1342933 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係一種行星齒輪傳動裝置，尤指一種應用在工具機上的行星齒輪傳動裝 置。 【先前技術】 按，傳統的行星齒輪傳動裝置，通常是採用一段式或多段式可變速的行星齒輪 傳動裝置結構，主要是應用在工具機傳動機構以及車床、銑床與加工機等工作母機 上。可變速的行星齒輪傳動裝置能增加主軸馬達的輸出功率，以便在加工不同材料利 用較高的扭力或較高的轉速來增加工具機的彈性。例如：一行星齒輪傳動裝置可以具 有二段變速功能的結構，一方面其與一太陽齒輪（又稱恆星齒輪）互相連接的傳動軸 能與一內齒輪互相連接，另一方面該內齒輪係與齒輪箱互相親合。此外，一行星齒輪 架係與該傳動軸互相連接。 如德國專利編號DE A 199 17 673所述的行星齒輪傳動裝置，即屬一種二段式 可變速行星齒輪傅動裝置，主要具有一傳動軸與一從動軸，係利用滾動軸承設置在一 齒輪箱內。傳動軸係與一與行星齒輪喔合的人陽齒輪鍋合，而且在行星螺栓上被固定 在一行星齒輪架上，該行星齒輪架則藉·一完全密封的連接與從動軸耦合。行星齒輪則 與一藉一滾動軸承在齒輪箱或行星齒輪架內可旋轉樞接的內齒輪互相耦合，而且完全 密封地與軸套互相連接。軸套藉一外部齒輪嚼合機構與離合器套的第一部份可旋轉地 被固定連接。在離合器套上具有一滾動軸承。此外，一外部機件在齒輪箱內係可軸向 移動地被引導在一軸承螺栓上，而且該軸向位移係由外部機件轉移至滾動軸承上。 該離合器套能在三個連接位置（即三個排檔位置）作用，即一空擒位置（中和 位置），一第一連接位置（即一檔位置），在此位置內齒輪係藉一耦合齒輪機構與齒輪 箱耦合與一第二連接位置（即二檔位置），在此位置內齒輪係藉一具有一喔合齒輪結 構與一閉鎖連接機構的一耦合元件與太陽齒輪耦合。此外，該耦合元件係與傳動軸樞 接在--起。 離合器套的位移係利用一開關裝置來實現，其調整元件係一電磁閥或—馬達的 開關元件，而且其電樞係可傳動地與離合器套互相連接。 現代化的工具機對轉速、振動値與精密度的要求越來越高。行星齒輪傳動裝置 係工具機傳動裝置的部份結構，係可能的振動源，振動會受到轉速的提高而增加，而 1342933 且對工件的表面處理有不利的影響》 其振動的原因可歸咎於行星齒輪傳動裝置的不平衡。開關元件，例如：離合器套 需要有餘隙以便能夠運動。餘隙可能導致非同心的運動而產生不平衡。例如：一般1.6 公斤（Kg)重量的離合器套偏離中心位置0.1公厘（謂〇移動時，可能已產生160公 克公厘（gmm)的不平衡’而產生極高的振動。此外，行星齒輪傳動裝置在高轉速（減 速比i = 1:1)運轉時，欲達到高精密的工件表面處理要求，只能利用振動力少的工具機 才能實現。 【發明内容】 有鑑於上述齒輪傳動裝置所存在的一些缺陷，本發明的目的，在提供一種在高轉 速加工工件表面處理時，不致於產生振動或振動力微乎其微的行星齒輪傳動裝置。 本發明的目的可利用請求專利範圍第1項所述的行星齒輪傳動裝置來達成。其有 利的結構設計，係如其他項請求專利範圍所說明。 本發明係一種行星齒輪傳動裝置，尤指一種應用在工具機上的二段變速行星齒輪 傳動裝置，該裝置主要包括有： —與一太陽齒輪（又稱恒星齒輪）互相連接的傳動軸； 一與一行星齒輪架互相連接的從動軸； 一在第一連接位置（即一檔位置）能與齒輪箱連接，而且在第二連接位置（即二 ^ 位置）能與太陽齒輪連接的內齒輪； 一可同心地環繞傳動軸的傳動軸環； 〜可同心地環繞傳動軸環，而且在第一與第二檔位置能與傳動軸環互相嚼合的離合器 套》 依據本發明，該能與傳動軸環的心軸同心運動的在背向內齒輪的一·邊，具有一能 與傳動軸環的心軸同心運動的定心裝置，該定心裝置在離合器套的噻合位置與傳動軸 環，係環繞一能與傳動軸環的心軸同心運動，而且在該心軸上設置的定心軸環，且依靠 在其上。 該離合器套在一排檔位置係依靠在傳動軸環的定心軸環上，其優點在於，該離合 器套在此檔位置與傳統的行星齒輪傳動裝置比較時’其傳動軸環與離合器間的間隙明顯 較小，而且只是定心裝置與定心軸環間的配合間隙而已。其主要功能，換句話說，在離1342933 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a planetary gear transmission, and more particularly to a planetary gear transmission device for use on a machine tool. [Prior Art] According to the conventional planetary gear transmission, a one-stage or multi-stage variable speed planetary gear transmission structure is generally used, which is mainly applied to a machine tool transmission mechanism and a working machine such as a lathe, a milling machine and a processing machine. The variable speed planetary gearing increases the output power of the spindle motor to increase the flexibility of the machine tool by machining different materials with higher torque or higher speed. For example, a planetary gear transmission can have a two-stage shifting function. On the one hand, a transmission shaft interconnected with a sun gear (also called a sun gear) can be connected to an internal gear, and the internal gear train is The gearboxes are in agreement with each other. In addition, a planetary gear carrier is interconnected with the drive shaft. A planetary gear transmission as described in German Patent No. DE 199 17 673, which is a two-stage variable speed planetary gear drive, mainly having a transmission shaft and a driven shaft, which are arranged in a gear box by using rolling bearings Inside. The drive shaft is coupled to a male gear that is coupled to the planet gears and is fixed to a planet carrier on a planet carrier that is coupled to the driven shaft by a fully sealed connection. The planet gears are coupled to a rotatably pivoted internal gear in a gearbox or planet carrier by a rolling bearing and are integrally sealed to the bushing. The sleeve is rotatably fixedly coupled to the first portion of the clutch sleeve by an external gear chewing mechanism. There is a rolling bearing on the clutch sleeve. In addition, an external member is axially movably guided in a gearbox onto a bearing bolt and the axial displacement is transferred from the external member to the rolling bearing. The clutch sleeve can be operated in three connection positions (ie, three gear positions), that is, an open position (neutral position), a first connection position (ie, a first position), in which the gear train borrows a coupling gear The mechanism is coupled to the gearbox and to a second connection position (i.e., the second gear position) in which the gear train is coupled to the sun gear by a coupling member having a twisting gear structure and a latching coupling mechanism. In addition, the coupling element is pivotally coupled to the drive shaft. The displacement of the clutch sleeve is achieved by a switching device whose adjustment element is a solenoid valve or a switching element of the motor, and whose armature is drivably coupled to the clutch sleeve. Modern machine tools are increasingly demanding speed, vibration and precision. The planetary gear transmission is part of the structure of the machine tool transmission. It is a possible vibration source. The vibration will increase with the increase of the rotational speed, and the 1342933 has an adverse effect on the surface treatment of the workpiece. The reason for the vibration can be attributed to the planet. Unbalanced gearing. Switching elements, such as clutch sleeves, require clearance to be able to move. Clearance may result in non-concentric motion resulting in an imbalance. For example, a clutch sleeve of 1.6 kg (Kg) in weight is 0.1 mm away from the center position (it may have produced an imbalance of 160 gm (gmm) when moving, and generates extremely high vibration. In addition, the planetary gear transmission When the device is operated at a high rotational speed (deceleration ratio i = 1:1), it is only possible to achieve a high-precision workpiece surface treatment requirement by using a machine tool with less vibration force. [Invention] In view of the above-mentioned gear transmission Some of the drawbacks of the present invention are to provide a planetary gear transmission that does not generate vibration or vibrational forces when the surface of the workpiece is machined at high rotational speeds. The object of the present invention is to utilize the invention described in claim 1 The planetary gear transmission is achieved. The advantageous structural design is as described in the other patent claims. The invention is a planetary gear transmission, in particular a two-speed planetary gear transmission applied to a machine tool, The device mainly comprises: - a transmission shaft connected to a sun gear (also called a sun gear); a driven shaft that is connected to the carrier; an internal gear that can be coupled to the gearbox in the first connection position (ie, the first gear position) and that can be coupled to the sun gear in the second connection position (ie, the second position); a drive collar concentrically surrounding the drive shaft; a clutch sleeve concentrically surrounding the drive collar and capable of chewing with the drive collar in the first and second gear positions. According to the present invention, the energy and drive collar The mandrel is concentrically moved on one side of the inner gear and has a centering device that can move concentrically with the mandrel of the drive collar. The centering device is in the acetylated position of the clutch sleeve and the drive collar. Surrounding a mandrel that is concentric with the mandrel of the drive collar, and a centering collar disposed on the mandrel, and resting thereon. The clutch sleeve rests on the centering collar of the drive collar in a gear position The advantage is that when the clutch sleeve is compared with the conventional planetary gear transmission, the gap between the transmission collar and the clutch is significantly smaller, and only the matching gap between the centering device and the centering collar is obtained. It has its main function, in other words, away from the
I 1342933 合器套與傳動軸環間產生閉鏔連接，可以完全維持。 依據本發明另一有利的結構’其離合器套軸承係利用一在軸向收縮配合的護圈來固 定，其優點在於，如此不會產生額外的不平衡。 依據本發明另一有利的結構’該與傳動軸環的定心軸環於離合器套的定心裝置接近 時’首先接觸而且與移動方向橫向運動的定心裝置的側面具有斜度；同樣地，該與定心 裝置接近時’首先接觸而且與定心裝置的移動方向橫向運動的定心軸環的側面也可以具 有斜度，其優點在於’在離合器套與定心裝履的傳動軸環少許偏移的情況，也能夠毫無 問題地在定心軸環上運動。 爲使貴密查委員能對本發明作更進一步的認識與了解，茲舉一實施例配合一圖 式，進一步舉一應用在工具機上具有本發明結構的二段式變速行星齒輪傳動裝置贲施 例，詳細說明如下： 【實施方式】 本發明係一種「行星齒輪傳動裝置」’請參照第1圖所示，其係一種應用在工具 機上的行星齒輪傳動裝置，主要包括有：一與-一太陽齒輪2互相連接的傳動軸1 ; - ·與 一行星齒輪架10互相連接的從動軸3 ; —行星齒輪11 ; 一在第一連接位置（即一檔位 ®)能與行星齒輪傳動裝置的齒輪箱12連接，而且在第二連接位骰（即二檔位置）能 與太陽齒輪2藉一傳動軸環6互相連接的內齒輪4; 一可同心地環繞傳動軸1的傅動軸 環6 ;與一可在第一與第二檔位置間切換作用的離合器套5，其中，該離合器套5係可 軸向運動地被樞接固定在一內齒輪4上。 如該第1圖上半部所示，該離合器套5係與一刹車盤14互相嚼合’在此連接位 置係相當於二段變速行星齒輪傳動裝置i >1的齒輪（傅動）速比（又稱齒輪減速比）。 依據本發明一有利的結構，該離合器套5在背向內齒輪4的一邊，具有一能與傳 動軸環6同心運動的定心裝置7，該定心裝置7如該第1圖下半部所示，在i >1的齒 輪（傳動）速比，在離合器套5的嚼合位置與傳動軸環6，係環繞一能與傳動軸環6的 心軸同心運動，而且在該心軸上設置的定心軸環8，且依靠在其上。 依據本發明另一有利的結構’該與定心軸環8於定心裝置7接近時，首先接觸而 且與移動方向橫向運動的定心裝置7的側面具有斜度；同樣地，該與定心裝置7接近 1342933 時’首先接觸而且與定心裝置7的移動方向橫向運動的定心軸環8的側面也可以具有 斜度’其讎嫌’在定心裝置7與定心軸環8間少許偏_情況，該定心、裝置7也 能夠毫無問題地在定心軸環8上運動。 如上所述’在職與倚靠在定心軸環8後，定心裝置7與定心軸環8間的間隙， 在與傳統1¾¾行麵輪傳麵纖合黯5剛齒輪4峨輪齡結構之間所形成的間 隙互相比較時，明顯較小。 此外，在該定心裝置7的上方，具有一收縮配合固定離合器套軸承丨3的護圈9。 該軸向固定的護圈9的主要功能在於防止產生額外的不平衡。 在此必須強調的是，在上述第1圖中所示的連接位置（齒輪減速比（{>1))時， 在該離合器套5難動軸環6之間不需定心，因爲紐歷位置，該離合器套5係與 一刹車裝置或刹車盤14互相曝合。 在該離合器套5與一傳動軸環ό互相作用的末端上設置一定心裝置7，以及在傳 動心軸上設置一定心軸環8 ’不限制只能應用在工具機上的行星齒輪傳動裝置，也可以 應用在其他的其離合器套5與一傳動軸環6互相嚼合，或者與其他連接元件互相聯動 的傳動裝置上’例如：可以應用在車輛的傳動裝置上，其優點在於可以減少傳動時所 產生的噪音，也可以明顯降低傳動裝置的空載噪音。 綜上所述，本發明的一種行星齒輪傳動裝置，不但可改良習用技術的各種缺點， 且在使用上能增進功效’合於實用，充份符合發明專利的要件，實爲一理想的發明， 又’以上所述’僅爲本發明的較佳實施例，並非用來對本發明加以限制者，凡本發明 申請專利範圍所做的均等修飾與變化，皆應屬本發明專利之涵蓋範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明之示意圖》 【主要元件符號說明】 太陽齒輪 ……2 內齒輪 ......4 傳動軸環 ......6 定心軸環 ……8 傳動軸 ...... 從動軸 ...... 離合器套 …… 定心裝置 ...... 1342933 護圈 ……9 行星齒輪 ……11 離合器套軸承 ……13 行星齒輪架 ……10 齒輪箱 ……12 刹車盤 …… 14The I 1342933 combiner sleeve and the drive collar create a closed connection that is fully maintained. According to another advantageous construction of the invention, the clutch sleeve bearing is secured by a retaining ring that is axially retracted, which has the advantage that no additional imbalance is created. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the side of the centering device which first contacts and moves transversely to the direction of movement has a slope when the centering collar of the drive collar approaches the centering device of the clutch sleeve; likewise, The side of the centering collar that is in contact with the centering device and moves laterally with the moving direction of the centering device may also have a slope when approaching the centering device, which has the advantage that 'the clutch sleeve and the centering gear are slightly small. In the case of an offset, it is also possible to move on the centering collar without any problem. In order to enable the members of the company to further understand and understand the present invention, an embodiment is combined with a drawing, and a two-stage variable speed planetary gear transmission device having the structure of the present invention applied to a machine tool is further described. For example, the present invention is a "planetary gear transmission device". Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a planetary gear transmission device applied to a machine tool, which mainly includes: a transmission shaft 1 in which a sun gear 2 is connected to each other; - a driven shaft 3 interconnected with a planetary carrier 10; - a planetary gear 11; and a planetary gear transmission in a first connection position (ie, a gear position®) The gear box 12 of the device is connected, and the internal gear 4 which can be connected to the sun gear 2 by a transmission collar 6 in the second connection position 即 (ie, the second gear position); a bi-axis that can concentrically surround the transmission shaft 1 The ring 6 is coupled to a clutch sleeve 5 that is switchable between the first and second gear positions, wherein the clutch sleeve 5 is pivotally fixed to an internal gear 4 in an axially movable manner. As shown in the upper half of the first figure, the clutch sleeve 5 is woven with a brake disc 14 in a position corresponding to the gear (Four speed) of the two-speed shifting planetary gear transmission i > Ratio (also known as gear reduction ratio). According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clutch sleeve 5 has a centering device 7 which is movable concentrically with the drive collar 6 on the side facing away from the internal gear 4, the centering device 7 being as in the lower half of the first figure As shown, the gear (drive) speed ratio of i >1, in the gripping position of the clutch sleeve 5 and the drive collar 6, is concentrically moved around the mandrel of the drive collar 6, and at the mandrel The centering collar 8 is placed thereon and rests on it. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the side of the centering device 7 which first contacts and moves transversely to the direction of movement has a slope when approaching the centering device 8; likewise, the centering When the device 7 is close to 1342933, the side of the centering collar 8 which first contacts and moves laterally with the direction of movement of the centering device 7 can also have a slope 'a little bit' between the centering device 7 and the centering collar 8 In this case, the centering device 7 can also be moved over the centering collar 8 without any problems. As described above, after the service and the support of the centering collar 8, the gap between the centering device 7 and the centering collar 8 is combined with the conventional 13⁄4⁄4 row wheel, 黯5 rigid gear 4峨 wheel age structure The gaps formed between them are significantly smaller when compared with each other. Furthermore, above the centering device 7, there is a retaining ring 9 that shrinks and secures the clutch sleeve bearing bore 3. The primary function of the axially fixed retainer 9 is to prevent additional imbalances. It must be emphasized here that, in the connection position (gear reduction ratio ({>1)) shown in the above first figure, there is no need to center between the clutch collars 5 of the clutch sleeve 5, because In the calendar position, the clutch sleeve 5 is in contact with a brake device or brake disc 14 . A centering device 7 is arranged on the end of the clutch sleeve 5 interacting with a drive shaft ring, and a certain mandrel ring 8 is arranged on the drive spindle. The planetary gear transmission that can only be applied to the machine tool is not limited. It can also be applied to other transmissions whose clutch sleeve 5 and a transmission collar 6 are mutually chewed or interlocked with other connecting elements. For example, it can be applied to a transmission of a vehicle, which has the advantage of reducing transmission time. The noise generated can also significantly reduce the no-load noise of the transmission. In summary, the planetary gear transmission of the present invention not only can improve various shortcomings of the conventional technology, but also can improve the efficiency in use, and it is an ideal invention, which is fully practical and fully meets the requirements of the invention patent. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All modifications and variations of the scope of the present invention should be construed as the scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] Sun gears... 2 Internal gears... 4 Drive collars... 6 Centering collars... ...8 drive shaft... driven shaft... clutch sleeve... centering device... 1342933 retainer...9 planetary gear...11 clutch sleeve bearing...13 planet Gear carrier...10 Gearbox...12 Brake disc... 14