TW575778B - Light-switching device - Google Patents

Light-switching device Download PDF

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Publication number
TW575778B
TW575778B TW90120551A TW90120551A TW575778B TW 575778 B TW575778 B TW 575778B TW 90120551 A TW90120551 A TW 90120551A TW 90120551 A TW90120551 A TW 90120551A TW 575778 B TW575778 B TW 575778B
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state
patent application
switchable
item
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TW90120551A
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English (en)
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Mark Thomas Johnson
Der Sluis Paul Van
Anna-Maria Janner
Hugo Johan Cornelissen
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Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1523Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/19Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/135Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a photoconducting or a ferro-electric layer, the properties of which can be optically or electrically varied
    • G02F1/1352Light-reflecting layers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153Constructional details
    • G02F1/155Electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/34Metal hydrides materials

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Description

575778 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 本發明與光切換元件有關;能反向地切換此光切換元件 於至少第一狀態的反射光與第二狀態的吸收光間之狀態; 該元件包括含括一種光學可切換材質之可切換層的堆疊層 :改變氫氣之濃度,能完成此光可切換材質之切換動作; 由此元件之第一狀態切換至此元件之第二狀態。 美國5,905,590說明包括含括氫化鎂與其他三價金屬在内 的切換薄膜之一種切換元件。交換氫氣能反向地切換此切 換薄膜,經由一個介中的黑吸收狀態,由一種透明狀態轉 換至類似鏡面之狀態(具有零傳輸)。此切換薄膜係包括於 沉積在透明基板上的堆疊層中。藉由光效應可將此元件用 作一種光切換元件;例如作為一個可變換的光束分離器 (variable beam splitter)、光快門(optical shutter)、與用以控 制照度或發光體之光束型式。此切換元件也能用作資料儲 存與光計算方面,以及例如建築上使用之玻璃,視覺控制 用玻璃,日光屋頂(sunroofs),與後視鏡等應用。製造某模 型的切換薄膜,並提供具有透明電極型式之切換薄膜,即 能完成薄型顯示器。 速度相當慢係此等型式之元件的問題;因為氫氣之運送 能判定此切換效益之速度。 本發明之一主題即在能提供一種切換元件;此種切換元 件具有改良的速度。為達此目的,本發明之特徵為此堆疊 又包括儲存氫氣的一層;該層包括必須含括相同於可切換 層的混合物之材質。此切換材質在非透明狀態具有優良的 氫氣儲存能力。因為此元件係只切換於反射的與吸收的狀 -4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 575778 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 ) 包括用作切換薄膜的LMgHx之一層3 ;此切換薄膜之厚度大 約為200毫微米(L代表鎳、鉻或釔或週期表元素之鑭族的一 個元素);且包括具有大約5毫微米厚度之保護層(palladium layer)5、具有0.1至10毫微米範圍内之厚度之離子導電電解 液保護層7、以及氫氣儲存層9。 就光性質與切換時間而言GdMgHx是極合適之切換材質 ;但是也可以使用其他三價的鍰鑭合金。可反向地切換切 換薄膜3處於低氫(x<〜2)混合物,與飽和高氫(X〜5)混合物 間之狀態,藉由一個介質氫氣混合物。各種混合物具有不 同之光特性。處於低氫氣含量下,此薄膜具有金屬特性且 係非透明的。而後此薄膜類似於鏡面之反射。處於高氫氣 含量下,薄膜3是半導體且透明的;而處於介中的氫氣濃度 下,此切換膜係吸收狀態。 由於保護層5可用以增加氫化或去氫化之速率,因此能加 速此切換速度。其他電性觸媒金屬或合金,例如也可使用 金屬箔或鎳。此外,此金屬層能保護位於下方之切換薄膜3 能免於被電解液腐蝕。保護層5可能具有2至25毫微米範圍 内之厚度。但是,因為此薄膜之厚度能判定切換裝置之最 大傳送;最佳係2至1Q毫微米之一些薄層。 為求適當動作也須有氫儲存層(H-storage layer)9與氫離 子導電電解液層7。Zr*〇2Hx係好的氫離子導體電解液。此電 解液須為優良離子導體,但其必須為電子的隔離子 (isolator),以避免裝置之自行放電。為簡化裝置之故,最 好使用透明的固態電解液。因為透明的固態電解液能防治 |_- 6 -_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
裝 訂
575778 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 法用作光學主動層3。是以,若從可視邊24來看顯示器時, 能降低顯示器之孔徑(aperture)。特別是當驅動電路係相當 複雜,且因為最好此等電晶體係相當大,以處理需用以充 電切換鏡面顯示器之高電流,此孔徑係相當小。 圖3A、3B顯示根據本發明之切換鏡面顯示器的堆疊層。 此時,由堆疊沉積於其上之基板的一邊24觀看此顯示器。 以反向包括切換層3在内之此堆疊順序。意即從基板之表面 開始堆疊,此堆疊包括用來儲存氫氣9的第一層,用來管理 氫氣7與可切換層3的第二層。 係以三明洽方式放置此層於電子導電的電極層11與13。 改變氫氣之濃度能切換此光學可切換的材質3,由反射光之 狀態改變至吸收光之狀態。施加直流電於電子導電層能改 變氫氣之濃度。 結合堆疊層能獲得好的之結果,其中第二層包括電解液 材質,例如Zr〇2Hx ;分離層5係出現於第二層7與可切換層3 之間,且第一層9包括GdMgHx。 圖4係根據本發明之圖素元件20的橫截面。此堆疊層之順 序係反向(如詳述於圖3A、3B ),且此切換層3延伸穿過 主動矩陣元件22。因而放置此電子切換裝置在相關於顯示 器裝置的可視邊24的光學切換材質層的後方。當將此切換 層由反射狀態切換至吸收狀態時,且反向地,則無法看見 主動矩陣元件22。主動矩陣元件不再能判定此孔徑,且因 此能增加孔徑。 切換層3也隱蔽位於基板與切換層間的導電層13。因此, _^_-8^_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
裝 訂

Claims (1)

  1. 575778 第090120551號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍替換本(92年8月)
    1· 種能反向切換於至少反射光之第一個狀態與吸收光之 第二個狀態間之裝置;該裝置包括含括光學可切換材質 的可切換層⑶之層疊;藉由改變氫氣之濃度,能完成光 學可切換材質由裝置的第一個狀態切換至裝置的第二個 狀態4切換;該堆疊又包括一層儲存氫氣層(9);該層包 括必須含括相同於可切換層⑶之化合物之材質,其中該 儲存氫氣層⑼的材料包括GdMgMx以及其厚度範圍為 30〜50μιη,該可切換層⑶的材料包括乙^^知以及其厚度 範圍為100〜lOOOnxn。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其中該裝置係具有圖素元 件(20)的顯示裝置;該等圖素元件(2〇)係能反向切換於至 少第一個狀態的反射光第二個狀態的吸收光間之狀態; 該等圖素元件(20)包括該等疊層。 3·如申請專利範圍第2項之裝置,其中此裝置具有一個可視 邊(24);此可視邊(24)具有一個散射金屬箔。 4.如申請專利範圍第2項之裝置,其中此可切換層之表面係 粗糙,以散射光線。 5·如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其中此光學可切換材質包 括LMgHx ;其中L代表鎳、銑或釔或鑭族的一個元素。 6·如申請專利範圍第2項之裝置,其中此顯示裝置具有一個 可視邊(24)與用以切換該可切換層⑶的電子切換裝置(22) ,且其中電子切換裝置(22)係定位於相關於顯示器之可視 邊(24)的可切換層⑶之後方。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公董)
TW90120551A 2000-09-28 2001-08-21 Light-switching device TW575778B (en)

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US (1) US6535323B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1236070A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2004510201A (zh)
KR (1) KR20020059787A (zh)
CN (1) CN1392966A (zh)
TW (1) TW575778B (zh)
WO (1) WO2002027394A1 (zh)

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TW518446B (en) * 2000-09-28 2003-01-21 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Switching display device having a large aperture
DE60203921T2 (de) * 2001-09-18 2006-02-16 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Elektrophoretische anzeigevorrichtung mit aktiver matrix
US7209915B1 (en) * 2002-06-28 2007-04-24 Microsoft Corporation Method, system and apparatus for routing a query to one or more providers
EP1605302A4 (en) * 2003-03-14 2008-10-15 Sharp Kk DIMMERELEMENT AND DISPLAY ELEMENT FOR THIS
US6862125B2 (en) * 2003-05-05 2005-03-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Reversible electro-optic device employing aprotic molten salts and method
US8790537B2 (en) 2008-06-09 2014-07-29 Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research Process for the preparation of solid polymer electrolytes using ionic liquids
JP5900954B2 (ja) * 2011-09-30 2016-04-06 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 反射型調光素子、該反射型調光素子を用いた反射型調光部材、及び、複層ガラス。
DE102011088850B3 (de) * 2011-12-16 2013-04-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Rauch und Verfahren zum Prüfen der Funktionsfähigkeit einer Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Rauch
DE102015120571A1 (de) * 2014-12-01 2016-06-02 Schott Ag Verfahren zum Trennen von Dünnglas
DE102015120569A1 (de) * 2014-12-01 2016-06-02 Schott Ag Herstellen von waferartigen Dünnglasplatten mit Aufbauten und Auftrennen in einzelne kleinere Dünnglasplatten
US10247997B2 (en) 2016-08-16 2019-04-02 Cardinal Cg Company Switchable hydride smart window and the methods for producing the same
CN112864263B (zh) * 2019-11-26 2023-01-24 中国建材国际工程集团有限公司 一种太阳能电池板及其用途
CN112951944B (zh) * 2019-11-26 2022-11-18 中国建材国际工程集团有限公司 一种太阳能电池板的制备方法

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DE2835347A1 (de) * 1978-08-11 1980-02-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Anzeigevorrichtung mit einem elektrooptischen lichtventil
DE3008768C2 (de) * 1980-03-07 1985-04-04 Schott Glaswerke, 6500 Mainz Elektrochromer Spiegel
DE3369571D1 (en) * 1982-06-18 1987-03-05 Philips Nv Liquid-crystal display device
ATE127226T1 (de) * 1992-06-09 1995-09-15 Avl Medical Instr Ag Körper für die bildung mindestens einer elektrode und/oder eines sensors.
DE69727551T2 (de) * 1996-09-05 2004-12-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Gerät für optische Kommunikation

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US6535323B2 (en) 2003-03-18
US20020036816A1 (en) 2002-03-28
CN1392966A (zh) 2003-01-22
KR20020059787A (ko) 2002-07-13
EP1236070A1 (en) 2002-09-04
JP2004510201A (ja) 2004-04-02
WO2002027394A1 (en) 2002-04-04

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