564212 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) <產業上之利用領域> 本發明，是關於用來作爲食品及其他之包裝用木質容 器和瓦楞紙箱、木箱之代替品的木質容器及其製造方法， 尤其是與使用天然木之深底容器及其製造方法有關。 <先行技術> 近年來，由於對垃圾，及環境之問題意識抬頭，人們 對與異於源自石油之化學合成樹脂而容易以埋入土中腐化 ，焚化等進行廢棄處理之木質容器寄予高度的關心，致有 此種木質容器有關之各種專利申請案。一般說來，木質容 器是對木材單板或是疊層的單板，以加壓成型製造而成。 可是，木材畢竟不同於樹脂及金屬，是不富於延性及 展性的材料。因此之故，如使用會產生一定限度以上變形 的模具對疊層木板施以加壓成形時，會有在變形量大的部 分產生裂縫和裂痕的問題。是故，以往之木質容器的深度 ，最深也只能到3 c m的程度，實際的狀況是尙未能夠製 造出深度超過6 c m的深底容器。又，以往幾乎木質容器 之全部，於加工成形時使用結合劑之故，廢棄處理不但困 難，而且利用爲食品容器等時，尙存有衛生上的問題。 <發明之揭示> 因此，經本發明人等，專心硏究的結果，經於開發出 ，僅使用天然木而不須使用結合劑製造之深底木質容器。 本發明之第一個特徵爲： 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Γ 經濟部智慧財產局Μ工消費合作社印緊 -4 - 564212 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 將至少2片每片之板厚1 m m〜2 m m之板狀木材， 按照各各纖維方向交叉的態樣疊層後，藉加熱至1 8 0 °C 〜2 0 0 °C之金屬模具以沖壓機壓縮成形作成製品。又， 本發明之第2特徵，爲在金屬模上設有對壓縮軸方向呈 1 Ο ύ〜6 0 °傾斜角之傾斜導入面。 於本發明中，至少將兩片單板以其纖維方向相互交叉 的方式疊層後施予壓製成形加工來抑制彎曲加工時產生之 裂縫及製痕。就是說，由於木材具有容易朝纖維方向伸長 ，但朝其橫方向却容易裂開之性質，故藉著把兩片單板之 纖維方向交叉改變的作法，能夠防止起因於纖維方向性之 裂縫和裂痕。加以，爲使疊層的單板能夠圓滑地導入金屬 模具內部起見，在金屬模具上設有傾斜的導入面。該傾斜 導入面的傾斜角度範圍係以對壓縮軸呈1 0 °〜6 0 °之條 件予以設定。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 又，由於容器底部是受壓縮，上部則是伸長之故，於 一片單板時容易產生裂縫，惟採用交織，或互相鉤搭住單 板的方式時，特別能適應上部之伸長，使緣部之肋之成形 成爲可能，而能夠成形出具有圓、三角、四方、花形、船 形等各式各樣之形狀的容器。於容器爲寬廣而大的時候， 藉增加疊層之片數提高強度，並設定增大之厚度就能使成 形成爲可能。 由於本發明之木質深底容器，不用說是淺底容器，連 容器深度超過6 c m之深底也能夠成形出來之故，不但能 擴大可納入容器中收容物之形狀，使用之目的等之範圍， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -5- 564212 經濟部智慈对產局8工消費合作社印^ A7 B7 i、發明説明（3 ) 而且容器的成形是藉對板狀木材施予壓縮加工所達成之故 ’不須使用貼著劑，得能提供特別適合於食品用的容器。 又，由於可藉成形時之高溫加熱對木材中之雜菌等進 行殺菌，故能獲得作爲食品用容器在衛生上的安全性。 更且，由於本發明之木質深底容器，祇採天然木作爲 原料之故，不僅使用後之廢棄處理容易，尙具有把用過之 容器回收加以破碎而獲良質木材碎片的卓越再生利用性。 <發明之最佳實施形態> 可當作本發明有關之木質容器材料使用之樹種有：針 葉樹、濶葉樹、竹皮等，雖然其種類未特別予以限定，惟 基於容易進行彎曲加工之觀點，以其中之比重特別小，材 質柔軟的杉木材最爲合適。又，由於杉木材含有具防菌作 用之抽出成分，與木材具備的高吸濕性相結合，可獲得在 藉重疊等方式被密閉之容器內部之抗菌及調濕功能，最適 於作爲食品用之容器材料。 在本發明中可予使用之單板的板厚，最好爲呈板狀或 是薄片狀，其板厚爲1 m m〜2 m m者。就是，若板厚未 達1 m m時，經疊層之單板彼此之間得不到陷入效果。若 超過2 m m時，單板之彎曲剛性提高致使彎曲加工困難， 同時藉加熱之軟化成爲不均勻，而於成形時存有起因於成 形畸變所產生之裂縫和裂痕之顧慮。 單板之含水率方面，若在1 0 %以下時彎曲剛性增高 致使加工困難，惟在具有除此之外的含水率時則可以加工 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)564212 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) < Utilization field in the industry > The present invention relates to a wooden container used as a substitute for wooden containers for food and other packaging, corrugated cardboard boxes, and wooden boxes, and its manufacture The method is particularly related to deep-bottom containers using natural wood and methods of making the same. < Advanced technology > In recent years, due to the rising awareness of garbage and environmental problems, wooden containers that are easily discarded by incineration and incineration, such as chemical synthetic resins derived from petroleum, are highly valued. Concerns have led to various patent applications related to such wooden containers. Generally speaking, wooden containers are made of wood veneer or laminated veneer by press molding. However, after all, wood is different from resins and metals, and is not a material that is rich in ductility and ductility. For this reason, if a laminated board is press-formed using a mold that causes deformation beyond a certain limit, there is a problem that cracks and cracks are generated in a large amount of deformation. Because of this, the depth of the previous wooden containers can only be as deep as 3 cm, and the actual situation is that they have not been able to produce deep-bottom containers with a depth of more than 6 cm. In addition, in the past, almost all wooden containers used a binder during processing and molding, which was not only difficult to dispose of, but also had hygienic problems when used as a food container. < Disclosure of the Invention > As a result of intensive research conducted by the present inventors, a deep-bottom wooden container manufactured using only natural wood without using a binding agent has been developed. The first feature of the present invention is: This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Seal-4-564212 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) At least 2 pieces of plate-like wood with a thickness of 1 mm ~ 2 mm each, according to each The fibers are stacked in a state where the fiber directions intersect, and then a metal mold heated to 180 ° C to 200 ° C is compressed and formed by a press using a press. In addition, a second feature of the present invention is that the metal mold is provided with an inclined lead-in surface having an inclination angle of 10 ° to 60 ° with respect to the direction of the compression axis. In the present invention, at least two veneers are laminated so that their fiber directions intersect with each other and then subjected to a press forming process to suppress cracks and scars generated during the bending process. That is, because wood has the property of being easy to grow in the fiber direction, but it is easy to crack in the transverse direction. By crossing and changing the fiber direction of two veneers, it is possible to prevent cracks and crack. In addition, in order to allow the laminated veneer to be smoothly introduced into the mold, an inclined introduction surface is provided on the mold. The inclination angle range of the inclination introduction surface is set in a condition that the compression axis is 10 ° to 60 °. It is printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Because the bottom of the container is compressed and the upper part is elongated, cracks are easy to occur in a single board. However, when interlacing or hooking the boards with each other, In particular, it can adapt to the elongation of the upper part, making it possible to shape the ribs at the edge, and can form containers with various shapes such as round, triangular, square, flower, and boat shapes. When the container is wide and large, it can be formed by increasing the number of laminated sheets to increase the strength and setting the increased thickness. Because the wooden deep bottom container of the present invention can be formed even if it is a shallow bottom container, even a deep bottom with a container depth of more than 6 cm, it can not only expand the range of shapes that can be contained in the container, the purpose of use, etc. The size of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -5- 564212 Printed by the Ministry of Economy Zhici to the Industry Bureau 8 Industrial Consumer Cooperative ^ A7 B7 i. The invention description (3) and the shape of the container is borrowed The reason for the compression processing of the plate-shaped wood is that it is possible to provide a container particularly suitable for food without using an adhesive. In addition, since bacteria and the like in wood can be sterilized by heating at a high temperature during molding, hygienic safety as a container for food can be obtained. Furthermore, since the wooden deep bottom container of the present invention only uses natural wood as a raw material, it is not only easy to dispose after use, but also has excellent recycling properties by recycling used containers and crushing them to obtain good quality wood chips. < Best embodiment of the invention > Tree species that can be used as the wooden container material of the present invention include: coniferous trees, loquat trees, bamboo husks, etc. Although their types are not particularly limited, they are based on the ease of bending. In view of this, a soft fir material is most suitable because its specific gravity is particularly small. In addition, because the Chinese fir wood contains extractive ingredients with antibacterial effect, combined with the high hygroscopicity of the wood, it can obtain antibacterial and humidity-adjusting functions in the closed container by overlapping and other methods, which is most suitable for food. Container material. The plate thickness of the veneer that can be used in the present invention is preferably plate-shaped or sheet-shaped, and the plate thickness is 1 to 2 mm. That is, if the thickness of the plates is less than 1 mm, the laminated veneers do not get trapped with each other. If it exceeds 2 mm, the bending rigidity of the veneer will increase, which will make the bending process difficult, and at the same time, it will become non-uniform by softening by heating, and there are concerns about cracks and fissures caused by deformation distortion during molding. As for the moisture content of the veneer, if the bending rigidity is increased at less than 10%, it will make processing difficult, but it can be processed with other moisture content. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297) Mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page)
-6- 564212 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _ _ _B7___五、發明説明（4 ) 。但，處於含水率3 0 %以上之生材狀態下，若不把熱壓 時產生之水蒸汽巧妙地釋放，則會產生脹破之弊端。又， 若屬高含水率材，不但需要爲使水分蒸發之多餘能源，而 且恐使製品之顏色變黑。又，以飽水狀態中保管時，恐在 其間會促進雜菌等之繁殖。所以，處於經過氣乾、或較其 稍高含水率之狀態，就是2 0〜3 0 %之含水率時最爲合 單板之加熱溫度，就是金屬模具之加熱溫度，雖然以 在木質素軟化點之1 3 0 °C以上即可，惟在本發明之製造 方法中，由於欲獲得僅靠單板彼此間之接合，有必要供以 1 8 0 °C〜2 0 0 t之溫度。尤其，當加熱到2 0 0。(：附 近的時候，由於能夠殺死大部分之雜菌，所以用作食品用 之容器時，衛生上甚爲有益。 單板之熱壓時間，如果只是進行單板之彎曲加工，只 要1 5秒之程度就已足夠，惟爲欲完成單板彼此間之接合 ’就需要3 0〜3 0 0秒之時間。雖然一般之認知爲熱壓 時間越長越久，可得之接合度越強，惟爲能獲得某種程度 以上之牢固的接合強度起見，至少需要1 2 0秒以上之時 間。 茲根據所附圖面說明本發明之實施例如下。 <實施例1 > 於本發明當中’首先，將杉原木藉薄切加工而得之板 料，經天然或人工方式乾燥至使其具有2 〇 %程度之含水 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） ' -- -7- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 564212 經濟部智慧財產局Μ工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 率。其次，裁剪該單板成爲如第2圖所示般的單板a及單 板B之兩種形狀。在本實施例裡，準備板厚同爲1 . 5 m m之兩片杉木板，其中一片作成長L 1爲2 5 0 m m， 寬W 1爲2 2 0 m m之長方形，且其隅角部分以r = 4 Ο m m藉去角加工削圓之單板A，及另一片經裁剪成長L 2 爲2 0 0 m m，寬W 2爲1 8 0 m m之長方形單板B兩種 板料。 繼而，如於第3圖所示，先將隅角部未經去角削圓之 單板B、以其纖維方向像與金屬模具（凹型模2 )之較短 方向一致似地配置，其上再以其纖維方向像與金屬模具之 較長方向一致似地放上隅角部經過去角削圓之單板A，令 每個單板之纖維方向像相互交叉（此處爲直交）似地疊層 ，再將疊層之單板A及單板B之表裏兩面夾在如第1圖中 所示之凹型模具2及凸型金屬模具3構成之金屬模具1 ， 利用沖壓機裝置（未予圖示）加壓壓縮成形。 如於第5圖及第6圖所示，所使用的金屬模具1由凹 型2及凸型3構成，其較長寬D爲2 1 0 m m，較短寬d 爲1 5 0 m m，深度Η爲9 0 m m，傾斜導入面4與壓縮 軸間之角度Θ爲3 0 ° 。在此步驟裡以利用加熱器（未予 圖示）把金屬模具加熱到2 0 0 °C，沖壓機加工壓力在初 期爲7 0〜1 5 0 k g f / c m 2，隨後2 0〜3 0秒間爲 1 〇〜2 0 k g f / c m 2，模具緊締速度1 · 5 m m/秒 的條件加壓壓縮經過1 8 0秒而成形。加工成形後予以冷 却，製得木質深底容器5。這時候，原厚度3 m m、經曼 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公H ---- -8 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-6- 564212 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 _ _ _B7___ V. Invention Description (4). However, in the state of raw materials with a water content of 30% or more, if the steam generated during hot pressing is not skillfully released, the disadvantage of bursting will occur. In addition, if it is a material with a high water content, it is necessary not only to use extra energy to evaporate water, but also to make the color of the product black. In addition, when stored in a saturated state, the propagation of germs and the like may be promoted during the storage. Therefore, when it is air-dried or slightly higher in moisture content, it is the most suitable heating temperature for veneer when the moisture content is 20 to 30%, which is the heating temperature of the metal mold, although it is softened in lignin. It is only required to be above 130 ° C, but in the manufacturing method of the present invention, it is necessary to provide a temperature of 180 ° C to 20,000 t because the veneers are only bonded to each other. Especially when heated to 2000. (: Nearby, it can kill most of the germs, so when it is used as a container for food, it is very hygienic. If the heat pressing time of the veneer is only for bending of the veneer, only 1 5 The degree of seconds is sufficient, but in order to complete the bonding of the boards, it takes 30 to 300 seconds. Although the general understanding is that the longer and longer the hot pressing time, the stronger the degree of bonding available. However, it takes at least 120 seconds to obtain strong bonding strength to a certain degree or more. Examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. ≪ Example 1 > In the present invention Among them, first of all, the sheet obtained by thin-cut processing of cedar logs is dried by natural or artificial means to make it have a water content of about 20%. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm). ) '--7- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 564212 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, M Industrial Consumer Cooperative A7 B7 V. Invention Description (5) rate. Secondly, cutting the veneer becomes As shown in Figure 2 Two shapes of plate a and veneer B. In this embodiment, two pieces of Chinese fir boards with the same thickness of 1.5 mm are prepared, one of which is grown as L 1 is 2 50 mm, and width W 1 is 2 2 A rectangle of 0 mm, and the corner portion of the veneer A is rounded by r = 4 〇 mm, and the other piece is cut and grown to have L 2 of 200 mm and width W 2 of 180 mm. Two kinds of sheets of rectangular veneer B. Then, as shown in Figure 3, first compare the veneer B without rounding the corners, and compare the fiber direction image with the metal mold (concave mold 2). The short direction is arranged uniformly, and the fiber direction of the veneer A is placed on the corner with rounded corners as if the fiber direction is consistent with the long direction of the mold. Laminate crosswise (here, orthogonal), and sandwich the two surfaces of the laminated veneer A and veneer B between the metal mold formed by the concave mold 2 and the convex metal mold 3 as shown in Fig. 1 1, using a press device (not shown) under pressure compression molding. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the metal mold 1 used is composed of a concave mold 2 and a convex mold 3, which The length and width D are 210 mm, the shorter width d is 150 mm, the depth Η is 90 mm, and the angle Θ between the inclined introduction surface 4 and the compression axis is 30 °. In this step, a heater is used (Not shown) The metal mold is heated to 200 ° C, and the processing pressure of the stamping machine is initially 70 to 150 kgf / cm 2 in the initial stage, followed by 10 to 20 kgf / 20 to 30 seconds. cm 2 and mold compaction speed of 1.5 mm / sec. Pressurized compression for 180 seconds to form. After being processed and cooled, a wooden deep-bottom container 5 was produced. At this time, the original thickness of the paper is 3 mm and the paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 male H ---- -8-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
564212 經濟部智慧財產局g(工消費合作社印製 A7 ___ B7五、發明説明（6 ) 層形成之單板A及單板B被壓密化至單板一片之厚度 1 · 5 m m。如此的在本發明中按照將木材加熱至屬木質 素軟化點的超過1 3 0 °C之溫度的方法，使木材容易作塑 性變形，令單板A及單板B藉彼此相互之陷入，以相似於 缺口搭接的狀態接合。又，成形後之木質深底容器5朝較 長方向之兩側面部，由於單板呈局部被折疊爲2〜3層的 狀態被壓縮至單板一片之厚度，故該局部將被壓密固定化 而提高了容器之強度。 在本發明之木質容器之製造方法中，爲查認兩片單板 被疊合之接合部分之接合力，俾獲得本發明木質容器之適 確製造條件而進行各種測試，茲將其測試結果表示如下。 首先，對設定過各種接合條件（熱壓條件）之單板彼 此間·進行熱壓接合測試。然後，就經過確認接合之測試體 ’貫施接合部之抗拉剪斷測試及板厚方向抗拉測試。 測試例1 ··熱壓接合測試 改變作爲接合條件之單板含水率，單板厚，熱壓溫度 及熱壓時間進行接合測試。又，針對使單板之纖維方向互 相交叉（正交）而疊合之情形也予以測試。 單板之尺寸及形狀爲1 8 0 m m X 1 8 0 m m之正方 形，將自其端部各5 〇 m m部分疊合。單板之含水率大致 爲3 0 %弱（濕潤狀態）。以下表示在各種測試中之設定 條件。 (1 )熱壓溫度及熱壓時間 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -9- 564212 A7 B7__ 五、發明説明（7 ) 熱壓溫度：1 6〇、1 8〇、2〇0 ( °C ) 熱壓時間：6〇、2〇、1 8〇（秒） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 單板厚：1 · 〇、1 · 5、2 . 0 ( m m ) 單板含水率：飽水狀態（2 Ο Ο %程度）、濕潤狀態 (3 0 %程度）、氣乾狀態（1 5 %程度）、乾燥狀態（ 未滿1 0 % ) (2 )測試結果：利用平面沖壓機進行單板彼此間之 熱壓接合，按熱壓條件之差異出現從完全未結合至牢固地 接合等各式各樣者，特別是就具1 · 0 m m厚，呈乾燥狀 態之單板及具2 · 0 m m厚，呈飽水狀態之單板，於熱壓 時間爲6 0秒及1 2 0秒的情形下未能完成接合。又，就 2 · 〇 m m厚，呈濕潤狀態之單板而言，當在熱壓溫度（ 1 6 0 °C )與時間（6 0秒）不足夠之情形下亦未能接合 。又，雖於熱壓溫度高（2 0 0 °C )的時候，，如熱壓時 間（1 5秒）爲極短的時間時，亦得不到良好的接合狀態 ，而被認出在單板之間有局部性空隙之存在。 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 <測試2例> 對已接合的測試體施與朝纖維方向之拉伸荷重，用接 合部面積除該最大荷重而求出抗拉剪斷強度，將其當作接 合力予以評鑑。該測試，使用萬能試驗機（·日本島津自動 記錄式AG100KNG型），用1mm/分之荷重速度 實施。單板之接合部面積設爲3 Ο X 5 0 m m。測試結果 如第7圖之圖表所示。從第7圖中之圖表可明暸，不論在 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) ~ - -10· 564212 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 哪個單板厚、熱壓溫度中皆與熱壓時間成爲比例的增加。 又，淸楚的暸解到單板之厚度越厚者所受熱壓溫度之影響 越顯著，而抗拉剪斷強度也會增大。此事可認爲是由於單 板厚度越厚時，單.板彼此間之陷入程度會變大所致。 <測試例3 > 爲驗證單板之含水率對接合所及影響起見，對厚度 1 . 0 m m及2 · 0 m m之單板調整單板之含水狀態於： ①飽水狀態（2 0 0 %程度）、濕潤狀態（3 0 %程度） 、氣乾狀態（1 5 %程度）、乾燥狀態（未滿1 0 % )之 四種，然後使用經熱壓接合者進行抗拉剪斷測試。該測試 結果如第8圖中之圖表所示。自第8圖中之圖表可明暸， 能淸楚的瞭解到不關在哪一種厚度之單板，於從乾燥狀態 至含水率3 0%之範圍裡，其含水率程度越高，抗拉剪斷 強度越增大之事。又，雖然對單板厚1 · 0 m m者看不出 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 有起因於熱壓時間之差異，惟對單板厚2 · 0 m m者，則 淸楚地看到熱壓時間越久時抗拉剪斷強度越增大的影響。 不過，處於飽水狀態者於熱壓時間短而得不到足夠熱量的 條件下，其抗拉剪斷強度會降低未能良好地被接合。又， 單板厚1 · 〇 m m者，也有被觀察出在熱壓之際未能確保 水蒸汽之釋放路而引起脹破損傷者。所以，瞭解到單板之 含水率以在1 5 %〜3 0%程度爲適合之事。 <測試例4 > 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） " ~ ' -11 - 564212 A7 _B7 五、發明説明（9 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 於接合單板所需之緊壓時間達到數分鐘之久時，可預 想得到會對容器之量產化帶來障礙。因此，爲欲驗證有關 縮短熱壓時間之可能性，以在本實施例中使用之熱壓機裝 置上限値之熱壓溫度2 0 0 t，並改變熱壓時間爲1 5秒 、3 0秒及4 5秒之三階段，就抗拉剪斷強度進行檢討。 單板之厚度定爲1 · 0 m m及1 . 5 m m。又，在同樣條 件下，包含熱壓時間爲6 0秒、1 2 0秒及1 8 0秒之情 形將所得結果示於如第9圖中之圖表。從第9圖中之圖表 亦能明白，當熱壓時間未達6 0秒時，可淸楚的瞭解到抗 拉剪斷強度將受到熱壓時間強烈的影響。又，可淸楚的瞭 解，不論是那一片單板厚，其熱壓時間有至少維持6 0秒 程度之必要。所以，爲謀求縮短熱壓接合所需之熱壓時間 ，有必要令熱壓溫度超過2 0 0 °C。 <測試例5 > 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 本發明之木質深底容器，由於依照使各片單板之纖維 方向作交叉之樣態予以重疊後施予熱壓之故，所以對單板 之纖維方向形成交叉之情形下之接合力有必要予以查證。 因此，使單板之纖維方向正交並熱壓接合後進行抗拉剪斷 測試。測試之條件爲將熱壓時間改變成1 2 0秒、1 5 0 秒及1 8 0秒之三階段，而單板厚定爲1 · 〇 m m及 1 · 5 m m。測試結果如第1 〇圖之圖表所示。從第1 〇 圖之圖表也可明白，以相同條件但使纖維方向平行地擺齊 而接合之情形比較，則呈較低之値。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -12- 564212 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1〇) <測試例6 :板厚方向抗拉測試> (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 對作爲測試體之已接合的單板進行彼此朝板壓方向剝 下之剝離測試。在雙方之單板表面上貼著一對L型工模， 將該L型工模以試驗機之夾具予以夾持後施加拉伸荷重。 本測試，使用萬能試驗機（日本島津自動記錄式 A G 1 〇 0 K N G型），以1 m m /分之荷重速度進行。 L型工模之貼著面積設定爲1 5 X 3 0 m m，以該面積除 最大荷重之商作爲剝離強度。測試結果如第1 1圖之圖表 所示。從第1 1圖中之圖表也可明白，如以最大荷重作基 準，無論於哪個單板厚、熱壓溫度，其朝板壓方向之抗拉 強度爲抗拉剪斷強度之1 0分之1程度。藉熱壓形成之單 板接合部，由於視其爲朝纖維方向以及板厚方向，在接合 程度上有顯著之差異，故咸認爲把外力方向因素考慮在內 時，將獲得於使用時強，使用後藉微弱之力可簡單地分解 之容器。又，由於熱壓時間而有的強度差，除單板厚爲 2 · 0 m m者以外幾乎分辨不出來。於單板厚2 . 0 m m 時，強度與熱壓時間成比例而增大。又，淸楚的暸解到單 板厚度愈厚著所受熱壓溫度之影響愈顯著，而板厚方向抗 拉強度會增大。此爲因被認爲單板厚度愈厚時，單板彼此 間的陷入程度會愈大之原故。 又，本發明不限定於前述實施例，只要不脫離本發明 要旨之範圍，尙能夠作種種的應用。例如在前述實施例， 雖用兩片單板將容器予以成形，但將三片以上許多單板予 以疊層成形亦屬可行。又’雖在此例中使用裁剪成寬度長 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -13- 564212 經濟部智慈財產局工消費合作社印製 A7 __ B7____五、發明説明（11) 之板狀單板，惟寬度狹窄之板料如於第1 2圖中所示般者 ，也有依疊合及互相釣搭住（長方形、三角形）的方式把 許多片板料彼此接合的可能，且由於使用此方法時能夠作 出寬度長的單板，所以也能有效利用疏伐材等小徑木。 就是，如於第1 3圖所示，把板狀木材A及B，例如 ，把兩片寬度狹窄之單板A1及A2、B 1及B2，以使 其纖維方向互相成爲平行般將各個端部被此予以重疊，俾 構成欲形成容器時需要的面積者亦可。這時候，如第1 4 圖所示，在單板之對接境界部分形成可朝上下交替改變之 缺口 6並予以組合，藉此得能防止在沖壓機加工時產生移 位之弊。 又，如於第1 5圖所示，實際應用小徑木，把許多寬 度狹窄的單板，以使其纖維方向相互交叉般的朝縱橫方向 交織，構成欲形成容器時需要的面積作爲單板A及B亦可 〇 關於此交織狀之單板，雖然將其許多片予以疊合後施 予賦型加工而形成容器亦可，但如於第1 6圖所示，把交 織板狀木材C放在最下層，更對此再將兩片單板A及B， 以該兩片單板A及B之各個纖維方向呈交叉般地重疊後施 予壓縮成形者亦屬可行。這時，例如金屬模具係屬如第 1 7圖所示之平面長方形形狀，再以使兩片單板A及B之 纖維方向與金屬模具之對角線成平行般配置時，即能夠抑 制單板A及B於熱壓之際產生裂痕。又，成形後之容器隅 角部之強度亦藉單板之摺疊而增大。又，依據此方法時， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐1 ~ " -14- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)564212 Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives A7 ___ B7 V. Description of the invention (6) The veneer A and veneer B formed by the layers are compacted to a thickness of 1 · 5 mm. In the present invention, the wood is heated to a temperature exceeding 130 ° C, which is a lignin softening point, so that the wood is easily plastically deformed, so that the veneer A and the veneer B are trapped with each other, similar to They are joined in the state of notch overlap. In addition, after forming the wooden deep bottom container 5 on both sides in the longer direction, the veneer is partially folded into two to three layers and compressed to the thickness of one veneer. This part will be compacted and fixed to increase the strength of the container. In the manufacturing method of the wooden container of the present invention, in order to check the bonding force of the joint portion where the two veneers are overlapped, the wooden container of the present invention is obtained. Various tests are performed under appropriate manufacturing conditions, and the test results are shown below. First, heat-press bonding tests are performed on the boards that have been set with various bonding conditions (heat-pressing conditions). Then, a test to confirm the bonding is performed. body' The tensile shear test and the thickness direction tensile test of the joint are applied. Test Example 1 · The heat compression joint test changes the moisture content of the veneer, the veneer thickness, the heat pressing temperature, and the heat pressing time as the joining conditions. Test. Also, test the case where the fiber directions of the veneer cross each other (orthogonal) and overlap. The size and shape of the veneer is 180 mm X 180 mm square, and it will be from its end. Each 50mm part is overlapped. The moisture content of the veneer is approximately 30% weak (wet state). The following shows the setting conditions in various tests. (1) Hot pressing temperature and hot pressing time (please read the back page first) Please fill in this page for the matters needing attention) The paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297mm) -9- 564212 A7 B7__ 5. Description of the invention (7) Hot pressing temperature: 1 60, 1 80, 2000 (° C) Hot pressing time: 60, 20, 180 (seconds) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Board thickness: 1 · 〇, 1 · 5, 2. 0 (mm) Water content of veneer: saturated state (about 2 〇 〇%), wet state (about 30%), gas State (15% degree), dry state (less than 10%) (2) Test results: Use a flat-panel press to perform the hot-press bonding between the boards. The difference in hot-press conditions from completely unbonded to firm Various types of ground bonding, especially veneers with a thickness of 1.0 mm in a dry state and veneers with a thickness of 2.0 mm in a saturated state, the hot pressing time is 60 seconds and The joint could not be completed in 120 seconds. In addition, for a veneer with a thickness of 2.0 mm and in a wet state, when the heat pressing temperature (160 ° C) and time (60 seconds) are not Inadequate cases failed to join. In addition, even when the hot pressing temperature is high (200 ° C), such as when the hot pressing time (15 seconds) is extremely short, a good bonding state is not obtained, and it is recognized that There are local voids between the plates. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs < 2 Tests > A tensile load in the direction of the fiber is applied to the joined test bodies, and the maximum load is divided by the area of the joint to determine the tensile shear strength And evaluate it as cohesiveness. This test was performed using a universal testing machine (Japan Shimadzu Automatic Recording Type AG100KNG) at a load speed of 1 mm / min. The joint area of the veneer was set to 3 〇 X 50 mm. The test results are shown in the graph in Figure 7. From the chart in Figure 7, it is clear that regardless of the size of this paper, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) is applied ~--10 · 564212 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) (Please read the back Note: Please fill in this page again.) Which of the veneer thickness and hot pressing temperature increases in proportion to the hot pressing time. In addition, Chu learned that the thicker the veneer, the more significant the influence of the hot pressing temperature, and the tensile shear strength will increase. This is considered to be due to the fact that the thicker the veneer, the larger the entrapment between the veneers. < Test Example 3 > In order to verify the influence of the moisture content of the veneer on the joining, adjust the moisture state of the veneer to the veneer with a thickness of 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm in: ① saturated state (2 0% degree), wet state (30% degree), air-dry state (15% degree), dry state (less than 10%), and then using a heat-pressed joint to perform tensile shearing test. The test results are shown in the graph in Figure 8. From the graph in Figure 8, you can clearly understand that the thickness of the veneer does not matter. From the dry state to the moisture content of 30%, the higher the moisture content, the higher the tensile and shear resistance. Increasing the breaking strength. Also, although the board thickness of 1.0 mm is not visible to the employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, there is a difference caused by the hot pressing time, but for the board thickness of 2.0 mm, it is clear to see The effect of increasing the tensile shear strength when the hot pressing time is longer. However, in a saturated state, if the hot pressing time is short and sufficient heat is not obtained, the tensile shear strength will be lowered and it will not be well joined. In addition, those with a veneer thickness of 1.0 mm were also observed to cause burst damage due to failure to ensure the release path of water vapor during hot pressing. Therefore, it is understood that the moisture content of the veneer is suitable to be in the range of 15% to 30%. < Test Example 4 > This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) " ~ '-11-564212 A7 _B7 V. Description of the invention (9) (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) When the pressing time required to join the veneers reaches several minutes, it can be expected that it will hinder the mass production of containers. Therefore, in order to verify the possibility of shortening the hot pressing time, the hot pressing temperature of the upper limit of the hot pressing device used in this embodiment is 2 0 t, and the hot pressing time is changed to 15 seconds and 30 seconds. And the third stage of 45 seconds, the tensile shear strength is reviewed. The thickness of the veneer is set to 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm. In addition, under the same conditions, the results including the hot pressing time of 60 seconds, 120 seconds, and 180 seconds are shown in a graph as shown in FIG. It can also be understood from the graph in Figure 9 that when the hot pressing time is less than 60 seconds, it can be clearly understood that the tensile shear strength will be strongly affected by the hot pressing time. It is also clear that no matter which veneer is thick, the hot pressing time is necessary to maintain at least 60 seconds. Therefore, in order to shorten the hot pressing time required for hot pressing bonding, it is necessary to make the hot pressing temperature exceed 200 ° C. < Test Example 5 > The wooden deep-bottomed container of the present invention was printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Therefore, it is necessary to verify the joint force in the case where the fiber directions of the veneer cross. Therefore, the fiber direction of the veneer is orthogonal, and the tensile shear test is performed after thermocompression bonding. The test conditions are to change the hot pressing time into three stages of 120 seconds, 150 seconds, and 180 seconds, and the thickness of the veneer is set to 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm. The test results are shown in the graph in Figure 10. It can also be seen from the graph in Fig. 10 that the comparison of the cases where the fiber directions are aligned parallel to each other under the same conditions is lower. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -12- 564212 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1〇) < Test example 6: Tensile test in thickness direction > (Please read the back first Please pay attention to this page and fill in this page again) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs on the peeling test of the bonded single boards that are peeled towards each other as the test body. A pair of L-shaped molds are affixed on the surfaces of the veneers on both sides, and the L-shaped molds are clamped by the fixture of the testing machine, and then a tensile load is applied. This test was performed using a universal testing machine (Shimadzu automatic recording type A G 100 K N G type) at a load speed of 1 mm / min. The adhering area of the L-shaped mold is set to 15 X 30 mm, and the quotient of the area divided by the maximum load is taken as the peel strength. The test results are shown in the graph in Figure 11. It can also be understood from the graph in Figure 11 that if the maximum load is used as a reference, the tensile strength in the direction of the plate compression is 10 times the tensile shear strength, regardless of the thickness of the single plate and the hot pressing temperature. 1 degree. The veneer joint formed by hot pressing has a significant difference in the degree of joint as it is oriented in the direction of the fiber and the thickness of the board. Therefore, when considering the factor of the external force, Xian believes that it will obtain a strong A container that can be easily decomposed by weak force after use. In addition, due to the difference in strength due to the hot pressing time, it is almost indistinguishable except for a single sheet thickness of 2.0 mm. When the veneer thickness is 2.0 mm, the strength increases in proportion to the hot pressing time. In addition, it is clear that the thicker the veneer, the more significant the influence of the hot pressing temperature, and the tensile strength in the thickness direction will increase. This is because the larger the thickness of the veneer, the greater the degree of veneer between the veneers. The present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, and can be used in various applications without departing from the scope of the gist of the present invention. For example, in the foregoing embodiment, although the container is formed by using two veneers, it is also feasible to laminate three or more veneers into a stack. Also 'Although in this example, the paper is cut to a long width and the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -13- 564212 printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 __ B7_ 2. Description of the invention (11) The plate-shaped veneer, but the narrow width of the plate is as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 2. There are also many plates that are stacked and caught (rectangular, triangular). It is possible for the materials to be bonded to each other, and because this method can be used to make a veneer with a long width, it is also possible to effectively use small diameter wood such as thinning wood. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, plate-shaped wood A and B, for example, two narrow veneers A1 and A2, B 1 and B2, so that the fiber directions become parallel to each other The parts are overlapped by this, and it is also possible to form the area required when forming a container. At this time, as shown in FIG. 14, a gap 6 is formed in the butt realm of the veneer, which can be alternately changed up and down, and combined, thereby preventing the disadvantage of displacement during the processing of the punching machine. In addition, as shown in FIG. 15, a small-diameter wood is practically used, and a large number of narrow veneers are interlaced so that their fiber directions intersect in the vertical and horizontal directions. The area required to form a container is used as a veneer. A and B can also be 〇 Regarding the interlaced veneer, although many pieces of the interlaced veneer can be laminated to form a container to form a container, as shown in FIG. 16, the interlaced veneer C is placed on In the lowermost layer, it is also feasible to apply two sheets of veneer A and B, and compress and form them after overlapping the fiber directions of the two veneers A and B. At this time, for example, when the metal mold is a flat rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 17 and the fiber directions of the two veneers A and B are arranged parallel to the diagonal of the metal mold, the veneer can be suppressed. A and B were cracked during hot pressing. In addition, the strength of the corners of the container after forming is also increased by folding the veneer. In addition, according to this method, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm 1 ~ " -14- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
564212 A7 _____B7 五、發明説明（12) 除使用如於第1 8圖所示平面圓形狀金屬模具作成之深底 容器等之外尙能夠製造出其他各式各樣形狀之容器. (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 又’依照本發明時，容器之深度係可按需要調節自如 者’故不用說’淺底容器之成形也是可能，且也能夠調製 淺底者作爲容器之蓋。又能對容器側面部之高設高低差， 且也有可能作成在容器之緣之一部分附與缺口之形狀，抑 或使緣部呈波浪型予以成形。 更可在容器底部設凹凸，使其底之一部分隆起之類的 ’以及在底部之高度設段差之容器等也能成形。又，以燙 印描繪文字及圖形於容器上也屬可能者。 <發明之效果> 本發明由於如前所述般地構成，故具有以下卓越的效 經濟部智慈財產局8工消費合作社印製 (1 )因爲只使用木材而不須使用貼著劑作爲原料， 所以可容易地實施埋入土中讓其腐化或焚化等之廢棄處理 。又，可將回收之容器予以粉碎所得之木材碎片，循環再 生利用。 (2 )將至少兩片之單板，以其纖維方向像相互交叉 的方式疊層後以沖壓機加工成形，藉此可抑制在彎曲加工 時產生之裂縫及裂痕。加諸，爲能使疊層之單板圓滑地導 入金屬模具內部，在金屬模具上設有傾斜導入面，故能夠 製造種種形狀之深底木質容器。 (3 )當用來作食品用容器的時候，因成形中之高溫 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -15- 564212 經濟部智慧財產局g(工消f合作社印製 A7 _B7_五、發明説明（13) 加熱把木材中之雜菌等予以殺菌，故在衛生上可得極高之 安全性。 <利用於產業上之可能性> 如前所述，本發明之木質深底容器，因爲除其可收容 於容器之收容物種類、形狀，使用目的之範圍廣大及使用 後之廢棄處理容易以外，尙具有卓越的再生利用性，故就 當作收容包含食品在內之種種物品用容器而言，具有在廣 大的領域中能被採用的可能性。 <圖面之簡單說明> 第1圖表示本發明所用金屬模具之一例的分解立體圖 〇 第2圖表示疊層用單板之平面圖。 第3圖表示疊層單板之疊合狀態的立體圖。 第4圖表示本發明之深底木質容器的立體圖。 第5圖（a )表示金屬模具之較長方向的側面圖，（ b )爲其平面圖。 第6圖爲金屬模具之較短方向的側面圖。 第7圖表示查證熱壓溫度及熱壓時間對單板接合力之 影響的測試結果。 第8圖表示查證單板含水率對單板接合力之影響的測 試結果。 第9圖表示查證在熱壓溫度2 0 0 °C時熱壓時間對單 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} -16· 564212 A7 B7 五、發明説明（14) 板接合力之影響的測試結果。 第1 0圖表示查證使單板作交叉（正交）時之接合力 的測試結果。 第1 1圖表示查證單板朝厚度方向之接合力的測試結 果。 第1 2至1 4圖表示寬度狹窄之板料彼此之接合方法 的說明圖。 第1 5至1 6圖爲屬於深底木質容器之製造方法的其 他實施例說明圖。 第1 7圖（a )表示其平面呈長方形之金屬模具較長 方向之側面圖，（b )爲其平面圖。 第1 8圖（a )表不其平面呈圓形之金屬模具較長方 向之側面圖，（b )爲其平面圖。 主要元件對照表 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慈財產局資工消費合作社印製 1 金 屬 模 具 2 凹 型 模 具 3 凸 型 金 屬 模 具 4 傾 斜 導 入 面 5 木 質 深 底 容 器 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -17-564212 A7 _____B7 V. Description of the invention (12) In addition to deep-bottom containers made of flat circular metal molds as shown in Figure 18, other containers of various shapes can be manufactured. (Please read first Note on the back, please fill in this page again.) Also, according to the present invention, the depth of the container can be adjusted as needed. Therefore, it is needless to say that the formation of the shallow bottom container is also possible, and the shallow bottom can also be used as the lid of the container. . It is also possible to set the height difference of the side of the container, and it is also possible to make a shape with a notch attached to a part of the edge of the container, or to make the edge part in a wave shape. Furthermore, it is possible to provide irregularities at the bottom of the container so that a portion of the bottom is swelled, etc., and a container having a stepped height at the bottom can also be formed. It is also possible to draw characters and graphics on the container by hot stamping. < Effects of the invention > Since the present invention is structured as described above, it has the following excellent effects: Printed by the 8th Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (1) Because only wood is used and no adhesive is required As a raw material, it is possible to easily carry out a disposal process such as burial or incineration in the soil. In addition, wood fragments obtained by crushing the recovered container can be recycled for recycling. (2) Laminate at least two veneers in such a way that their fiber directions cross each other, and then use a punching machine to form them, thereby suppressing cracks and nicks during bending. In addition, in order to smoothly introduce the laminated veneer into the inside of the metal mold, the metal mold is provided with an inclined introduction surface, so that deep-bottom wooden containers of various shapes can be manufactured. (3) When used as a food container, due to the high temperature during forming, the paper size is subject to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) -15- 564212 Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed A7 _B7_ V. Description of the invention (13) Heating sterilizes the germs and other bacteria in the wood, so it can obtain high safety in hygiene. ≪ Possibility of use in the industry > As mentioned above The wooden deep-bottomed container of the present invention is considered as a container because it has excellent recyclability, in addition to the type and shape of the contents that can be stored in the container, the wide range of use purposes, and easy disposal after use. Containers for various articles including foods have the possibility of being used in a wide range of fields. <Simplified description of drawings> Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a metal mold used in the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a laminated veneer. Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of a laminated state of the laminated veneer. Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of a deep-bottom wooden container according to the present invention. Fig. 5 (a) shows a metal mold. The side view in the long direction, (b) is a plan view. Figure 6 is the side view of the shorter direction of the metal mold. Figure 7 shows the test results to verify the influence of hot pressing temperature and hot pressing time on the veneer bonding force. Figure 8 shows the test results to verify the influence of the moisture content of the veneer on the joint strength of the veneer. Figure 9 shows that the hot pressing time at the hot pressing temperature of 200 ° C applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) to the paper size. A4 specification (210X297mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page} -16 · 564212 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) The test result of the influence of the board bonding force. Figure 10 shows the verification order The test results of the joint force when the boards are crossed (orthogonal). Figure 11 shows the test results of the joint force of the single board in the thickness direction. Figures 12 to 14 show the joining methods of the narrow-width boards. Figures 15 to 16 are illustrations of other embodiments of the manufacturing method of deep-bottom wooden containers. Figure 17 (a) shows a longer side view of a metal mold whose plane is rectangular, ( b) is its plan view. (A) It is a side view of a long direction of a metal mold whose plane is round, and (b) is a plan view. A comparison table of main components (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives 1 Metal mold 2 Concave mold 3 Convex metal mold 4 Inclined lead-in surface 5 Wooden deep-bottom container This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -17-