1313311 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種用於沖洗繩狀紡織品的方法和裝置。 在噴射式處理機或噴射式匹染機上對繩狀紡織品進行濕處 理的過程中，借助於噴射嘴形式的輸送噴嘴系統在一個封 閉的容器內使紡織品以一根連續的繩狀織物的型式處於迴 圈狀態’噴射嘴被供以一種輸送介質流，該輸送介質流使 繩狀織物沿預定的迴圈方向實現進給運動。在這方面在許 多機械中’輸送介質可以是一種處理液，依據處理特性參 數’可以在處理液中混入添加劑並且在處理流程中可以使 處理液處在不同的溫度下。 【先前技術】 在任何這樣的濕整理過程中，沖洗過程是必需的，其 中必須沖洗掉對紡織品具有親和力的、處於其中或附著在 其表面上的物質，然後通過固有的預加工過程如退漿、漂 白、洗滌、皂化等利用沖洗法使其處於溶液、乳狀液或分 散的狀態。爲了沖洗紡織品，其中準確地考察涉及一稀釋 過程，在其流程中在沖洗液中降低沖洗掉的汙物粒子的濃 度，實際中基本上採用三種不同的處理方式。這方面例如 說明於Melliland紡織報告6月/1997年，第428至433頁 中： 在所謂的不連續沖洗中，將沖洗液浴注入容器內，使 繩狀織物迴圏，並且在一預定數目的繩狀織物迴圈以後再 1313311 排出沖洗劑浴。因此産生載有織物上的汙物的處理液與沖 洗液浴中的沖洗液的混合物。在幾次浴更換以後達到要求 的沖洗結果-。 在另一處理方式中，沖洗是在容器內的兩個不同水平 的沖洗液之間進行。其中在沖洗過程中繩狀織物的迴圈運 動不會由於處理液的注入和排出而中斷。而代之，使沖洗 液通過一迴圈栗，一般爲洗液泵在處理時間過程中迴圏， 其中通過對沖洗液向容器的注入和沖洗液從容器中的排泄 的相應的控制在容器內保持一沖洗液水平，其在一上水平 與一下水平（用於迴圈泵的滿意的操作的最低水平）之間 擺動。沖洗結果可類似於如在不連續沖洗中通過測定排出 的沖洗液中的汙物載量來確定。 第三種處理方式是以溢流來進行沖洗，其中在繩狀織 物迴圏過程中向在容器內包含的載有汙物的處理液供給流 動的沖洗液，一般爲水，同時過剩的通過沖洗液稀釋的處 理液被連續排出到一通過一溢流管規定的水平。在這裏藉 由處理浴的連續釋放可獲得沖洗效果；其可以通過相對應 地檢測處理液來確定效果，經由溢流管道溢流出、處理液 會逐漸的稀釋。 在這些沖洗的處理方式中，不連續的沖洗和在兩個不 同的水平之間的沖洗就沖洗液的消耗，亦即水的消耗而言 是最具效益的。根據原理在溢流沖洗中的沖洗液消耗是最 大的，從而這種沖洗處理方式在沖洗液消耗方面是低效的 -5- 1313311 染色機的水消耗在許多工業國中對於濕處理方法的經 濟性是一基本的標準。但經濟性也特別受取決於要達到的 相應預定的沖-洗結果的沖洗時間的影響。較長的沖洗時間 産生相應長的總處理時間並從而限制在機械上可達到的織 物生産量。 由於在這一種型式的噴射式處理機中在沖洗過程中連 續的繩狀織物的驅動也按水力方式通過供給輸送噴嘴的染 液流來實現，與採用的沖洗方法無關，單位時間需要的沖 洗液量強烈地取決於爲驅動繩狀織物所需要的液體量。換 言之，單純爲了驅動織物流需要大量的沖洗液，亦即一般 爲沖洗水。雖然已嘗試（參閱上面列舉的Melliland紡織 報告）在沖洗過程中通過由迴圏泵迴圏的冼液免除繩狀織 物的驅動並且這樣驅動繩狀織物，即只將新鮮的沖洗水作 爲輸送介質輸入噴射嘴以便不僅實現沖洗而且實現材料輸 送’但這樣的處理方式由於高的沖洗水需要和在流過噴嘴 的新鮮沖洗水與由繩狀織物隨帶的載有汙物的處理液之間 的惡化的液體交換是很不經濟的。 【發明內容】 因此本發明的目的是，提供一種在噴射式處理機上用 於繩狀紡織品的沖洗方法，該方法可以保持低的沖洗液消 耗，亦即一般沖洗水消耗和用於實施沖洗過程所需要的時 間消費並且使其按照分別存在的條件這樣相互匹配，即使 得用於全部的、一個沖洗過程需要的濕整理方法的生産成 -6 - 1313311 本減至最小。 爲了達到上述目的，依據本發明的方法請參考下列說 明。 - 本發明從這樣的見解出發，即在按照空氣動力原理的 噴射式處理機中，連續的繩狀織物的輸送是與處理液無關 的，因爲繩狀織物的輸送通過供給文氏噴嘴以氣態的輸送 介質，在一定情況輔助以一在外部驅動的絞盤來實現並因 此得出用於織物沖洗的新的可能性。 在依據本發明的用於沖洗繩狀紡織品的方法中，其係 借助于一個文氏噴嘴在一個封閉的容器內通過一種氣態的 輸送介質使織物品以一根連續的繩狀織物型式處於迴圏狀 態。紡織品這樣受到沖洗液的作用，即利用連續流動的沖 洗液進行沖洗。其中每一單位時間的沖洗液施加量和/或 繩狀織物運行速度根據紡織品的織物特性資料、機械特性 資料和處理特性資料符合目的地加以控制。藉輸送噴嘴排 出載有汙物的沖洗液以從容器中排除。 實際上這意味著，將直接來自一水管道的新鮮沖洗水 在必要時經由一泵和一熱交換器在繩狀織物行程中在輸送 噴嘴前面和/或其中和/或其後面按上述方式塗覆到織物上 。然後將流出的載有汙物的沖洗水立即排出。因此與開頭 所述的水力的噴射式處理機中的情況相比可以需要顯著減 少的沖洗水量，而同時可以縮短沖洗時間。 由此提供優化單位時間的沖洗液消耗和取決於預定的 規範的沖洗時間的可能性。在新方法的一特別有利的實施 -7- 1313311 形式中這可以按這種方式實現，即由紡織品的織物特性資 料例如繩狀織物的重量、基質和卷裝成形、由輸送噴嘴的 結構特性資料如噴嘴直徑、噴嘴長度等和由處理特性資料 如繩狀織物的迴圏速度等確定一計算模型’其類比沖洗方 法和其結果。通過電腦根據該預定的計算模型對單位時間 通過輸送噴嘴的沖洗液通過量和繩狀織物迴圈速度進行控 制。 可以通過在沖洗過程中採集的資料對該計算模型進行 適時修改。此外，該計算模型可以通過簡單的實驗與在實 際沖洗操作中取得的資料進行比較和校正。 在實際作業中，沖洗過程的成功與否是藉觀察顏色或 手動進行簡單的試驗來確定的。此等試驗包括例如將繩狀 織物加以軋水和收集滴出的水，以便確定殘餘色度。另一 可能性是例如測定排出的載有汙物的沖洗液的pH値或導 電値。這樣的試驗一般直接在機械上進行，即或提取染液 或停機。然後對完成濕處理的（整理過的）織物通常進行 連續的標準化的質量檢查（耐摩擦牢度、耐洗牢度、耐汗 漬牢度等），這是遍及全世界的並且還可以相互對比它們 的結果。 本發明中利用沖洗液直接沖洗織物的方法可藉連線的 或在一特定時間間隔內連續的檢測來確定沖洗作業的結果 。這樣求得的表明相應的沖洗結果的特徵的資料可以包括 在控制內和特別是包括在計算模型內，以便自動改變沖洗 過程或確定沖洗過程的終止。沖洗過程的改變可以例如這 -8 - 1313311 樣實現’即在沖洗過程開始在繩狀織物上的沖洗液塗覆， 亦即在繩狀織物的第一迴圈中是特別高的而不同于向沖洗 過程的終止。 - 由於在新的沖洗方法中進行在流過容器的沖洗液中織 物的直接沖洗’載有汙物的沖洗液的汙物載量是達到的沖 洗效果的一個度量。爲了測定該汙物載量可以例如採用下 列的感測器： -用於載有汙物的沖洗液關於洗去的酸域液的p Η値測 定的感測器； -用於載有汙物的沖洗液關於洗去的鹽的導電値測定 的感測器； -用於載有汙物的沖洗液中的殘餘色度測定的濁度感 測器。 汙物載量的測定可以在由容器排出的沖洗水中和/或 直接在繩狀織物上進行。 爲了確定沖洗時間的終止，可以特別使用下列通過相 應的感測器測定的和/或通過電腦算出的標準： -至少一個表明載有汙物的沖洗液汙物載量的特徵的 參數例如其濁度、導電値、pH値等的一預定的絕對測量 値； -至少一個表明載有汙物的沖洗液汙物載量的特徵的 參數的在一初値與一終値之間的一預定的比値； -一個表明載有汙物的沖洗液汙物載量的參數的時間 的變化。 -9- 1313311 -通過這些參數的測量値的第一時間導數回答關於每 一約定的單位時間的測量値變化多少的問題。然後全部的 沖洗過程，由圖解可看出，沿一逐漸下降的曲線終止，該 曲線指示汙物粒子濃度隨著漸進的沖洗時間幾乎不再變化 ，所述測量値的第一導數也可用作爲沖洗時間終止的判據 0 理論算出的値和實際測量的値在所述的計算模型中的 組合可以進一步優選沖洗過程。可設想例如，在沖洗過程 開始’其用高的沖洗液量迅速達到一較大的濃度降，這優 化沖洗時間。向沖洗過程終止的方向當在流出的載有汙物 的沖洗液中從織物迴圈到織物迴圈的濃度差不再特別大時 ，其優點是，爲此比較小的沖洗液量而以稍高的時間耗費 操作。結果是在任何情況下不僅關於需要的沖洗液量而且 關於需要的沖洗時間均優化之。 這樣的優化在實際的濕處理車間中，亦即在染色車間 中具有較大的經濟重要性。例如在某些工業國中染色車間 一般比較低的産量和高的水費用工作而在另一些國家中給 出高的産量和很低的水費用。也有這樣的地區，其中配給 染色車間處理水，並因此只當用恒定的配給的水量提高産 量才可能的，可以達到一較高的産量並從而較高的生産率 0 本發明的方法可以根據對沖洗過程必需的參數的知識 優化沖洗過程。特別是在應用計算模型的條件下控制可以 根據分別存在的生産條件如水價格、生産範圍等自動算出 -10- 1313311 水消耗量或需要的生産時間。控制只需要由濕處理機的操 作者或程式編制員完成是否沖洗過程關於水消耗量或關於 生産時間應該優化的任務。_ 【實施方式】 圖1中示意示出的高溫（HT)匹染機具有一耐壓的圓 柱形容器1 ’其中通入一由蓋2可關閉的操作孔3，借其 可引入一繩狀織物4。繩狀織物4經由一在外部驅動的絞 盤5插入一文氏（Venturi )噴嘴6中，在其上連接一折疊 器7。折疊器7將由輸送噴嘴6排出的繩狀織物4折疊地 存放於一記億體8中，由其中通過絞盤5再抽出連續的繩 狀織物。絞盤5和輸送噴嘴6安裝於各殼體部分9內，後 者液體密封地連接於容器1上。在通過操作孔3引入繩狀 織物4以後在其各端連接成一連續的織物線圏。 供給輸送噴嘴6以氣態的輸送介質流，其使連續的繩 狀織物4沿一由箭頭10表示的迴圈方向迴圈。在當前情 況下輸送介質是空氣或蒸汽-空氣混合物，其通過一通風 器11和抽吸管道12從容器1吸出並經由一壓力管道13 輸入輸送噴嘴6中。 在下面的容器1上設置一染液排出器14，其包括一染 液濾網1 5並且一染液迴圈泵1 7連接於一抽吸管道1 6 ’該 泵17的壓力管道18包括一熱交換器19並經由一調節閥 20通入輸送噴嘴6中。染液迴圈泵17使由容器1吸入的 染液可以經由輸送噴嘴6和容器1迴圈。並聯於熱交換器 -11 - 1313311 19和染液迴圈栗設有一旁路管道22，其包括一關閉閥23 並且將染液排出器14連接於壓力管道21。 此外’ s受有一添加劑谷器2 4 ’其包含成水溶液狀的 乳狀液或分散液’充當化學添加劑，可經由染液迴圈栗 17的抽吸管道16內的添加劑栗25和連接管道26來供應 〇 至此描述的按照空氣動力原理操作的匹染機本來是已 知的。只要在一處理過程的流程中對沖洗繩狀織物4是必 需的，則如下操作： 打開染液排出器14的排放閥27和在染液迴圈泵17 的抽吸管道16中的進口閥28。沖洗水經由進口閥28流入 抽吸管道1 6內’如其由箭頭2 9所示。流入的沖洗水在必 要時可以隨著沖洗過程摻入來自添加劑容器2 4的方便的 或輔助的添加劑並且在其流入輸送噴嘴6以前在熱交換器 1 9中使其處於一符合目的的沖洗溫度下。 接通通風器11並且輸送經由管道12、13和輸送噴嘴 6以及容器1迴圏的輸送空氣流，其沿迴圈方向1 0驅動繩 狀織物4。 流入輸送噴嘴6中的沖洗水在輸送噴嘴6中塗覆到構 成繩狀織物的織物上。由絞盤5從記憶體8中抽出的繩狀 織物4在進入輸送噴嘴6時浸漬有載有汙物的染液，其由 繩狀織物帶入輸送噴嘴6中。在輸送噴嘴6中實現經由繩 狀織物進入輸送噴嘴的載有汙物的染液與通過噴射經由壓 力管道2 1輸給的沖洗水量相混合。 -12- 1313311 從輸送噴嘴6中排出的載有汙物的沖洗水集合於容器 1中並然後經由染液排出器1 4和排放閥2 7排出，如其由 箭頭3 0所示。通過關閉閥31相對於染液迴圈泵I 7的抽 吸側關閉抽吸管道1 6。 隨著繩狀織物4的循環次數的增加，包含在織物4內 的污穢染液藉由經輸送噴嘴6噴射的沖洗水大幅度的加以 稀釋，直到最後出現所需求的沖洗結果。此沖洗結果可藉 由連線的感測器裝置3 2來確定，因爲從容器1中流出的 污穢沖洗水會經感測器裝置通過。感測器裝置3 2檢測例 如流出的沖洗水的ρ Η値、導電値和濁度，並且將描述該 等參數及與該等參數相對應的電氣信號充當資料（數據） 傳輸至控制系統的一電腦3 3中。 如果達到了所需求的沖洗效果，則再次停止沖洗水的 輸入，並且準備匹染機以應付下一個濕處理步驟。 在沖洗過程中繩狀織物通過由鼓風機11輸送的空氣 流驅動而與噴射的沖洗水量無關。通過通風器1 1的相應 的控制可以連續地改變繩狀織物4的迴圈速度，同時調節 閥20可以改變由電腦33控制的單位時間噴射的沖洗水量 〇 除此之外’也可以這樣改變速度，藉以電腦3 3控制 一在通風器〗1下游的壓縮管道1 3內的蝶形閥34而改變 繩狀織物4的旋轉速度。噴射的沖洗水量也可以藉對迴圈 泵1 7加以控制干涉來改變之，如圖1所示者。 隨繩狀織物4帶入輸送噴嘴6中的載有汙物的染液量 -13- 1313311 基本上係與下列因素，例如繩狀織物4的重量、基質和構 成有關。由此可算出繩狀織物4可以吸收多少公升的液體 。實際消耗的液體量在對應繩狀織物的重量之後即可得所 謂的「黏著量」（pick-upA)。此外其取決於繩狀織物4 的速度。亦即隨繩狀織物帶入輸送噴嘴6的載有汙物的染 液量與繩狀織物的迴旋速度有直接的關聯性。 根據上述知識可以開發一模擬沖洗結果的計算模型。 該計算模型可與在實際條件下運作的試驗相比較並校正。 圖2顯示出理論計算値與實際測量値之間的對比試驗的結 果。 從染液排出器1 4排出的沖洗水所攜載的汙物是與繩 狀織物4的迴圈次數有關，且其濃度係以每公升有多少公 克標示之。兩條曲線顯示，濃度在繩狀織物的第一迴旋過 程中陡峭地下降，而隨著繩狀織物迴旋次數的漸增漸近地 接近一最小的殘餘値。計算値與實際測得的値之間實際上 是相等的。藉如此獲得的計算模型可以在模擬計算中將沖 洗過程所需的參數最佳化。此等計算的結果係針對一設計 範例說明於圖3至5中。 圖3至5的設計範例適用於其平均平方公尺重量爲 2 5 Ο/m且具有下列參數的棉針織品： 黏著（Pick-Up) 百分比（％) 330 儲存負荷（k g ) 200 初始的污穢強度 (g/1 ) 3 5 沖洗時間終止時的殘餘汙物載量（g/1 ) 3 -14 - 1313311 由此得出沖洗時間（min )和沖洗水消耗量（1/kg )的 下列數値，其等圖解地說明於圖3及4中，圖3及4顯示 從一特定機械機構獲得的百分比變化。- 沖洗時間（min) 噴射量 (1/min) 速度 1 0 0 % 2 5 0 % 4 0 0 % 5 5 0 % (m/min) 5 0 0% 32.9 14.3 10.0 8.6 4 0 0 % 33.9 16.1 10.7 8 9 3 0 0 % 35.9 16.7 11.9 9.5 2 0 0 % 35.7 17.9 14.3 10.7 1 0 0 % 42.9 2 1.4 21.4 14.3 水消耗量 (1/min) -- 噴射量 (1/min) 速度 1 0 0 % 2 5 0 % 4 0 0 % 5 5 0 % (m/min) 5 0 0 % 6.6 7.1 8.0 9 4 4 0 0 % 6.8 8.0 8.6 9 8 3 0 0 % 7.1 8.3 9.5 1 〇 ς 2 0 0 % 7.1 8.9 1 1.4 118 1 0 0 % 8.6 10.7 17.1 15.7 圖3及4的追些數値和圖像顯不藉改變沖洗水的供給 可以明顯縮短沖洗時間，而另一方面藉延長沖洗時間則可 -15- 1313311 以減少沖洗水的消耗量。順便一提，藉減少機械的負荷可 自動地縮減沖洗時間。 由圖5可得知’隨著沖洗時間的漸降沖洗水消耗量上 升，以便達到一確定的預定沖洗效果。在第一（左邊的） 二分之一需要的沖洗時間很大地下降。在最後的（右邊的 )二分之一沖洗水消耗量很大地上升，儘管沖洗時間只還 不多地下降。因此優化操作區域位於中間的三分之一，其 中在幾乎不變的沖洗水消耗量的同時可以明顯縮短沖洗時 間。 表1、2中定出的値顯示，通過單位時間的沖洗水量 (噴射量）和織物運行速度的改變，如其通過表的深色布 設的分格中所指示的那樣，可以達到例如7 5 %的時間節省 ，而同時只提高3 8 %的需要的沖洗水量。 所示的實施例顯示’可以在爲負擔提高的沖洗水消耗 量的低沖洗水費用的情況下明顯提高生産的織物量並從而 提高生産率’因爲縮短了沖洗時間，而在高的沖洗水費用 的情況下可以通過延長沖洗時間並且根據附加的機械生産 能力的使用明顯降低費用支出。 在以上描述中，總體上提到的沖洗液A —般指的是沖 洗水。原則上也可以採用其他的沖洗液，當對於待沖洗的 紡織品是有益的時也可採用有機類的沖洗液。 在上述實施例中’將沖洗液噴入輸送噴嘴6中（圖1 )並由此塗覆到繩狀織物4上。可選擇地或另外’新的沖 洗方法也可以這樣實施’即沖洗液在繩狀織物行程中和/ -16- 1313311 或噴嘴6的後面塗覆到繩狀織物4上。這示意舉例說明於 圖1中。在絞盤5的上方，一由壓縮管道21分出的沖洗 液管道34通入殼體9內。該管道34中設有一調節閥35， 其可由電腦3 3控制。因此達到使繩狀織物進入輸送噴嘴6 以前已經載有沖洗液。 管道3 4不一定必需經由絞盤5通入該區域內。根據 有關的條件管道3 4的通口可以位於絞盤與文氏噴嘴6的 噴射間隙之間的任何地方。此外還可設想這樣的實施形式 ’其中管道3 4的通口位於在記憶體8與絞盤5之間的（ 垂直的）繩狀織物4的行程區域內並且在繩狀織物4到達 絞盤5以前已經在其上塗覆沖洗液。該方案以點虛線示於 圖1中，其表示一壓力管道34a，其中設有一調節閥35a ，該閥同樣可由電腦3 3控制。 此外，爲了在繩狀織物4上施加沖洗液，也可設置一 向繩狀織物行程在輸送噴嘴6後面通入的壓力管道36，其 例如由壓力管道2 1分出並且包括一調節閥3 7，其由電腦 3 3控制。依此方式，可以在輸送噴嘴後面將沖洗液或可 選擇地或另外塗覆到繩狀織物4上。 由繩狀織物4排出的載有汙物的沖洗液集合於容器i 內並且經由集水池和排放閥2 7排出，或者也可以這樣操 作’即將載有汙物的沖洗液從容器中分批地排出，亦即將 沖洗液集合於容器內以便供給較後的重新應用。 最後應該指出，爲了檢測排出的載有汙物的沖洗液， 確定沖洗效果的開始的感測器裝置3 2不一定必須設置在 -17- 1313311 排放閥2 7的後面。表明汙物載量的特徵的參數的測定或 確定也可以直接在繩狀織物4上進行。 【圖式簡單說明】 本發明的方法的其他的實施形式是申請專利範圍附屬 項的目標。它們也由以下本發明的方法的一個實施例的描 述得出，其借助附圖加以說明。其中： 圖1 一依據空氣動力原理的噴射式處理機的示意剖 視圖’準備用來實施本發明的沖洗方法； 圖2 曲線圖用以說明在實施本發明的沖洗方法時根 據繩狀織物迴圈次數在載有汙物的沖洗水中的汙物載量的 濃度降，並且說明測量的與算出的濃度値之間的一致性， 圖3和圖4 兩個圖用以說明在應用本發明的方法時 根據輸送噴嘴中噴射的沖洗水量和繩狀織物的迴圈速度的 水消耗量和沖洗時間以及 圖5 曲線圖用以說明在實施本發明的方法時水消耗 量和沖洗時間的反向的變化。 【主要元件之符號說明】 1 :容器 2 :蓋 3 :操作孔 4 :繩狀織物 5 :絞盤 -18- 1313311 6 :輸送噴嘴 7 :折疊器 8 :記憶體 9 :殼體部分 1 〇 :箭頭 1 1 :通風器 1 2 :抽吸管道 13 :壓力管道 1 4 :染液排出器 1 5 :染液濾網 1 6 :抽吸管道 1 7 :泵 18 :壓力管道 19 :熱交換器 2 0 :調節閥 21 :壓力管道 2 2 :旁路管道 23 :關閉閥 24 :添加劑容器 2 5 :添加劑泵 26 :連接管道 27 :排放閥 28 :進口閥 2 9 :箭頭 -19 1313311 3 Ο :箭頭 3 1 :關閉閥 3 2 :感測器裝置 3 3 :電腦 3 4 :節流閥 34a :壓力管道 3 5 :調節閥 3 5 a :調節閥 36 :壓力管道 3 7 :調節閥1313311 IX. Description of the Invention [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for rinsing rope-like textiles. In the process of wet-treating a rope-like textile on a jet processor or a jet-type dyeing machine, the textile is in the form of a continuous rope-like fabric in a closed container by means of a delivery nozzle system in the form of a spray nozzle In the loop state, the spray nozzle is supplied with a flow of transport medium which causes the rope fabric to effect a feed motion in a predetermined loop direction. In this respect, in many machines, the transport medium can be a treatment liquid, and additives can be mixed in the treatment liquid depending on the treatment characteristic parameter and the treatment liquid can be subjected to different temperatures in the treatment process. [Prior Art] In any such wet finishing process, a rinsing process is necessary in which the substance having an affinity for the textile, in or attached to the surface of the textile must be washed out, and then passed through an inherent pre-processing process such as desizing Bleaching, washing, saponification, etc. are carried out in a solution, an emulsion or a dispersed state by a rinsing method. In order to rinse the textile, in which it is accurately investigated that a dilution process is involved, the concentration of the rinsing dirt particles is reduced in the rinsing liquid in the process, and three different treatments are basically employed in practice. This aspect is illustrated, for example, in the Melliland Textile Report June/1997, pages 428 to 433: In a so-called discontinuous rinse, a rinse bath is injected into the container to cause the rope fabric to look back and at a predetermined number. After the rope fabric loops, the 1333011 is discharged from the rinse bath. Thus, a mixture of the treatment liquid carrying the dirt on the fabric and the rinse liquid in the rinse bath is produced. The required flushing result is achieved after several bath changes. In another mode of treatment, the rinsing is carried out between two different levels of rinsing liquid in the container. The loop motion of the rope fabric during the rinsing process is not interrupted by the injection and discharge of the treatment liquid. Instead, the rinsing liquid is passed through a loop of the chestnut, generally during the processing time of the washing liquid pump, wherein the injection of the rinsing liquid into the container and the corresponding control of the rinsing of the rinsing liquid from the container are controlled in the container. A level of rinsing liquid is maintained which oscillates between an upper level and a lower level (the lowest level for satisfactory operation of the loop pump). The rinsing result can be determined similarly to the amount of dirt in the rinsing liquid discharged by the measurement as in the case of discontinuous rinsing. The third treatment method is flushing with overflow, wherein the flowing washing liquid, generally water, is supplied to the dirt-laden processing liquid contained in the container during the returning of the rope fabric, and the excess is flushed. The liquid diluted treatment liquid is continuously discharged to a level specified by an overflow pipe. Here, the rinsing effect can be obtained by continuous release of the treatment bath; it can determine the effect by correspondingly detecting the treatment liquid, overflowing through the overflow pipe, and the treatment liquid is gradually diluted. In these flushing treatments, discontinuous flushing and flushing between two different levels is most beneficial in terms of flushing fluid consumption, i.e., water consumption. According to the principle, the consumption of the rinsing liquid in the overflow rinsing is the largest, so that the rinsing treatment method is inefficient in terms of rinsing liquid consumption. -5-1313311 Dyeing machine water consumption is economical for wet processing methods in many industrial countries. It is a basic standard. However, economics are also particularly affected by the rinsing time depending on the respective predetermined flush-wash results to be achieved. Longer rinsing times result in a correspondingly longer total processing time and thus limit the amount of fabric production that is mechanically achievable. Since in this type of jet processor the continuous drive of the rope fabric during the rinsing process is also carried out hydraulically through the dye liquor supply to the delivery nozzle, the rinsing fluid required per unit time is independent of the rinsing method employed. The amount is strongly dependent on the amount of liquid required to drive the rope fabric. In other words, a large amount of rinsing liquid is required to drive the fabric flow, that is, generally flushing water. Although attempts have been made (see the Melliland Textile Report listed above) to remove the drive of the rope fabric during the rinsing process by the sputum returned by the retort pump and to drive the rope fabric, ie only fresh rinsing water is used as the transport medium. Spray nozzles to achieve not only flushing but also material transport 'but such a treatment is due to the high flushing water requirements and the deterioration between the fresh flushing water flowing through the nozzle and the dirt-laden processing fluid carried by the rope fabric. Liquid exchange is very uneconomical. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for rinsing a rope-like textile on a jet processor that maintains low rinsing fluid consumption, that is, general rinsing water consumption and for performing the rinsing process. The time required is consumed and matched to each other in such a manner that the production of the wet finishing method required for all, one rinsing process is minimized to -6 - 1313311. In order to achieve the above object, the following description will be referred to in accordance with the method of the present invention. - The invention proceeds from the insight that in the jet processor according to the aerodynamic principle, the transport of the continuous rope fabric is independent of the treatment liquid, since the transport of the rope fabric is supplied to the Venturi nozzle in a gaseous state. The conveying medium, in certain cases, is aided by an externally driven winch and thus leads to new possibilities for fabric washing. In a method for rinsing a rope-like textile according to the invention, the fabric is returned in a continuous rope-like fabric pattern by means of a venturi nozzle in a closed container through a gaseous conveying medium. status. The textile is thus subjected to a rinsing liquid, i.e., flushing with a continuously flowing rinsing liquid. The amount of rinsing liquid applied per unit time and/or the running speed of the rope fabric are controlled according to the fabric's fabric property data, mechanical property data, and processing property data. The rinsing liquid carrying the dirt is discharged by the delivery nozzle to be removed from the container. In practice this means that fresh flushing water, which is directly from the water line, is applied as described above via a pump and a heat exchanger in the rope web stroke in front of and/or in and/or behind the conveying nozzle. Cover the fabric. The effluent-laden rinse water that flows out is then immediately discharged. Therefore, a significantly reduced amount of flushing water can be required compared to the case in the hydraulic jet processor described at the outset, while at the same time the flushing time can be shortened. This provides the possibility of optimizing the flushing fluid consumption per unit time and the flushing time depending on the predetermined specifications. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the new method, in the form of the -7-1313311, this can be achieved in such a way that the fabric properties of the textile, such as the weight of the rope fabric, the matrix and the package formation, and the structural characteristics of the delivery nozzle. For example, the nozzle diameter, the nozzle length, and the like, and a processing model, such as the recoil speed of the rope fabric, etc., determine a calculation model 'the analog washing method and the result thereof. The flushing liquid throughput per unit time and the loop speed of the rope fabric are controlled by the computer according to the predetermined calculation model. The calculation model can be modified in a timely manner by the data collected during the flushing process. In addition, the calculation model can be compared and corrected with simple data and data obtained during actual flushing operations. In actual work, the success of the rinsing process is determined by observing the color or performing a simple test manually. Such tests include, for example, rolling the rope fabric and collecting the dripped water to determine the residual color. Another possibility is, for example, to determine the pH or conductivity of the discharged dirt-laden rinse. Such tests are generally carried out directly on the machine, ie either to extract the dye liquor or to shut down. The finished (finished) fabrics are then subjected to continuous standardized quality checks (friction fastness, wash fastness, perspiration fastness, etc.), which are available throughout the world and can also be compared to each other. the result of. The method of directly rinsing the fabric with the rinsing liquid in the present invention can determine the result of the rinsing operation by means of continuous testing or continuous testing at a specific time interval. The information thus obtained indicating the characteristics of the corresponding flushing result can be included in the control and in particular in the calculation model to automatically change the flushing process or to determine the termination of the flushing process. The change of the rinsing process can be achieved, for example, by the implementation of -8-1313311, that is, the rinsing liquid coating on the rope fabric at the beginning of the rinsing process, that is, in the first loop of the rope fabric is particularly high and different from The termination of the rinsing process. - Due to the direct flushing of the fabric in the rinsing liquid flowing through the container in a new rinsing method, the dirt loading of the rinsing liquid carrying the filth is a measure of the scouring effect achieved. In order to determine the dirt load, for example, the following sensors can be used: - a sensor for the contamination of the washed acid solution with respect to the washed acid solution; - for carrying dirt a rinsing liquid for the detection of the conductivity of the washed salt; a turbidity sensor for residual colorimetric determination in the rinsing liquid carrying the dirt. The determination of the soil load can be carried out in the rinse water discharged from the container and/or directly on the rope fabric. In order to determine the end of the rinsing time, the following criteria determined by the respective sensors and/or calculated by means of a computer can be used in particular: - at least one parameter indicating the characteristic of the dirt load of the rinsing liquid carrying the dirt, for example turbidity a predetermined absolute measurement of the degree, conductivity enthalpy, pH enthalpy, etc.; - at least one predetermined ratio between the initial enthalpy and the final enthalpy of a parameter indicative of the characteristic of the turbid fluid scum load carrying the smear. - A change in the time of the parameter indicating the dirt load of the flushing liquid carrying the dirt. -9- 1313311 - The first time derivative of the measurement 値 of these parameters answers the question of how much the measurement 値 changes per unit time. Then the entire rinsing process, as can be seen by the illustration, terminates along a gradual decreasing curve indicating that the dirt particle concentration hardly changes with the gradual rinsing time, and the first derivative of the measuring enthalpy can also be used as a rinsing The criterion of time termination 0 The combination of the theoretically calculated enthalpy and the actually measured enthalpy in the calculation model described above may further optimize the rinsing process. It is conceivable, for example, that at the beginning of the rinsing process, it rapidly reaches a large concentration drop with a high amount of rinsing liquid, which optimizes the rinsing time. In the direction of the end of the rinsing process, when the concentration difference from the loop of the fabric to the loop of the fabric in the effluent-loaded rinsing liquid is no longer particularly large, the advantage is that the amount of rinsing liquid is relatively small for this purpose. High time and costly operation. The result is in any case optimized not only with regard to the amount of flushing fluid required but also with respect to the required flushing time. Such optimization is of greater economic importance in practical wet processing plants, i.e., in dyeing plants. For example, in some industrial countries, dyeing plants generally operate at relatively low yields and high water costs while in other countries give high yields and low water costs. There is also an area in which the dyeing plant is treated with water, and therefore it is only possible to increase the yield with a constant amount of water dispensed, a higher yield can be achieved and thus a higher productivity 0. The method of the invention can be based on The knowledge of the parameters necessary for the rinsing process optimizes the rinsing process. Especially in the case of applying the calculation model, the control can automatically calculate the water consumption of -10- 1313311 or the required production time based on the respective production conditions such as water price, production range, and the like. Control only needs to be done by the operator or programmer of the wet processor to determine if the flushing process should be optimized for water consumption or for production time. _ [Embodiment] The high temperature (HT) piece dyeing machine schematically shown in Fig. 1 has a pressure-resistant cylindrical container 1 'in which an operation hole 3 closable by a cover 2 is introduced, by which a rope can be introduced Fabric 4. The rope fabric 4 is inserted into a Venturi nozzle 6 via an externally driven winch 5 to which a folder 7 is attached. The folder 7 folds the rope-like fabric 4 discharged from the conveying nozzle 6 in a billet 8 from which a continuous rope-like fabric is taken out through the winch 5. The winch 5 and the conveying nozzle 6 are mounted in the respective housing portions 9, and the latter is fluid-tightly connected to the container 1. After the rope fabric 4 is introduced through the operation hole 3, it is joined at each end thereof into a continuous fabric thread. The feed nozzle 6 is supplied in a gaseous conveying medium which loops the continuous rope fabric 4 in a loop direction indicated by the arrow 10. In the present case the conveying medium is an air or steam-air mixture which is sucked from the container 1 through a ventilator 11 and a suction line 12 and fed into the delivery nozzle 6 via a pressure line 13. A dye liquor ejector 14 is provided on the lower container 1, which comprises a dye liquor screen 15 and a dye liquor loop pump 17 is connected to a suction conduit 16. The pressure conduit 18 of the pump 17 comprises a The heat exchanger 19 is passed through a regulating valve 20 into the delivery nozzle 6. The dyeing liquid circulation pump 17 allows the dye liquid sucked from the container 1 to be circulated through the conveying nozzle 6 and the container 1. Parallel to heat exchangers -11 - 1313311 19 and dye liquor loops are provided with a bypass conduit 22 which includes a shut-off valve 23 and connects the dye liquor ejector 14 to the pressure conduit 21. In addition, 's an additive gluten 2 4 'which contains an emulsion or dispersion in the form of an aqueous solution' acts as a chemical additive, via the dye liquor back to the additive pump 25 and the connecting conduit 26 in the suction conduit 16 of the loop 17 A dyeing machine that operates on the aerodynamic principle described herein is hereby known. As long as it is necessary to flush the rope fabric 4 in the course of a process, the following operations are performed: opening the discharge valve 27 of the dye discharge ejector 14 and the inlet valve 28 in the suction line 16 of the dye liquor return pump 17. . The flushing water flows into the suction duct 16 via the inlet valve 28 as it is indicated by arrow 29. The influent flushing water can, if necessary, be incorporated with a convenient or auxiliary additive from the additive container 24 as the flushing process is carried out and placed in the heat exchanger 19 in a suitable flushing temperature before it flows into the conveying nozzle 6. under. The ventilator 11 is turned on and delivers a flow of conveying air back through the pipes 12, 13 and the conveying nozzle 6 and the container 1, which drives the rope fabric 4 in the loop direction 10. The flushing water flowing into the conveying nozzle 6 is applied to the fabric constituting the rope fabric in the conveying nozzle 6. The rope-like fabric 4 drawn from the memory 8 by the winch 5 is impregnated with the stain-laden dye liquor when it enters the transport nozzle 6, and is carried by the rope-like fabric into the transport nozzle 6. The dirt-laden dye liquor entering the delivery nozzle via the rope fabric in the delivery nozzle 6 is mixed with the amount of flushing water delivered via the pressure line 2 1 by injection. -12- 1313311 The dirt-laden flushing water discharged from the conveying nozzle 6 is collected in the container 1 and then discharged through the dye discharge ejector 14 and the discharge valve 27 as indicated by an arrow 30. The suction duct 16 is closed by closing the valve 31 with respect to the suction side of the dye liquor loop pump I7. As the number of cycles of the rope fabric 4 increases, the stained liquor contained in the fabric 4 is drastically diluted by the flushing water sprayed through the conveying nozzle 6 until the desired flushing result finally appears. This flushing result can be determined by the wired sensor device 32 because the dirty flushing water flowing out of the container 1 passes through the sensor device. The sensor device 32 detects, for example, ρ Η値 , conductive enthalpy and turbidity of the rinsing water flowing out, and transmits an electric signal describing the parameters and corresponding electric parameters as data (data) to the control system Computer 3 3 in. If the desired flushing effect is achieved, the flushing water input is stopped again and the dyeing machine is prepared to handle the next wet processing step. The rope fabric is driven by the air flow delivered by the blower 11 during flushing regardless of the amount of flush water sprayed. The loop speed of the rope fabric 4 can be continuously changed by the corresponding control of the ventilator 1 1 while the regulating valve 20 can change the amount of flushing water sprayed per unit time controlled by the computer 33, and the speed can be changed as such. The rotational speed of the rope fabric 4 is changed by the computer 3 3 controlling a butterfly valve 34 in the compression duct 13 downstream of the ventilator. The amount of flushing water sprayed can also be changed by controlling the interference of the loop pump 17 as shown in Fig. 1. The amount of the stain-laden dye-laden material which is carried into the conveying nozzle 6 with the rope fabric 4 is substantially related to the following factors such as the weight, the matrix and the constitution of the rope-like fabric 4. From this, it is possible to calculate how many liters of liquid the rope fabric 4 can absorb. The amount of liquid actually consumed can be said to be "pick-upA" after the weight of the corresponding rope fabric. Furthermore it depends on the speed of the rope fabric 4. That is, the amount of the stain-laden dye that is carried into the conveying nozzle 6 with the rope fabric is directly related to the swirling speed of the rope fabric. Based on the above knowledge, a computational model that simulates the flushing results can be developed. This calculation model can be compared and corrected to tests that operate under actual conditions. Figure 2 shows the results of a comparative test between the theoretical calculation 値 and the actual measurement 値. The dirt carried by the flushing water discharged from the dye discharger 14 is related to the number of loops of the cord fabric 4, and its concentration is indicated by how many grams per liter. The two curves show that the concentration drops steeply during the first maneuver of the rope fabric and asymptotically approaches a minimum residual enthalpy as the number of twists in the rope fabric increases. The calculated 値 is actually equal to the actually measured enthalpy. The calculation model thus obtained can optimize the parameters required for the flushing process in the simulation calculation. The results of these calculations are illustrated in Figures 3 through 5 for a design example. The design examples in Figures 3 to 5 apply to cotton knitwear with an average square meter weight of 25 Ο/m and the following parameters: Pick-Up percentage (%) 330 Storage load (kg) 200 Initial contamination Strength (g/1) 3 5 Residual dirt load at the end of the rinsing time (g/1) 3 -14 - 1313311 This gives the following number of rinsing time (min) and flushing water consumption (1/kg)値, which are illustrated graphically in Figures 3 and 4, Figures 3 and 4 show the percentage change obtained from a particular mechanical mechanism. - Flushing time (min) Injection quantity (1/min) Speed 1 0 0 % 2 5 0 % 4 0 0 % 5 5 0 % (m/min) 5 0 0% 32.9 14.3 10.0 8.6 4 0 0 % 33.9 16.1 10.7 8 9 3 0 0 % 35.9 16.7 11.9 9.5 2 0 0 % 35.7 17.9 14.3 10.7 1 0 0 % 42.9 2 1.4 21.4 14.3 Water consumption (1/min) -- Injection volume (1/min) Speed 1 0 0 % 2 5 0 % 4 0 0 % 5 5 0 % (m/min) 5 0 0 % 6.6 7.1 8.0 9 4 4 0 0 % 6.8 8.0 8.6 9 8 3 0 0 % 7.1 8.3 9.5 1 〇ς 2 0 0 % 7.1 8.9 1 1.4 118 1 0 0 % 8.6 10.7 17.1 15.7 The number of images and images shown in Figures 3 and 4 can be significantly shortened by changing the supply of flushing water. On the other hand, by extending the flushing time, it can be -15- 1313311 to reduce the consumption of flushing water. By the way, the flushing time can be automatically reduced by reducing the load on the machine. As can be seen from Fig. 5, the flushing water consumption rises as the rinsing time is gradually decreased to achieve a certain predetermined flushing effect. The rinsing time required for the first (left) one-half is greatly reduced. In the last (right) one-half of the flushing water consumption is greatly increased, although the flushing time has not decreased much. The optimized operating area is therefore located in the middle third, where the flushing time can be significantly reduced with almost constant flushing water consumption. The enthalpy determined in Tables 1 and 2 shows that the change in the amount of flushing water per unit time (injection amount) and the running speed of the fabric can be as high as, for example, 75 5 % as indicated by the dark-laid compartment of the watch. The time savings, while at the same time only increasing the amount of flushing water required by 38%. The illustrated embodiment shows that the amount of fabric produced can be significantly increased and thus the productivity can be increased with a low flushing water cost to increase the flushing water consumption, because the flushing time is shortened while the flushing water cost is high. In this case, it is possible to significantly reduce the expenditure by extending the rinsing time and according to the use of additional mechanical production capacity. In the above description, the flushing liquid A generally referred to is generally referred to as flushing water. In principle, other rinsing solutions can also be used, and organic rinsing solutions can also be used when it is beneficial for the textile to be rinsed. In the above embodiment, the rinsing liquid is sprayed into the conveying nozzle 6 (Fig. 1) and thereby applied to the rope-like fabric 4. Alternatively or additionally, the 'new rinsing method can also be carried out', i.e., the rinsing liquid is applied to the rope fabric 4 in the rope web stroke and /16-1313311 or behind the nozzle 6. This is illustrated by way of example in Figure 1. Above the winch 5, a flushing fluid conduit 34 branched by the compression conduit 21 opens into the housing 9. A regulating valve 35 is provided in the duct 34, which can be controlled by a computer 33. It is thus achieved that the rinsing liquid has been carried before the rope-like fabric enters the delivery nozzle 6. The pipe 3 4 does not necessarily have to pass through the winch 5 into this area. Depending on the relevant conditions, the port of the conduit 3 4 can be located anywhere between the winch and the jet gap of the Venturi nozzle 6. Furthermore, an embodiment is also conceivable in which the opening of the duct 34 is situated in the region of the travel of the (vertical) cord-like fabric 4 between the memory 8 and the winch 5 and before the rope-like fabric 4 reaches the winch 5 A rinse solution is applied thereto. This scheme is shown in dotted line in Fig. 1, which shows a pressure line 34a in which a regulating valve 35a is provided, which valve can also be controlled by a computer 33. Furthermore, in order to apply a rinsing liquid on the rope fabric 4, it is also possible to provide a pressure line 36 which is passed over the conveying nozzle 6 in the direction of the rope-like fabric, which is for example separated by the pressure line 21 and comprises a regulating valve 3 7. It is controlled by a computer 3 3 . In this way, the rinsing liquid can alternatively or additionally be applied to the rope fabric 4 behind the delivery nozzle. The dirt-laden rinsing liquid discharged from the rope fabric 4 is collected in the container i and discharged through the sump and the discharge valve 27, or it is also possible to operate the rinsing liquid to be loaded with the waste in batches from the container. The discharge, that is, the flushing liquid is also collected in the container for later reapplication. Finally, it should be noted that in order to detect the discharged dirt-laden rinsing liquid, the sensor device 32 which determines the start of the rinsing effect does not necessarily have to be disposed behind the -17-1313311 vent valve 27. The determination or determination of the parameters indicative of the characteristics of the soil load can also be carried out directly on the rope fabric 4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other embodiments of the method of the present invention are directed to the scope of the claims. They are also derived from the following description of one embodiment of the method of the invention, which is illustrated by means of the drawings. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a jet processor according to the aerodynamic principle 'prepared to carry out the flushing method of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a graph for explaining the number of loops of the rope fabric when implementing the flushing method of the present invention The concentration of the dirt load in the flushing water carrying the dirt is reduced, and the consistency between the measured and calculated concentration 说明 is illustrated. Figures 3 and 4 are used to illustrate the application of the method of the present invention. The water consumption and rinsing time according to the amount of rinsing water sprayed in the delivery nozzle and the loop speed of the rope fabric and the graph of Fig. 5 are used to illustrate the reverse change in water consumption and rinsing time in carrying out the method of the present invention. [Description of Symbols of Main Components] 1 : Container 2 : Cover 3 : Operation hole 4 : Rope fabric 5 : Winch 18 - 1313311 6 : Conveying nozzle 7 : Folder 8 : Memory 9 : Housing part 1 〇 : Arrow 1 1 : Ventilator 1 2 : Suction line 13 : Pressure line 1 4 : Dyeing liquid ejector 1 5 : Dyeing liquid filter 1 6 : Suction line 1 7 : Pump 18 : Pressure line 19 : Heat exchanger 2 0 : regulating valve 21 : pressure line 2 2 : bypass line 23 : closing valve 24 : additive container 2 5 : additive pump 26 : connecting line 27 : discharge valve 28 : inlet valve 2 9 : arrow -19 1313311 3 Ο : arrow 3 1 : closing valve 3 2 : sensor device 3 3 : computer 3 4 : throttle valve 34 a : pressure pipe 3 5 : regulating valve 3 5 a : regulating valve 36 : pressure pipe 3 7 : regulating valve