TW548387B - Solar water still and evaporation assembly therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar water still having a simple inflatable design for providing a renewable supply of distilled water to a person in a daily survival or emergency situation. The still includes an enclosure assembly and an evaporation assembly that float on a body of source water and that are readily collapsed and folded for storage or transport. The enclosure assembly includes a transparent conical dome covering a collection reservoir and an inner float ring. An evaporation assembly is placed in the center of the inner float ring. During operation, solar radiation induces water to evaporate from the evaporation assembly. The water vapor is then condensed and collected by the enclosure assembly.

Description

548387

V. Description of the invention (1) Field of the invention The present invention relates to a solar water vaporizer, and particularly relates to a portable solar water vaporizer that is easy to transport and store. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Some solar moon dagger water purifiers generally include a bulky structure, which makes it difficult to transport and store the steamer, or complicates the structure and increases manufacturing costs. And 'structural components are easy to reduce the reliability of the solar steamer and may not be able to operate due to minor damage. In addition, the existing solar steamer has made the unscrupulous, distilled water filling mechanism or other structures more complicated, and may The resulting distilled water is contaminated by undistilled water. Therefore, there is a need for an easy-to-transport and easy-to-storage solar water vaporizer with a simple and cost-effective design to provide a water source suitable for drinking. The present invention meets these needs and provides further related advantages. Introduction to Inventions. The invention provides a solar steamer with a simple and expandable design, which is used to provide a recoverable drinking water supply for the personnel, and the structure of the steamer of the present invention allows the steamer to be manufactured inexpensively, without trouble and reliability. It is easy to fold and fold for storage and transportation. The present invention is specifically implemented by a solar water vaporizer, which has a surrounding assembly and an evaporation assembly, the surrounding assembly has an inner floating obstacle surrounding one of the evaporation areas, and a collecting storage portion surrounding the inner floating obstacle to collect distilled water. And a dome that is transparent to solar radiation and surrounds the collection and storage portion, the inner floating obstacle, and the hairline area. The evaporation assembly is located in the evaporation area and has an evaporation surface. Water evaporated from the evaporation surface condenses on the inner surface of the dome and applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) at this paper size. (Please (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Order -------- Online 丨 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 548387

V. Description of the invention (2) Employees' cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, India 5 Farm steaming hall water flows into the collection and storage department. In another feature of the present invention, the "enclosing assembly floats on an undistilled water source body" and the evaporation assembly includes a buoyant insulator and a capillary material. The buoyant insulator floats on the water source and is generally flat with a top surface and a The bottom surface and the top surface are adiabatic to the bottom surface and form an evaporation surface. The capillary material extends from the top tomb surface to the bottom surface to send water to the evaporation surface. The solar radiation incident on the surface of the surface evaporates the water from the evaporation surface. Instead of evaporating water, a source of water is sent to the top surface by the capillary. In another embodiment of the present invention, the solar water vaporizer includes a collection and storage section, an obstacle, and a surrounding section. The collection and storage section collects distilled water, and the obstacle separates the collection and storage section from the evaporation area. An evaporation area, a first wall surface in contact with the non-distilled water source, and a second wall surface in contact with the distilled water in the collection and storage section. The obstacle extends above the evaporation area and the collection storage portion to prevent liquid from flowing between the evaporation area and the collection storage portion. The surrounding portion is transparent to too much radiation and surrounds the collection storage portion, the obstacle, and the evaporation area. The structure is such that a water source that evaporates from the evaporation area and condenses on the inner surface of the surrounding portion flows into the collection storage portion. Other features and advantages of the present invention should be learned from the following description of the preferred embodiments and reference is made to the drawings that illustrate the principles of the present invention by way of examples. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a sectional view of a conical solar steamer steamer according to the present invention; Figure 2 is the first! Figure 3 is a plan view of a solar water vaporizer, in which a floating evaporation assembly is still shown; FIG. 3 is a floating evaporation assembly having an extra capillary hole according to the present invention .---------------- ^ -------- ^ --------- Read (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page)

548387 A7

Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

A plan view of another embodiment; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a solar water vaporizer of an expandable evaporation assembly having a corrugated surface according to the present invention; FIG. 5 is a cone according to the present invention Sectional view of a shaped solar steamer, showing a large number of expansion rings, a solid or expandable support structure, and a buoyant evaporation assembly with a capillary-like material; Figure 6 shows a conical solar steamer according to the present invention. A sectional view of an embodiment of the device, which includes a basin to collect rainwater, a skin and heavy yards for use at sea or on rough water; Figure 7 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a conical solar water vaporizer according to the present invention, showing Two expandable tanks for on-shore solar steamer; Figure 8 is a view J of a conical solar steamer embodiment according to the present invention 'shown-integrated expandable branch m for extreme use Keep the steamer inflated during climatic conditions or on land; Figures 9A-9D are cross-sectional views of a conical solar steamer according to the present invention, showing an external rigid branch system for extreme weather Or a member during use of the land. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS According to the present invention, a surrounding assembly is provided, which has an inner floating obstacle surface surrounding _ Cai Fa = of it, surrounding the inner floating obstacle surface to collect steaming hall water ^ collection and storage portion, light shot to the sun It is generally transparent and surrounds the collection and storage part, a dome and a vaporization assembly located on the evaporation area and having a burst surface. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structure surrounding the assembly can float in _water. ^ -------- ^ ---------- ί (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page)

Size of this paper is X 297 mm) 548387 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

The 'evaporation assembly on the source body contains _buoyant insulation Zhao' whose structure can float on water sources'. The insulator is generally flat and has a top surface and a bottom surface: it is insulated from the bottom surface and forms an evaporation surface and contains a self-evaporating surface. The surface extends to send a source of water to a capillary material that evaporates the surface. According to the present invention, there is provided a solar water vaporizer, which further comprises-a collecting storage, separating the collecting storage part from-an evaporation area-an obstacle, wherein the obstacle has a water surface close to the wall of the button. And in contact with the distilled water in the collection and storage section-the second wall surface and the obstacle extends above the evaporation area and above the collection and storage section to prevent liquid from flowing between the Luofa area and the collection and storage section; The light shot to the sun is almost transparent and surrounds the collection and storage section, obstacle, and evaporation area. The structure of the surrounding section allows the water source system evaporated from the evaporation area and condensed on the inner surface of the surrounding section to flow into the collection and storage section. As shown in the figure, the present invention is implemented by a solar steamer i 0, which has a simple and expandable design to provide personnel with daily life or emergency conditions-the source of steam water can be restored. It is cheaper to manufacture and can be designed to float on a water source. Please refer to the second figure, the steamer 10 includes a surrounding assembly 12 and an evaporation assembly 14, which can be easily folded and folded for storage or transportation. During the operation period, the door's solar radiation causes water to evaporate from the evaporation assembly, and the generated water vapor condenses and is collected by the surrounding assembly. Surrounding assembly 12 includes an inner float tube or ring 16, a basin or collection storage 18, and a conical dome 20. The dome can be composed of a variety of flexible optically transparent materials, such as a flexible film of the following materials: transparent vinyl (study such as, gas

This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public love) 548387 A7 ____ B7 i. Description of invention (ethylene), polyurethane, polyester (such as polyethylene terephthalate), poly Amines, polysiloxanes, polyolefins (such as polyethylene), polycarbonates, and the like, as well as mixtures (such as polyethylene-nylon), laminates, and the like, which can be tapered Pass solar radiation through the dome and heat the capillary assembly 14. Here, the "dome" is defined as including a plurality of shapes, such as a tapered structure shown in Fig. 1 and is not limited to a hemispherical structure. The inner floating ring is a flexible toroidal ring with a flexible membrane and includes an expansion valve 22 to expand the ring and provide shape and structural strength to the bottom of the surrounding assembly. The collection and storage portion can be attached to A flexible membrane capsule between the inner floating ring and the tapered dome allows the storage portion to surround and attach to the outside of the inner floating ring. Therefore, the water system of the collection storage portion is separated from the water source by the floating ring and the flexible membrane. The flexible membrane of the storage tank is attached to the inner floating ring and the conical dome by any suitable means, such as using a radio frequency (RF) seal, sonic welding, a heat seal or the like to form a gas in the surrounding assembly. It is tightly sealed with watertightness. Therefore, when the neutron% is on a water source body, the air surrounding the assembly is trapped in the steamer 10 because the water source can prevent the air from leaving through the center of the inner floating ring, and the storage section can be stopped in the water pipe. On the surface of the line or extending below the water line of the water source, and printed on the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Distillation Economy (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). It can be used as a condenser for cooling. ^ The storage section may include a drain valve or capping mouth 24 having a cap or a hoop. And: 'have-one of the straws 25 of the removable cap 26 can be attached via the conical circle of the-seal above the water source water line-in a position inside the dome opposite to the straw 19 Extends into the storage section 18 and can be flexed and flexed to prevent puncture during operation and during storage and transport of the folded steamer

548387 A7

3-802 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

The evaporation assembly 14 has a flat plate type and can be attached to the inner collection and storage section i8. The outer Deng uses a suitable device such as a hook or a knot such as Velcok (not shown) to contact the water source. . The capillary assembly can be made of insulating materials such as & closed cell foam-buoyant insulator 35, and can pass through a hole 28. The good thermal insulation between the evaporation surface 30 and the bottom surface 32 of the buoyant insulator is particularly beneficial to increase evaporation The effectiveness of the assembly. As shown in Figure 3, the evaporation assembly 14 may include additional holes ^ to facilitate moisture from the water source to the top evaporation surface 30. The holes 28 and 36 may remain open or may be filled with a suitable transport medium, such as sponge materials, open cells Gas vinegar foam or other capillary material that exhibits capillary or wicking action to deliver water to a black capillary material such as child hair, fibrous blankets, cloths, or other evaporating surfaces with fine hair-like fiber analogs, such as evaporative surfaces Can be covered with a black carpet purchased from Bettering Company, Dutton, Georgia. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, an evaporation capillary assembly 14 can be formed by an expandable assembly made of a pull film. It also insulates the evaporation surface 30 from the water source floating with the evaporation assembly. The top surface 30 of the top 10 of the ten tangs of Jiaganshi K 丄, Table = Table: Features and constitutes a recessed portion 34 to hold a small amount of water source originally placed on the evaporation surface or capillary. As shown in Figure 5, the evaporation assembly 14 can be composed of a blanket 37 with wings to contact the water source. The wings allow the blanket to better heat the water source suction surface 30. The buoyant insulator may include a central hole μ, And the blanket can be ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) t. ·

n I I n _

Specifications of this paper: Yan Zhongguanjia specifications ⑽ X 297 mm 548387 Α7 Β7 0, printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (8 Distilled water. Distilled water can be directly sucked out of the collection and storage section 18 by a straw 25. In addition, By removing the evaporation assembly 14 from the steamer 10 and pouring the distilled water out of the valve or nozzle 24, the distilled water can be discharged into a container from the collection and storage section. When the distilled water is discharged from the steamer in this way, the surrounding assembly 12 is inclined The distilled water is collected on the head of the discharge valve, and then opened and the distilled water is discharged into the container from the collection and storage part. After the distilled water is removed, the steamer can be placed back on the water and left overnight, and production will start again the next morning, or surrounded The assembly can be refolded, and the evaporation assembly can be rolled around the assembly to form a smaller package for storage and movement. It has a dome 20 with a height of about 76 cm (30 inches) and a height of about 79 cm (3 1 Inch) One capillary assembly with a diameter of one of the steamer 10 is known to produce about 1.5-5 litres of distilled water per day, while floating on a fresh pool directly exposed to the sun depending on the weather. The inner float tube 16 has a diameter of about 15.3 cm (6 inches), and the collection and storage portion 18 has a semicircular radius of about 20 cm (8 inches). The evaporation assembly is made of 0.6 mm (23.6 mils) thick and transparent Made of an expandable device made of ethylene, the transparent urethane of the dome has a thickness of about 0.15 mm (6 mils), but the more economical (less durable) embodiment of the present invention can have a thickness of 3 mils or less Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the solar water vaporizer 10, and features other than those shown in Fig. 5 can be beneficial to increase the performance of the solar water vaporizer under more severe conditions. These additional features can be based on this The cost and demand for different applications of the invention are 'more unique or collectively included in the steamer. The surrounding assembly 12' may still include a rainwater receiving basin 50 to collect rain on a rainy day. The rainwater receiving basin is attached to One of the tapered JU top chest flexible materials or membranes ^ ---------- ^ --------- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

11 548387

The cylindrical ring forms a 'rainwater basin' that can be attached to the cone-shaped dome, making the basin slightly tilted so that rainwater accumulates on the side 52 of the basin, and the basin can also include a drain pipe 54 or straw to empty it. Basin. The surrounding assembly 12 ′ may further include a double-tube inner floating ring 16 to separate the distilled water in the collection tank 18 from the water source. The double-tube inner floating ring is composed of two expandable attachment tubes. In addition, the tube 16 There may also be non-circular shapes such as oval to provide this separation. The surrounding assembly 12 'may still include a skirt or wing 56 to improve the stability of the steamer 10 in severe or rough waters and the sealing of the surrounding portion. The skirt may be attached to the inner floating ring 16, or collect A flexible film or the like of the storage portion 18 constitutes a flexible wing portion. Also, the skirt portion may include a weight 58 while maintaining the cylindrical shape of the skirt portion 56 to prevent air from escaping from the dome 20 when the steamer floats on a large wave of water. According to the present invention, other modifications of the solar water vaporizer 10 can be generated. For example, the tube 54 can be attached via a small water collection cone to facilitate emptying of the basins "and 52, and the collection storage portion can include a The expansion ring keeps the collection and storage portion relative to the inner floating ring. Moreover, the dome may be a semi-spherical dome, which has a whole Fresnel lens punched in the dome, so that the incoming solar radiation is concentrated in the evaporation chamber. The formation results in local points that increase water evaporation. As shown in Figure 7, for land use, the solar water vaporizer 10 can be placed in an expandable shallow pool 64 or similar. Similarly, a small tube or expandable The shallow pond 64 'can be placed in the center of the inner floating ring 16 and an appropriately sized evaporation assembly can be placed in the tube. In addition, moisture-containing materials such as leaves, grass, or the like can be placed in the paper. The Chinese paper standard (CNS) ) A4 size (210 x 297 mm) Please read it first. Please fill in this and page

Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 12 548387 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the invention (10) Ocean Ring 16 Center is used for evaporation of the material's moisture content because the exterior of the dome lacks the cooling provided by the lake or sea surface evaporation , Which can reduce the efficiency of steamers used on land. Please refer to Figure 8 and Figures 9A-9D. An external support system can be provided to prevent the solar water vaporizer from failing under extreme weather conditions. The support system can include a majority (such as three) enclosed domes 20 (Figure 8 ) Of the expandable tube 65, each of which includes an expansion valve 66, in addition, a rigid rod 67 (FIGS. 9A-9D) made of a suitable rigid material such as fiberglass, plastic, bamboo or the like can be used as appropriate Devices such as a piece 68 arranged along the height of the dome or a mounting metal buttonhole 72 on the top of the dome are attached to the outside of the solar steamer. The end of the rigid column can be, for example, a wing 70 with a metal buttonhole 72 (No. 9D) Figure) Appropriate devices are attached to the lower part of the solar water vaporizer. These pieces can be in the form of a flexible membrane sealed to the dome (Figure 9B). A sheet reinforced by a metal buttonhole 72 is attached to the dome and It can then be fastened to a rigid post by a wire or the like (Figure 9c). Although the above has been described with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art understand that they are only illustrations and that these embodiments can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention , Its scope is limited by the application The patentable scope. ---------- I--fruit -------- sentence --------- binding (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Ministry of Economy Intellectual Property The paper size printed by the Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 ^^) 13 548387 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1，1 〇 ”: Solar water vaporizer 12, 12 ': Surrounding assembly 14: Capillary assembly 14, 14', 14”: Evaporation assembly 16. · Inner floating tube (ring) 16 ': Double tube inner floating ring 18: Basin (Collecting and storing part) 19: Tube 20: Conical dome 22, 66: Expansion valve 24: Drain valve (capped mouth) 25: Suction tube 26: Removable cap 28: Central hole ^ 30: Evaporation surface 3 0 ' : Flatter top surface 32: Bottom surface element number comparison 34: Recess 35 ... Buoyancy insulator 36: Extra hole 37: Blanket 3 8: Wing 5 0: Rain water basin 52: Basin 54: Drain pipe 56: Skirt ( Wing) 5 8: Heavy code 62: Inflatable support tube 64 '... Inflatable shallow pond 65: Inflatable tube 67: Rigid rod 68: Sheet 72: Installation of metal eyelets 2 1 8: Line (please read the note on the back first) (Please fill in this page again) National Standards (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) 14

Claims (1)

548387 Patent application scope No. 881 12083 Patent application patent scope amendment This revision date: December 1990 A solar water vaporizer, comprising: a surrounding assembly, which has an inner floating obstacle, which surrounds an evaporation area, a A collection and storage portion that surrounds the inner floating obstacle to collect distilled water, a dome that is substantially transparent to solar radiation and surrounds the collection and storage portion, the inner floating obstacle, and the evaporation area; and 1. an evaporation assembly, which It is located in an evaporation area and has an evaporation surface. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 2. If the solar steamer of item 1 of the patent application scope, where: the surrounding assembly is constructed to be floatable On a water source body; and the evaporation assembly includes: a buoyant insulator, which is configured to float on the water source, the insulation system is substantially flat and has a top surface and a bottom surface, the top surface Is thermally insulated from the bottom surface and forms the evaporation surface; a capillary material is extended from the top evaporation surface toward the bottom surface to send water to the evaporation Surface. 3. The solar water vaporizer according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the evaporation surface has a zigzag shape to form a plurality of recesses for collecting and accommodating a water source placed on the evaporation surface. 4. The solar water vaporizer according to item 2 of the patent application, wherein the evaporation surface is covered with a black carpet. 5. If the solar steamer of item 4 of the patent application scope, where the black carpet is a paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) 15- 548387 A8 B8 C8 6. Scope of patent application The department includes a drain pipe to remove distilled water from the collection and storage unit. 16. · The solar steamer of item 1 of the patent application, wherein the dome includes a resealable mouth located above a water pipeline—position = 17 · The solar steamer of item 丨 of the patent application scope The water device further comprises a suction pipe for sucking water out of the collecting and storing part. 18. The solar water vaporizer according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising a rainwater receiving basin formed by a ring made of flexible film, the ring extending around an outer surface of the conical dome to form a receiving basin. 19. The solar water vaporizer 'according to item 丨 of the patent application scope further comprises a skirt portion attached to the surrounding assembly for sea surface use, wherein the skirt portion is composed of a wing portion of a flexible membrane. 20. If the solar steamer of item 19 of the scope of patent application includes a weight code attached to the skirt to keep the skirt cylindrical, prevent the air from passing through the steamer when it floats on a large wave of water Escape in the dome. 21. The solar steamer according to item 丨 of the patent application scope, wherein the surrounding assembly is attached to the evaporation assembly by a hook and loop member. 22. The solar steamer according to item 丨 of the patent application scope, further comprising a support pillar ′ located at the center of the dome between a vertex of the dome and the surrounding assembly to maintain the shape of the dome. 23. · If the solar water vaporizer of item 丨 of the patent application scope still includes several expandable support members, these members are sealed on the dome between the collection and storage portion and a top of the dome to maintain the circle Top shape. 24. If the solar steamer of item 丨 of the scope of patent application, it still contains several 548387-VI. Patent application of the patented pole 'material pole' is left outside the dome, attached to the circle by a suitable device top. 25. The solar steamer as claimed in item 24 of the patent application scope, wherein the appropriate device includes a sheet and the installation of a metal buttonhole, which is sufficient to maintain the shape of the dome = 26 · —a type of solar steamer, including: a collection Storage section; ψ an obstacle that separates the collection storage section from an evaporation area, wherein the obstacle has a first wall = surface that contacts one of the water sources in the evaporation area, and contacts the steaming wealth in the collection storage section— The second wall surface, and the obstacle in * extends above the evaporation area and above the collection and storage portion to prevent liquid from flowing between the evaporation area and the collection and storage portion; an enclosing portion, which is substantially effective for solar radiation Transparent and surrounds the collection and storage portion, the obstacle and the evaporation area, wherein the surrounding portion is configured so that the water source system that evaporates from the evaporation area and condenses on an inner surface of the surrounding portion flows into the collection and storage portion Ministry. 27 · —An evaporation assembly for a solar water vaporizer, which includes ... a buoyant insulator, which is structured to float on one of the water sources, and the insulation system is substantially flat and has an evaporation top surface And a bottom surface, the evaporation top surface of which is thermally insulated from the bottom surface; a capillary material that extends from the evaporation top surface toward the bottom surface to send water to the evaporation top surface.