TW555729B - Amendment formulas for improving tree bark compost into disease-suppressive culture medium - Google Patents

Abstract

An additive for improving tree bark compost into disease-suppressive culture medium is disclosed including a acid-alkali modulation which could change the acid-alkali value of the medium, a substance providing the necessary elements of crop growth, a source of microorganism nutrition, and a natural discard matter which could be decomposed. Mixing all these ingredients into the medium for using. The medium has the effect for protracting or suppressing crop diseases.

Description

555729

This case is about a medium additive, which can promote the growth of Fe -7 Λ. W A, and improve the physical and chemical properties of the medium and the function of inhibiting diseases. Background of the Invention At present, farmers generally adopt intensive cultivation, prefer chemical fertilizers, and are slightly supplemented by organic matter. Therefore, about 60% of farmland and soil in Taiwan are acidic, and crop diseases have increased year by year, leading to vegetable, Productivity of crops such as fruit trees has plummeted. In order to maintain the continuous productivity of the crops and prevent the ecological balance of the farmland from continuing to deteriorate, efforts need to be made to effectively reduce the acidification, poisoning and erosion of the farmland 'and often supplement the various nutrients and organic matter required for crop growth. In addition, 'the current growing market demand for crop healthy seedling cultivation and potted flowers' has caused a relatively large demand for soilless cultivation media. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, phytologists have gradually paid attention to certain crop residues, bark compost and sludge, etc., which have the characteristics of controlling soil-borne pathogens of crops.

Fahy, 1 986). Malek and Gartner (1975) pointed out that broad-leaved bark compost can inhibit nematodes such as Meloidogyne hapla, Pratylenchus penetrans and Trichodorus christiei. Tamura and Taketani (1 7 7) reported that the effect of composting leaves and rice husks on Plasmodiophora brassicae was significantly better than that of sawdust composting. Kaat et al. (1989) found that larch bark composting could effectively prevent yam brown rot caused by Fusarium. In addition, after applying sawdust composting in the field, they found that soil microorganisms could proliferate in large quantities, but not With inhibition of Fusarium oxsporum f · sp · iyCOpersici infection in% plants

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$ 5 pages 555729 Case No. 89104191 [January, Amendment V. Invention Description (2) Effect. Boehm et al. (1 993), Chen et al. (1 988) and Mandelbaum & Haradar (1 990) pointed out that the bactericidal effect of microorganisms is the main mechanism for compost control of crop root rot. Boehn] et al. (1 993) demonstrated that plants grown with the bark composting cultivation medium have a large number of pseudomonas spp · in their root circles, which significantly reduces the incidence of plant root rot. In addition, Boehm et al. (1 993) believed that the problem of microbial competition for carbon source is also part of the effect of compost bacteriostasis. In other words, the type and activity of microorganisms play a very important role in the disease prevention effect of compost.

Hardy & Sivasithamparam (1991a) reported that filtrate from Eucalyptus bark compost (CEB) could inhibit Phytophthora cinnamoni, P. cryptogea, P. drechsleri and P. nicotianaevar. Heart d. The sterilized Eucalyptus bark compost had no bacteriostatic effect. In the same year, Hardy and Sivasithamparam (199 lb) proved that the actinomycetes contained in CEB did not have the effect of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria, but had the same effect with ρ · drechsleri Competitive saprophytic ability. Therefore, how to effectively use the waste materials produced in the papermaking process to develop a cultivation medium 'and explore its impact on crop growth is the development purpose of this case. Comprehensive description of the invention t The main purpose of this case is to use some natural Waste materials are used to develop cultivation media. X Another purpose of this case is to provide a media additive that can be extended

Page 6 5. Description of the invention (3) Slow or inhibit the breeding and growth of crop germs in the medium. The media additives in this case include a pH-adjusting ... species that provide the necessary elements for crop growth; of :; 乂 change: the function of growing crop germs. In some mediums, which are slow or inhibited, it is preferable that the acid-base value adjusting agent is quicklime, 0.05 to 1 (w / ν)%. / ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ',' Conceives to provide the necessary growth for crops in the case; Nitrogen fertilizer is-a substance selected from bone meal, fish: group; species selected from bone meal, fish meal, soybean: all = The scale fertilizer is-and its mixture into groups; the unloading: = two disc acid words, urea powder, blood powder, soybean powder, household sand x 'is a substance selected from bone meal, fish; the The fertilizer is a kind of perscalic acid formed from 2 ^ and its mixture, and each group of its mixture = ash 2 shell powder, bone powder, and the necessary element is preferably made up of all components. ^ Provide crop growth The nutrition source of the microorganism is a kind selected from = ,, ~ ~ 25 (V / V)%. Substances formed by the mixture, f2, 51, meal, fish meal, blood meal and 0.05 ~ l (w / v)%. , 〃 ,,,, and spoons account for 75% to 100% (V / V) of the natural degradable waste of all ingredients. It is compost compost, which accounts for about 555729 of all ingredients. Case No. 89ΐηζΠ (η V. Description of the Invention (4) The solution of this case can be obtained by the following diagrams and detailed descriptions. The effects of various test media on lettuce in Example 1 of this case. The second picture of Changxiang is the effect of the test medium on the growth of cabbage in Example 2 of the case. The third picture is the shadow of the test medium of Example 2 on the growth of sweet pepper plants. Formulas of media additives with different lime doses for growth of courgette plants. Formulas of media additives with different blood meal doses for courgette plants. The picture shows the inoculation of bark compost media with different concentrations (Rhxzocton ^ solani AG-4, isolate RST-〇4), i0 ^ 7 days after treatment, the results of suffering from Brassica oleracea after sowing cabbage seeds. Figure 7 shows the resistance test of bark composting medium to S. aquaticum (aphanidermatum). The preferred embodiment illustrates that the present invention provides a medium additive, which provides Naturally decomposable waste of essential elements for crop growth. This is used to change the pH value of the medium; a diacid-acid test value regulator, a substance; a microbial nutrient source; and 5. Description of the invention (5) The acid test value can be used by mixing these ingredients in the medium The regulator is preferably quicklime, 0.05% α / ν)%. In addition to changing the medium = the amount of quick lime is also a good source of calcium, and can promote actinomycetes and bacteria 5 ^ alkali value, to the effect of disease prevention. / # 性 'and then the materials that provide the necessary elements for crop growth are fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potassium fertilizers, and calcium fertilizers. The carbon source can be a source of tritium, nitrogen powder, carbonized rice husks and their mixtures It is selected from the group consisting of bone meal, fish meal, soybean meal, chicken manure, pig manure, ^ nitrogen = a substance composed of a meal and a mixture thereof; the phosphate fertilizer is-fish meal, soybean meal, seabird phosphate rock, Calcium superphosphate, urea, and 苴 from the two powders, grouped substances; the potassium fertilizer is a kind selected from bone meal, soy powder prepared by the 5 materials, carbonized rice husk 'potassium nitrate and its mixture: J of ： ， And the calcium fertilizer can be a kind selected from raw stone ", shell powder, bone powder J. Substances in groups of mixtures. K M S Wen Calcium The biological nutrient source is a substance selected from the group consisting of worm shells and mixtures. Fish such as blood meal and carbonized rice husks mentioned above, besides providing potassium, are also sources of Γ: Γ charcoal, which absorbs the bark ’s ageing compounds to eliminate the root system of crops. ° ~ 25 (ν / ν)%. In addition to husk powder, it is also a good source of nutrients. It can introduce and induce growth of puteri bacteria, and increase the pH value of the medium and improve the negative properties of the two substances. The preferred dosage is 0 35 ~ 0 6 5 ( ff / v)%. As for Syria, fish meal or soybean meal is a good source of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which can be obtained through 555729.

Nitrifying bacteria produces ammonia to weaken soil-borne pathogens and increase the bacteriostatic effect of additives. The amount of blood meal used is preferably 0.05 ^ medium fish meal or soybean meal is 0.2 (w / v)%, while bone meal is preferably v)%, ^ the natural degradable waste is preferably bark compost Because of 1. Pine ’can be in contact with air, and can induce fluorescein in the medium; Grow 'and enhance the long-lasting properties of the medium. The bark is 75 to 100 (V / V)%. All components In order to fully understand the characteristics of this case, the following examples are provided for detailed description and proof. Only the first example uses a combination of carbonized rice husk, fish meal, husk meal, lime and Chinese pulp eight bark composting to improve the formulation of the best three media (such as ^ 2), and the commercially available Dutch peat moss (ΒνΒ Ν〇) · 4, currently used in Taiwan as the bulk) and Tree Bark Compost (TBC) = Photo Group. Seeds of the lettuce crop were sown in the test media of the three improved media formulations, bark compost, and Dutch peat, and then each treatment was moved to: a type constant temperature growth box (24 C), daily light 丨 2 hours, 28 days after sowing Record the fresh weight of the plants after washing. ;

Page 10 555729. __Case No. 89104191 ——._] Year α, Month, and Q. Fifth, the description of the invention (7) Table I Quality Formula One Formula Two Formula Three Ingredients (TBC-01) (TBC-02) (TBC -03) quicklime 0.10? 〇0. 15% 0. 15% fish meal 0.20% Γ 0.20% 0.20% bitter tea meal 0.25% one dish · disease " 0. 05% 0.05% '' 0. 10% Bone Meal — 1.0.10% Husk Powder 0.35% “0.35% 0.65% Haiwu Phosphate O. 05%-Carbonized Rice Husk — 25.00% 25.00% Bark Compost. (TBC) 100 00% 75. 00% 75. 00% This experimental result is shown in the first figure. From the results, it can be confirmed that the improved bark composting medium can be used as a medium for lettuce growth and development. 03) The fresh weight of lettuce in medium was better than that of commercially grown BVB No. 4 medium. Example 2 is the third in the example-TB Formula (TB " 3), bark τΒ〇, U charcoal (BVB No. 4) Sowing two kinds of crop seeds such as cabbage (Gaofeng ^, sweet pepper (blue star), etc.) in the test medium, and then each treatment will be moved to a temperature-growth box (24 C) 'for 12 hours per day, 28 days after sowing Record the plant freshness after washing the plants weight.

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# 1 ^ uv ^ nu · K T The weight of the moon breeder. Similarly, the third figure also shows that the fresh weight of sweet pepper plants grown in TBC-03 medium is significantly better than the weight of growers grown in commercially available BVB No. 4 medium. Example 3 Adjust the lime concentration of Formula 3 (TBC-03) of Example 1 to 0 (W / V) ° / o (TBC-03_l), 0.05 (W / V)% (TBC-03-2) &

1 · 0 (W / V)% (TBC-03-3) (detailed recipes are listed in Table 2) and seeded with the bark compost (TBC) and the formula 3 (Tβ〇03) of Example 1, and then each The treatment was moved into a large-scale constant temperature growth box (24. (:), the light was lighted for 12 hours each day, and the plants were cleaned after 28 to 8 days after sowing. The fresh weight and root weight of the plants were recorded.

Table 2 Ingredients TBC-03 TBC-03-1 TBC-03-2 TBC-03-3 Quicklime 0.15% 0. 00% 0. 05% 1.0% "丨 Black powder 0.20% 0.20% 0.20% 0.20¾ "blood meal 0. 10% 0. 10% 0. 10% 〇 10%" bone meal 0. 10% 0. 10% 0.10% 0. 10% J i3 [shell powder 0. 65% 0. 65% 0 65% 0.65% _ Carbonized Rice Husk 25.00% 25.00% 2 5 0 0% 2 5. 0 0% _ Bark Compost (TBC) 75. 00% 75.00% 75. 00% 75. 00% Page 12 555729- __ Case No. 89104191 V. Description of the invention (9)

Amend

The experimental results of this example are shown in the fourth figure. It can be seen from the figure that the fresh weight of the courgette cultivated with TBC-03-2 medium is the heaviest, and TBC-03, TBC-03-l and TBC-03 ~ 3 are the second. Example 4 The blood powder concentration of Formula 3 (TBC-03) of Example 1 was adjusted to 0 (W / V)% (TBC-03-Al), 0.025 (W / V)% (TBC-03-A2), and 〇 · 05 (W / V)% (TBC-03-A3) and 0.075 (W / V)% (TBC-03-A4) (detailed formulas are listed in Table 3), and they are used together with bark compost (TBC) and case one Formula 2 (TBC-03) was seeded with courgette seeds, and then each treatment was moved into a large value temperature growth box (24 ° C), which was exposed to light for 12 hours every day. The plants were cleaned 28 days after sowing and the fresh and root weights of the plants were recorded.

\ 、、 Media \ Ingredients \\ TBC-03 TBC-〇3-Α1 TBC-03- A2 TBC-03- A3! TBC-03- A4 1! Quicklime 10.0.15% 0.15% 0.15% 15%! 0.15% 0.15% 1 Fishmeal '| 1 〇 20% 0.20% 0.20% \! 0. 20% 0.2 0% 1 Blood meal 1 1 〇. 10% 0 · 0 0% j 10.025% 0 05 Factory 0 · 0 7 5%丨 Bone meal 1 | 0, 10% 0. 10%!! 0.10% 0. 10% 0.10¾; 蚵 壳 粉 i ί 〇 65% 0. 65%! 1 0. 6 5 0. 65% 0.6 5% " Carbonized rice husk 2 5.0 0% 25.00% 25.00% 25.00% 2 5.0 0% "Bark compost (TBC) 75. 〇% 75. 00% 75. 00% 7 5. 0 0% 75. 00¾ | i Page 13

555729.

The t-test results are shown in the fifth graph. The figure shows that TBC-03 medium :. The fresh weight of the moon courgette is the heaviest, and the root weight is ^ 一 "一 ... and ^^ ⑽ 一 ^ is & Be 2 ί. The bark composting improvement media provided in this case has the effect of delaying or I ΐ crop pathogens, this part The share can be proved by the following example.

Example Wumincong R. solani AG-4 strain RST-04 strain was cultured on a plate of glucose-complexed fat medium at room temperature (24-28 ° C). Then, use a sterile No. 3 punch to cut a 6-mm diameter mycelial mass along the edge of the colony for use; 200 ml of horsetail potato puree perlite culture medium (Ma Ling f mud 20 liters & liters, 20 ml of water , 1-2 mm diameter perlite (200 ml) ^ ^ 500 ml flask was sterilized in an autoclave (i2i art, 15 "

Knife bismuth), transfer 4-6 6-mm diameter hyphae pieces to each bottle and incubate at room temperature for one week. Shake the culture medium in the flask evenly every two days and use it as a source of inoculation. In the treatment group, TBC medium and BVBN0.4 medium were respectively added with 0 · 25 Z, 0 · 50%, 0 · 75%, and 1 ° /. The inoculation source (v / v), after mixing, the knife was added to the plastic gold, the mother pot was 200 ml of mixed medium, and those without TBC medium were used as the control group. Each treatment was repeated five times. 5. After full watering, sow 5 germinated peak varieties of cabbage were sown in each pot, and then each treatment was moved to the greenhouse for cultivation. The other group of treatments was TBC medium and bvb.

555729.-^ 89104191. 1 car (, month 1 / day correction __ V. Description of the invention (11) V / '一'

No. 4 medium was added with pathogenic bacteria and allowed to stand for 7 days before sowing. The incidence of each treatment was recorded every 7 days in the test, and the observation was recorded for two weeks. The results of this test show that the bark composting medium does have the effect of delaying or inhibiting Rhizoctonia solani, and the disease is lowered after 7 days of treatment, as shown in the sixth figure. In addition, in the treatment group mixed with Rhizoctonia solani strains with different proportions, the disease incidence was lower in the TBC treatment group regardless of the day of treatment or 7 days after the inoculation of pathogenic bacteria. The treatment group was lower than the ν0.4 treatment group. Example 6 Pythium aphanidermatum Pa- 105 strain was cultured on a Vj 8 vegetable juice water agar medium plate at room temperature for 1 day, and then a 6 mm diameter was cut along the edge of the colony with a sterilized No. 3 punch. The mycelium block is ready for use. 4 Put 200 ml of V-8 vegetable juice water agar medium (20 ml of V-8 vegetable juice filtered by gauze, 20 ml of water, and 20 () ml of perlite diameter mm) into 500. After sterilizing the autoclave (121.0, 15 ^ 20 minutes) in a milliliter flask, transfer 4 to 6 6 mm diameter hypha pieces to each bottle, and then 'melon: culture for one week, every two days Shake the culture medium in the flask and use it as a source of inoculation. In the treatment group, TBC medium and BVB No. 4 medium were respectively added with 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0n, 400%, and 50% inoculation sources (ν / ν), and the plastics were added after mixing evenly. In the pots, each pot contained ^ 0 ml of the mixed substance, and those without TBC medium were used as a control group, and each treatment was repeated five times. After full watering, 5 germinated Wanji cucurbita seeds were sown in each pot, and then each treatment was transferred to the greenhouse for cultivation, and the other group was treated with TBC medium and ΒνΒ Νο · 4 medium and added to the pathogen for 7 days.

Page 15 555729.

The incidence of each treatment was recorded every 7 days in the test—from the day to the ^ th day of reseeding. The results of this test showed that the disease incidence of different proportions of melons was mixed in the treatment day. πη, Tian M P, brown seeder, carcass, inoculated with pathogenic bacteria 7 days later, Feng Jie, seeder, and the fourth week later, as shown by the forgetfulness of the worm. The lowest rate of pathogenic bacteria is 1%. For example, as shown in the seventh example, the cabbage sclerotinia sclerotiorum (R · s〇Uni ag) was transferred to the potato plant. -28. 〇 Ϊ 培养基 culture medium (PDA) plate at room temperature) σ two days after sterilization, punch 3 with sterilized No. 5 | & ra dazha / guogu Luobian stone selection and its r / letter spare; 200ml mashed potato pearls. culture base (20ml mashed mashed potatoes, 20ml water 丨 perlite 200ml) F 500,000 sets of η? 1 ν ”are filled into 500 liter autoclaves and sterilized in an autoclave (20 minutes), and 4 to 6 6mm straight mycelia are transferred into each bottle. After the block, the room γ τ μ benefits-said "» a house and k's base are shaken $, :: ϋ: ': The culture field in the flask is used as an inoculation source every two days. The treatment group modified the TBC medium R to 2 (listed in the middle of Table 4-called TBC-_) and this book to add 0%, 0%, 0 °, 25 ° / °, 0.5 ° / °, 0. 75%, 1% (per 'hole two) liters, eight, stir well, and then divide them into 2X3 six-hole cut seedling pots (夂, liter'), each with a dry silk core Each medium of bacteria inoculation was divided into two groups, each group was four pots, one group was filled with eight pots; one of the peaked varieties of Brussels sprouts was sown in the hole, and the medium was cultured. The incidence of each treatment was recorded every 7 days.

Page 16 555729.-89104191 I month ^ day amendment V. Invention description (13) " C-until the 28th day; the other group was placed in the greenhouse after inoculation and watered daily, 7 It will also be broadcast in every hole after the day! A sprouting peak variety, Brassica napus, was transferred to a greenhouse for cultivation, and the incidence of each treatment was recorded every 7 days until the 28th day. Table 4 Quality TBC-03-A TBC-03-B Quicklime 0.05% 0.05% Fishmeal 0.20% 0.20¾ Blood meal 0.075¾ 0.075% Bone meal 0.10% 0.10% Crustacean powder 0.65% 0.65% Carbonization Rice husk 25. 00% 0.00% Bark compost (TBC) 75.0 0% 75.00¾

The results of this test showed that cabbage was planted on the day after inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani, and the disease incidence rate increased with the increase of the pathogen addition rate. The bark composting medium with different components had a lower incidence of TBC-03-B. Incubation

After 7 days of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum treatment, the treatment group also increased the incidence of disease with the increase of pathogen addition rate. However, when the concentration of 0.25% pathogen was added, the results showed that TBC-03-A significantly reduced the incidence of disease. The results are shown in Table 5.

Page 17 555729, 89 89104191

-Year LU Rev. V. Description of the invention (14) Table V Concentration of test inoculation source (v / v) Medium 0 days 7 days after sowing 0.2 5% 0.50% 0.7 5% 1.00% 0.2 5% 0.50% 0.7 5% 1.00 % TBC 66.67 91.67 9 1.67 91.67 21.47 * 66.67 80.95 80.95 TBC-〇3. 71.43 85.72 76.19 76.19 16.69 66.67 80.95 85.71 TBC- 03-B 54.17 87.50 83.33 83.33 66.67 70.83 91.67 83.34 B VB No. 4 73.27. 90.48 100.0 100.0 1 1 • * indicates that the error is 5 ° / 〇2. This table is the average value after 28 days of processing. The examples are lettuce, cabbage, and long. Concentration of ingredients is the concentration of ingredients. The first to fourth of this case can prove that various kinds of five to seven such as sweet peppers, cucurbits, etc. can prove the effectiveness of this decomposable waste (ie, bacteria and cucurbit catastrophic disease. Of course, for the sake of illustration, It should not be possible to add a natural decomposable waste media supplement according to actual needs, which can effectively promote the growth of the media provided by crops. Bark composting) can delay or inhibit people. For sale Examples of Portland cement in the present specification, to make; to limit the scope of the case, to adjust. Yisou

Discarded materials to develop into a cutting medium activity 555729, _Case No. 89104191, _ U _ ^^ Rev. _ V. Description of the invention (15) Additives make this waste a resource, and this soil additive can not only promote The growth of crops can improve the physical and chemical properties of the medium and the function of inhibiting diseases, and can delay or inhibit the reproduction and growth of crop germs in the medium. Therefore, this case may be modified by anyone who is familiar with the art, but it is not inferior to those who want to protect the scope of the patent application.

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Learn more. The effect of lettuce plant growth The effect of plant growth. Effects of plant growth. Fang to Squash Plant Growth Fang to Squash Plant Growth Rhizoctonia sclerotiorum RST-04) Results after 0 days and 7 diseases. (Py th i um 555729 'diagram simply illustrates the case. The following diagram and detailed description can be used to obtain the first diagram of the various test mediums in Example 1 of the case. The first diagram is the test medium in Example 1 of the case. The second picture of Gan Zhi is the example of this case. The effect of the test medium on the sweet pepper. The fourth picture is the effect of the medium addition with different doses of lime. The fifth picture is the effect of the medium addition with different blood meal doses. The sixth picture is The bark composting medium was inoculated with different concentrations (Rhizoctonia solani AG ~ 4, isolate day after sowing cabbage seeds and suffering from cabbage stand-up). The seventh picture shows the bark composting medium's resistance to the courgette aphanidermatum.

Claims (1)

Ben H 89104191 _ 年 汐 月 / C. Revised revision jE replaces this biography 3.1. Broken date 6. Application for patent scope 1. A disease-resistant cultivation medium additive, including: quicklime, a kind of pH regulator, used In order to change the acid value of the medium, it accounts for 0.05 ~ 1 (W / V)% of all components; ^ ^ A substance that provides essential elements for crop growth is selected from a carbon source, a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a Calcium fertilizer and its mixture, accounting for 0.05 ~ 25 (V / V)%; a source of microbial nutrition, selected from the group consisting of a shellfish meal and a fish meal mixture, accounting for 0.054 (w / v) of all ingredients %; And a bark compost, which is a natural decomposable waste, accounting for 75 to 100 (V / V) 0 / 〇. Knife 2 · The medium additive as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the source of interference is a substance selected from the group consisting of husk powder, carbonized rice husk and mixtures thereof. 3. The medium additive according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the dosage range of the tree husk powder is not more than 0.65 (W / V)%. 4. The medium additive according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a substance selected from the group consisting of bone meal, fish meal, soybean meal, chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure, rice bran, soybean meal and mixtures thereof . 5. The dosage range of the media additive as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application is not greater than 0.20 (W / V)%. 6. The medium additive according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application is a substance selected from the group consisting of bone meal, fish meal, soybean meal, seabird phosphate rock, urea and mixtures thereof. 7. The medium additive as described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, blood meal and fish meal thereof, wherein the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate, and the sea bird 555729 Γ ---- ^^-89104191 eve > Che September ί W said amended_ VI. The scope of patent application " " " 7 " " " " The dosage range of phosphate rock is not greater than 〇 〇5 (W / V) ° / 〇. 8. The medium additive according to item 1 of the scope of the patent of Shenyang, wherein the potassium fertilizer is a substance selected from the group consisting of bone meal, fish meal, blood meal, soybean meal, carbonized rice husk, potassium nitrate and mixtures thereof. 9. The medium additive as described in item 8 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the blood powder dosage range is not greater than 0.1 (W / V)%. 2. The medium additive as described in item 8 of the patent scope of Shenyan, wherein the range of the bone meal is not more than 0.1% (w / γ)%. 11. The medium additive as described in item 1 of the patent scope of Shenqing, wherein the calcium fertilizer is a substance selected from the group consisting of quicklime, husk powder, bone powder, calcium superphosphate and mixtures thereof. 1 The medium additive according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the medium additive can be evenly mixed into a cultivation medium for use, and has the function of delaying or inhibiting Rhizoctonia solani ^^^ to ⑽ " ⑶ "AG 4" and the function of pythium aphanidermatum growth. 13. A kind of soil additive, which includes 〇2 (w / v)% fish meal, 〇35 ~ 〇65 (W / V )% Husk powder, 0.05 ~ 1 (W / V)% quicklime, and 75 ~ 100 (V / V)% bark compost, which can be evenly mixed in the soil for use. 14 · If a patent is applied for The soil additive as described in item 13 of the scope further includes not more than 25 (V / V)% carbonized rice husk. 15. The soil additive as described in item 13 of the scope of patent application, beans further include 0.1 ( W / V)% bone meal. ^ H 3 Page 22 -^^ 19104191 _ ^^ ---- ~ －Application scope of patents 〇 · As described in the application of the scope of patent application 13th soil additives, it further contains i: ^ 5 ~ 1 (W / V) w powder. [],]] The soil additive as described in item 3 of the scope of the application for a patent, which has the function of extending or inhibiting Rhizoctonia solani ag-4 and catarrhal bacteria in the medium. (Pythium aphanidermatum). Page 23