可得有效的絡合性與良好的表面品質 時，噴嘴之直徑爲0.06〜0.15mm、間隔爲5mm以下較佳， 更佳者直徑爲0.06〜0.12mm、間隔爲lmm以下。此等之噴 嘴規格於數次處理時不需全部爲相同的條件，例如可倂用大 孔徑與小孔徑之噴嘴，以至少一次使用上述構成之噴嘴較 佳。特別是直徑大於〇.15mm時，極細纖維彼此之絡合性降 低、且表面容易產生起毛球情形、表面平滑性降低，故不爲 企求。因此，噴嘴孔徑以小者較佳，小於0 · 0 6 m m時由於容 易產生噴嘴堵塞的問題，就使水高度過濾的必要性而言會有 成本提高的問題，故不爲企求。而且，以達成厚度方向均勻 交絡爲目的、及/或提高不織布表面之平滑性爲目的時，較 佳者爲以數次重複處理。另外，水流壓力係視處理的不織布 之單位面積重量而定適當選擇，高單位面積重量者以高壓方 較佳。此外，以使極細纖維彼此高度絡合爲目的時以至少-次以lOMPa以上之壓力處理較佳，更佳者爲15MPa以上。 而且，上限値沒有特別的限制，由於壓力上升時成本變高， 且具有低單位面積重量之不織布不均勻，纖維切斷而產生# 叉情形，故較佳者爲40MPa以下、更佳者爲30MPa以下。 -19- 1354725 換言之’係利用1〜1 0分特之纖維在粗狀態下藉由針刺處理 之絡合優異，在0.0001〜0.5分特之極細範圍內藉由高速流 體處理之絡合優異的傾向。爲組合此等之纖維纖度與絡合方 法時，使用纖度1〜10分特之極細纖維發生型複合纖維，藉 由針刺處理充分絡合，再使製得的0.000 1〜0.5分特之極細 纖維進行極細化處理後'或極細化處理同時、或極細化處理 同時及之後進行高速流體處理，進行高速流體處理較佳。 其次，說明有關本發明之皮革樣片狀物。 本發明皮革樣片狀物之一形態係以不織布構成、且實質 上由非彈性聚合物之纖維原材料所成的皮革樣片狀物。此處 之皮革樣片狀物有如天然皮革之絨毛、nubuck、銀面等具有 優異表面外觀所成者，特別是本發明中較佳者爲絨毛或 nubuck之毛絨狀外觀中具有平滑觸感與優異的輕量效果 者。一般稱爲合成皮革與人工皮革之皮革樣片狀物係爲聚胺 甲酸酯等之高分子彈性體與纖維材料所構成，惟本發明皮革 樣片狀物之一形態係實質上不含聚胺甲酸酯等之高分子彈 性體、實質上由非彈性聚合物之纖維材料所成者。此處所指 的非彈性聚合物之纖維係指除聚醚酯系纖維或稱爲斯潘德 克斯纖維等之聚胺甲酸酯纖維等橡膠狀彈性優異的纖維外 的聚合物。具體而言，例如聚酯、聚醯胺、聚丙烯、聚乙烯 等所成的纖維。以構成上述極細短纖維不織布之聚合物較 佳。藉由實質上非彈性聚合物之纖維原材料所成，可達成不 具橡膠感而具有充實感之質感。而且，另可達成易回收性、 高發色性、高耐光性、耐變黃性等之各種效果。特別是爲進 -21- 1354725 行化學回收時’纖維原材料以由聚對酞酸乙二酯或耐龍6所 成者較佳。此外’本發明皮革樣片狀物之一形態，以全部不 含聚醚酯系纖維或斯潘德克斯纖維等之聚胺甲酸酯系纖維 等高分子彈性體者最佳’惟在不脫離本發明效果之範圍內亦 可包含高分子彈性體。另外，亦可含有例如染料、柔軟劑、 質感調整劑、剝離防止劑、抗菌劑、消臭劑、疏水劑、耐光 劑、耐候劑等之機能性藥劑。 本發明皮革樣片狀物之一形態，必須至少以不織布構 成，藉此可製得如皮革之質感。而且，含有不織布者即可， 亦可含有積層編織物等者，僅由編織物所成者時，不易得到 良好質感。 另外，皮革樣片狀物可以爲附銀調或毛絨狀等，僅由纖 維原材料所成時，特別是由於毛絨狀者可得較佳的表面品 質，以至少一面經起毛較佳。爲得附銀調表面時，與習知形 成聚胺甲酸酯等之樹脂層者不同，以在表面上形成超高密度 纖維層的方法較佳。而且，本發明之皮革樣片狀物，雖實質 上由纖維原材料所成者，惟與單純的不織布不同，具有類似 一般的天然皮革或人工皮革的表面品質者。 該皮革樣片狀物特別是以單纖維纖度爲0.0001〜0.5分 特之極細纖維所構成較佳 '更佳者爲0.0 05〜0.15分特、最 佳者爲0.005〜0.1分特。 製得由該纖維原材料所成的皮革樣片狀物之方法，沒有 特別的限制，例如可使用上述本發明極細纖維不織布製造。 小於0.0001分特時由於強度降低、發色性降低不爲企求’ -22- 1354725 若大於〇·5分特時由於質感變硬、表面品質易降低不爲企 求。而且，在不會損害本發明效果之範圍內亦可含有大於上 述範圍之單纖維纖度的纖維。 因此，該皮革樣片狀物以經染色較佳。 其次，本發明皮革樣片狀物之另一形態，其特徵爲包含 單纖維纖度0.0001〜0.5分特、纖維長度10cm以下、單位 面積重量100〜550g/m2、纖維表觀密度0.230〜0.700g/cm3 之經染色所成的極細短纖維不織布，撕裂強力爲3〜50N， 且可滿足下式。 拉伸強力（N/cm) 2 0·45χ單位面積重量（g/m2)-40 單纖維纖度爲〇.〇〇01〜0.5分特、較佳者爲0.001〜0.3 分特、更佳者爲0.005〜0.15分特、最佳者爲0.005〜0.1分 特。若小於0.000 1分特時，由於強度降低，故不爲企求。 而若大於0.5分特時，由於質感變硬' 或表面品質降低等問 體產生，故不爲企求。而且，在不會損及本發明效果之範圍 內，亦可含有大於上述範圍之纖度的纖維。 另外，就品質或質感優異而言，本發明之皮革樣片狀物 包含短纖維不織布’其纖維長度爲l〇cm以下。纖維長度以 7cm以下較佳。爲大於i〇cm之纖維長度者時，在不會損及 本發明之效果內亦可含有。此外，下限値沒有特別的限制， 可視不織布之製法適當設定，若小於〇.lcm時由於脫落情形 變多’且強度或摩擦等之特性有降低傾向，故不爲企求。而 且’就考慮強度等之物性、品質等時，以纖維長度不均一者 較佳。換言之，在0.1〜10cm之纖維長度範圍內，以混合短 1354725 纖維與長纖維較佳。例如混合0.1〜lcm(較佳者爲0.1〜 0.5 cm)之短纖維、與1〜10cm(較佳者爲2〜7cm)之長纖維的 不織布。此處，例如短纖維可達成提高表面品質或緻密化 等’且長纖維可達成局物性等之效果。 皮革樣片狀物之單位面積重量爲100〜550g/m2、較佳者 爲120〜450g/m2、更佳者爲140〜350g/m2。若小於l〇〇g/m2 時，由於物性降低’織物及/或編織物積層時在表面上容易 看到織物及/或編織物之外觀，導致品質降低，故不爲企求。 而且，大於550g/m2時，由於耐摩擦性有降低傾向，故不爲 企求。另外，該皮革樣片狀物之纖維表觀密度爲0.230〜 0.700g/cm3°纖維表觀密度以0.280〜0.650g/cm3較佳、更佳 者爲0.300〜0.6 00g/cm3 »若小於0.230 g/cm3時，特別是由 於耐摩擦性降低，故不爲企求。而且，若大於0.700 g/cm3 時，由於質感變硬，不爲企求》 本發明皮革樣片狀物之縱及橫方向的撕裂強力皆在3〜 5 ON之範圍，縱及橫方向的撕裂強力皆以5〜30N較佳、更 佳者爲10〜25N。若小於3N時，除容易破裂外，工程通過 性降低且不易安定生產。而若大於50N時，一般有過於柔軟 化的傾向，不易取得與質感之平衡性，故不爲企求。爲得此 等之撕裂強力時，藉由使纖維表觀密度調整於適當範圍達 成，一般而言高密度化時會有強力有降低的傾向。而且，亦 可藉由揉搓加工等柔軟化予以提高。 縱及橫方向的拉伸強力皆必須滿足下式。 拉伸強力（N/cm) 2 0.45x單位面積重量（g/m2)-40 -24- 1354725 若拉伸強力爲沒有滿足該式之範圍時，特別是實質上不 含高分子彈性體之皮革樣片狀物中，由於可能會有破裂等問 題產生，故不爲企求。而且，上限値沒有特別的限制，通常 爲250N/cm以下。 而且，縱及橫方向的拉伸強力皆以滿足下式較佳。 拉伸強力（N/cm) 2 0.5x單位面積重量（g/m2)-40 此外，縱及橫方向的拉伸強力皆以滿足下式更佳。 拉伸強力（N/cm) 2 0·6χ單位面積重量（g/m2)-40 本發明之皮革樣片狀物，只要是不含聚胺甲酸酯等之高 分子彈性體、實質上由纖維原材料所成即可，除具有充實感 之質感外，由於回收性等優異，故較佳。而且，同樣地纖維 原材料以不含斯潘德克斯纖維等之彈性聚合物所成的纖 維，由非彈性聚合物所成的纖維較佳。 另外，本發明之皮革樣片狀物可以爲附銀調或毛絨狀 等，由於毛絨狀可得較佳的表面品質，故以至少一面經起毛 者較佳。 此外，在構成皮革樣片狀物之纖維原材料中含有微粒子 時，就耐摩擦性而言較佳。特別是纖維原材料之極細纖維彼 此爲絡合的構造更佳，藉由微粒子存在可得大的耐摩擦性提 高效果。 此處所指的微粒子之材質爲不溶於水即可，沒有特別的 限制，例如二氧化砂、氧化鈦、氧化鋁、雲母等之無機物質、 或蜜胺樹脂等之有機物質。而且，微粒子之平均粒徑以0.001 〜30/zm較佳 '更佳者爲0.01〜20/zm'最佳者爲0.05〜 -25- 1354725 10 // m。若小於0.001 # m時不易得到企求的效果，而若大於 3〇/zm時會因自纖維脫落致使洗濯耐久性降低。而且，平均 粒徑可使用視材質或尺寸大小而定的測定方法、例如bet 法或雷射法、煤焦油法予以測定。 此等之微粒子可在可發揮本發明效果之範圍內適當調 整使用量，以0.01〜10重量％較佳、更佳者爲0.02〜5重量 %、最佳者爲0.05〜1重量％。若爲〇.〇1重量％以上時，可 顯著發揮耐摩擦性之提高效果，量愈增加時其效果愈大的傾 向。惟大於10重量％時會有質感變硬的情形，故不爲企求。 而且’爲防止微粒子脫落、提高耐久性時，以併用少量樹脂 較佳。 此外，爲得柔軟質感與平滑的表面觸感時，本發明之皮 革樣片狀物以含有柔軟劑較佳。柔軟劑沒有特別的限制，視 纖維種類適當選擇一般編織物所使用者。例如染色手冊第23 版（發行所色染社股份有限公司、2002年8月31日發行） 中’可適當選擇以質感加工劑、柔軟加工處理劑之名稱所記 載者。其中，就柔軟性之效果優異而言以聚矽氧烷系乳液較 佳，以胺基改質或環氧基改質的聚矽氧烷系乳液更佳。含有 此等柔軟劑時，由於有耐摩擦性降低的傾向，故以該柔軟劑 之量與上述微粒子之量取得目標之質感與耐摩擦性的平衡 性且予以適當調整較佳。因此，該量沒有特別的限制，惟量 過少時無法發揮效果，過多時會有黏腻感，故以0.01〜10 重量％較佳。1354725 nine <Explanation of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates in particular to a very fine staple fiber non-woven fabric suitable for a base fabric of a leather-like sheet, and a method for producing the same, and more particularly, to reduce a leather sample In addition, the present invention relates to a leather-like sheet which is excellent in the feeling of fullness of shoes, furniture, clothing, and the like, and a method for producing the same. . More specifically, it is a leather-like sheet which is mainly made of a fiber raw material and has sufficient texture and physical properties. [Previous technique] A leather-like sheet made of a very fine fiber and a polymeric elastomer, It has excellent characteristics that are not found in natural leather and can be widely used in various applications. In order to produce the leather-like sheet, the fibrous sheet is impregnated with a polymer elastomer solution such as polyurethane, and then the fibrous sheet is immersed in an aqueous solution of water or an organic solvent to form a polymer. A method of wet solidification of an elastomer. However, when a large amount of polyurethane is used in order to obtain strength, dimensional stability, etc., the leather sample is expensive because of the raw material cost of the polyurethane or the complication of the manufacturing process. Further, when the amount of the polymer elastomer is increased, it tends to become a texture such as rubber, and it is difficult to obtain a feeling of fullness similar to that of natural leather. Further, in the case of impregnating the polyurethane, a water-miscible organic solvent such as N,N'-dimethylformamide is generally used. Generally, in the case of the working environment, such organic solvents are not sought. In addition, in recent years, in order to protect the environment, resources, and the like, attention has been paid to the recovery of -5,547,425 properties. Therefore, for example, a method for decomposing and recovering polyester (for example, Patent Document 1) or a method for decomposing a polyurethane (for example, Patent Document 2) ). However, these methods are suitable for use in a composite material which is mainly a single component, and which is not integrated with a polymer elastomer such as polyurethane and urethane, and is not suitable because of various decomposition methods. Second, the ingredients must be separated individually, which is generally very costly and cannot be completely separated. Further, polyurethane or the like is easily yellowed due to the Nox gas, and a white fluffy sheet-like object cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is desired to reduce the polymer elastomer such as polyurethane or a leather-like sheet which is substantially absent. Secondly, in order to solve these problems, it is effective to increase the strength of the nonwoven fabric itself. The method of improving the strength of the non-woven fabric itself is still under continuous review. For example, it is disclosed that a self-adhesive fiber such as cellulose is used to form a self-adhesive fiber bundle, and then flaky by a needle punching method or the like, and a high-speed fluid is sprayed on the sheet to make the fiber bundles, the fiber bundles, and the single fibers. And a non-woven fabric of a leather-like sheet formed of a fiber bundle and a single fiber which are entangled with each other (for example, Patent Document 3). However, when the fiber bundle is bonded by this method, color spots occur during dyeing, and there is a problem that surface quality or texture is lowered. Further, since a considerable portion of the ultrafine fibers adhered by the high-speed fluid itself is peeled off and complexed, it is difficult to control the problem of peeling off due to the treatment of the spots. In addition, a method of improving the complexation by a method of performing high-speed fluid treatment after the needle is proposed (for example, Patent Documents 4 and 5). This method is extremely effective as an improvement in the efficiency of high-speed fluid processing. However, in view of the findings of the present inventors, 'only a combination of acupuncture treatment and high-speed fluid treatment is not easy to produce a satisfactory physical property or quality, and the amount of polyurethane can be reduced. Non-woven. Further, it is revealed that a method different from the above is to use a low modulus polyester fiber and a heat shrinkable polyester fiber to perform a needling treatment, followed by heat treatment and hot pressing treatment, even if no polyurethane is impregnated. A substrate for a leather-like sheet having sufficient performance (for example, Patent Document 6). However, in view of the findings of the inventors of the present invention, when the nonwoven fabric thus obtained, for example, a liquid flow dyeing machine or the like is dyed, it is often caused by a smashing action or the like. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. JP-A No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. [Problem to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention provides a substrate which is particularly useful as a substrate for a leather-like sheet-like object. A very fine and short staple fiber non-woven fabric having sufficient strength and a method for preparing the same. Moreover, the present invention provides a leather flaky sheet which is excellent in quality, texture, and physical properties, and which is excellent in recyclability and yellowing resistance, even when substantially no polymer elastomer such as polyurethane is contained. Things and their methods of production. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration. In other words, the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is characterized by comprising a single fiber fineness of -7 - 1354725 0. 00 01~0. A short fiber having a fiber length of 10 cm or less and a unit weight of 100 to 550 g/m 2 and an apparent density of the fiber of 0. 280~ 0. 700 g/cm3, tensile strength of 70 N/cm or more, and tearing strength of 3 to 50 N. Further, the method for producing a very fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is characterized in that it can be used to produce 0. 0001~0. A composite short fiber of 1 to 1 Å of ultrafine fibers of 5 minutes is used to produce a composite short fiber nonwoven fabric by needle punching, and then subjected to high speed fluid treatment at a pressure of at least 10 MPa. Further, one form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention is characterized in that it is composed of a non-woven fabric and is substantially composed of a fibrous material of a non-elastic polymer. Further, another form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention is characterized. To contain a single fiber fineness of 〇·〇〇〇1~0. 5 dtex, fiber length is 10 cm or less, unit weight is 100~550 g/m2, and fiber apparent density is 0. 230~ 1). The ultrafine staple fiber non-woven fabric obtained by dyeing 7 OOg/cm3 has a tearing strength of 3 to 50 N and satisfies the following formula. Tensile strength (N/cm) 20. 45X basis weight (g/m2)-40 Next, a form of the method for producing a leather-like sheet of the present invention, characterized in that it comprises a single fiber fineness of 0. 0001~0. The short fiber having a length of 5 minutes and a fiber length of 10 cm or less has a weight per unit area of 100 to 550 g/m 2 and an apparent density of the fiber of 0. 280~0. 7 00 g/cm3, a very short staple fiber non-woven fabric having a tensile strength of 70 N/cm or more and a tearing strength of 3 to 50 N was dyed. Further, another aspect of the method for producing a leather-like sheet of the present invention is characterized in that it can produce 0. 0001~0. After the composite short fibers of 5 minutes of ultrafine fibers are complexed by needle acupuncture, extremely fine fibers are produced as a very fine short fiber non-woven fabric, and then subjected to high-speed fluid treatment at a pressure of at least 10 MPa to be recombined, and then dyed to 1354725. EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a very fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric which is particularly suitable for a base fabric of a leather-like sheet material and which is excellent in physical properties. Moreover, the present invention can provide a high quality leather-like sheet which can greatly reduce the amount of polyurethane applied or which does not need to be imparted at all. Further, by the present invention, a leather-like sheet which can be excellent in the feeling of fullness of shoes, furniture, clothing, and the like can be obtained. [Embodiment] The ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention contains a single fiber fineness of 0. 0001~0. 5 points are made by special. Single fiber fineness is 0. 001~0. 3 points is better, and better is 0. 005~0. 15 points. If it is less than 0. 0001 dtex, because the strength is reduced, it is not seeking" and if it is greater than 0. At 5 minutes, problems such as hard texture, insufficient complexation, and reduced surface quality are caused, so it is not required. Further, fibers having a fineness larger than the above range may be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. The method for producing the ultrafine fibers in the above range, that is, the method for producing the ultrafine fibers, is not particularly limited, and for example, a method of directly spinning an ultrafine fiber, a fiber (a very fine fiber-generating fiber) which can produce a very fine fiber of a general fine fiber, and then spinning A method of producing very fine fibers. Then, the method of using the ultrafine fiber-generating fiber, for example, a method of removing the sea component after spinning the sea-island type composite fiber, a method of making the split type composite fiber into a fine film after spinning, and the like are manufactured. In the present invention, in the present invention, it is possible to easily obtain a very fine fiber, and it is preferably manufactured by an island-in-sea type composite fiber or a split type composite fiber, and another 1354725 is made of a color-developing fiber dye-dyed compound. The same island is a combination of the sea and the sea. The method of compounding and mixing the components of two or more components at any stage to form a sea-island state, and the method of producing the fiber is not particularly limited, and for example, (1) a method of mixing a polymer of two or more components in a pellet state (2) a method in which a polymer of two or more components is kneaded in advance to be granulated, a method of spinning, and (3) a polymer having two or more components in a molten state is placed in a component of a spinning machine, and a static kneader or the like is used. (4) A method of producing a nozzle or the like using a nozzle such as Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 44-136417, and the like. Any of the methods in the present invention can be suitably produced, but it is preferable to use the method of the above (4) in terms of easy selection of the polymer. In the method of (4), the cross-sectional shape of the island fibers obtained by removing the sea-island type composite fiber and the sea component is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a circular shape, a polygonal shape of 'Y, H, X, W' C, and a π type. Further, the type of the polymer to be used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 2 to 3 components in terms of spinning stability or dyeability, and particularly preferably 2 components of the sea component 1 component of the sea component 1 component. In addition, the weight ratio of the composition at this time is greater than that of the island-in-the-sea composite fiber of the island fiber. 30~0. 99 is better 'better is 0. 40~0. 97, the best is 0. 50~ 0. 80. If it is less than 0. At 30 o'clock, the cost is increased due to the high removal rate of sea components, which is not desirable. In addition, if greater than 0. At 99 o'clock, it is easy to produce a confluence of island components, and it is not desirable for spinning stability. Further, the polymer to be used is not particularly limited, and may be used, for example, as a polyester of the -10- 1354725 island component, a polyamide, a polypropylene, a polyethylene, or the like, for use in terms of dyeability or strength. Polyester and polyamine are preferred. The polyester which can be used in the present invention is a polymer synthesized from a dicarboxylic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof and a diol or an ester-forming derivative thereof, and is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a composite fiber. Specifically, for example, polyethylene terephthalate 'polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate 'polyparaphthalic acid cyclohexyldimethyl diester, polyethylidene-2,6- Naphthalate, polyethylidene-1,2-bis(2-cyclophenoxy)ethane·4,4′-dicarboxylate, and the like. The most widely used user in the present invention is polyethylene terephthalate or a polyester copolymer mainly containing ethylene terephthalate units. The polyamines used in the present invention are polymers having a guanamine bond such as Nylon 6, Nylon 66, Nylon 610, and Nylon 12. The polymer to be used as the sea component of the sea-island type composite fiber is not particularly limited as long as it has a chemical property higher in solubility and decomposability than the polymer constituting the island component. Depending on the polymer constituting the island component, for example, a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polystyrene can be used. 5_Sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, polyethylene glycol, sodium tridecylbenzene sulfonate, bisphenol A copolymerized polyester such as an anthracene compound, isodecanoic acid, adipic acid 'tridecanedioic acid or cyclohexylcarboxylic acid. In terms of yarn stability, polystyrene is preferred, but it is preferred to use a copolymerized polyester having a mercapto group without being easily removed without using an organic solvent. The copolymerization ratio is preferably 5 mol% or more in terms of the stability, and is preferably 20% by mole or less in terms of easy polymerization or spinning and stretching. Preferably, in the present invention, a copolymerized polyester having a polystyrene or a mercapto group using a polyester or a polyamide or both as an island component is used as a sea component. 1354725 In these polymers, inorganic particles such as titanium oxide particles may be added to the polyester to improve the concealability, and other lubricants, pigments, thermal stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, and conductive agents may be added for various purposes. Heat storage materials, antibacterial agents, etc. Further, 'the method for producing the sea-island type composite fiber is not particularly limited', for example, using the nozzle shown in the above (4) method to take the undrawn yarn, and then using the wet heat or the dry heat 'or both of them 1 to 3 Extended production. In the present invention, the type of nonwoven fabric must be short fiber non-woven fabric in terms of quality or texture. Therefore, the above-mentioned fiber must be cut into an appropriate length, and it is 10 cm or less in consideration of the productivity or the texture of the resultant. Preferably it is 7 cm or less. When the fiber length is more than 10 cm, it may be contained within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. Further, the lower limit 値 is not particularly limited and may be appropriately set depending on the method of the non-woven fabric, but when it is less than 0_1 cm, the peeling condition is increased, and the characteristics such as strength or abrasion resistance tend to decrease, so that it is 0. More preferably 1 cm or more. Further, such short fibers are preferably complexed in terms of solidity or strength. Further, in the case of the extremely fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention, it is preferable that the fiber length of each of the short fibers is not uniform in consideration of physical properties such as strength of the leather sample obtained from the material, quality, and the like. In other words, at 0. In the range of fiber lengths of 1 to 10 cm, it is preferred to mix short fibers with long fibers. For example 0. 1~lcm (preferably 0. 1 ~ 0. A short fiber of 5 cm) and a non-woven fabric mixed with a long fiber of 1 to 1 cm (preferably 2 to 7 cm). In the nonwoven fabric, for example, the surface quality of the fiber having a short fiber length can be improved or densified, or the fiber having a long fiber length can have high physical properties and the like. The method of mixing fibers having different fiber lengths is not particularly limited to the production of -12-1354725, for example, a method of using sea-island type composite fibers having different island fiber lengths, a method of mixing short fibers having various fiber lengths, and a fiber as a non-woven fabric. The method of length, etc. In the present invention, in the case of a nonwoven fabric in which fiber length mixing is particularly easily produced, it is preferable to produce a fiber length suitable for the following two kinds of complexing methods at any stage, and it is preferred to adopt a method of changing the fiber length of the nonwoven fabric. . For example, by splitting two or more sheets perpendicular to the thickness direction of the nonwoven fabric (split treatment), it can be easily produced by a single fiber length before the splitting treatment or by various fiber lengths after the splitting treatment. Not woven. The splitting treatment referred to herein is a treatment similar to the splitting treatment of general natural leather, for example, by a filter cutter of Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., etc. Further, when the split type conjugate fiber is used, it is mainly composed of two or more components in the nozzle, and is based on the method for producing the sea-island type composite fiber. The method for producing the ultrafine staple fiber non-woven fabric of the present invention is preferably a method of combining needle punching and high-speed fluid treatment, and forming a non-woven fabric having a fiber length of 1 to 10 cm, preferably 3 to 7 cm, by a needle punching method. Then, two or more sheets are cut perpendicularly to the thickness direction to produce short fibers, and a high-speed fluid treatment can easily produce a very fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric having excellent physical properties and a dense surface feeling. The method of non-woven the short fibers may be a dry method obtained by cutting or cross-linking a web, using a random fiber web, or a wet method by a papermaking method, etc., but the present invention can be easily combined with a needle punching method. The dry method of the two complex methods of high-speed fluid treatment is preferred. When the complexing treatment is carried out, it is possible to appropriately stretch or stop -13 - 1354725 When stretching, or to improve the physical properties such as the strength of the obtained nonwoven fabric, other fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics may be integrated. Next, the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a basis weight of 100 to 550 g/m3. It is preferably 120 to 450 g/m3, more preferably 140 to 3,500 g/m3. When it is less than l〇〇g/m3, not only the physical properties of the non-woven structure are lowered, but also the appearance of the woven fabric and/or the woven fabric is easily seen on the surface of the woven fabric and/or the woven fabric, resulting in a decrease in quality, so If the demand is greater than 5 50g/m3, there is a tendency for the friction resistance to decrease, so it is not desirable. In addition, the apparent density of the fiber is 0. 280~0. 700g/m3. The apparent density of the fiber is 0. 300~ 0. 600g/m3 is better, and better is 0. 330~0_500g/m3. If it is less than 0. At 28 0 g/cm3, cracking or raising of the ball occurs during dyeing, and sufficient strength or abrasion resistance is not easily obtained. If it is greater than 0. At 700g/cm3, there will be a texture similar to paper, so it is not intended. Moreover, the apparent density of fibers is obtained by 115 1^1096. 4. 2 (1999) to measure the weight per unit area, and then measure the thickness thereof, and then obtain the average enthalpy of the apparent density of the obtained fiber as the apparent density of the fiber. In addition, the thickness of the measurement was measured using a dial vibration indicator (trade name "Pick Valley", manufactured by Ozaki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), and one sample was measured, and the average enthalpy was used. The apparent density of the fiber of the present invention means the apparent density of the fiber raw material. Therefore, for example, in the case of a nonwoven fabric structure impregnated with a resin other than the fiber raw material, the apparent density of the fiber raw material from which the resin is removed is shown. Further, in the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention, the tensile strength in any of the longitudinal and transverse directions is 70 N/cm or more. It is preferable that any of the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is 80 N/cm or more. When any of the tensile strength in the longitudinal or transverse direction is less than 70 N/cm -14 to 1354725, for example, in the case of a leather-like sheet, the engineering passability is poor in the subsequent high-order processing, and cracking or dimensional change may occur. Waiting for the trend, so it is not for the purpose. Further, in the case of a leather-like sheet, there is a problem that a large amount of polyurethane or the like must be imparted in order to obtain sufficient physical properties. Further, the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 200 N/cm or less. Tensile strength is achieved by Jis L 1096 8. 1 2. 1 (1999), a sample having a width of 5 cm and a length of 20 cm was taken, and was obtained by taking a sample interval of 10 cm, a constant-speed elongation type tensile tester, and a tensile speed of l〇cm/min. From the obtained enthalpy, a load equivalent to a width of 1 cm was taken as the tensile strength (unit: N/cm). In order to obtain such strength, the fiber strength to be used is preferably 2 cN/dtex or more. Further, the extremely fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a tear strength of 3 to 50 N in either of the longitudinal and transverse directions. Any of the tear strengths in the longitudinal and transverse directions is preferably 5 to 30 N. If any of the longitudinal and transverse tear strengths is less than 3 N, the engineering passability is lowered and it is difficult to stabilize the production. On the other hand, when any of the longitudinal and transverse directions has a tear strength of more than 50 N, it tends to be too soft, and it is not easy to obtain a balance with the texture, so it is not desirable. Moreover, the tear strength is JIS L 1096 8. 15. 1 (1999) D method (pendulum method) is based on the measurement of the tear strength, which can be achieved by adjusting the apparent density of the fiber within an appropriate range. Generally, there is a high density and a strong decrease. tendency. In the post-engineering of the present invention, in order to prevent deformation or cracking of the sheet, the 10% modulus in the longitudinal direction is preferably 8 N/cm or more, and more preferably 10 N. / cm or more. Further, the upper limit is not particularly limited, but if it is more than 50 N/cm, the texture becomes hard and the workability is lowered, so that it is not required to be -15-1354725. When manufactured by the above-described production method, by sufficiently performing the needling treatment or the high-speed fluid treatment, the enthalpy of 10% modulus can be improved. In addition, it may be increased by a laminated fabric and/or a woven fabric or the like. In addition, these defects can of course be reduced by performing a dyeing treatment or a hydrazine treatment, but it is easy to obtain better engineering passability within the scope of the present invention when performing the very fine and short fiber non-woven stage before such treatment. A good quality leather sample. Further, the 10% modulus was measured in the same manner as the measurement method of the tensile strength, and the strength at 10% elongation was used as the enthalpy. The ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention thus obtained has a good engineering passability even if it is formed only from a fiber raw material because it is hard to be broken by strong entanglement, for example, even if it is strongly entangled by a liquid dyeing machine. Sex. Therefore, the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is suitably used as a leather-like sheet base fabric. For example, when the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is used, a leather-like sheet having a feeling of fullness can be obtained without using a polymeric elastomer such as polyurethane or a relatively small amount of use. For example, by applying a polymer elastomer of 10% by weight or less to a suitable fiber raw material, a leather-like sheet having a feeling of fullness can be produced. Further, in particular, a structure which does not substantially contain a polymer elastomer can produce a leather-like sheet having a good texture, physical properties and quality. Therefore, an appropriate polymeric elastomer can be imparted depending on the texture or physical properties of the object. Further, since the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a high physical property and a dense structure, it can be used for an abrasive cloth, a filter, a wiper, a heat insulating material, a sound absorbing material, and the like in addition to the leather-like sheet. -16- 1354725 Next, an example of a method for producing the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention will be described. A preferred method for producing the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is to produce a composite short fiber nonwoven fabric by needle punching using a composite fiber of 1 to 10 dtex which can produce ultrafine fibers, and then subject to a high speed fluid treatment at a pressure of at least 10 MPa or more. For example, a water jet perforation treatment is performed by a water flow. High complexation can be achieved by combining the needling method with high speed fluid treatment. The composite short fiber nonwoven fabric is treated by needling, and the preferred fiber has an apparent density of 0. 120 ~ 0. 300g/cm3, more preferably 0. 150 ~ 0. 250g/cm3. If it is less than 0. At 12 Og/cm3, the complexation is insufficient and the physical properties of the object are not easily obtained. Moreover, there is no special limit on the upper limit, but if it is greater than 〇. At 300 g/cm3, there is a problem that the needle is bent or the needle is left, which is not desirable. Further, in the case of the needling treatment, the single fiber fineness of the conjugate fiber is preferably from 1 to 10 dtex, more preferably from 2 to 8 dtex, and most preferably from 2 to 6 dtex. If the single fiber fineness is less than 1 dtex or more than 10 dtex, the complexation by the needling treatment is insufficient, and it is difficult to obtain a very fine short fiber non-woven fabric of good physical properties. The needle punching treatment of the present invention not only has a good engineering pass. The effect of the stagnation of the sex is good, and the fiber can be sufficiently complexed. Therefore, it is preferably a density of 1 〇〇 / cm 2 or more, more preferably 500 / cm 2 or more, and most preferably 1000 / cm 2 or more. The composite short fiber nonwoven fabric thus obtained is preferably further densified by dry heat or moist heat, or both. Next, it is preferred to carry out high-speed fluid treatment at the same time as the ultra-fine treatment or the ultra-fine treatment, or at the same time as the ultra-fine treatment, and to perform the -17-1354725 complexing of the ultrafine fibers. The high-speed fluid treatment can be combined with ultra-fine treatment, or high-speed fluid treatment can be performed after at least most of the ultra-fine treatment is completed, and the ultrafine fibers are preferably combined with each other, and the high-speed fluid is subjected to the ultra-fine treatment. Processing is preferred. The method of the ultrafine treatment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a mechanical method and a chemical method. The mechanical method is a method of miniaturizing by physical stimulation. For example, in addition to the impact method such as the above-described acupuncture method or water jet perforation method, for example, a method of pressurizing between rollers, a method of performing ultrasonic treatment, and the like. Further, the chemical method is, for example, a method in which at least one component of the composite fiber is swelled, decomposed, dissolved, or the like by a chemical. In particular, it is preferable to produce a composite short fiber nonwoven fabric by using a very fine fiber-forming fiber which is made of an alkali-decomposable sea component, and then to treat it with a neutral to alkaline aqueous solution, and to refine it in an extremely fine manner, and it is preferable that the solvent is not used. It is one of the preferred forms of the invention. The neutral to alkaline aqueous solution referred to herein is an aqueous solution having a pH of from 6 to 14, and the solvent to be used is not particularly limited. For example, an aqueous solution containing an organic or inorganic salt or a pH having the above range may be used, for example, an alkali metal salt such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogencarbonate, calcium hydroxide or hydrogen. An alkaline earth metal salt such as magnesium oxide. An amine or a reducing accelerator or a carrier such as triethanolamine, diethanolamine or monoethanolamine may be used as needed. Among them, sodium hydroxide is preferred in terms of price, ease of handling, and the like. Further, after the neutral to alkaline aqueous solution treatment is carried out on the sheet, it is preferred to carry out the drying after removing and washing the residual chemical or decomposition product, etc., depending on the desired neutralization and washing. At the same time, the method of performing such ultra-fine refining treatment and high-speed fluid treatment, for example, using a composite fiber composed of a water-soluble sea component, and a method of removing and complexing by a water jet perforation into the -18-1354725 line, using a different alkali decomposition speed A composite fiber of two or more components, a method of performing final removal and complexation treatment by water jet perforation after decomposing the easily soluble component by an alkali treatment liquid. High-speed fluid treatment is preferred in terms of the working environment for water jet perforation using a water stream. At this time, water is preferably in a state of a columnar flow. In order to obtain a columnar flow, usually from a diameter of 0. 06~1. A 0 mm nozzle was produced by spraying at a pressure of 1 to 60 MPa. When the treatment is effective for complexness and good surface quality, the diameter of the nozzle is 0. 06~0. 15mm, the interval is preferably 5mm or less, and more preferably the diameter is 0. 06~0. 12mm, the interval is less than lmm. These nozzle specifications do not need to be all the same conditions in a plurality of treatments, for example, a nozzle having a large aperture and a small aperture can be used, and it is preferable to use the nozzle having the above configuration at least once. Especially the diameter is larger than 〇. At 15 mm, the complex properties of the ultrafine fibers are lowered, and the surface tends to be pilling, and the surface smoothness is lowered, so that it is not desired. Therefore, the nozzle aperture is preferably small, and when it is less than 0·0 6 m, the problem of nozzle clogging is easily caused, and there is a problem that the cost of water filtration is high, so it is not desirable. Further, in order to achieve uniform entanglement in the thickness direction and/or to improve the smoothness of the surface of the nonwoven fabric, it is preferred to repeat the treatment several times. Further, the water flow pressure is appropriately selected depending on the basis weight of the non-woven fabric to be treated, and the high unit weight is preferably a high pressure. Further, in order to highly associate the ultrafine fibers with each other, it is preferably treated at least once with a pressure of 10 MPa or more, more preferably 15 MPa or more. Further, the upper limit 値 is not particularly limited, and the cost is increased when the pressure is increased, and the non-woven fabric having a low basis weight is uneven, and the fiber is cut to cause a fork, so that it is preferably 40 MPa or less, more preferably 30 MPa. the following. -19- 1354725 In other words, the fiber using 1 to 10 dtex is excellent in the complexation by needle punching in the coarse state, at 0. 0001~0. In the extremely fine range of 5 dtex, the tendency of complexation by high-speed fluid treatment is excellent. In order to combine such fiber denier and complexing methods, a very fine fiber-generating composite fiber having a fineness of 1 to 10 dtex is used, which is sufficiently complexed by acupuncture treatment, and then obtained by the method of 0. 000 1~0. After 5 minutes of extremely fine fibers are subjected to ultra-fine treatment, it is preferable to perform high-speed fluid treatment at the same time or at the same time as the ultra-fine treatment. Next, a leather-like sheet relating to the present invention will be described. One form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention is a leather-like sheet formed of a non-woven fabric and substantially composed of a fibrous material of a non-elastic polymer. Here, the leather-like sheet has a superior surface appearance such as natural leather fluff, nubuck, silver surface, etc., and particularly, in the present invention, a fluffy or nubuck fluffy appearance has a smooth touch and Excellent lightweight effect. The leather sample sheet generally called synthetic leather and artificial leather is composed of a polymeric elastomer and a fibrous material such as polyurethane, but one form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention is substantially free of poly A polymeric elastomer such as a urethane or a fibrous material substantially in the form of a non-elastic polymer. The fiber of the non-elastic polymer referred to herein means a polymer other than a fiber having excellent rubber-like elasticity such as a polyether ester fiber or a polyurethane fiber such as a spandex fiber. Specifically, it is a fiber formed of, for example, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, or the like. The polymer constituting the above-mentioned ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric is preferred. By forming a fiber raw material which is substantially a non-elastic polymer, it is possible to achieve a feeling of fullness without feeling rubbery. Further, various effects such as easy recovery, high color developability, high light resistance, and yellowing resistance can be achieved. In particular, when the chemical recovery is carried out at -21 - 1354725, the fiber raw material is preferably composed of polyethylene terephthalate or nylon 6 . Further, in the form of one of the leather-like sheets of the present invention, it is preferable that all of the polymer elastomers such as polyether ester fibers such as polyether ester fibers or spandex fibers are not contained. A polymeric elastomer may also be included within the scope of the effects of the invention. Further, it may contain a functional agent such as a dye, a softener, a texture adjuster, a peeling preventive agent, an antibacterial agent, a deodorant, a water repellent, a light stabilizer, and a weather resistance. One form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention must be composed of at least a non-woven fabric, whereby a texture such as leather can be obtained. Further, the nonwoven fabric may be contained, and the laminated fabric or the like may be contained. When the knitted fabric is used alone, it is difficult to obtain a good texture. Further, the leather-like sheet may be silver-containing or fluffy, etc., and only when it is made of a fibrous material, particularly a fluffy-like one may obtain a preferable surface quality, and it is preferable to fluff at least one side. In order to obtain a silver-tone surface, a method of forming an ultra-high-density fiber layer on the surface is preferable, unlike a resin layer which is conventionally formed into a polyurethane. Further, the leather-like sheet material of the present invention is substantially composed of a fiber raw material, but unlike a simple non-woven fabric, it has a surface quality similar to that of ordinary natural leather or artificial leather. The leather sample sheet has a single fiber fineness of 0. 0001~0. The 5 minute ultrafine fiber is better. The better one is 0. 0 05~0. 15 points, the best is 0. 005~0. 1 decitex. The method of producing a leather-like sheet formed of the fiber raw material is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be produced by using the above-described ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention. Less than 0. At 0001 dtex, the strength is lowered and the color developability is not lowered. -22- 1354725 If it is larger than 〇·5 dtex, the texture is hard and the surface quality is easily lowered. Further, fibers having a single fiber fineness larger than the above range may be contained within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. Therefore, the leather-like sheet is preferably dyed. Next, another form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention is characterized by comprising a single fiber fineness of 0. 0001~0. 5 dtex, fiber length 10 cm or less, unit area weight 100~550 g/m2, fiber apparent density 0. 230~0. The ultrafine staple fiber non-woven fabric obtained by dyeing 700 g/cm3 has a tearing strength of 3 to 50 N and can satisfy the following formula. Tensile strength (N/cm) 2 0·45χ Unit weight (g/m2)-40 Single fiber fineness is 〇. 〇〇01~0. 5 points, preferably 0. 001~0. 3 dtex, better is 0. 005~0. 15 points, the best is 0. 005~0. 1 point special. If it is less than 0. When the weight is 1, 1 point, it is not required because of the decrease in strength. And if it is greater than 0. At 5 points, it is not desirable because the texture becomes harder or the surface quality is reduced. Further, fibers having a fineness larger than the above range may be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. Further, in terms of excellent quality or texture, the leather-like sheet of the present invention comprises a short-fiber non-woven fabric having a fiber length of 10 cm or less. The fiber length is preferably 7 cm or less. When it is a fiber length of more than i〇cm, it may be contained without impairing the effects of the present invention. In addition, the lower limit is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the method of non-woven fabric, if it is less than 〇. In lcm, the amount of peeling is increased, and the characteristics such as strength and friction tend to decrease, so it is not desirable. Further, when considering physical properties such as strength, quality, and the like, it is preferable that the fiber length is not uniform. In other words, at 0. In the range of fiber lengths of 1 to 10 cm, it is preferred to mix short fibers of 1354725 with long fibers. For example, mix 0. 1~lcm (preferably 0. 1~ 0. A short fiber of 5 cm) and a non-woven fabric of 1 to 10 cm (preferably 2 to 7 cm) long fibers. Here, for example, short fibers can achieve an effect of improving surface quality, densification, etc., and long fibers can achieve physical properties and the like. The leather-like sheet has a basis weight of 100 to 550 g/m2, preferably 120 to 450 g/m2, more preferably 140 to 350 g/m2. If it is less than 10 g/m2, the physical properties are lowered. When the fabric and/or the knit fabric is laminated, the appearance of the woven fabric and/or the woven fabric is easily observed on the surface, resulting in a decrease in quality, which is not desirable. Further, when it is more than 550 g/m2, since the abrasion resistance tends to be lowered, it is not desired. In addition, the leather sample has a fiber apparent density of 0. 230~ 0. 700g/cm3° fiber apparent density is 0. 280~0. 650g/cm3 is better, and better is 0. 300~0. 6 00g/cm3 » if less than 0. At 230 g/cm3, it is not desirable because the friction resistance is lowered. Moreover, if greater than 0. At 700 g/cm3, since the texture is hardened, it is not desirable. The tear strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the leather sample of the present invention is in the range of 3 to 5 ON, and the tear strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions is 5 to 30 N is preferred, and more preferably 10 to 25 N. If it is less than 3N, in addition to being easily broken, the engineering passability is lowered and it is difficult to stabilize production. On the other hand, if it is larger than 50N, it tends to be too soft, and it is difficult to obtain a balance with texture, so it is not desirable. In order to obtain such a tearing strength, by adjusting the apparent density of the fiber to an appropriate range, in general, there is a tendency for the strength to decrease when the density is increased. Moreover, it can also be improved by softening such as boring processing. The tensile strength in both the longitudinal and transverse directions must satisfy the following formula. Tensile strength (N/cm) 2 0. 45x unit weight (g/m2)-40 -24- 1354725 If the tensile strength is not within the range of the formula, especially in the case of a leather-like sheet substantially free of polymeric elastomer, as there may be Problems such as rupture occur, so it is not an attempt. Further, the upper limit 値 is not particularly limited and is usually 250 N/cm or less. Further, the tensile strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions is preferably in accordance with the following formula. Tensile strength (N/cm) 2 0. 5x unit area weight (g/m2) - 40 In addition, the tensile strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions is better to satisfy the following formula. Tensile strength (N/cm) 2 0·6 χ unit weight (g/m 2 ) - 40 The leather-like sheet of the present invention is substantially free of a polymeric elastomer such as polyurethane. It is preferable that the fiber raw material is formed, and it is excellent in recyclability and the like in addition to the texture of the feeling of fullness. Further, in the same manner, the fiber raw material is a fiber composed of an elastic polymer containing no spandex or the like, and a fiber made of a non-elastic polymer is preferable. Further, the leather-like sheet of the present invention may be silver-adjusted or velvet-like, and a preferred surface quality is obtained by a fluffy shape, so that it is preferred to be raised on at least one side. Further, when fine particles are contained in the fiber raw material constituting the leather-like sheet, the abrasion resistance is preferable. In particular, the ultrafine fibers of the fiber raw material are better in the structure of the complex, and the friction-reducing effect can be obtained by the presence of the fine particles. The material of the fine particles referred to herein is not limited to water, and is not particularly limited, and is, for example, an inorganic substance such as silica sand, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide or mica, or an organic substance such as melamine resin. Moreover, the average particle diameter of the microparticles is 0. 001 ~ 30 / zm better 'better is 0. 01~20/zm' the best is 0. 05~ -25- 1354725 10 // m. If it is less than 0. When 001 # m is not easy to obtain the desired effect, if it is more than 3 〇 / zm, the durability of the washing is lowered due to the fiber detachment. Further, the average particle diameter can be measured by a measurement method depending on the material or size, for example, the bet method, the laser method, or the coal tar method. These fine particles can be appropriately adjusted in the range in which the effects of the present invention can be exerted, to 0. 01 to 10% by weight is preferred, and more preferably 0. 02~5 wt%, the best is 0. 05 to 1% by weight. If it is 〇. When the amount is 〇1% by weight or more, the effect of improving the rubbing resistance is remarkably exhibited, and the effect is increased as the amount is increased. However, when it is more than 10% by weight, the texture becomes hard, so it is not desirable. Further, in order to prevent the fine particles from falling off and to improve the durability, it is preferred to use a small amount of a resin in combination. Further, in order to obtain a soft texture and a smooth surface feel, the leather-like sheet of the present invention preferably contains a softening agent. The softening agent is not particularly limited, and the user of the general knit fabric is appropriately selected depending on the type of the fiber. For example, in the 23rd edition of the dyeing manual (issued by the company, the company is issued on August 31, 2002), it can be appropriately selected by the name of the texture processing agent or the soft processing agent. Among them, in view of excellent effect of flexibility, a polyoxyalkylene-based emulsion is preferred, and a polyoxyalkylene-based emulsion modified with an amine group or an epoxy group is more preferable. When such a softening agent is contained, the abrasion resistance tends to be lowered. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the balance between the texture and the abrasion resistance of the target amount by the amount of the softening agent and the amount of the fine particles. Therefore, the amount is not particularly limited, but when the amount is too small, the effect cannot be exerted, and when it is too large, there is a sticky feeling, so 0. 01 to 10% by weight is preferred.

本發明皮革樣片狀物之任一形態，於以JIS L -26- 1354725 1 096( 1999) 8.17.5 E法（馬丁代爾 &lt;河3川11&lt;^16&gt;法）傢倶用荷 重（12kPa)爲基準所測定的耐摩擦試驗中，進行20000次摩 擦後之試驗布的摩擦減量爲20mg以下、較佳者爲1 5mg以 下、更佳者爲l〇m g以下，且存在的毛球數爲5個以下較佳、 更佳者爲3個以下、最佳者爲1個以下。摩擦減量大於2 Omg 時，於實用上由於衣服等上會有附著毛球的傾向，故不爲企 求。另外，下限値沒有特別的限制，爲本發明之皮革樣片狀 物時，可得幾乎完全沒有摩擦減量者。而且，有關所產生的 毛球數大於5個時，由於使用時因外觀變化致使品質降低， 故不爲企求。 爲得該耐摩擦性時，特別是纖維表觀密度極爲重要，高 密度化變佳。此外，可大幅增加微粒子之賦予量，反之使用 多量柔軟劑等時有降低的傾向。因此，必須取得與質感之平 衡性，且設定此等條件。 本發明之皮革樣片狀物的任一形態，就染色性或強度而 言極細短纖維以聚酯及/或聚醯胺較佳。 另外，本發明之皮革樣片狀物之任一形態，就質感或強 度、品質而言以含有具1〜10cm纖維長度之極細短纖維、且 極細短纖維彼此絡合者較佳。 本發明皮革樣片狀物之製法，沒有特別的限制，就可容 易得到目的之物性而言以使上述本發明之極細短纖維不織 布藉由染色製造較佳。藉由使用上述本發明之極細短纖維不 織布，可滿足本發明皮革樣片狀物之各種特徵。 此外，本發明皮革樣片狀物之製法的另一形態，係使可 -27- 1354725 產生0.000 1〜0.5分特之極細纖維的複合短纖維藉由針刺處 理絡合後，產生極細纖維作爲極細短纖維不織布，然後以至 少lOMPa之壓力進行高速流體處理予以再度絡合，然後進行 染色者。此等之具體方法與本發明極細短纖維不織布之製法 相同地進行，然後進行染色者。 於製造本發明之皮革樣片狀物中，賦予胺甲酸酯等高分 子彈性體時，於製造極細短纖維不織布後含浸高分子彈性 體。該高分子彈性體係各選擇可得適當目的之質感、物性、 品質者，例如聚胺甲酸酯、丙烯酸、苯乙烯-丁二烯等。其 中’就柔軟性、強度、品質等而言以使用聚胺甲酸酯較佳。 聚胺甲酸酯之製法沒有特別的限制，可使用習知的方法，即 使聚合物聚醇、二異氰酸酯、鏈伸長劑適當反應製造。而且， 可以爲溶劑系或水分散系，就作業環境而言以水分散系者較 佳。 而且’本發明極細短纖維不織布之特徵較爲明確，就本 發明之皮革樣片狀物與習知品相比時較爲優異而言，以實質 上不含高分子彈性體、主要由纖維原材料所成較佳。另外， 有關纖維原材料以實質上由非彈性聚合物之纖維所成較佳。 使該極細短纖維不織布染色的方法沒有特別的限制，所 使用的染色機除液流染色機外，有熱溶染色機 '高壓卷染染 色機等’就所得皮革樣片狀物之質感優異而言使用液流染色 機染色較佳。 此外’於主要由纖維原材料所成的皮革樣片狀物中，爲 得半銀面調表面時，可採用於染色後壓縮成〇1〜〇 8倍的方 -28- 1354725 法。藉此使表面形成半銀面調，且可提高耐摩擦性。該壓縮 處理可以在染色前、亦可以在染色後進行。 另外，爲製得絨毛調或nubuck調皮革樣片狀物時，以 藉由砂紙或刷子進行起毛處理較佳。該起毛處理可於染色前 或後、或染色前及染色後進行》而且，進行上述壓縮處理後 進行起毛處理的方法，以可提高耐摩擦性較佳。 本發明之皮革樣片狀物的製法中，以提高耐摩擦性爲目 的時以含有對纖維原材料賦予微粒子的工程較佳。藉由對纖 維原材料賦予微粒子，可得乾燥感或粗糙感感等之質感效 果。賦予該微粒子的方法沒有特別的限制，除浸軋法外，可 適當選擇液流染色機或卷染染色機的方法、以噴霧機噴射的 方法等。 而且，爲得柔軟質感與平滑的表面觸感時，以含有對纖 維原材料賦予柔軟劑的工程較佳。賦予柔軟劑的方法沒有特 別的限制，除浸軋法外，可適當選擇液流染色機或卷染染色 機的方法、以噴霧機噴射的方法等。就製造成本而言以與微 粒子同時賦予較佳。 而且，微粒子或柔軟劑以於染色後賦予較佳》於染色前 賦予時，會有因染色時脫落而減少效果的情形，或產生染色 斑的情形，故不爲企求。另外，由於含有微粒子之不織布有 不容易起毛的傾向，爲起毛時於起毛後賦予微粒子較佳。 於下述中藉由實施例更詳細地說明本發明。而且，實施 例中物性値以下述方法測定。 (1) 單位面積重量、纖維表觀密度 -29- 1354725 單位面積重量係以nS L1096 8.4.2(1999)之方法測定。 另外’厚度係藉由針盤震動指示器（（股）尾崎製作所製、商品 名”皮克谷（譯音）H”）測定，由單位面積重量之値計算以求取 纖維表觀密度。 (2) 拉伸強力、1 0%模數 以 JIS L 1096 8.1 2.1 ( 1 999)採取寬度 5cm、長度 20cm 之 試樣’且以樣本間隔10cm、定速伸長型拉伸試驗器、拉伸 速度10cm/分伸長。由所得値求取相當於寬度lcm之荷重作 爲拉伸強力（單位；N/cm)。而且，以縱方向10%伸長時之強 力作爲10%模數之値。 (3) 撕裂強力 以JIS L 1 096 8.15.1 ( 1 999)D法（擺錘法）爲基準予以測 定。 (4) 馬丁代爾（譯音）摩擦試驗 以JIS L 1096( 1999)8.17.5 E法（馬丁代爾法）傢倶用荷重 (12kPa)爲基準測定的耐摩擦試驗中，評估摩擦20000次後 試驗布之重量減少，且由外觀計算起毛數。 實施例1 使用由45份作爲海成分之聚苯乙烯、55份作爲島成分 之聚對酞酸乙二酯所成單纖維纖度3分特、36島、纖維長 51mm之海島型複合短纖維，通過切斷、交叉成卷機以製作 纖維網。然後，以1繭絲型針刺、1 500條/cm2之打進密度 處理’製得纖維表觀密度0.21 Og/cm3之複合短纖維不織布。 其次’在約加溫至95 °C、聚合度500、皂化度88%之聚乙烯 -30- 1354725 t 醇（PVA1)12%的水溶液中對以固成分換算不織布重量而言 爲25 %的附著量浸積，且與含浸PV A的同時進行收縮處理2 分鐘，在100°C下乾燥以除去水分。使所得片板以約30°C之 三氯乙烯處理直至完全除去聚苯乙烯，製得單纖維纖度約爲 0 046分特之極細纖維》繼後，使用室田製作所（股）製之標 準型濾割機，對厚度方向而言垂直的2張進行分裂處理後， 以由0.1mm之孔徑、0.6 mm噴嘴頭所成的水噴式穿孔處理， lm/分之處理速度、表裡同時以lOMPa與2〇MPa處理，進行 PVA1之除去同時進行絡合。 如此所得的極細短纖維不織布，直至PVA1完全脫落， 形成極細纖維彼此絡合的緻密片。評估物性之結果如表1所 不 ° 實施例2 除於進行高速流體處理前使PVA1以95 °C之熱水處理直 至完全除去PV A 1外，與實施例1相同地處理。如此所得的 極細短纖維不織布與實施例1相同地爲極細纖維彼此絡合的 緻密片》評估物性之結果如表1所示。 實施例3 除使用由20份作爲海成分之聚苯乙烯、80份作爲島成 分之聚對酞酸乙二酯所成單纖維纖度5分特、25島、纖維長 度51mm的海島型複合纖維（島成分之纖度約爲〇16分特） 外，與實施例1相同地處理，製得極細短纖維不織布。如此 所得的極細短纖維不織布係爲極細纖維彼此絡合的緻密 片。評估物性之結果如表1所示。 -3 1- 1354725 實施例4 除使用耐龍6取代聚對酞酸乙二酯作爲島成分外，與實 施例1相同地處理’製得極細短纖維不織布。如此所得的極 細短纖維不織布係爲極細纖維彼此絡合的緻密片。評估物性 之結果如表1所示。 比較例1 使用由45份作爲海成分之聚苯乙烯、55份作爲島成分 之聚對酞酸乙二酯所成單纖維纖度3分特、36島、纖維長 51mm之海島型複合短纖維’通過切斷、交叉成卷機以製作 纖維網。然後，以1繭絲型針刺、1 500條/cm2之打進密度 處理’製得纖維表觀密度.0.210g/cm3之複合短纖維不織布。 再以0.1mm之孔徑、〇.6mm間隔之噴嘴頭所成的水噴式穿孔 處理、以lm/分之處理速度兩面同時以i〇MPa、20MPa處理， 進行絡合。其次，在約加溫至95 °C之PVA1的12 %水溶液中 對以固成分換算不織布重量而言爲25 %的附著量浸積，且與 含浸PVA的同時進行收縮處理2分鐘，在100 °C下乾燥以除 去水分。使所得片板以約30°C之三氯乙烯處理直至完全除去 聚苯乙烯，然後除去PVA1，製得單纖維纖度約爲0.04 6分 特之極細纖維。 如此所得的極細短纖維不織布，係以極細纖維束爲主的 絡合構造，與實施例1〜4相比時係爲容易變形、形態保持 性不佳者。評估物性之結果如表1所示。 比較例2 除實施例1之？乂八1爲聚合度5 00、皂化度98%之？¥八2、 -32- 1354725 且以1 50°C乾燥熱處理5分鐘外，與實施例1相同地處理。 進行高速流體處理後，由於PVA2對附著量而言約殘留 90%，另以90°C之熱水萃取除去。所得的極細短纖維不織布 係爲以極細纖維束爲主的絡合構造，與實施例1〜4相比時 容易變形、形態保持性不佳。評估物性之結果如表1所示。 比較例3 於實施例1中水噴式針刺之條件使用0.25mm之孔徑、 2.5mm間隔之噴嘴頭，且噴嘴頭以振幅7mm、5Hz朝片板直 角方向搖動，並以lm/分之速度、表裡同時以9MPa之壓力 各處理2次。所得的極細短纖維不織布係極細纖維束與極細 纖維之絡合混合存在，與比較例1或比較例2相比時爲形態 保持性優異者，惟與實施例1〜4相比時爲不佳者。評估物 性之結果如表1所示。 實施例5 使用實施例1所得的極細短纖維不織布，使乳液聚胺甲 酸酯（日華化學（股）製”耶巴法羅魯（譯音）APC-55”）以固成分 5 %含浸後，以150°C熱處理1〇分鐘。然後，藉由液流染色 機、使用 Sumikaron Blue S-BBL200(住化肯姆迪克斯（譯 音）（股）製）、以20%〇Wf之濃度、120°C、45分鐘予以染色後， 藉由砂紙進行起毛處理，製得絨毛調皮革樣片狀物。所得者 之物性如表2所示，即使聚胺甲酸酯之量少時，仍可得非常 強的物性。 實施例6 使用實施例1所得的極細短纖維不織布，然後以液流染 -33- 1354725 色機與實施例5相同地染色後，以150°C、5m/分之處理速 度，藉由加熱的軋光壓製機壓縮成厚度之0.52倍。其次， 以砂紙進行起毛處理，製得皮革樣片狀物。所得者具有非常 充實的質感，且物性如表2所示之優異感。 實施例7 除改變纖維之使用量外，與實施例1相同地製作單位面 積重量139g/m2、纖維表觀密度〇.317g/cm3之極細纖維彼此 絡合的極細纖維不織布，然後與實施例6相同地處理，製得 皮革樣片狀物。所得者爲薄質地、柔軟且具有充實感，物性 如表2所示之優異感。 實施例8 除改變纖維之使用量外，與實施例1相同地製作單位面 積重量495g/m2、纖維表觀密度〇.326g/cm3之極細纖維彼此 絡合的極細纖維不織布，然後與實施例6相同地處理，製得 皮革樣片狀物。所得者爲厚質地、特別具有充實感之質感， 且物性如表2所示之優異感。 實施例9 除改變纖維之使用量、且沒有進行分裂處理外，與實施 例1相同地製作單位面積重量1 8 1 g/m2、纖維表觀密度 0.322g/cm3之極細纖維彼此絡合的極細纖維不織布，然後與 實施例6相同地處理，製得皮革樣片狀物。所得者如表2所 示’特別具有耐摩擦性與撕裂強力高等之優異物性，惟表面 品質與實施例7相比時稍低。 實施例1 〇 1354725 使用實施例1所得的極細短纖維不織布以砂紙進行起 毛處理，以液流染色機染色。然後，使微粒子（膠體二氧化 砂 史羅迪克斯（譯音）2〇L”日產化學工業股份有限公司 製、平均粒徑0.04〜〇·〇5μΐη : BET法）以固體重量賦予〇」 重里％。所得皮革樣片爲柔軟性與耐摩擦性優異者。所得結 果如表2所示。 比較例4 使用比較例1所得的極細短纖維不織布，使乳液聚胺甲 酸酯（日華化學（股）製”耶巴法羅魯（譯音）APC_55”）以固成分 5%含浸後’以15(TC、10分鐘熱處理。然後，藉由液流染色 機，與實施例6相问地進Y了染色時，染色中有破裂情形，無 法製得皮革樣片狀物。 比較例5 使用比較例2所得的極細短纖維不織布，藉由液流染色 機與實施例6相同地進行染色時，染色中有破裂情形，無法 製得皮革樣片狀物。 比較例6 使用作爲聚合物二醇之分子量2000的聚碳酸六甲二醋 二醇、與分子量2000之聚三甲二醇的50: 50混合物、作爲 二異氰酸酯之4,4’·二苯基甲烷二胺異氰酸酯、作爲鏈伸長 劑之乙醇，藉由常法製得聚胺甲酸酯，以DMF稀釋成固成 分爲12重量％，再加入1.5重量％作爲添加劑之二苯甲酮系 紫外線吸收劑，調製聚胺甲酸酯含浸液。然後，除單位面積 重量爲1 50g/m2外、與比較例1相同地使所得的極細短纖維 -35- 1354725 不織布浸漬於該聚胺甲酸酯含浸液中，以扭轉輥調節成聚胺 甲酸醋之固成分對纖維重量而言爲60 %之含浸液附著量 後’在DMF水溶液中使聚胺甲酸酯凝固。然後，以85*&gt;c之 熱水除去DMF後，以100 °C乾燥》然後，與實施例6相同地 染色後，藉由砂紙進行起毛處理以製得皮革樣片狀物。所得 者係橡膠感強烈，不具類似天然皮革之充實感。所得的皮革 樣片狀物之物性如表2所示。 比較例7 在沒有使比較例1所得的極細短纖維不織布染色下，以 砂紙進行起毛處理’製得白色片狀物。所得者大約與極細短 纖維不織布具有相同物性，惟無法得到皮革樣之外觀，耐摩 擦性亦不佳。結果如表2所示。 比較例8 使用比較例3所得的極細纖維，與實施例7相同地處理， 製得片狀物。所得者於染色中沒有破裂情形、拉伸或撕裂等 之物性優異，惟表面產生起毛球、且表面品質不佳，無法得 到皮革樣之外觀，且耐摩擦性不佳。該物性之結果如表2所 不 ° 【產業上之利用價値】 藉由本發明，即使實質上不含高分子彈性體、主要由纖 維原材料所成的不織布構造物，仍可得作爲皮革樣片狀物之 充分物性與品質。本發明之皮革樣片狀物，由於具有回收性 或容易保養處理（easy care)性、耐變黃性等之優異特徵，故 可使用於衣料、傢倶、汽車座椅、雜貨 '砂布、雨刷、過濾 -36- 1354725 器等之用途，其中特別是活用回收性或特徵之質感的汽車座 椅或衣料較佳。而且，本發明之毛絨狀皮革樣片狀物，由於 極細纖維不易形成束、表面之纖惟緻密性或開纖性、均一性 優異，故使用作爲使記錄光碟等之磁氣記錄媒體基材拋光的 砂布極爲有用，係爲較佳的用途之一。 表1 單位面 積重量 (g/m2) 纖維表 觀密度 (fi/cm2) 拉伸強力(N/cm) 引裂強 ΐ 力(N) 10% 模數(N/cm) 縱 橫 縱 橫 縱 橫 實施例1 210 0.334 131 102 8.6 6.0 14.6 6.1 實施例2 212 0.337 132 109 9.4 6.5 15 5.5 實施例3 300 0.370 133 122 19.3 14.6 14.4 8.4 實施例4 199 0.343 123 100 13.2 6.5 10.3 4.6 比較例1 198 0.274 109 99 22.8 23.4 6 3 比較例2 191 0.265 105 90 23.1 22.6 5.5 3 比較例3 255 0.275 143 117 13.7 12.7 7.1 5.4 表2 單位面 積重量 (g/m2) 纖維表 觀密度 (g/cm2) 拉伸強力(N/cm) 引裂強力(N) 馬丁代 爾摩擦 縱 橫 縱 橫 減量 (mg) 毛球 (個） 實施例5 250 0.340 143 130 19.1 14.1 3 3 實施例6 242 0.592 119 105 14.1 11.3 1 1 實施例7 185 0.501 106 75 15.6 8.1 4 0 實施例8 480 0.571 322 271 31 31 10 5 實施例9 171 0.546 112 91 20.8 13.3 0 1 實施例10 244 0.350 144 100 13.0 10.1 2 0 比較例6 240 0.210 70 62 8.5 6.0 1 1 比較例7 195 0.255 101 82 23.0 22.7 22 18 比較例8 220 0.275 105 94.6 20.6 23.5 12 6 -37-Any form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention is used in JIS L -26- 1354725 1 096 (1999) 8.17.5 E method (Martindale &lt;River 3 Chuan 11 &lt;^16&gt; In the anti-friction test measured on the basis of (12 kPa), the friction loss of the test cloth after 20,000 rubs was 20 mg or less, preferably 15 mg or less, more preferably 10 mg or less, and the hair ball was present. The number is preferably 5 or less, preferably 3 or less, and most preferably 1 or less. When the friction loss is more than 2 Omg, there is a tendency that the hairball tends to adhere to clothes or the like in practical use, and therefore it is not required. Further, the lower limit 値 is not particularly limited, and in the case of the leather-like sheet of the present invention, it is possible to obtain almost no friction reduction. Further, when the number of generated hair balls is more than five, the quality is lowered due to the change in appearance during use, and therefore it is not desirable. In order to obtain the rubbing resistance, in particular, the apparent density of the fiber is extremely important, and the density is improved. Further, the amount of the fine particles can be greatly increased, and when a large amount of the softener or the like is used, the tendency is lowered. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve balance with texture and set these conditions. In any form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention, the fine fine fibers are preferably polyester and/or polyamine in terms of dyeability or strength. Further, in any form of the leather-like sheet of the present invention, it is preferable that the fine fine fibers having a fiber length of 1 to 10 cm and the ultrafine short fibers are integrated with each other in terms of texture, strength, and quality. The method for producing the leather-like sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the objective properties of the present invention can be easily obtained so that the above-mentioned ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention is preferably produced by dyeing. The various features of the leather-like sheet of the present invention can be satisfied by using the above-described ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention. Further, another embodiment of the method for producing a leather-like sheet of the present invention is such that the composite short fibers of 1-6 1 to 1554725 which produce extremely fine fibers of 0.000 1 to 0.5 dtex are complexed by needle punching to produce ultrafine fibers. The very fine staple fibers are not woven, and then subjected to high-speed fluid treatment at a pressure of at least 10 MPa to be recombined, and then dyed. These specific methods are carried out in the same manner as in the production method of the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention, and then dyed. In the production of the leather-like sheet of the present invention, when a polymer elastomer such as a urethane is imparted, the polymer elastic body is impregnated after the production of the ultrafine short fibers. The polymer elastic system is selected such that it can obtain texture, physical properties, and quality of an appropriate purpose, such as polyurethane, acrylic acid, styrene-butadiene, and the like. Among them, it is preferred to use a polyurethane in terms of flexibility, strength, quality, and the like. The method for producing the polyurethane is not particularly limited, and a conventional method can be used, that is, a polymer polyol, a diisocyanate, and a chain extender are appropriately reacted. Further, it may be a solvent system or a water dispersion system, and it is preferable to use a water dispersion system in the working environment. Further, the characteristics of the ultrafine staple fiber non-woven fabric of the present invention are relatively clear, and the leather-like sheet material of the present invention is excellent in comparison with a conventional product, and is substantially free of a polymeric elastomer, mainly composed of a fiber raw material. Preferably. Further, the fiber raw material is preferably made of a fiber substantially made of a non-elastic polymer. The method of dyeing the ultrafine staple fiber non-woven fabric is not particularly limited, and the dyeing machine used in addition to the liquid flow dyeing machine has a texture of a leather-like sheet obtained by a hot-melt dyeing machine, such as a high-pressure dyeing dyeing machine. It is preferred to use a flow dyeing machine for dyeing. Further, in the case of a leather-like sheet mainly composed of a fiber raw material, in the case of a semi-silver surface-adjusted surface, it can be used to be compressed into a 〇1 to 〇8-fold square -28- 1354725 method after dyeing. Thereby, the surface is formed with a semi-silver surface tone, and the abrasion resistance can be improved. This compression treatment can be carried out before or after dyeing. Further, in order to obtain a fluffy or nubuck leather-like sheet, it is preferred to carry out the raising treatment by sandpaper or a brush. The raising treatment can be carried out before or after the dyeing, or before the dyeing and after the dyeing. Further, the above-described compression treatment is carried out to carry out the raising treatment, so that the abrasion resistance can be improved. In the method for producing a leather-like sheet of the present invention, it is preferred to include a microparticle-containing material for the fiber material for the purpose of improving the rubbing resistance. By imparting fine particles to the fiber raw material, a texture effect such as a dry feeling or a rough feeling can be obtained. The method of imparting the fine particles is not particularly limited, and a method of a liquid flow dyeing machine or a dyeing dyeing machine, a method of spraying by a spray machine, or the like can be appropriately selected in addition to the padding method. Further, in order to obtain a soft texture and a smooth surface feel, it is preferred to include a softener for the fiber material. The method of imparting the softening agent is not particularly limited, and a method of a flow dyeing machine or a dyeing and dyeing machine, a method of spraying by a spray machine, or the like can be appropriately selected in addition to the padding method. It is preferable to impart at the same time as the microparticles in terms of manufacturing cost. Further, in the case where the fine particles or the softening agent are preferably applied before dyeing, the effect is reduced by the peeling at the time of dyeing, or the staining spot is generated, so that it is not desired. Further, since the non-woven fabric containing fine particles tends to be less likely to fluff, it is preferable to impart fine particles after raising during the raising. The invention is illustrated in more detail by way of examples in the following. Further, the physical properties of the examples were measured by the following methods. (1) Weight per unit area, apparent density of fiber -29- 1354725 The weight per unit area is determined by the method of nS L1096 8.4.2 (1999). Further, the thickness is measured by a dial vibration indicator (trade name "Pick Valley", manufactured by Ozaki Manufacturing Co., Ltd.), and is calculated from the weight per unit area to obtain the apparent density of the fiber. (2) Tensile strength, 10% modulus, JIS L 1096 8.1 2.1 (1 999) A sample with a width of 5 cm and a length of 20 cm was taken, and the sample was separated by a distance of 10 cm, a constant-speed tensile tester, and a tensile speed. 10 cm / min elongation. From the obtained enthalpy, a load equivalent to a width of 1 cm was taken as the tensile strength (unit: N/cm). Further, the strength at the time of elongation of 10% in the longitudinal direction was taken as the 10 of the 10% modulus. (3) Tear strength is measured based on JIS L 1 096 8.15.1 (1 999) D method (pendulum method). (4) Martindale's friction test is based on JIS L 1096 (1999) 8.17.5 E method (Martindale method). The friction test is based on the load (12 kPa). The weight of the test cloth was reduced, and the number of hairs was calculated from the appearance. Example 1 An island-in-the-sea composite short fiber having a single fiber fineness of 3 dtex, 36 islands, and a fiber length of 51 mm was prepared using 45 parts of polystyrene as a sea component and 55 parts of polyethylene terephthalate as an island component. The web is produced by cutting and crossing the winder. Then, a composite staple fiber non-woven fabric having an apparent density of 0.21 Og/cm3 of fibers was prepared by a needle punching method and a density of 1,500 strips/cm2. Next, in the 12% aqueous solution of polyethylene-30- 1354725 t alcohol (PVA1) which is heated to 95 ° C, polymerization degree of 500, and saponification degree of 88%, the adhesion of the non-woven fabric weight is 25%. The amount was immersed, and shrinkage treatment was carried out for 2 minutes while impregnating with PV A, and dried at 100 ° C to remove moisture. The obtained sheet was treated with trichloroethylene at about 30 ° C until the polystyrene was completely removed, and an ultrafine fiber having a single fiber fineness of about 0 046 dtex was obtained. Subsequently, a standard type filter manufactured by Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was used. The cutting machine is divided into two vertical parts in the thickness direction, and is spray-punched by a water jet perforation formed by a 0.1 mm aperture and a 0.6 mm nozzle head. The processing speed of lm/min is 10 l and 2 at the same time. 〇 MPa treatment, removal of PVA1 while complexation. The ultrafine staple fibers thus obtained are not woven until the PVA1 is completely detached, and a dense sheet in which the ultrafine fibers are entangled with each other is formed. The results of evaluation of physical properties are shown in Table 1. Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that PVA1 was treated with hot water at 95 °C until PV A1 was completely removed before high-speed fluid treatment. The results of the evaluation of the physical properties of the dense fine fiber non-woven fabric thus obtained, which are the dense sheets in which the ultrafine fibers are entangled in the same manner as in the first embodiment, are shown in Table 1. Example 3 An island-in-sea type composite fiber having a single fiber fineness of 5 dtex, 25 islands, and a fiber length of 51 mm was used except that 20 parts of polystyrene as a sea component and 80 parts of polyethylene terephthalate as an island component were used. The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the denier of the island component was about 分16 dtex, and a very fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric was obtained. The ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric thus obtained is a dense sheet in which very fine fibers are entangled with each other. The results of evaluating physical properties are shown in Table 1. -3 1- 1354725 Example 4 An extremely fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Nylon 6 was used instead of polyethylene terephthalate as an island component. The ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric thus obtained is a dense sheet in which very fine fibers are entangled with each other. The results of evaluating physical properties are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 An island-in-the-sea composite short fiber having a single fiber fineness of 3 dtex, 36 islands, and a fiber length of 51 mm was prepared using 45 parts of polystyrene as a sea component and 55 parts of polyethylene terephthalate as an island component. The web is produced by cutting and crossing the winder. Then, a composite staple fiber nonwoven fabric having an apparent density of fibers of 0.210 g/cm3 was produced by a needle punching method and a density of 1,500 strips/cm2. Further, the water jet perforation treatment was carried out by a nozzle head having a pore diameter of 0.1 mm and a gap of 66 mm, and the treatment was carried out at both 〇 MPa and 20 MPa at both lm/min. Next, in a 12% aqueous solution of PVA1 heated to 95 ° C, the adhesion amount of 25% by weight of the solid content conversion nonwoven fabric was impregnated, and shrinkage treatment was carried out for 2 minutes while impregnating PVA, at 100 ° Dry under C to remove moisture. The obtained sheet was treated with trichloroethylene at about 30 ° C until the polystyrene was completely removed, and then PVA1 was removed to obtain an ultrafine fiber having a single fiber fineness of about 0.046. The ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in this manner is a complex structure mainly composed of an ultrafine fiber bundle, and is easily deformed and has poor form retention compared with Examples 1 to 4. The results of evaluating physical properties are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 2 Except for Example 1?乂八1 is a polymerization degree of 500, and a degree of saponification of 98%? The treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat treatment was carried out by drying at 550 ° C for 5 minutes. After the high-speed fluid treatment, PVA2 remained about 90% of the amount of adhesion, and was further removed by extraction with hot water at 90 °C. The obtained ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric was a complex structure mainly composed of an ultrafine fiber bundle, and was easily deformed and had poor form retention when compared with Examples 1 to 4. The results of evaluating physical properties are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 3 In the case of the water jet acupuncture in Example 1, a nozzle head having a diameter of 0.25 mm and a spacing of 2.5 mm was used, and the nozzle head was shaken at a right angle of the sheet with an amplitude of 7 mm and 5 Hz, and at a speed of lm/min, The table was simultaneously treated twice with a pressure of 9 MPa. The obtained ultrafine staple fiber non-woven fabric-based ultrafine fiber bundle was mixed with the ultrafine fibers, and was excellent in form retention compared with Comparative Example 1 or Comparative Example 2, but was inferior to Examples 1 to 4. By. The results of the evaluation of physical properties are shown in Table 1. Example 5 Using the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1, the emulsion polyurethane ("Yahua Chemical Co., Ltd." "Yabafaroru (transliteration) APC-55") was impregnated with 5% solid content. Heat treatment at 150 ° C for 1 〇 minutes. Then, it was dyed by a liquid flow dyeing machine, using Sumikaron Blue S-BBL200 (manufactured by Sumitomo Kemix), stained at a concentration of 20% 〇Wf, at 120 ° C for 45 minutes, and then borrowed. The fluffing process is carried out by sandpaper to obtain a fluffy leather-like sheet. The physical properties of the obtained product are shown in Table 2. Even when the amount of the polyurethane was small, very strong physical properties were obtained. Example 6 The ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1 was used, and then dyed in the same manner as in Example 5 by a liquid flow dyeing -33 - 1354725 color machine, and then heated at a processing speed of 150 ° C and 5 m / min. The calendering press was compressed to a thickness of 0.52. Next, the fluffing treatment was carried out with a sandpaper to obtain a leather-like sheet. The resultant had a very rich texture and the physical properties were as shown in Table 2. Example 7 An ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric in which the ultrafine fibers having a basis weight of 139 g/m 2 and an apparent density of 317 g/cm 3 of fibers were bonded to each other was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the fibers used was changed. The same treatment was carried out to obtain a leather-like sheet. The obtained product was thin, soft, and full of solidity, and the physical properties were as shown in Table 2. Example 8 An ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric in which extremely fine fibers having a basis weight of 495 g/m 2 and a fiber apparent density of 326 g/cm 3 were mutually entangled was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the fibers used was changed. The same treatment was carried out to obtain a leather-like sheet. The resultant was a texture having a thick texture, particularly a feeling of fullness, and the physical properties were as shown in Table 2. Example 9 In the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of the fiber used was changed, the ultrafine fibers having a basis weight of 18 1 g/m 2 and an apparent fiber density of 0.322 g/cm 3 were formed in the same manner as in Example 1. The fiber was not woven, and then treated in the same manner as in Example 6 to obtain a leather-like sheet. As shown in Table 2, the resultant showed excellent physical properties such as high abrasion resistance and high tear strength, but the surface quality was slightly lower than that of Example 7. Example 1 〇 1354725 The ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 1 was subjected to a raising treatment with a sandpaper and dyed with a liquid flow dyeing machine. Then, the fine particles (colloidal silica dioxide, Strotech (2) L, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., average particle size 0.04~〇·〇5μΐη: BET method) were given a solid weight of 〇%. The obtained leather plaque is excellent in flexibility and abrasion resistance. The results obtained are shown in Table 2. Comparative Example 4 Using the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1, the emulsion polyurethane ("Yahua Chemical Co., Ltd." "Yabafaroru (transliteration) APC_55") was impregnated with a solid content of 5%. 15 (TC, heat treatment for 10 minutes. Then, by the liquid flow dyeing machine, when dyeing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 6, there was a crack in the dyeing, and a leather-like sheet could not be obtained. Comparative Example 5 Comparison using In the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 2, when dyeing was carried out in the same manner as in Example 6 by a flow dyeing machine, cracking occurred in the dyeing, and a leather-like sheet was not obtained. Comparative Example 6 Using as a polymer diol a 50:50 mixture of polyethylene carbonate with a molecular weight of 2000, a polytrimethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 2000, 4,4'-diphenylmethanediamine isocyanate as a diisocyanate, and ethanol as a chain extender. The polyurethane was prepared by a conventional method, diluted with DMF to a solid content of 12% by weight, and 1.5% by weight of a benzophenone-based ultraviolet absorber as an additive was added to prepare a polyurethane impregnation liquid. Unit weight The obtained ultrafine short fiber-35-1354725 non-woven fabric was immersed in the polyurethane impregnation liquid in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except for 1 50 g/m2, and was adjusted into a solid component of the polyurethane by a torsion roller. After the weight of the impregnation liquid is 60%, the polyurethane is solidified in the DMF aqueous solution. Then, the DMF is removed by hot water of 85*&gt;c, and dried at 100 ° C. Then, After dyeing in the same manner as in Example 6, the skin was treated by sanding to obtain a leather-like sheet. The obtained product had a strong rubber feeling and did not have a feeling of fullness similar to that of natural leather. The physical properties of the obtained leather-like sheet were as shown in Table 2. Comparative Example 7 A white sheet was obtained by the raising treatment of the ultrafine short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Example 1 by sanding. The obtained product had the same physical properties as the ultrafine staple fiber nonwoven fabric, but the leather was not obtained. The appearance and the rubbing resistance were also inferior. The results are shown in Table 2. Comparative Example 8 Using the ultrafine fibers obtained in Comparative Example 3, the same treatment as in Example 7 was carried out to obtain a sheet-like material. Situation, pull Excellent physical properties such as stretching or tearing, but the surface is pilling, and the surface quality is not good, the appearance of the leather-like appearance cannot be obtained, and the friction resistance is not good. The result of the physical property is not shown in Table 2. [Industrial use According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain sufficient physical properties and qualities of a leather-like sheet material even if it does not substantially contain a polymer elastic body and a nonwoven fabric structure mainly composed of a fiber material. Because it has excellent characteristics such as recyclability or easy care, yellowing resistance, it can be used for clothing, furniture, car seats, groceries 'sand cloth, wiper, filter -36-1354725, etc. The use, in particular, a car seat or clothing that utilizes recycled or characteristic texture is preferred. Further, the fluffy leather-like sheet-like article of the present invention is used as a magnetic recording medium substrate for recording a recording disk or the like because the ultrafine fibers are less likely to form a bundle, and the surface is excellent in fiber compactness, fibrillation property, and uniformity. Polished abrasive cloth is extremely useful and is one of the preferred uses. Table 1 Weight per unit area (g/m2) Apparent density of fiber (fi/cm2) Tensile strength (N/cm) Strong tensile force (N) 10% Modulus (N/cm) Vertical and horizontal cross-sectional example 1 210 0.334 131 102 8.6 6.0 14.6 6.1 Example 2 212 0.337 132 109 9.4 6.5 15 5.5 Example 3 300 0.370 133 122 19.3 14.6 14.4 8.4 Example 4 199 0.343 123 100 13.2 6.5 10.3 4.6 Comparative Example 1 198 0.274 109 99 22.8 23.4 6 3 Comparative Example 2 191 0.265 105 90 23.1 22.6 5.5 3 Comparative Example 3 255 0.275 143 117 13.7 12.7 7.1 5.4 Table 2 Weight per unit area (g/m2) Apparent density of fiber (g/cm2) Tensile strength (N/cm) Ripple strength (N) Martindale friction vertical and horizontal cross-sectional reduction (mg) hair ball (unit) Example 5 250 0.340 143 130 19.1 14.1 3 3 Example 6 242 0.592 119 105 14.1 11.3 1 1 Example 7 185 0.501 106 75 15.6 8.1 4 0 Example 8 480 0.571 322 271 31 31 10 5 Example 9 171 0.546 112 91 20.8 13.3 0 1 Example 10 244 0.350 144 100 13.0 10.1 2 0 Comparative Example 6 240 0.210 70 62 8.5 6.0 1 1 Comparative Example 7 195 0.255 101 82 23.0 22.7 22 18 Comparative Example 8 220 0.275 105 94.6 20.6 23.5 12 6 -37-

Claims (1)

1354725_ 公告本 修正本 第093 1 2 1 2 5 1號「極細短纖不織布及皮革樣片狀物、及這些 之製法」專利案 帅年兄月日修正本 (2011年8月22日修正） 十、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種極細短纖維不織布，其特徵爲包含單纖維纖度爲 0.000 1〜0.5分特、纖維長度爲0.1cm〜lOcra之短纖維， 該短纖維彼此絡合，單位面積重量爲100〜5 5 0g/m2、纖 維表觀密度爲0.280〜0.700g/cm3、拉伸強力爲7〇N/cm〜 2 0 ON/cm、撕裂強力爲3〜50N，且沒有使用高分子彈性 體，或對於纖維素材賦予10重量％以下的高分子彈性體。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1之極細短纖維不織布，其之縱方向 之 10%模數（111〇(1\11118)爲81^/。111〜5〇]^/(；111。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1之極細短纖維不織布，其中短纖維 爲由聚酯系纖維及/或聚醯胺系纖維所成。 4. 一種極細短纖維不織布之製法，其特徵爲使用可產生 0.0001〜0.5分特極細纖維之1〜10分特的海島型複合短 纖維，藉由針刺法製造複合短纖維不織布，並將海成分 除去以產生極細纖維，然後以lOMPa〜4〇MPa之壓力進 行水噴式穿孔處理。 5 .如申請專利範圍第4項之極細短纖維不織布之製法，其 中藉由針刺法使複合短纖維不織布的表觀密度爲0.120 〜0.300g/cm3。 6.如申請專利範圍第4項之極細短纖維不織布之製法，其 中使用具有0.06〜〇.15mm直徑之噴嘴進行水噴式穿孔處 1354725 修正本 理。 7. 如申請專利範圍第4項之極細短纖維不織布之製法’其 中於進行該水噴式穿孔處理前，使2張以上朝厚度方向 垂直者進行分裂（split)處理。 8. 如申請專利範圍第4項之極細短纖維不織布之製法，其 中於實施該水噴式穿孔處理後，使厚度壓縮處理成0.1〜 0.8 倍。 9. 一種皮革樣片狀物，其特徵爲包含單纖維纖度爲0.0001 〜0.5分特、纖維長度爲0.1 cm〜10 cm、單位面積重量爲 1〇〇〜550g/m2、纖維表觀密度爲0.2 3 0〜0.700g/cm3、經 染色所成的極細短纖維不織布，極細短纖維彼此絡合， 且沒有使用高分子彈性體，或對於纖維素材賦予1 0重量 %以下的高分子彈性體，撕裂強力爲3〜50N，且可滿足 下式， 拉伸強力（N/cm)2 0.45χ單位面積重量（g/m2)-4〇。 1 0 .如申請專利範圍第9項之皮革樣片狀物，其中至少一面 經起毛所成。 1 1 ·如申請專利範圍第9項之皮革樣片狀物，其中於馬丁代 爾（P4 art indale)法之摩擦試驗中2〇〇〇〇次摩擦時摩擦減量 爲2〇mg以下’且毛球數爲5個以下。 1 2 ·如申請專利範圍第9項之皮革樣片狀物，其中極細短纖 維爲聚酯及/或聚醯胺。 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第9項之皮革樣片狀物，其包含具有1 - 2 - 1354725 修正本 〜10cm纖維長之極細短纖維。 14.如申請專利範圍第9項之皮革樣片狀物’其中纖維原材 料中含有〇.〇1〜1〇重量％之微粒子’該微粒子係選自二 氧化矽、氧化鈦、氧化鋁、雲母或蜜胺樹脂，且該微粒 子粒徑爲0.001〜30 μιη。 15. —種皮革樣片狀物之製法，其特徵爲將如申請專利範圍 第1項之極細短纖維不織布染色。1354725_ Announcement Amendment No. 093 1 2 1 2 5 1 "Mini-fine staple fiber non-woven fabric and leather-like sheet, and the method of making these" Patent Case Year of the Brothers Amendment (August 22, 2011 Amendment) Patent application scope: 1. A very fine short fiber non-woven fabric characterized by comprising short fibers having a single fiber fineness of 0.000 1 to 0.5 dtex and a fiber length of 0.1 cm to lOcra, the short fibers being integrated with each other, and the weight per unit area is 100~5 50g/m2, the apparent density of the fiber is 0.280~0.700g/cm3, the tensile strength is 7〇N/cm~2 0 ON/cm, the tearing strength is 3~50N, and no polymer elasticity is used. A polymer elastomer having a weight of 10% by weight or less is added to the fiber material. 2. For the patented range 1st fine staple fiber non-woven fabric, the 10% modulus of the longitudinal direction (111〇(1\11118) is 81^/.111~5〇]^/(;111. 3. Patent application No. 1 is a very short staple fiber non-woven fabric, wherein the short fibers are made of polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers. 4. A method for producing a very fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric, which is characterized in that it can be used to produce 0.0001 to 0.5. An island-type composite short fiber of 1 to 10 dtex of a microfiber, a composite short fiber non-woven fabric is produced by a needle punching method, and sea components are removed to produce ultrafine fibers, and then water jet is performed at a pressure of 10 MPa to 4 MPa. Perforation treatment 5. The method for preparing a very fine staple fiber non-woven fabric according to item 4 of the patent application, wherein the composite short fiber non-woven fabric has an apparent density of 0.120 to 0.300 g/cm 3 by needle punching. A method for preparing a very fine and short fiber non-woven fabric of 4 items, wherein a nozzle having a diameter of 0.06 to 〇.15 mm is used for the water-jet perforation 1354725. 7. The method for preparing a very fine staple fiber non-woven fabric according to the fourth application of the patent scope get on Before the water-jet perforation treatment, two or more sheets are vertically split in the thickness direction. 8. The method for producing a very fine staple fiber non-woven fabric according to the fourth aspect of the patent application, wherein after performing the water-jet perforation treatment, The thickness is compressed to 0.1 to 0.8 times. 9. A leather-like sheet characterized by a single fiber fineness of 0.0001 to 0.5 dtex, a fiber length of 0.1 cm to 10 cm, and a basis weight of 1 to 550 g. /m2, the apparent density of the fiber is 0.23 0~0.700g/cm3, the ultrafine short fiber non-woven fabric is dyed, the ultrafine short fibers are entangled with each other, and no polymer elastomer is used, or 10 weight is given to the fiber material. The polymer elastomer below % has a tear strength of 3 to 50 N and can satisfy the following formula: tensile strength (N/cm) 2 0.45 χ unit weight (g/m 2 ) - 4 〇. The leather-like sheet of the ninth patent of the patent, wherein at least one side is formed by raising the hair. 1 1 · The leather-like sheet of claim 9 of the patent application, wherein the friction is in the P4 art indale method 2 times of friction during the test The amount of rubbing is 2 〇mg or less and the number of hair balls is 5 or less. 1 2 · A leather-like sheet according to claim 9 of the patent application, wherein the ultrafine short fibers are polyester and/or polyamine. A leather-like sheet according to claim 9 which comprises a very fine staple fiber having a fiber length of from 1 to 2 - 1354725, and a length of from 10 to 15 cm. 14. A leather-like sheet of claim 9 The fiber raw material contains 微粒.〇1 to 1% by weight of the fine particles. The fine particles are selected from the group consisting of cerium oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, mica or melamine resin, and the fine particles have a particle diameter of 0.001 to 30 μm. A method for producing a leather-like sheet characterized by dyeing a very fine staple fiber nonwoven fabric as in the first aspect of the patent application. 16. 如申請專利範圍第15項之皮革樣片狀物的製法，其中 將厚度壓縮處理成0.1〜0.8倍。 17. 如申請專利範圍第15項之皮革樣片狀物的製法，其中 藉由砂紙進行起毛處理。16. The method for producing a leather-like sheet according to claim 15 wherein the thickness is compressed to 0.1 to 0.8 times. 17. The method for producing a leather-like sheet according to claim 15 wherein the raising process is carried out by sandpaper. 18. —種皮革樣片狀物之製法，其特徵爲使可產生〇.〇〇〇1〜 0.5分特極細纖維之1〜1〇分特的海島型複合短纖維藉由 針刺處理絡合後，將海成分除去以產生極細纖維作爲極 細短纖維不織布，然後以l〇MPa〜40MPa之壓力進行水 噴式穿孔處理予以再度絡合，然後染色。 1 9 .如申請專利範圍第1 8項之皮革樣片狀物的製法，其中 用具有0.06〜0.15mm直徑之噴嘴進行水噴式穿孔處理。 2 0 .如申請專利範圍第1 8項之皮革樣片狀物的製法，其中 藉由液流染色機染色。18. A method for producing a leather-like sheet, characterized in that the island-in-the-sea composite short fiber capable of producing 1 to 1 Å of a fine fiber of 〇. Thereafter, the sea component is removed to produce ultrafine fibers as a very fine short fiber nonwoven fabric, and then subjected to water jet perforation treatment at a pressure of 10 MPa to 40 MPa to be recombined, followed by dyeing. A process for producing a leather-like sheet according to claim 18, wherein the water-jet perforation treatment is carried out using a nozzle having a diameter of 0.06 to 0.15 mm. 2 0. A method for producing a leather-like sheet according to claim 18, wherein it is dyed by a flow dyeing machine.
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