200524704 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係一種工具機傳動裝置，尤指一種應用在工具機上的齒輪軸傳動裝置。 【先前技術】 按，類似的傳統齒輪軸傳動裝置，通常是包括一個二段變速行星齒輪傳動裝置 與一個適當的開關裝置，而且在設計上係與主軸平行，利用傳動皮帶或齒輪將動力傳 動至主軸。利用傳動皮帶傳動動力需要張緊的高功率傳動皮帶與適配的皮帶輪，以達 到高傳動扭力效果。從動機構需要滾柱軸承或類似的滾珠軸承，因爲傳動皮帶力量很 大，然而，在高轉速情形較大尺寸的滾珠軸承只能有限度地被應用是其缺點。此外， 滾珠軸承本身具有徑向間隙，因此，使用時在齒輪傳動裝置的行星齒輪架內會產生不 平衡與振動。齒輪軸傳動裝置若使用錐形齒輪曝合機構時，從動軸會產生軸向力，該 軸向力需予吸收。這些解決辦法有其缺點，由於傳動機構與主軸間的動力傳動，一般 其噪音値很高。 【發明内容】 有鑑於上述齒輪傳動裝置所存在的一些缺陷，本發明的主要目的，在提供一種工 具機傳動裝置，尤指一種應用在工具機上能夠減少噪音値的齒輪軸傳動裝置。 本發明的另一目的，在提供一種應用在工具機上能夠減少振動値、生產成本，而 且能夠減省使用空間的齒輪軸傳動裝置。 本發明的目的可利用請求專利範圍第1項所述的齒輪軸傳動裝置的特徵來達成。 其有利的結構設計，係如其他項請求專利範圍所說明。 依據本發明的齒輪軸傳動裝置，利用該裝置可將動力或扭力由齒輪軸傳動裝置的 從動軸直接傳動至主軸，而且該主軸的設計係與從動軸同軸。其中，該齒輪軸傳動裝置 的從動軸係與主軸直接連接，而且該主軸與從動軸係利用強制閉鎖或張力連接的方式連 接。也可以在主軸與從動軸間設置一連接元件。 依據本發明另一特別有利的結構，該傳動主軸的從動軸可以設計樞設在一很短的 軸承箱內部，其優點在於，可以明顯地縮短傳動裝置的總長度。 依據本發明另一有利的結構，該從動軸的軸承適合使用幾乎是無間隙的軸承，例 如：錐形滾珠軸承；因此，旋轉扭力可以無振動地被傳動至主軸上。 200524704 利用本發明的理念，主軸不需採用傳動皮帶或齒輪來傳動，因此能夠避免操作時 所產生的振動與噪音，皮帶傳動時所產生的高溫以及結構上所局限的轉速限制等缺點。 此外，由於不使用傳動皮帶、皮帶輪或齒輪，因此，可以明顯地節省費用；例如：不需 潤滑與冷卻從動的齒輪。 本發明的另一項優點在於，可以明顯降低軸承間的潤滑油飛濺損失，因爲在此範 圍只有很少的油量。 本發明的另一項優點在於，從動機構不需保養；傳統的傳動裝置傳動皮帶需隨時 重新張緊處理或更換。此外，也可以避免由於直接的旋轉扭力傳動，原因在，傳動皮 帶預張力調整不當時，一方面可能使主軸軸承受損，另一方面可能會產生傳動皮帶滑 動的情形。主軸軸承的使用壽命因而可以延長，因爲不會有由於傳動皮帶動力、齒輪 動力與軸向力所產生的側向力施加於主軸軸承上。 依據本發明，傳動裝置的所有組件係設置在一齒輪箱內，能獨立作業不致於受外 在因素（例如：在利用傳動皮帶傳動情形，在使用冷卻液噴霧時可能導致傳動皮帶滑 落的危險）的影響。此外，所有組件係設置在一齒輪箱內，也能提高工作安全，因爲 不存在自由旋轉的機件。 爲使貴審查委員能對本發明作更進一步的認識與了解，茲進一步舉一實施例配 合一圖式，詳細說明如下。由於行星齒輪傳動裝置，例如：應用在工具機上的齒輪傳動 裝置’尤其是齒輪軸傳動裝置爲專家所熟知，例如：申請人的歐洲專利HP i _ 582 B1， 因此，它亦可以應用在其他種類的傳動裝置上。 【實施方式】 本發明係一種「工具機傳動裝置」，請參照第1圖所示，尤指一種齒輪軸傳動裝 置1，主要包括有一傳動軸2，一從動軸3與一在動力流動方向介於傳動軸2與從動軸 3之間所設置的二段變速行星齒輪傳動裝置。該行星齒輪傳動裝置具有_與該傳動軸2 連接的太陽齒輪4，一樞設在一內齒輪軸承6內部的內齒輪5與一具有行星齒輪8而且 可構成行星齒輪傳動裝置的從動的一行星齒輪架7 〇 該齒輪軸傳動裝置1的開關元件包括一離合器套9，一調檔叉（撥叉）1〇與一刹 車盤11 ;開關單元包括一電磁閥12供控制與該調檔叉（撥叉）1〇互相連接的排檔桿 13 〇其中，該離合器套9能接受一中和位置（即空橋位置），一第一連接位置（即一檔 200524704 位置），在此位置，該內齒輪5係與一齒輪箱14互相嚅合；以及一第二連接位置（即 二檔位置），在此位置，該內齒輪Μ系與太陽齒輪4互相囈合。 該從動軸3係利用設在一軸承箱15內的錐形滾珠軸承16、17來樞接；藉此，扭 力能夠被從動軸3無振動地傳動至一主軸（spindle)上。因此，該從動軸3能夠與主 軸直接連接，因而，可以有一同軸與節省空間的設計。 按，以上所述，僅爲本發明的較佳實施例，並非用來對本發明加以限制者，凡本 發明申請專利範圍所做的均等修飾與變化，皆應屬本發明專利之涵蓋範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明之示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 齒輪軸傳動裝置 ……1 傳動軸 …… 2 從動軸 ·· …· 3 太陽齒輪 …… 4 內囫輪 ·· …· 5 內齒輪軸承 …… 6 行星齒輪架 ·· …· 7 行星齒輪 …… 8 離合器套 ·· …· 9 調檔叉 ......10 刹車盤 ·· …· 11 電磁閥 …… 12 排檔桿 ·· …· 13 齒輪箱 …… 14 軸承箱 ·· …· 15 錐形滾珠軸承 …… 16、17 11200524704 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a machine tool transmission device, particularly a gear shaft transmission device applied to the machine tool. [Previous technology] According to the similar traditional gear shaft transmission, it usually includes a two-stage variable-speed planetary gear transmission and an appropriate switching device, and it is designed to be parallel to the main shaft, using a transmission belt or gear to transmit power to Spindle. The use of a transmission belt to drive power requires a tensioned high-power transmission belt and an adapted pulley to achieve a high transmission torque effect. The driven mechanism requires a roller bearing or a similar ball bearing because the transmission belt is very strong. However, a large-sized ball bearing can only be used to a limited extent at high speeds. This is a disadvantage. In addition, the ball bearing itself has a radial clearance, so when it is used, an imbalance and vibration will occur in the planetary gear carrier of the gear transmission. If a bevel gear exposure mechanism is used for the gear shaft transmission, the driven shaft will generate an axial force, which needs to be absorbed. These solutions have their shortcomings. Due to the power transmission between the transmission mechanism and the main shaft, the noise is generally very high. [Summary of the Invention] In view of some defects of the above-mentioned gear transmission device, the main object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool transmission device, particularly a gear shaft transmission device capable of reducing noise and noise when applied to a machine tool. Another object of the present invention is to provide a gear shaft transmission device which can be used in a machine tool, which can reduce vibration and production cost, and can reduce the use space. The object of the present invention can be achieved by using the characteristics of the gear shaft transmission device described in the first claim. Its advantageous structural design is described in the scope of other patents. According to the gear shaft transmission device of the present invention, power or torque can be directly transmitted from the driven shaft of the gear shaft transmission device to the main shaft by using the device, and the design of the main shaft is coaxial with the driven shaft. Among them, the driven shaft of the gear shaft transmission is directly connected to the main shaft, and the main shaft and the driven shaft are connected by means of forced locking or tension connection. It is also possible to provide a connecting element between the main shaft and the driven shaft. According to another particularly advantageous structure of the present invention, the driven shaft of the transmission main shaft can be designed to be pivotally arranged inside a short bearing housing, which has the advantage that the overall length of the transmission can be significantly shortened. According to another advantageous structure of the present invention, the bearing of the driven shaft is suitable for using a bearing with almost no clearance, such as a tapered ball bearing; therefore, the rotational torque can be transmitted to the main shaft without vibration. 200524704 Utilizing the concept of the present invention, the main shaft does not need to use a transmission belt or gear for transmission, so it can avoid the disadvantages of vibration and noise generated during operation, high temperature generated during belt transmission, and structurally limited speed limit. In addition, significant savings can be made because no drive belts, pulleys or gears are used; for example: no need to lubricate and cool the driven gears. Another advantage of the present invention is that lubricant splash loss between bearings can be significantly reduced, as only a small amount of oil is in this range. Another advantage of the present invention is that the driven mechanism does not require maintenance; the conventional transmission device transmission belt needs to be retensioned or replaced at any time. In addition, direct rotation torque transmission can also be avoided. The reason is that improper adjustment of the pretension of the transmission belt may cause damage to the main shaft bearings on the one hand, and slippage of the transmission belt on the other. The service life of the spindle bearing can therefore be extended, because no lateral forces due to the drive belt power, gear power and axial forces are applied to the spindle bearing. According to the present invention, all the components of the transmission device are arranged in a gear box, which can work independently without being affected by external factors (for example, when using a transmission belt to drive, the danger of the transmission belt slipping when using coolant spray) Impact. In addition, all components are housed in a gearbox, which also improves work safety, as there are no freely rotating parts. In order to enable your reviewing committee to further understand and understand the present invention, an embodiment is further combined with a diagram, which is described in detail below. As the planetary gear transmission, for example: the gear transmission applied to machine tools, especially the gear shaft transmission is well known to experts, such as the applicant's European patent HP i _ 582 B1, it can also be applied to other Kind of transmission. [Embodiment] The present invention is a "machine tool transmission", please refer to FIG. 1, especially a gear shaft transmission 1, mainly including a transmission shaft 2, a driven shaft 3 and a power flow direction A two-stage variable-speed planetary gear transmission set between the transmission shaft 2 and the driven shaft 3. The planetary gear transmission has a sun gear 4 connected to the transmission shaft 2, an internal gear 5 pivotally disposed inside an internal gear bearing 6, and a planetary gear 8 which can form a driven one of the planetary gear transmission. Planetary gear carrier 7 The switching element of the gear shaft transmission device 1 includes a clutch sleeve 9, a shift fork (shift fork) 10 and a brake disc 11; the switch unit includes a solenoid valve 12 for control and the shift fork (Shift fork) 10. The gear levers 13 connected to each other. Among them, the clutch sleeve 9 can accept a neutral position (ie, the empty bridge position) and a first connection position (ie, the first gear 200524704 position). In this position, the The internal gear 5 is coupled with a gear box 14; and a second connection position (ie, the second gear position), at which the internal gear M is coupled with the sun gear 4. The driven shaft 3 is pivotally connected by using tapered ball bearings 16 and 17 provided in a bearing housing 15; thereby, the torque can be transmitted to a spindle without vibration by the driven shaft 3. Therefore, the driven shaft 3 can be directly connected to the main shaft, and therefore, a coaxial and space-saving design can be achieved. According to the above, it is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any equal modifications and changes made in the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention. [Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention. [Description of symbols of main components] Gear shaft transmission ... 1 Drive shaft ... 2 Drive shaft ... 2 Sun gear ... 4 Inner wheel ... 5 Internal gear bearing ... 6 Planetary gear carrier ... … · 7 Planetary gears ... 8 Clutch sleeves ... 9 Gear shift forks ... 10 Brake discs ... 11 Solenoid valves ... 12 Gear levers ... 13 Gearboxes ... 14 Bearings Boxes ... 15 Tapered ball bearings ... 16, 17 11