1314079 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於製作成預先決定工具的使用條件、及用 來從爲了使用於加工之工具的使用來歷判定該工具的使用 之可否的界限値，而依照使用條件來進行加工，且將使用 來歷已達到界限値的工具交換的加工方法及加工裝置。 【先前技術】 第2圖是顯示固定加工條件而藉由鑽頭來加工時的孔 數與相對於目標値的偏離量（偏差）之關係的模式圖。 如同圖所示，固定加工條件而藉由鑽頭而加工孔的情 況，隨著已加工之孔數的增加而降低加工精度。於是，加 工者進行試驗加工，從加工效能及加工精度之點決定加工 條件（鑽頭的旋轉數、切入速度），並且決定了進行加工 的上限値（例如，印刷電路板加工機的情況，上限値爲 3 0 0 0左右）。如此進行的話，可進行加工精度及加工品 質優良的加工° 【發明內容】 〔發明所欲解決之課題〕 可是，使用在加工之鑽頭的支數是被反映於加工後的 工件之製造成本。爲此’進行工件之製造成本廉價化有及 界限。 本發明的目的是解決在上述先前技術的課題，提供可 (2) 1314079 減低工件之製造成本的加工方法及加工裝置。 〔用以解決課題之手段〕 爲了達成上述的目的，在本發明的第1形態是在製作 成預先決定工具的使用條件、及用來從爲了使用於加工之 工具的使用來歷判定該工具的使用之可否的界限値，而依 照上述使用條件而進行加工，且交換上述使用來歷已達到 上述界限値的工具的加工方法之中，將到達上述界限値爲 止的經過分割成複數個範圍，並且決定每個分割後的上述 範圍之使用條件，工具的上述使用來歷一邊將每個超過上 述範圍之該工具的使用條件改變且一邊進行加工，該工具 的使用程度在達到了上述界限値時將該工具交換成其他的 上述工具爲其特徵。 另外，在本發明的第2形態是具備設定工具的使用條 件的使用條件設定手段、設定用來評價該工具的使用程度 的複數個界限値的界限値設定手段、記憶每個上述工具之 使用來歷的手段、上述工具的交換手段、及保持複數個工 具的工具保持手段，由於藉由第1形態的加工方法而一邊 交換工具且一邊進行加工爲其特徵的加工裝置。 【實施方式】 本發明者，針對在對應於加工孔數而加工精度如何地 變化，一邊改變加工條件，且一邊進行試驗。 第I圖是顯示根據本發明之加工時的孔數與相對於目 -6- (3) 1314079 標値的偏離量之關係的模式圖，測定了偏離量的位置是以 在第3枚的基板之鑽頭出口（背面）的孔位置之偏差的平 均値+ 3σ (但是，σ是標準偏差）所顯示。 此處，加工條件是如下所述。 (1 )鑽頭的直徑：〇.12mm (2) 鑽頭的旋轉數：每分鐘16萬轉 (3) 工件的材質：兩面基板（單側的銅箔之板厚12 H m ) (4) 工件的板厚：重疊3枚板厚0.4 mm者 圖中，虛線是以切入速度F爲每分鐘1.6 m的情況， 實線是1〜4000個爲止之以切入速度F爲每分鐘1.6m， 而且4001〜10000個之以切入速度F爲每分鐘1.12m的情 況。 另外’圖中的A是顯示從加工孔數1到2000個的偏 差’ B是顯示從加工孔數1到4000個的偏差，C是顯示 從加工孔數1到6000個的偏差，D是顯示從加工孔數1 到8 000個的偏差’ E是顯示從加工孔數1到1 0000個的 偏差。 如同圖所示’當從第4001個使切入速度F降低到每 分鐘1 _ 1 2mm時’明白加工精度提高。因此，例如作爲加 工精度而偏差必須要爲4 0 μιη以下的情況，以往，界限値 爲4 000個左右增加到6000個左右，亦即，因爲能將鑽頭 的使用數進行到60%左右，所以能減低工件的製造成 本。 (4) 1314079 如以上說明，根據本發明的話，因爲不使加工精度降 低就可增大使用界限値，所以能減低工件的製造成本。 而且，在該例是雖然說明關於僅變更1次切入速度的 情況，但是能發現適切的條件之情況是不侷限於1次，也 可製作成變更複數次。 另外，此處是雖然改變切入速度，但是也可製作成改 變鑽頭的旋轉數、或將鑽頭從定位於在加工點完了到對工 件開始切入之所謂的暫停時間（dwell)。 另外，此處是雖然說明關於僅改變1次加工速度的情 況，但是也可製作成改變複數次。 另外，所變更的條件是不僅減慢切入速度的情況，也 包含增快切入速度的情況。 亦即，新鑽頭的情況，從使用開始到1 〇〇個左右的孔 雖然加工精度偏差，但是經驗性地明白其後偏差會變小。 於是，例如將1〜1〇〇個的切入速度較通常的情況更慢， 從第101個也可製作成進行通常的切入速度。 而且，具備設定工具的使用條件的使用條件設定手 段、記億每個工具使用來歷的手段、工具的交換手段、及 保持複數個工具的工具保持手段’而在製作成以所謂的無 人化操作工件之加工的加工機，當設置將用來評價工具的 使用來歷的複數個界限値設定的界限値設定手段時’因爲 鑽頭的使用個數減少，所以用同樣支數的鑽頭加工的情 況，可將連續加工的時間拉長。另外’工具的保養變爲容 易。 -8 - (5) 1314079 而且’在上述雖然說明關於鑽孔的情況，但是例如在 使用端銑刀而加工印刷電路板的外形的裝置之情況，也可 製作成在加工途中使切削速度變化。 〔發明的效果〕 如以上說明，根據本發明的話，在製作成預先決定工 具的使用條件、及用來從爲了使用於加工之工具的使用來 歷判定該工具的使用之可否的界限値，而依照上述使用條 件而進行加工，且交換上述使用來歷已達到上述界限値的 工具的加工方法之中，將到達上述界限値爲止的經過分割 成複數個範圍，並且決定每個分割後的上述範圍之使用條 件，工具的上述使用來歷一邊將每個超過上述範圍之該工 具的使用條件改變且一邊進行加工，該工具的使用程度在 達到了上述界限値時因爲將該工具交換成其他的上述工 具，所以能減低工件的製造成本。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是顯示根據本發明之加工時的孔數與相對於目 標値的偏離量之關係的模式圖。 第2圖是顯示固定加工條件而藉由鑽頭來加工時的孔 數與相對於目標値的偏離量之關係的模式圖。1314079 (1) Description of the Invention [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a use condition for preparing a predetermined tool, and a limit for determining whether or not the tool can be used from the use of a tool for processing.値, and processing according to the conditions of use, and the processing method and processing apparatus of the tool exchange that has reached the limit 将 will be used. [Prior Art] Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the number of holes when machining by a drill and the amount of deviation (deviation) with respect to the target 固定, which are fixed machining conditions. As shown in the figure, when the machining conditions are fixed and the hole is machined by the drill, the machining accuracy is lowered as the number of holes to be machined increases. Then, the processor performs the test processing, and determines the machining conditions (the number of rotations of the drill bit, the cutting speed) from the point of the machining efficiency and the machining accuracy, and determines the upper limit of the machining (for example, in the case of a printed circuit board processing machine, the upper limit 値It is around 3 0 0). In this way, it is possible to perform processing with excellent processing precision and processing quality. [Explanation] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the number of drills used for processing is reflected in the manufacturing cost of the workpiece after processing. For this reason, there is a limit to the cost of manufacturing the workpiece. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above and to provide a machining method and a processing apparatus which can reduce the manufacturing cost of a workpiece by (2) 1314079. [Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, the use condition of the tool is determined in advance, and the use of the tool is determined from the use of the tool used for processing. In the processing method of the tool that has been processed according to the above-described use conditions and exchanged the above-mentioned limit 値, the process of reaching the above-mentioned limit 分割 is divided into a plurality of ranges, and each of the determinations is determined. The use condition of the above-mentioned range after the division, the above-mentioned use of the tool is to change the use condition of the tool exceeding the above range while processing, and the degree of use of the tool is changed when the above limit is reached. Other features of the above tools are featured. Further, a second aspect of the present invention is a use condition setting means for setting a use condition of a tool, a limit setting means for setting a plurality of limits for evaluating the degree of use of the tool, and a memory usage history of each of the tools. The means, the means for exchanging the tools, and the tool holding means for holding a plurality of tools are processing means which are characterized by the processing of the tool by the processing method of the first aspect. [Embodiment] The present inventors conducted tests while changing the processing conditions in accordance with how the machining accuracy changes in accordance with the number of machining holes. Fig. I is a schematic view showing the relationship between the number of holes in the processing according to the present invention and the amount of deviation from the target -6-(3) 1314079, and the position at which the amount of deviation is measured is the substrate at the third The average deviation of the hole positions of the drill outlet (back) is 値 + 3σ (however, σ is the standard deviation). Here, the processing conditions are as follows. (1) Diameter of the drill: 〇.12mm (2) Number of rotations of the drill: 160,000 rpm (3) Material of the workpiece: two-sided substrate (one-sided copper foil thickness 12 H m ) (4) Workpiece Plate thickness: In the case of overlapping three plates with a thickness of 0.4 mm, the dotted line is the case where the cutting speed F is 1.6 m per minute, and the solid line is 1 to 4000 so that the cutting speed F is 1.6 m per minute, and 4001~ 10,000 of them have a cutting speed F of 1.12 m per minute. In addition, 'A in the figure shows the deviation from the number of machining holes 1 to 2000' B is the deviation from 1 to 4000 in the number of machining holes, C is the deviation from 1 to 6000 in the number of machining holes, and D is the display. The deviation from the number of machined holes 1 to 8 000 'E is the deviation from the number of machined holes 1 to 1 0000. As shown in the figure, 'When the cutting speed F is lowered from the 4001 to 1 _ 1 2 mm per minute', the machining accuracy is improved. Therefore, for example, the variation in the processing accuracy must be 40 μm or less. In the related art, the limit 値 is increased from about 4,000 to about 6,000, that is, since the number of drills can be used up to about 60%, It can reduce the manufacturing cost of the workpiece. (4) 1314079 As described above, according to the present invention, since the use limit 値 can be increased without lowering the machining accuracy, the manufacturing cost of the workpiece can be reduced. Further, in this example, the case where only the cutting speed is changed once is described. However, the case where the appropriate conditions are found is not limited to one time, and it may be changed to a plurality of times. Further, although the cutting speed is changed here, it is also possible to change the number of revolutions of the drill or to position the drill from a so-called dwell time at the completion of the machining point to the start of cutting of the workpiece. In addition, although the case where the processing speed is changed only once is described here, it may be made to change a plurality of times. Further, the changed condition is not only a case where the cutting speed is slowed down but also a case where the cutting speed is increased. In other words, in the case of a new drill, from the start of use to about one or so holes, although the machining accuracy is deviated, it is empirically understood that the subsequent deviation becomes small. Therefore, for example, the cutting speed of 1 to 1 is slower than usual, and the 101st can be made to perform the normal cutting speed. In addition, the use condition setting means for setting the use condition of the tool, the means for using each tool, the means for exchanging tools, and the tool holding means for holding a plurality of tools are manufactured in a so-called unmanned operation. When the processing machine for processing is used to evaluate the limit of the number of limits set by the use of the tool, the setting means is used. 'Because the number of used bits is reduced, it is possible to use the same number of drills. The time for continuous processing is lengthened. In addition, the maintenance of the tools becomes easy. -8 - (5) 1314079 Further, although the case of drilling is described above, for example, in the case of an apparatus for processing the outer shape of a printed circuit board using an end mill, it is also possible to change the cutting speed during the machining. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the conditions for use of the predetermined tool and the criteria for determining the use of the tool from the use of the tool for processing are determined. In the processing method of the tool that has reached the above-described limit by using the above-described use conditions, the process up to the above-described limit is divided into a plurality of ranges, and the use of the above-described range after each division is determined. The condition is that the above-mentioned use of the tool changes and the processing conditions of the tool exceeding the above range are changed, and the degree of use of the tool reaches the above limit 因为 because the tool is exchanged into other tools, It can reduce the manufacturing cost of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the number of holes at the time of processing and the amount of deviation from the target 根据 according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the number of holes when machining by a drill and the amount of deviation from the target 显示, showing the fixed machining conditions.