CN110240214B - Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method - Google Patents
Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110240214B CN110240214B CN201910105041.XA CN201910105041A CN110240214B CN 110240214 B CN110240214 B CN 110240214B CN 201910105041 A CN201910105041 A CN 201910105041A CN 110240214 B CN110240214 B CN 110240214B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- solar heat
- water
- heat collection
- collection cover
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 210
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 220
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004089 microcirculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002984 plastic foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar seawater desalination device and a seawater desalination method. Specifically, the invention provides a sea water desalting device, which comprises: a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover, wherein a fresh water collection groove is formed in the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, an evaporation plane is defined by the fresh water collection groove at the bottom of the solar heat collection cover, a fresh water outlet is formed in the fresh water collection groove, the fresh water outlet is connected with a fresh water storage unit, the length of a b axis of the solar heat collection cover is larger than that of an a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane; and a cooling unit disposed outside the solar heat collecting cover and configured to cool an outer surface of the solar heat collecting cover. Therefore, the sea water desalting device can be directly placed on the water surface (such as the sea surface) for use, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient use, high solar energy utilization rate and high sea water desalting efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a solar seawater desalination device and a seawater desalination method.
Background
Water is the origin of life, and human life is not enough to be boiled. However, in the world today, humans are faced with severe shortage of fresh water resources. The total amount of fresh water can be increased by sea water desalination, and water resources can be better utilized. There are various methods for desalinating sea water, i.e. producing fresh water by using sea water desalination, such as conventional freezing method, distillation method, reverse osmosis method, adsorption method, etc. The method has the defects of high energy consumption, low efficiency, large and complex equipment, high cost, large amount of pollutants and the like. Solar desalination is an emerging technology with great development potential, and the method can obtain fresh water from seawater by evaporation through photo-thermal conversion by utilizing solar energy resources, and can reduce the energy consumption and cost of seawater desalination to a certain extent by utilizing free and inexhaustible solar energy resources.
However, there is still a need for improvement in a seawater desalination plant and a seawater desalination method using solar energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
The inventor finds that the existing sea water desalting device utilizing solar energy also has the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing and running cost, low solar energy utilization rate and the like. For example, the current sea water desalination device utilizing solar energy has a complex configuration design, and cannot efficiently utilize absorbed solar energy, for example, a large amount of heat energy dissipation loss exists, and the heat energy ratio actually used for sea water evaporation is small, so that the further development of the sea water desalination device is limited. Therefore, if a new sea water desalting device can be provided, the structure is simple, the preparation is easy, the solar energy utilization rate is high, the cost is low, the popularization of sea water desalting technology can be promoted to a great extent, and the problems can be solved to a great extent.
In one aspect of the invention, a seawater desalination plant is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device comprises: a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover, wherein a fresh water collection groove is formed in the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, an evaporation plane is defined by the fresh water collection groove at the bottom of the solar heat collection cover, a fresh water outlet is formed in the fresh water collection groove, the fresh water outlet is connected with a fresh water storage unit, the length of a b axis of the solar heat collection cover is larger than that of an a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane; and a cooling unit disposed outside the solar heat collecting cover and configured to cool an outer surface of the solar heat collecting cover. Therefore, the sea water desalting device can be directly placed on the water surface (such as sea surface) for use, the structure is simple, the cost is low, the use is convenient, the cooling unit can promote the condensation of the water vapor in the solar heat collecting cover on the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover, the solar heat collecting cover with the shape is favorable for the full condensation of the water vapor along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover, the solar energy utilization rate of the device is high, and the sea water desalting efficiency is high.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length ratio of the b-axis to the a-axis of the solar heat collecting cover is (6:5) to (2:1). Therefore, when the length ratio of the b axis to the a axis of the solar heat collection cover is in the range, the sufficient condensation of water vapor along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover can be better promoted, and the sea water desalination efficiency of the sea water desalination device is further improved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover is provided with a light absorption coating. Therefore, the light-absorbing coating can absorb heat energy in solar energy better, and the utilization rate of the solar energy is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the light absorbing coating comprises at least one of a unidirectional light transmitting material and an infrared reflecting material. Therefore, the unidirectional light-transmitting material can enable light to be emitted into the solar heat collection cover from the outside, but the light cannot be transmitted out of the solar heat collection cover, so that the loss of solar energy emitted into the solar heat collection cover can be reduced; the infrared reflection material can limit infrared light in sunlight entering the heat collection cover to the inside of the heat collection cover, so that heat in the infrared light can be better utilized, and therefore, the heat energy ratio for evaporating seawater can be improved by the light absorption coating, and the utilization rate of solar energy is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the solar heat collecting cover includes at least one of polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and its derivatives, glass. Therefore, the solar heat collection cover has a good heat collection effect, can reduce heat loss, and can further improve the solar energy utilization rate of the solar heat collection cover.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the fresh water collecting tank is integrally formed with the solar heat collecting cover, and the fresh water collecting tank is annular. Therefore, the structure and the preparation process of the solar heat collection cover are further simplified, and the annular fresh water collection tank can well collect the fresh water condensed from the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, so that the service performance of the sea water desalting device is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cooling unit includes: the spray header is arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover; and a water pump for pumping seawater of a certain depth and supplying the seawater to the shower head. Therefore, when the sea water desalting device is directly placed on the sea surface for use, the water suction pump can suck sea water with a certain depth and lower temperature, and supply the sea water to the spray header, and the outer surface of the solar heat collecting cover is cooled, so that the cooling unit can cool the solar heat collecting cover by utilizing the existing sea water with lower temperature, the structure of the sea water desalting device is further simplified, and the sea water desalting cost is saved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises: and a heating unit configured to heat the evaporation plane. Therefore, the heating unit can heat water at the position corresponding to the evaporation plane, so that the evaporation of the seawater is further promoted, and the seawater desalination efficiency is improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the heating unit comprises: a solar heating plate configured to heat water in a water tank, the water tank having a water tank water inlet and a water tank water outlet; and a heating tube configured to heat the evaporation plane, the heating tube having a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet, the hot water inlet being connected to the water tank outlet, the cold water outlet being connected to the water tank inlet. Therefore, the water in the water tank can be heated by utilizing solar energy, the heated hot water can be supplied into the heating pipe to heat water at the water-air interface (such as sea surface at the evaporation plane), the evaporation of the water at the water-air interface at the evaporation plane is promoted, and the water in the heating pipe can be supplied to the water return tank for cyclic heating after being cooled by water, so that the energy can be further saved, and the sea water desalination cost can be reduced.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the heating tube is spiral, and the outer surface of the heating tube is black in color. Therefore, the spiral heating pipe can heat water at the evaporation plane better, and the heating efficiency can be further improved due to the fact that the outer surface of the spiral heating pipe is black.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises: the support frames are used for supporting the solar heat collection cover and can be opened and closed. Therefore, the support frame can better support the solar heat collection cover, maintain the shape of the solar heat collection cover, and the plurality of support frames can drive the solar heat collection cover to be folded, so that the use of the sea water desalting device is further facilitated.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises: and the stabilizing anchor is connected with at least one of the top of the solar heat collection cover and the bottom of the fresh water collection tank. Therefore, the stable anchor can fix the solar heat collection cover at a certain position on the water surface, prevent the solar heat collection cover from being blown over by wind and waves and the like, improve the structural stability of the solar heat collection cover and further improve the service performance of the sea water desalting device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises: the stabilizing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover through the fixing plate, is perpendicular to the evaporation plane and has a part which can extend into the water body below the evaporation plane. Therefore, the solar heat collection cover can be well fixed on the water surface by utilizing the stabilizing plate and the fixing plate, the solar heat collection cover is prevented from being blown over by wind waves and the like, the structure and the use stability of the solar heat collection cover are improved, and the service performance of the sea water desalination device is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises: the wave-resistant plate is arranged in the solar heat collection cover and can float on the water surface, and comprises a plurality of wave-resistant sub-plates which are connected with each other and are arranged at intervals, and the wave-resistant sub-plates are perpendicular to the evaporation plane. Therefore, the wave-resistant sub-plates can counteract the water wave in the solar heat collection cover, prevent the solar heat collection cover from being overturned by wind waves (especially the wind waves entering the solar heat collection cover), further improve the stability of the solar heat collection cover and further improve the service performance of the sea water desalination device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the stabilizer plate includes at least one of plastic, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. Therefore, the material has lighter weight and better corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the sea water desalting device is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the wave-resistant sheet includes at least one of plastic, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. Therefore, the material has lighter weight and better corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the sea water desalting device is further improved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the height of the wave resistant board is 5cm-50cm. Therefore, when the height of the wave-resistant board is in the range, the wave-resistant board has a good effect of counteracting wind waves, and the service performance of the sea water desalination device is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises: and the fan is arranged above the evaporation plane so as to form air flow circulation by utilizing air in the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, after the fan forms airflow circulation in the solar heat collection cover, the movement of water vapor to the top of the solar heat collection cover can be quickened, and the water vapor is condensed along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, so that the evaporation and condensation of the water vapor are quickened, and the sea water desalination efficiency is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises: the solar heat collection cover comprises 4 fans, wherein the 4 fans are symmetrically arranged with each other and are arranged around the center of the evaporation plane inside the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, the 4 fans can form water-gas microcirculation in the solar heat collection cover, so that water vapor can move to the top of the solar heat collection cover, and can be condensed along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the sea water desalination efficiency is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the blower may be secured to the central rod of the stabilizing anchor. Thus, the fan can be easily fixed.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of desalinating sea water using a sea water desalinating apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: placing a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover on a water surface, wherein the b-axis of the solar heat collection cover is perpendicular to the water surface; heating water at the position corresponding to the evaporation plane of the solar heat collection cover by utilizing heat collected by the solar heat collection cover, and evaporating the water; cooling the outer surface of the solar heat collection cover by using a cooling unit; the evaporated vapor is condensed along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the condensed fresh water flows into the fresh water collection tank arranged at the bottom. Therefore, the method can be used for simply and conveniently desalting the sea water, and has high solar energy utilization rate and high sea water desalting efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises a heating unit, the method further comprises heating water in the water tank by a solar heating plate, and the heated hot water is supplied from a water tank water outlet to a hot water inlet of a heating pipe arranged below the evaporation plane; after the hot water in the heating pipe is cooled, the hot water is supplied back to the water tank water inlet of the water tank through the cold water outlet of the heating pipe. Therefore, the heating unit can further heat the seawater at the water-air interface corresponding to the evaporation plane, further promote the evaporation of the seawater and improve the seawater desalination efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: the suction pump sucks seawater of a certain depth and supplies the seawater to a shower head provided at the top of the solar heat collecting cover. Therefore, the cooling unit can cool the solar heat collection cover by utilizing the existing seawater with lower temperature, so that the condensation of the water vapor in the solar heat collection cover on the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover can be promoted, the seawater desalination efficiency is further improved, the structure of the seawater desalination device is further simplified, and the seawater desalination cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic construction of a sea water desalination device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a conventional ellipsoid;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a partial construction of a sea water desalination device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic structure of a seawater desalination plant according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a partial construction of a sea water desalination device according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a partial construction of a sea water desalination device according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a partial construction of a sea water desalination device according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a partial construction of a sea water desalination device according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a partial construction of a sea water desalination device according to yet another embodiment of the invention; and
Fig. 10 shows a graph of sea water desalination efficiency test results for a sea water desalination device according to some embodiments of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1000: a sea water desalination device; 100: a solar heat collection cover; 110: an evaporation plane; 120: a fresh water collecting tank; 130: a fresh water outlet; 140: an inner wall; 200: a fresh water storage unit; 300: a heating unit; 310: a solar heating plate; 320: a water tank; 330: heating pipes; 400: a cooling unit; 410: a spray header; 420: a water pump; 510: a stabilization anchor; 520: positioning ropes; 610: a stabilizing plate; 620: a fixing plate; 700: a wave-resistant plate; 710: wave resistant sub-board; 720: a connecting rope; 600: a support frame; 2000: an ellipsoid.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, a seawater desalination plant is provided. Referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the seawater desalination apparatus 1000 includes: the solar heat collecting cover 100, the fresh water storage unit 200 and the cooling unit 400 are semi-ellipsoidal, wherein the bottom of the inner wall 140 of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is provided with a fresh water collecting tank 120 (refer to the "top" and "bottom" directions shown in the drawing), the fresh water collecting tank 120 defines an evaporation plane 110 at the bottom of the solar heat collecting cover 100 (refer to the "bottom" directions shown in the drawing), the fresh water collecting tank 120 is provided with a fresh water outlet 130, the fresh water outlet 130 is connected with the fresh water storage unit 200, and the b-axis of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is longer than the a-axis and the b-axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110. Thus, the sea water desalination device 1000 can be directly placed on a water surface (e.g., sea surface), wherein the bottom of the solar heat collection cover 100 is in contact with the water surface, the solar heat collection cover 100 can better collect solar energy and heat water at the corresponding position of the evaporation plane 110 by using heat energy in the solar energy, the cooling unit 400 can promote condensation of water vapor in the solar heat collection cover 100, the solar heat collection cover 100 with the shape is beneficial for the water vapor to be fully condensed along the arc-shaped inner wall 140 of the solar heat collection cover 100, the fresh water collection tank 120 can simply collect condensed fresh water (referring to fig. 1, the water vapor can be condensed along the direction of m 1、m2 in the figure and flows into the fresh water collection tank 120 at the bottom). Therefore, the seawater desalination device 1000 has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient use, high solar energy utilization rate and high seawater desalination efficiency.
It should be noted that, referring to the ellipsoidal structure shown in fig. 2, the ellipsoid 2000 includes equatorial radii a and a ' (along the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively), and a polar radius b (along the z-axis), wherein the planes of the equatorial radii a and a ' are equatorial planes, b > a, and b > a ', i.e., the ellipsoid is a long sphere. The "semi-ellipsoidal shape" according to the embodiment of the present application refers to a pattern obtained by cutting the ellipsoid 2000 along an equatorial plane or a plane parallel to the equatorial plane, wherein the "b-axis, a-axis, and a 'axis of the solar heat collecting cover" according to the embodiment of the present application is the polar radius b and equatorial radii a and a' of the ellipsoid 2000, and the evaporation plane according to the embodiment of the present application is a plane parallel to the equatorial plane of the ellipsoid 2000. The solar heat collecting cover 100 of the semi-ellipsoidal shape according to the embodiment of the application is a graph formed by cutting the ellipsoid 2000 along the equatorial plane, and the solar heat collecting cover 100 shown in fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover along the passing vertex B and the straight line AA'. In addition, for the sake of understanding, in all the drawings of the present application, the solar heat collecting cover 100 adopts the schematic cross-sectional structure instead of the entire solar heat collecting cover.
For easy understanding, the principle that the seawater desalination plant according to the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the above-described beneficial effects will be briefly described below:
As described above, the present sea water desalination apparatus using solar energy has a complicated configuration design, and cannot efficiently use absorbed solar energy, and thus has high manufacturing and operation costs. According to the seawater desalination device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover is designed, the solar heat collection cover can be directly placed on the water surface (such as the sea surface), solar energy is collected by the solar heat collection cover, heat energy in the solar energy is utilized to heat water at the position corresponding to the evaporation plane so as to promote evaporation of the water, and the cooling unit is utilized to promote condensation of water vapor in the solar heat collection cover, and the length of the b axis of the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover is longer than that of the a axis, so that the water vapor is favorably fully condensed along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and condensed fresh water can flow into the fresh water collection groove arranged at the bottom edge of the solar heat collection cover so as to prevent condensed fresh water from dripping to the sea surface on the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover before flowing into the fresh water collection groove. Moreover, the inventor finds through a large number of experiments that when the b axis of the solar heat collection cover is smaller than or equal to the a axis, the temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the solar heat collection cover is smaller, so that the condensation of water vapor is not facilitated, the heat loss is larger, and the solar energy utilization rate is low; moreover, after the condensed water drops are attached to the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, the gradient of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover is too small (the gradient of the inner wall is the inclination degree of the inner wall relative to the water surface), so that the water drops are not beneficial to flowing into the fresh water collection tank at the bottom along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the water drops directly drop back to the raw water body after partial desalination, thereby reducing the sea water desalination efficiency. Therefore, according to the solar heat collection cover provided by the embodiment of the invention, the b axis is larger than the a axis, so that the vapor can be fully condensed along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the condensed fresh water can well flow into the fresh water collection tank arranged at the bottom edge of the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, the solar heat collection cover provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use and lower cost, can better promote water evaporation and condensation at an evaporation plane, and can improve the solar energy utilization rate and the sea water desalination efficiency.
The specific size and shape of the solar heat collecting cover 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as it is semi-ellipsoidal and its b-axis is greater than the a-axis and greater than the a' -axis. As described above, the "semi-ellipsoidal shape" is not limited to one half of an ellipsoid, but may be one third of an ellipsoid, as long as the "semi-ellipsoidal shape" is obtained by cutting along the equatorial plane of the ellipsoid or a plane parallel to the equatorial plane. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the bottom surface (referring to the "bottom" direction shown in the drawing) of the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover 100 may be circular or elliptical, and when the bottom surface is circular, i.e., the equatorial radii a and a' are equal in size and both are smaller than the polar radius b; when the bottom surface is elliptical, i.e., the equatorial radii a and a' are not equal in size, but are both smaller than the polar radius b.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length ratio of the polar radius b and the equatorial radius (a or a') of the solar heat collecting cover 100 (i.e., the length ratio of the b-axis and the a-axis of the solar heat collecting cover) may be (6:5) to (2:1), specifically, may be 5:4, which may be 4:3, which may be 3:2, etc. Thus, when the length ratio of the b-axis and the a-axis of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is within the range, water vapor can be rapidly condensed in a large amount at the top of the solar heat collecting cover, and the condensed fresh water can flow into the fresh water collecting tank at the bottom along the inner wall, further improving the seawater desalination efficiency of the seawater desalination apparatus 1000. As described above, when the b-axis of the solar heat collecting cover is less than or equal to the a-axis, evaporation and condensation of water are not facilitated, and condensed water flows to the fresh water collecting tank at the bottom, the solar energy utilization rate is low, and the sea water desalination efficiency is low. Specifically, when the ratio of the b axis to the a axis of the solar heat collection cover is too large, for example, greater than 2 to 1, the solar heat collection cover is greatly influenced by sea waves, wind load and the like when in outdoor use, so that the stability of the solar heat collection cover is poor, and the practical use effect is poor. Therefore, the lengths of the b axis and the a axis of the solar heat collection cover are longer than the lengths in the range, so that a large amount of water vapor is condensed at the top of the solar heat collection cover, condensed fresh water can well flow into the fresh water collection tank at the bottom along the inner wall, the solar heat collection cover has good stability under wave and wind load conditions, and the sea water desalination device is directly used on the outdoor sea surface.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover is provided with the fresh water collecting tank, and the specific shape and arrangement mode of the fresh water collecting tank are not particularly limited as long as the fresh water flowing to the bottom along the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover can be collected. In particular, the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be annular, i.e., the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be an annular groove surrounding the periphery of the bottom edge of the inner wall of the solar heat collecting housing 100. Thus, the annular fresh water collecting tank 120 can collect the fresh water condensed from the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100, thereby further improving the service performance of the sea water desalination device 1000.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the fresh water collecting tank 120 and the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be integrally formed, i.e., the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be formed by bending the edge of the bottom of the solar heat collecting cover 100 inward, thereby simply forming the fresh water collecting tank, and further simplifying the structure and preparation process of the seawater desalination apparatus. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be rounded, whereby the rounded bottom is advantageous for the solar heat collecting cover 100 to float on the water surface, and can prevent the solar heat collecting cover 100 from being turned upside down, etc., improving the use stability of the solar heat collecting cover; specifically, the sidewall of the fresh water collecting tank 120 (refer to EF shown in fig. 1) may be linear, and thus, the linear sidewall has an effect of resisting wind and waves, and can prevent seawater at the evaporation plane from splashing into the fresh water collecting tank, thereby further improving the service performance of the seawater desalination device. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the fresh water collecting tank 120 defines the evaporation plane 110 at the bottom of the solar heat collecting housing 100, and the evaporation plane 110 may be circular when the fresh water collecting tank 120 is an annular groove.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the b-axis length of the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be 5 meters, the bottom surface of the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be circular, and the diameter 2a of the circular bottom surface may be 8 meters. The width D of the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be 1 meter, and the diameter L of the evaporation plane 110 may be 6 meters, so that the size of the fresh water collecting tank 120 is relatively matched with the size of the evaporation plane 110, and after the solar heat collecting hood 100 heats and evaporates the water at the evaporation plane 110, the water vapor can better flow into the fresh water collecting tank 120 after condensing along the inner wall of the solar heat collecting hood 100. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the sidewall EF of the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be long, i.e., the bottom edge of the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be bent upward to be long, thereby preventing the capacity of the fresh water collecting tank 120 from being too small and the fresh water from overflowing from the edge EF. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the seawater desalination apparatus 1000 may further comprise a fresh water collecting pump (not shown) disposed between the fresh water outlet 130 and the fresh water storage unit 200, and sucking the fresh water in the fresh water collecting tank 120 into the fresh water storage unit 200.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the solar heat collecting cover 100 is not particularly limited, and may include an infrared reflective material, for example, at least one of polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and its derivatives, and glass, in particular. The infrared reflection type material can limit infrared light in sunlight entering the solar heat collection cover to the inside of the solar heat collection cover, so that heat in the infrared light can be better utilized. Therefore, the solar heat collection cover has a good heat collection effect, can well collect incident sunlight, utilizes heat energy contained in solar energy to heat water at an evaporation plane, and can reduce heat loss and further improve the solar energy utilization rate of the solar heat collection cover. In addition, the materials are cheap and easy to obtain and are light, so that the seawater desalination device is convenient to use and the cost of seawater desalination can be further reduced.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the inner wall 140 of the solar heat collection cover 100 can be provided with the light absorption coating, and the light absorption coating can absorb solar energy well, so that the solar heat collection cover 100 can make good use of heat energy in solar energy to desalinate sea water, and the utilization rate of solar energy is further improved. According to an embodiment of the invention, the light absorbing coating comprises at least one of a unidirectionally light transmissive material and an infrared reflecting material. It should be noted that, the solar heat collecting cover 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be formed of a material having unidirectional light transmission property or infrared reflection property, and as described above, the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be formed of a material having infrared reflection property such as polyethylene, polycarbonate, or the like, and thus, in this case, the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100 does not need to be further provided with a light absorbing coating, or when the solar heat collecting cover 100 is formed of a unidirectional light transmission material, the light absorbing coating may be formed of an infrared reflection material; when solar thermal-collecting cover 100 is formed of an infrared reflective material, the light-absorbing coating may be formed of a unidirectional light-transmitting material. Therefore, the unidirectional light-transmitting material can enable light to be emitted into the solar heat collection cover from the outside, but the light cannot be transmitted out of the solar heat collection cover, so that the light-absorbing coating formed by the unidirectional light-transmitting material can reduce the loss of solar energy emitted into the solar heat collection cover and improve the utilization rate of the solar energy; specifically, the infrared reflecting material can well limit infrared light in sunlight entering the heat collecting cover to the inside of the heat collecting cover, so that heat in the infrared light can be better utilized, and therefore, the heat energy ratio for evaporating seawater can be improved by the light absorbing coating, and the utilization rate of solar energy is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a cooling unit 400 is provided at the outside of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and may cool the outer surface of the solar heat collecting cover 100. Thus, the cooling unit 400 can promote the condensation of the water vapor in the solar heat collecting cover 100 at the inner wall 140 of the solar heat collecting cover 100, further improving the efficiency of sea water desalination.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the cooling unit 400 may include a shower head 410 and a water suction pump 420, the shower head 410 being disposed at the top of the solar heat collecting housing 110, the water suction pump 420 being for sucking seawater of a certain depth and supplying the seawater to the shower head 410. Thus, when the seawater desalination plant 1000 is placed directly on the sea surface for use, the water pump 420 may pump a depth of lower temperature seawater and supply it to the shower header 410 (the direction of seawater supply is referred to as the direction g 1、g2 in fig. 3), and the lower temperature seawater cools the outer surface of the solar heat collection cover 100 (the lower temperature seawater may flow in the directions n 1 and n 2 shown in fig. 3). Because the seawater has a larger specific heat capacity, the temperature of the seawater at a certain depth is lower, and the seawater can be used for cooling the solar heat collecting cover 100, and the water pump 420 can meet the cooling requirement by pumping the seawater at a shallower position, so that the water pump does not need to consume excessive energy. Therefore, the cooling unit can cool the solar heat collection cover 100 by using the existing seawater with low temperature, so that the structure of the seawater desalination device 1000 is further simplified, the seawater desalination cost is saved, the effect of condensing water vapor can be improved, and the seawater desalination efficiency is further improved.
Referring to fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the seawater desalination apparatus 1000 may further include: the plurality of support frames 600 for supporting the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be opened and closed. Specifically, a plurality of support frames 600 may be provided on the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100; specifically, when the solar heat collecting cover formed of polycarbonate, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, or the like is flexible, the support frames 600 can better support and fix the solar heat collecting cover 100, maintain the semi-ellipsoidal shape of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and the plurality of support frames 600 can drive the solar heat collecting cover 100 to be folded, thereby further facilitating transportation and use of the seawater desalination apparatus, etc. In particular, the plurality of support frames 600 may be in an umbrella frame structure, thereby further facilitating the folding and use of the solar heat collecting cover 100. In particular, the plurality of support brackets 600 may be formed of a rigid material, such as stainless steel tubing. In particular, the plurality of support frames 600 may be uniformly distributed inside the solar heat collecting cover 100, and thus, the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be better supported.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the sea water desalination device further comprises a heating unit 300, and the heating unit 300 may heat the evaporation plane 110. Specifically, the straight line pq shown in fig. 5 is a water surface (e.g., sea surface), the solar heat collecting cover 100 is placed above the water surface, and the fresh water collecting tank 120 defines the evaporation plane 110 at the bottom of the solar heat collecting cover 100, as described above, when the solar heat collecting cover 100 is placed on the water surface, the solar heat collecting cover 100 defines an evaporation area (i.e., a water surface area corresponding to the evaporation plane 110) on the water surface, and the heating unit 300 may heat the evaporation plane 110, i.e., the heating unit 300 may heat the water corresponding to the evaporation plane 110. Therefore, the heat energy collected by the solar heat collecting cover 100 can better promote the evaporation of water at the interface of the evaporation area (i.e. the position corresponding to the evaporation plane), so as to avoid heating large-area water body and improve the heating efficiency. In addition, the heating unit 300 may be disposed at a distance below the water surface, so that the heating unit 300 may heat water at the water-vapor interface of the water surface area (i.e., evaporation area) corresponding to the evaporation area 110, further promoting evaporation of seawater at the water-vapor interface, and improving the efficiency of seawater desalination. The specific type of the heating unit 300 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, the heating unit 300 may be an electric heating pipe, a hot water pipe, or the like.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the heating unit 300 may include: the solar heating plate 310, the water tank 320 and the heating pipe 330, wherein the heating pipe 330 can heat the evaporation plane 110, specifically, the heating pipe 330 can be arranged below the water surface at the corresponding position of the evaporation plane 110, the solar heating plate 310 can heat the water in the water tank 320, the water tank 320 is provided with a water tank water outlet 10 and a water tank water inlet 20, the heating pipe 330 is provided with a hot water inlet 30 and a cold water outlet 40, the hot water inlet 30 is connected with the water tank water outlet 10, and the cold water outlet 40 is connected with the water tank water inlet 20. Therefore, the solar heating plate 310 can heat the water in the water tank 320, the heated hot water can be supplied into the heating pipe 330 through the water tank water outlet 10 along the directions indicated by arrows f1 and f2 in the figure, the hot water can heat the water corresponding to the evaporation plane 110 to promote the evaporation of the water corresponding to the evaporation plane 110, and the cooled water in the heating pipe 330 can also be supplied back to the water tank 320 through the cold water outlet 40 for cyclic heating (refer to the directions indicated by arrows e 1 and e 2 in the figure), so that the solar heating plate 310 can provide the heating pipe 330 with hot water by using free solar energy, and the water in the water tank 320 can also directly use the existing seawater, thereby further saving energy and reducing the seawater desalination cost. According to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the hot water in the water tank and the heating pipe can be controlled and regulated so as to heat the seawater better and promote the evaporation of the seawater, and particularly, the temperature of the seawater at the heated evaporation plane can be less than 60 ℃. The specific type of the heating pipe 330 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, the heating pipe 330 may be spiral, and thus, the spiral heating pipe 330 has a good heat transfer effect and can heat water at the evaporation plane 110 well. Specifically, the outer surface of the heating tube 330 is black in color. Therefore, the heating tube 330 with the black outer surface can reduce heat loss, so that hot water in the heating tube 330 can be heated for a longer time, and the solar energy utilization rate is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, the sea water desalination device may further stabilize the anchors 510, the stabilizing anchors 510 for fixing the solar heat collection cover 100 at a specific position on the water surface. Specifically, the stabilizing anchors 510 may be connected to the top of the solar heat collection cover 100 by the positioning strings 520 (referring to fig. 7, the stabilizing anchors 510 extend from the top B of the solar heat collection cover 100 to below the water surface pq by the positioning strings 520); the stabilizing anchors 510 may also be connected to the bottom of the fresh water collection trough 120 (not shown). Therefore, the stable anchor 510 can fix the solar heat collecting cover 100 at a certain position on the water surface, prevent the solar heat collecting cover 100 from being blown over by wind and waves, etc., improve the structure and the use stability of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and further improve the use performance of the sea water desalination device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, the seawater desalination apparatus may further comprise a stabilizing plate 610 and a fixing plate 620, wherein the stabilizing plate 610 is fixed to the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100 by the fixing plate 620, and the stabilizing plate 610 is perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110 and has a portion extendable into the water body below the evaporation plane 110 (i.e., the horizontal plane pq). Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the stabilizing plate 610 may extend from the inside of the solar heat collecting cover 100 to below the water surface pq along the direction perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110 (i.e., perpendicular to the water surface pq), the fixing plate 620 may be fixed between the opposite sidewalls of the fresh water collecting tank 120, and the stabilizing plate 610 may be vertically crossed and fixed with the fixing plate 620, thereby simply and conveniently realizing the fixed connection of the stabilizing plate 610 and the solar heat collecting cover 100, the stabilizing plate 610 may not only better fix the solar heat collecting cover 100 on the water surface, but also have the function of resisting wind waves, prevent the solar heat collecting cover 100 from being turned over by the wind waves, etc., and improve the structure and the use stability of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and further improve the use performance of the seawater desalination device.
The material forming the stabilizing plate 610 is not particularly limited according to an embodiment of the present invention, and may include, in particular, at least one of plastic, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. Therefore, the material has lighter weight and better corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the sea water desalting device is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, the sea water desalination apparatus further comprises a wave-resistant plate 700, the wave-resistant plate 700 being disposed inside the solar heat collecting cover 100, the wave-resistant plate 700 comprising a plurality of wave-resistant sub-plates 710 connected to each other and disposed at intervals, the plurality of wave-resistant sub-plates 710 being disposed perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110 (i.e., perpendicular to the water surface pq) and floatable on the water surface. Specifically, as shown with reference to fig. 9, the plurality of wave-resistant plates 710 are connected by connecting ropes 720, and the plurality of wave-resistant plates 720 are perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110 (i.e., perpendicular to the water surface pq) and extend below the water surface pq. Therefore, the plurality of wave-resistant sub-plates 710 can counteract the water wave inside the solar heat collection cover 100, prevent the solar heat collection cover 100 from being overturned by the wind wave (especially the wind wave entering the inside of the solar heat collection cover 100), further improve the stability of the solar heat collection cover 100 and further improve the service performance of the sea water desalination device. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the wave resistant board 710 may be 5cm to 50cm, specifically, preferably 10 to 30cm, may be 15cm, may be 20cm, may be 25cm, etc. Therefore, the height of the wave-resistant sub-plate 710 has a better effect of counteracting wind waves in the above range, further improving the use stability of the solar heat collecting cover 100 and further improving the use performance of the sea water desalination device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the wave-resistant plate 710 is not particularly limited, and may include at least one of plastic, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy, for example, may include plastic foam, and the wave-resistant plate formed of the material may be preferably floated on the water surface. Therefore, the material has lighter weight and better corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the sea water desalting device is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device may further comprise a fan disposed above the evaporation plane to form an air flow circulation using air inside the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, after the fan forms airflow circulation in the solar heat collection cover, the movement of water vapor to the top of the solar heat collection cover can be quickened, and the water vapor is condensed along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, so that the evaporation and condensation of the water vapor are quickened, and the sea water desalination efficiency is further improved.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the fan is not particularly limited as long as the water-air circulation can be formed inside the solar heat collecting cover, and for example, may be an axial flow fan, a fan, or the like. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the number of fans is not particularly limited, and may include at least 1 fan, 2,3, 4, or the like, for example. Specifically, when the seawater desalination device comprises 4 fans, the 4 fans can be symmetrically arranged with each other and are arranged around the center of the evaporation plane inside the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, the 4 axial flow fans can form water-gas microcirculation in the solar heat collection cover, so that the movement of water vapor to the top of the solar heat collection cover is quickened, the water vapor is condensed along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, the evaporation and the condensation of the water vapor are quickened, and the sea water desalination efficiency is further improved. Specifically, after the fan is added into the seawater desalination device, the seawater desalination efficiency can be obviously improved, for example, the seawater desalination efficiency can be improved by about 10 percent. According to the embodiment of the invention, the front stabilizing anchor can be connected with the solar heat collecting cover through the positioning rope, and also can be connected with the solar heat collecting cover through the rod body (namely the central rod) and extend to the lower part of the water surface, and the fan according to the embodiment of the invention can be fixed on the central rod of the stabilizing anchor. Thus, the fan can be easily fixed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the size of the solar heat collecting cover is large, for example, when the bottom surface of the solar heat collecting cover has a diameter of several tens meters or even hundreds of meters, the sea water desalination device may further include an inspection unit which may be provided in the solar heat collecting cover so as to monitor the operation condition inside the solar heat collecting cover and may be used for equipment maintenance or the like, and the inspection unit may include an inspection door, an inspection channel, and an inspection platform, the inspection door may be provided on a sidewall of the solar heat collecting cover, and the inspection channel and the inspection platform may extend from the inspection door to the inside of the solar heat collecting cover. For example, the service channel may be an annular channel secured inside the solar collector hood. In particular, the size of the access door is not particularly limited, for example, the size of the access door may be adapted for access by an operator for inspection, maintenance of equipment, and the like. Specifically, the number of the access doors is not particularly limited, for example, one access door or two access doors can be used as an access channel for an operator, and also can be used as a ventilation port, so that the interior of the solar heat collection cover can be cooled, and the like, the safety of the operator can be conveniently improved, and safety accidents such as explosion and the like caused by overhigh temperature in the interior of the solar heat collection cover can be avoided. More specifically, two access doors can be set up relatively, for example one can regard as the maintainer entry, and another can regard as the maintainer export, and consequently, two access doors of relative setting are not only convenient for the maintainer work to two access doors have better ventilation effect when opening simultaneously, help giving the inside cooling of solar collector cover etc. soon. Specifically, the access door may be disposed on an inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover near the fresh water collecting tank, and the access passage may be disposed above the fresh water collecting tank.
According to the embodiment of the invention, besides the access door can be used as a ventilation opening, the solar heat collection cover can further comprise an exhaust unit, the exhaust unit can comprise an exhaust opening and a fan, the exhaust opening can be arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover, and the fan can be arranged at the exhaust opening, so that the fan can rotate to better cool and dissipate heat of the solar heat collection cover, and accidents such as explosion and the like caused by the fact that the temperature inside the solar heat collection cover is too high are avoided.
According to the embodiment of the invention, in order to further improve the use safety of the solar heat collection cover, the sea water desalting device can further comprise an explosion-proof lamp, and the explosion-proof lamp can be arranged inside the solar heat collection cover so as to monitor the environment inside the solar heat collection cover in real time, thereby avoiding safety accidents and the like.
In summary, according to the seawater desalination device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover is designed, the polar radius of the solar heat collection cover is larger than the equatorial radius (namely the length of the b axis is larger than the a axis), the seawater desalination device can be directly placed on the water surface (such as the sea surface) for use, and the seawater desalination device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenience in use, high solar energy utilization rate and high seawater desalination efficiency.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method of desalinating sea water using a sea water desalinating apparatus as claimed in any preceding claim. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: placing a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover on the water surface, wherein the b axis of the solar heat collection cover is vertical to the water surface; the heat collected by the solar heat collection cover is utilized to heat water at the position corresponding to the evaporation plane of the solar heat collection cover, and the water is evaporated; the outer surface of the solar heat collection cover is cooled by a cooling unit; the evaporated vapor is condensed along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the condensed fresh water flows into a fresh water collection tank arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, the method can be used for simply and conveniently desalting the sea water, and has high solar energy utilization rate.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sea water desalination device further comprises a heating unit, the method may further comprise: the solar heating plate heats water in the water tank, and the heated hot water is supplied to a hot water inlet of a heating pipe arranged below the evaporation plane from a water outlet of the water tank; after the hot water in the heating pipe is cooled, the hot water is supplied to the water tank water inlet of the water tank through the cold water outlet of the heating pipe. Therefore, the heating unit and the solar heat collection cover can heat the seawater at the evaporation plane together, so that the evaporation of the seawater is further promoted, and the seawater desalination efficiency is improved. According to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the heating pipe and the hot water in the water tank can be controlled and regulated so as to heat the seawater better and promote the evaporation of the seawater, and particularly, the temperature of the seawater at the heated evaporation plane can be less than 60 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method may further comprise: the water pump pumps seawater of a certain depth and supplies seawater of a lower temperature at the certain depth to a spray header arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, the cooling unit can cool the solar heat collection cover by utilizing the existing seawater with lower temperature, so that the condensation of the water vapor in the solar heat collection cover on the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover can be promoted, the seawater desalination efficiency is further improved, the structure of the seawater desalination device is further simplified, and the seawater desalination cost is saved.
The scheme of the present invention will be explained below with reference to examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples are not to be construed as limiting the specific techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or as per the specifications of the product.
Example 1: manufacturing of sea water desalting device with semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover
The structure of the solar heat collecting cover can be referred to fig. 1, 3-4 and 7-9, the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover 100 is formed by a polyethylene film, the equatorial plane of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is circular, and the length ratio of the b-axis to the a-axis (i.e. the length ratio of the polar radius to the equatorial radius) of the solar heat collecting cover is 3:2. Specifically, the length of the b-axis is 9m, and the bottom surface of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is circular, and the diameter of the circular is 12m. The inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is provided with 16 stainless steel tube supporting frames 600 (refer to fig. 4, the structure is similar to an umbrella frame, and the solar heat collecting cover 100 can be folded), and the inner wall 140 of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is provided with a unidirectional light-transmitting coating and a coating formed by infrared reflection coating. The bottom of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is bent back to be perpendicular to the sea surface to form a fresh water collecting tank 120, the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank 120 is provided with a fresh water outlet 130, and the fresh water outlet 130 is connected with an external fresh water storage unit 200. The width of the fresh water collecting tank 120 is 1m, and the evaporation plane 110 defined by the fresh water collecting tank 120 at the bottom of the solar heat collecting housing 100 is a circle having a diameter of 10 m. Referring to fig. 3, the seawater desalination plant further includes a shower head 410 provided at the top of the solar heat collection cover 100 to communicate with seawater through a water suction pump 420. Referring to fig. 7 to 9, the seawater desalination plant further comprises a plurality of stabilizing anchors 510, specifically, one stabilizing anchor 510 extends downward into the seawater from the top B point of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and the other 4 stabilizing anchors (not shown) extend into the seawater from the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank 120, respectively, the whole plant is fixed at a specific position on the water surface by the stabilizing anchors 510 and is kept stable by the stabilizing plates 610, and the influence of waves or surges on the system fresh water is reduced by the wave-resistant plates 700.
Example 2: manufacturing of sea water desalination device with semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover and heating unit
Other structures are the same as in example 1, except that a heating tube is added below the evaporation plane 110, and the heating tube is connected to an external water tank and a solar panel. A schematic of the device is shown in fig. 6.
Comparative example 1: manufacturing of sea water desalting device with hemispherical solar heat collection cover
Other manufacturing methods are the same as in example 1, except that the solar heat collecting cover has a hemispherical structure, and the diameter of the bottom of the hemispherical solar heat collecting cover is 12 meters.
Seawater desalination performance test
The sea water desalination apparatus of example 1 and comparative example 1 were placed in the vicinity of the same sea surface to desalinate sea water and the amount of fresh water collected in the fresh water collecting tank was monitored in real time while selecting the afternoon (air temperature 28 to 30 ℃) when the weather was clear. After a period of time, the seawater desalination device produces stable water (i.e. when the mass of fresh water increased per minute is a certain value), tests are carried out: the total amount of fresh water produced by each sea water desalination device in a certain time is measured and converted into the mass (g/(m 2 h)) of fresh water produced per square meter per hour, namely the water yield, namely the sea water desalination efficiency. Meanwhile, the natural evaporation amount of the water surface was measured to be 60 g/(m 2 h).
Test results referring to fig. 10, it can be seen from fig. 10 that the seawater desalination efficiency of the seawater desalination plant with a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover in example 1 is 180 g/(m 2 h), while the seawater desalination efficiency of the seawater desalination plant with a hemispherical solar heat collecting cover in comparative example 1 is 140 g/(m 2 h). Therefore, compared with the seawater desalination device with the hemispherical solar heat collection cover, the seawater desalination device with the hemispherical solar heat collection cover provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher seawater desalination efficiency and higher solar energy utilization rate.
Moreover, as can be seen from fig. 10, the seawater desalination efficiency of the seawater desalination device with the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover and the heating unit is 300 g/(m 2 h), so that the heating unit and the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover can jointly heat water at the water-air interface of the evaporation area, thereby further promoting the evaporation of the seawater at the water-air interface and improving the seawater desalination efficiency.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "outer", "inner", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (16)
1. A seawater desalination plant, comprising:
A semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover, wherein a fresh water collection groove is formed in the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, an evaporation plane is defined by the fresh water collection groove at the bottom of the solar heat collection cover, a fresh water outlet is formed in the fresh water collection groove, the fresh water outlet is connected with a fresh water storage unit, the length of a b axis of the solar heat collection cover is larger than that of an a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane;
And a cooling unit disposed outside the solar heat collecting cover and configured to cool an outer surface of the solar heat collecting cover;
the side wall of the fresh water collecting tank is linear and longer;
the length ratio of the b axis to the a axis of the solar heat collection cover is (6:5) - (2:1);
the solar heat collection cover comprises an exhaust unit, the exhaust unit comprises an exhaust port and a fan, the exhaust port is arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover, and the fan is arranged at the exhaust port.
2. A desalination apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the inner wall of the solar collector hood is provided with a light absorbing coating.
3. The desalination apparatus of claim 2, wherein the light absorbing coating comprises at least one of a unidirectional light transmissive material and an infrared reflective material.
4. The desalination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the material forming the solar heat collection cover comprises at least one of polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and derivatives thereof, glass.
5. A desalination apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the fresh water collection tank is integrally formed with the solar heat collection cover, the fresh water collection tank being annular.
6. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling unit comprises:
the spray header is arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover; and
And the water suction pump is used for sucking seawater with a certain depth and supplying the seawater to the spray header.
7. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
And a heating unit configured to heat the evaporation plane.
8. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 7, wherein the heating unit comprises:
A solar heating plate configured to heat water in a water tank, the water tank having a water tank water inlet and a water tank water outlet; and
The heating pipe is configured to heat the evaporation plane and is provided with a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet, the hot water inlet is connected with the water tank outlet, and the cold water outlet is connected with the water tank inlet.
9. A desalination apparatus according to claim 8 wherein the heating tube is helical and the outer surface of the heating tube is black in colour.
10. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
The support frames are used for supporting the solar heat collection cover and can be opened and closed.
11. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
A stabilizing anchor connected to at least one of the top of the solar heat collection cover and the bottom of the fresh water collection tank;
Optionally, a stabilizing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover through a fixing plate, and the stabilizing plate is perpendicular to the evaporation plane and has a part which can extend into the water body below the evaporation plane;
Optionally, the wave-resistant plate is arranged in the solar heat collection cover and can float on the water surface, and the wave-resistant plate comprises a plurality of wave-resistant sub-plates which are connected with each other and are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of wave-resistant sub-plates are arranged perpendicular to the evaporation plane.
12. A desalination apparatus according to claim 11 wherein the material forming the stabilising plate comprises at least one of plastics, stainless steel and aluminium alloy;
Optionally, the material forming the wave resistant sheet comprises at least one of plastic, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy;
Optionally, the height of the wave resistant board is 5cm-50cm.
13. A seawater desalination plant as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
At least one fan arranged above the evaporation plane to form air circulation by utilizing air inside the solar heat collection cover;
Optionally, the solar heat collection cover comprises 4 fans, wherein the 4 fans are symmetrically arranged with each other and are arranged around the center of the evaporation plane inside the solar heat collection cover;
optionally, the blower may be secured to the central rod of the stabilizing anchor.
14. A method of desalinating sea water using a sea water desalinating apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising:
Placing a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover on a water surface, wherein the b-axis of the solar heat collection cover is perpendicular to the water surface;
Heating water at the position corresponding to the evaporation plane of the solar heat collection cover by utilizing heat collected by the solar heat collection cover, and evaporating the water;
cooling the outer surface of the solar heat collection cover by using a cooling unit;
the evaporated vapor is condensed along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the condensed fresh water flows into a fresh water collection tank arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the sea water desalination device further comprises a heating unit, the method further comprising:
The solar heating plate heats water in the water tank, and the heated hot water is supplied to a hot water inlet of a heating pipe arranged below the evaporation plane from a water outlet of the water tank;
After the hot water in the heating pipe is cooled, the hot water is supplied back to the water tank water inlet of the water tank through the cold water outlet of the heating pipe.
16. The method according to claim 14, wherein the method further comprises:
The suction pump sucks seawater of a certain depth and supplies the seawater to a shower head provided at the top of the solar heat collecting cover.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910105041.XA CN110240214B (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-01 | Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method |
| PCT/CN2019/126212 WO2020155903A1 (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-12-18 | Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910105041.XA CN110240214B (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-01 | Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110240214A CN110240214A (en) | 2019-09-17 |
| CN110240214B true CN110240214B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
Family
ID=67882921
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910105041.XA Active CN110240214B (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-01 | Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110240214B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020155903A1 (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-06 | 清华大学 | Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method |
| CN114349099A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 郑州大学 | Solar phase-change heat storage seawater desalination system |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1333703A (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2002-01-30 | 太阳能新技术公司 | Salar water still |
| CN1712862A (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-28 | 刘淑平 | Closed solar energy |
| CN201358174Y (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-12-09 | 杨德云 | Multi-functional solar-energy sea water desalting unit |
| DE102009034844A1 (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2011-02-03 | Hans-Josef Friedrich | Specifically molded system for obtaining drinking water from condensate, comprises molded parts produced from complete or self-supporting transparent material with an inner collecting groove for the condensate |
| JP2011175144A (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-09-08 | Mitaka Koki Co Ltd | Secondary mirror of beam down-type solar light condenser |
| CN103429306A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-12-04 | 詹姆斯·伟甫·郦 | Photovoltaic panel-interfaced solar-greenhouse distillation systems |
| CN106587237A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-04-26 | 李龙景 | Portable solar-powered seawater desalination device |
| CN208022731U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-10-30 | 钟多琳 | A kind of desalination plant based on solar energy |
| CN209797531U (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-12-17 | 清华大学 | solar seawater desalination device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8951391B2 (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2015-02-10 | Miles McClure | Solar distillation device |
| US10093552B2 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2018-10-09 | James Weifu Lee | Photovoltaic panel-interfaced solar-greenhouse distillation systems |
-
2019
- 2019-02-01 CN CN201910105041.XA patent/CN110240214B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1333703A (en) * | 1998-07-17 | 2002-01-30 | 太阳能新技术公司 | Salar water still |
| CN1712862A (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2005-12-28 | 刘淑平 | Closed solar energy |
| CN201358174Y (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-12-09 | 杨德云 | Multi-functional solar-energy sea water desalting unit |
| DE102009034844A1 (en) * | 2009-07-27 | 2011-02-03 | Hans-Josef Friedrich | Specifically molded system for obtaining drinking water from condensate, comprises molded parts produced from complete or self-supporting transparent material with an inner collecting groove for the condensate |
| JP2011175144A (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-09-08 | Mitaka Koki Co Ltd | Secondary mirror of beam down-type solar light condenser |
| CN103429306A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-12-04 | 詹姆斯·伟甫·郦 | Photovoltaic panel-interfaced solar-greenhouse distillation systems |
| CN106587237A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-04-26 | 李龙景 | Portable solar-powered seawater desalination device |
| CN208022731U (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-10-30 | 钟多琳 | A kind of desalination plant based on solar energy |
| CN209797531U (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-12-17 | 清华大学 | solar seawater desalination device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110240214A (en) | 2019-09-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110498465B (en) | Concentrating sea water desalting device and sea water desalting method | |
| CN110240211B (en) | Solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device and water purification method | |
| CN1997859B (en) | Structure using multi-systems for electricity generation and water desalination | |
| US4210121A (en) | Solar energy collection | |
| US20080168789A1 (en) | Method and Apparatus For Condensing Water From Ambient Air | |
| US8487463B2 (en) | Enhanced multi-mode power generation system | |
| WO2009105587A2 (en) | Solar radiation collection systems | |
| US20120138447A1 (en) | Solar desalination system with solar-initiated wind power pumps | |
| CN110240214B (en) | Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method | |
| CN1802504A (en) | Supply unit for power and water based on renewable energy | |
| JPS587147B2 (en) | The current energy level is low. | |
| US20090200151A1 (en) | Apparatus for Purification of Water | |
| US10378519B1 (en) | Method for generating electrical power using a solar chimney having an inflatable fresnel lens | |
| CN209797531U (en) | solar seawater desalination device | |
| US4394814A (en) | Energy generation system | |
| CN212476175U (en) | Solar seawater desalination system | |
| CN115215402A (en) | Solar photo-thermal evaporation steam collecting device | |
| US8465628B1 (en) | Floating solar energy conversion and water distillation apparatus | |
| CN212334641U (en) | Light-gathering seawater desalination device | |
| CN210340383U (en) | Solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device | |
| WO2020155903A1 (en) | Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method | |
| KR101407079B1 (en) | solar heat collecting system using cone shape reflector | |
| EP2222604B1 (en) | Solar powered and floating evaporator | |
| CN220669810U (en) | Linear solar heat collection device | |
| CN111059007B (en) | Secondary reflection type light-gathering solar heat utilization system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |