CN210340383U - Solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device - Google Patents

Solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210340383U
CN210340383U CN201920184603.XU CN201920184603U CN210340383U CN 210340383 U CN210340383 U CN 210340383U CN 201920184603 U CN201920184603 U CN 201920184603U CN 210340383 U CN210340383 U CN 210340383U
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China
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solar
water
collection cover
purification device
water purification
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CN201920184603.XU
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张潇源
李·伦纳德
程文浩
黄霞
郭兴国
徐婷
刘瑞峰
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Beijing Mintian Water Source Technology Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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Beijing Mintian Water Source Technology Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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Priority to CN201920184603.XU priority Critical patent/CN210340383U/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/126212 priority patent/WO2020155903A1/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

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  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar energy light-heat conversion purifier. The utility model provides a solar photothermal conversion purifier, include: the solar heat collection cover is semi-ellipsoidal, a fresh water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, an evaporation plane is defined at the bottom of the solar heat collection cover by the fresh water collecting tank, a fresh water outlet is formed in the fresh water collecting tank and is connected with a fresh water storage unit, the length of the b axis of the solar heat collection cover is greater than the a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane; the isolation heating layer is positioned inside the solar heat collection cover and arranged at the evaporation plane, and comprises a base body, a pore passage is formed inside the base body, and a photo-thermal conversion material is arranged in the base body; and a cooling unit that can cool an outer surface of the solar heat collecting cover. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device can be directly placed on the water surface for use, and is simple in structure, low in cost, high in solar energy utilization rate and high in water purifying efficiency.

Description

Solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a water treatment field specifically, relates to a solar photothermal conversion purifier.
Background
Water is the origin of life, and human lives and lives can not be boiled. However, in the world, human beings face a severe shortage of fresh water resources. The total amount of fresh water can be increased by seawater desalination, and water resources can be well utilized. Sea water desalination, i.e. desalination of sea water to produce fresh water, and there are many methods for sea water desalination, such as traditional freezing method, distillation method, reverse osmosis method, adsorption method, etc. The method has the defects of high energy consumption, low efficiency, large and complicated equipment, high cost, generation of a large amount of pollutants and the like. The method utilizes solar energy resources, obtains fresh water from seawater in an evaporation mode through photothermal conversion, utilizes the free and inexhaustible solar energy resources, and can reduce the energy consumption and the cost of seawater desalination to a certain extent. And moreover, solar energy is converted into heat energy by utilizing a solar photo-thermal technology, the heat energy can promote evaporation and condensation of a water body, namely, distilled purified water can be obtained, the solar photo-thermal technology can also realize purification of high-salt water, sewage purification and the like, and the sewage treatment cost is reduced.
However, the current solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device still needs to be improved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent.
The inventor finds that the existing solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device has the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing and operating cost, low solar energy utilization rate and the like. For example, the current solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device has a complex configuration design, and cannot efficiently utilize absorbed solar energy, for example, a large amount of heat energy is lost due to dissipation, and the heat energy ratio actually used for water evaporation is small, thereby limiting the further development of the device. Therefore, if a new solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device can be provided, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy preparation, high solar energy utilization rate and low cost, the popularization of solar photo-thermal conversion water purification technology (such as seawater desalination technology) can be promoted to a great extent, and the problems can be solved to a great extent.
In one aspect of the present invention, the utility model provides a solar energy photo-thermal conversion water purifying device. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this solar photothermal conversion purifier includes: the solar heat collection cover is semi-ellipsoidal, a fresh water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, an evaporation plane is defined at the bottom of the solar heat collection cover by the fresh water collecting tank, a fresh water outlet is formed in the fresh water collecting tank, the fresh water outlet is connected with a fresh water storage unit, the length of a b axis of the solar heat collection cover is greater than that of an a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane; the isolation heating layer is positioned inside the solar heat collection cover and arranged at the evaporation plane, the isolation heating layer comprises a base body, a pore passage is formed inside the base body, and a photothermal conversion material is arranged in the base body at least on one side of the base body, which is far away from the water surface; and a cooling unit disposed outside the solar heat collecting cover. Therefore, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device can be directly placed on the water surface (such as the sea surface) for use, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient use; the isolation heating layer can absorb part of seawater into the isolation heating layer, the heat collected by the solar heat collection cover and the photothermal conversion material can heat and evaporate the seawater absorbed into the isolation heating layer, and the heating and evaporation efficiency is high; this cooling unit can promote the inner wall condensation of vapor in this solar energy collection cover in the solar energy collection cover, and the solar energy collection cover that has this shape is favorable to vapor fully to condense along the arc inner wall of this solar energy collection cover, and the device's solar energy high-usage, water purification efficiency (for example sea water desalination efficiency) is high), and the water purification cost is lower.
Specifically, the length ratio of the b axis to the a axis of the solar heat collection cover is (6: 5) - (2: 1). Therefore, when the length ratio of the b axis to the a axis of the solar heat collection cover is in the range, the water vapor can be well promoted to be fully condensed along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
Specifically, the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover is provided with a light absorption coating. Therefore, the light absorption coating can better absorb the heat energy in the solar energy so as to heat and evaporate the water in the isolation heating layer, and the utilization rate of the solar energy is further improved.
Specifically, the light absorbing coating comprises a one-way light transmitting material or an infrared reflecting material. Therefore, the one-way light-transmitting material can enable light rays to be emitted into the solar heat collection cover from the outside, but the light rays cannot be transmitted out of the solar heat collection cover, so that the loss of solar energy emitted into the solar heat collection cover can be reduced; the infrared reflection material can limit infrared light in sunlight which enters the solar heat collection cover inside the solar heat collection cover, so that heat in the infrared light can be better utilized, and therefore the light absorption coating can further improve the utilization rate of solar energy.
Specifically, the material for forming the solar heat collecting cover comprises polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and derivatives thereof or glass. Therefore, the solar heat collection cover has a good heat collection effect, can reduce heat loss, and can further improve the solar energy utilization rate of the solar heat collection cover.
Specifically, the fresh water collecting tank and the solar heat collecting cover are integrally formed, and the fresh water collecting tank is annular. Therefore, the structure and the preparation process of the solar heat collection cover are further simplified, the annular fresh water collecting tank can better collect the condensed fresh water from all places on the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
Specifically, the cooling unit includes: the spray header is arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover; and a suction pump for pumping seawater at a certain depth and supplying the seawater to the shower head. Therefore, when the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is directly placed on the sea for use, the water suction pump can suck the seawater with a certain depth and a low temperature and supply the seawater to the spray header to cool the outer surface of the solar heat collection cover, so that the cooling unit can cool the solar heat collection cover by utilizing the existing seawater with a low temperature, the structure of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further simplified, and the water purification cost (such as the seawater desalination cost) is saved.
Specifically, the matrix comprises a porous material, aerogel, carbon material or organic fiber; the photothermal conversion material includes metal nanoparticles, a carbon material, a plasmon material, or a semiconductor material. Therefore, on one hand, the isolation heating layer is formed by wide material sources and low in price, and the cost of seawater desalination can be reduced; on the other hand, the matrix can well absorb seawater into the matrix, so that the problems of low heating and evaporation efficiency and serious heat loss caused by heating the whole water body by the solar heat collecting cover and the photothermal conversion material are solved; the photothermal conversion material has high solar energy utilization rate, can generate high temperature around the photothermal conversion material, promotes the water evaporation inside the isolation heating layer, and further improves the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency).
Specifically, the isolation heating layer includes light and heat conversion portion and thermal-insulated portion, wherein, the inside of thermal-insulated portion has the through-hole, thermal-insulated portion with the surface of water contact, light and heat conversion portion with thermal-insulated portion contacts. From this, this heat insulating part can be better with water absorption to its inside, and this light and heat conversion portion can heat the evaporation to the water of through-hole opening part (promptly heat insulating part and light and heat conversion portion contact department) at least, has further improved solar energy utilization ratio and water purification efficiency (for example sea water desalination efficiency).
Specifically, the photothermal conversion unit and the heat insulating unit are stacked. Thereby, the photothermal conversion water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency) is obtained.
Specifically, the heat insulating portion is cup-shaped, a bottom of the cup-shaped heat insulating portion is in contact with the water surface, and the photothermal conversion portion is disposed inside the cup-shaped heat insulating portion. Therefore, the photothermal conversion part can sufficiently heat and evaporate water at the opening of the through hole of the heat insulation part in contact with the photothermal conversion part, and the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) are further improved.
Specifically, the thermal-insulated portion includes the capillary, the bottom of capillary with the surface of water contact, the top of capillary is provided with light and heat conversion portion. Therefore, the photothermal conversion part can heat and evaporate the water absorbed to the top of the capillary tube by the capillary tube, and the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) are further improved.
Specifically, the thermal insulation part and the photothermal conversion part form a box-shaped structure, wherein the photothermal conversion part forms a top surface of the box-shaped structure, and the thermal insulation part forms four side surfaces of the box-shaped structure, or forms the four side surfaces and a bottom surface of the box-shaped structure. From this, this heat insulating part can be better with water absorption to its inside to the inside water of this heat insulating part can flow to and the light and heat conversion portion contact, and then light and heat conversion portion can heat this water, has further improved solar energy utilization ratio and water purification efficiency (for example sea water desalination efficiency).
Specifically, a material forming the photothermal conversion portion includes metal nanoparticles, a carbon material, a plasmon material, or a semiconductor material; the material forming the thermal insulation portion includes a porous material, aerogel, carbon material, or organic fiber. Therefore, the material for forming the isolation heating layer has wide sources and low price, can reduce the water purification cost (such as the cost of seawater desalination), and can improve the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (such as the seawater desalination efficiency).
Specifically, the matrix is formed of wood, an upper portion of the wood is carbonized in a direction in which fibers in the wood extend, and pores of the carbonized wood are filled with metal nanoparticles. Therefore, the wood is cheap and easy to obtain, a plurality of natural pore channels are formed among fibers in the wood, water can be fully absorbed, and the metal nano particles in the pore channels can generate high temperature around the metal nano particles after absorbing solar energy, so that the water in the pore channels can be heated and evaporated, and the solar energy utilization rate and the water evaporation efficiency are further improved.
Specifically, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes: a heating unit that can heat the isolation heating layer. Therefore, the heating unit can heat the water at the water-air interface corresponding to the isolation heating layer, so that the water evaporation is further promoted, and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) is improved.
Specifically, the heating unit includes: a solar heating panel operable to heat water in a water tank, the water tank having a water tank inlet and a water tank outlet; and the heating pipe can heat the isolation heating layer, the heating pipe is provided with a hot water inlet and a cold water outlet, the hot water inlet is connected with the water tank outlet, and the cold water outlet is connected with the water tank inlet. From this, can utilize solar energy to heat the water in the water tank, the hot water after the heating can be supplied to and heats the water of the steam interface department that the isolation heating layer corresponds the department in the heating pipe to can also supply the return water tank to carry out circulation heating after the water cooling in the heating pipe, from this, can further improve water evaporation efficiency, can further the energy saving, reduce the sea water desalination cost.
Specifically, the heating pipe is spiral, and the color of the outer surface of the heating pipe is black. Therefore, the spiral heating pipe can better heat water at the water-air interface at the corresponding position of the isolation heating layer, and the heating pipe with the black outer surface can further improve the heating efficiency.
Specifically, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes: and the stable anchor is connected with at least one of the top of the solar heat collection cover and the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank. Therefore, the solar heat collection cover can be fixed at a certain position on the water surface by the stable anchor, the solar heat collection cover is prevented from being blown over by wind waves and the like, the structural stability of the solar heat collection cover is improved, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
Specifically, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes: the floating plate is arranged outside the solar heat collection cover, so that the floating plate is beneficial to fixing the solar heat collection cover at a specific position on the water surface for water purification, the floating plate and the positioning anchor are further improved, the solar heat collection cover can float and is fixed at the specific position on the water surface for seawater desalination, and the service performance of the seawater desalination device is further improved.
Specifically, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes: a stabilising plate secured to the inner wall of the solar collector enclosure by a securing plate, the stabilising plate being perpendicular to the evaporation plane and partially extendable into the body of water below the evaporation plane. Therefore, the solar heat collection cover can be well fixed on the water surface by utilizing the stabilizing plate and the fixing plate, the solar heat collection cover is prevented from being blown over by wind waves and the like, the structure and the use stability of the solar heat collection cover are improved, and the use performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
Specifically, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes: the anti-wave plate is arranged in the solar heat collection cover and can float on the sea surface, the anti-wave plate comprises a plurality of anti-wave sub-plates which are connected with each other and arranged at intervals, and the anti-wave sub-plates are perpendicular to the evaporation plane. Therefore, the wave-resisting sub-plates can offset the water waves in the solar heat collection cover, the solar heat collection cover is prevented from being turned over by the wind waves (particularly the wind waves entering the solar heat collection cover), the stability of the solar heat collection cover is further improved, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
Specifically, the material forming the stabilizer plate includes plastic, stainless steel, or an aluminum alloy. Therefore, the material is light in weight and has good corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
Specifically, the material for forming the wave-resisting plate comprises plastic, stainless steel or aluminum alloy. Therefore, the material is light in weight and has good corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
Specifically, the height of the wave-resisting plate is 5cm-50 cm. Therefore, when the height of the wave-resistant sub-plate is within the range, the wave-resistant sub-plate has a good function of counteracting wind waves, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device is further improved.
Specifically, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes: at least one fan, the fan sets up in the top of evaporation plane. Therefore, after the fan forms airflow circulation inside the solar heat collection cover, the fan can accelerate the water vapor to move to the top of the solar heat collection cover and condense along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, so that the evaporation and condensation of the water vapor are accelerated, and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) is further improved.
Specifically, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes: 4 the fan, 4 the fan sets up symmetrically each other, and around the inside solar energy collection cover evaporation plane's center sets up. From this, 4 fans can form aqueous vapor microcirculation in solar energy collection cover is inside, are favorable to vapor to the top motion of solar energy collection cover to along the inner wall condensation of solar energy collection cover, further improved water purification efficiency (for example sea water desalination efficiency).
Specifically, the fan may be fixed to a center pole of the stabilizer anchor. Therefore, the fan can be fixed simply.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of an isolation heating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structure of a conventional ellipsoid;
fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a part of the structure of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 6 shows a top view of an isolation heating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure view of an isolation heating layer according to another embodiment of the present invention;
figure 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure view of an isolation heating layer according to another embodiment of the present invention;
figure 9 shows a schematic structural view of an isolation heating layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of an isolation heating layer according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
figure 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure view of an isolation heating layer according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
figure 12 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure view of an isolation heating layer according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a part of a structure of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 shows a schematic view of a part of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic view showing a part of a structure of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 17 shows a schematic view of a partial structure of a solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1000: a solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device; 100: a solar heat collection enclosure; 110: evaporating the plane; 120: a fresh water collecting tank; 130: a fresh water outlet; 140: an inner wall; 200: a fresh water storage unit; 300: a heating unit; 310: a solar heating plate; 320: a water tank; 330: heating a tube; 400: a cooling unit; 410: a shower head; 420: a water pump; 510: a stable anchor; 520: positioning the rope; 610: a stabilizing plate; 620: a fixing plate; 800: a wave-resistant plate; 810: a wave-resistant sub-plate; 820: connecting ropes; 600: a support frame; 700: isolating the heating layer; 710: a substrate; 720: a duct; 730: a photothermal conversion material; 10: a heat insulating part; 11: a through hole; 12: a capillary tube; 20: a photothermal conversion section; 2000: an ellipsoid.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In one aspect of the present invention, the utility model provides a solar energy photo-thermal conversion water purifying device. According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 1, this solar photothermal conversion purifier 1000 includes: semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover 100, isolation heating layer 700 and fresh waterA storage unit 200 and a cooling unit 400, wherein the bottom of the inner wall 140 of the solar heat-collecting cover 100 has a fresh water collecting tank 120 (refer to the "top" and "bottom" directions shown in the figures), the fresh water collecting tank 120 defines an evaporation plane 110 at the bottom of the solar heat-collecting cover 100 (refer to the "bottom" directions shown in the figures), a fresh water outlet 130 is arranged in the fresh water collecting tank 120, the fresh water outlet 130 is connected with the fresh water storage unit 200, and the length of the b axis of the solar heat-collecting cover 100 is greater than the a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110; the insulating heating layer 700 is disposed inside the solar collecting cover 100 and at the evaporation plane 110. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the isolation heating layer 700 includes a substrate 710, the substrate 710 has a hole 720 inside, the isolation heating layer 700 may be in contact with the water surface (refer to fig. 1 and dotted line pq shown in fig. 2), and water may be absorbed into the interior of the isolation heating layer 700 through the hole 720, and the substrate 700 has a photothermal conversion material 730 at least on a side of the substrate 700 away from the water surface. Therefore, the solar photothermal conversion water purification device 1000 can be directly placed on a water surface (for example, sea surface) for use, wherein the bottom of the solar heat collection cover 100 and the bottom of the isolation heating layer 700 (refer to the "bottom" direction shown in the figure) are in contact with the water surface pq, the isolation heating layer 700 can absorb the water on the water surface pq to the inside of the isolation heating layer 700, the solar heat collection cover 100 can better collect solar energy, the photothermal conversion material 730 can better absorb the solar energy and generate high temperature around the solar energy, the heat collected by the solar heat collection cover 100 and the heat generated by the photothermal conversion material 730 can heat and evaporate the water absorbed to the inside of the isolation heating layer 700, the heating and evaporation efficiency is high, and the solar energy utilization rate is high; the cooling unit 400 can promote the condensation of water vapor in the solar heat-collecting cover 100, and the solar heat-collecting cover 100 with the shape facilitates the sufficient condensation of water vapor along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat-collecting cover 100, and the fresh water collecting tank 120 can simply collect condensed fresh water (referring to fig. 1, water vapor can be along m in the figure1、m2Directionally condensing and flowing into the bottom fresh water holding tank 120). Therefore, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device 1000 has simple structure and low cost,convenient use, high solar energy utilization rate and high water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency).
It should be noted that, referring to the ellipsoid structure shown in fig. 3, the ellipsoid 2000 includes equatorial radii a and a ' (along the x-axis and y-axis, respectively) and polar radius b (along the z-axis), and the plane in which the equatorial radii a and a ' are located is the equatorial plane, where b > a and b > a ', i.e. the ellipsoid is a prolate sphere. According to the utility model discloses "half ellipsoid" indicates the figure that obtains this ellipsoid 2000 along the equatorial plane or the plane that is on a parallel with this equatorial plane cuts, wherein, according to the utility model discloses an "b axle, an axle and an 'axle of solar energy collection cover" be this ellipsoid 2000's utmost point radius b and equatorial radius an and an 'promptly, according to the utility model discloses the evaporation plane of embodiment is the plane that is on a parallel with this ellipsoid 2000's equatorial plane promptly. In the embodiment of the present invention, the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover 100 is a figure formed by cutting the ellipsoid 2000 along the equatorial plane, and the sectional structure of the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover 100 along the vertex B and the straight line AA' is schematically illustrated in fig. 1. Moreover, for the convenience of understanding, the solar heat collecting cover 100 in all the drawings of the present application adopts the schematic cross-sectional structure instead of the whole solar heat collecting cover.
For the convenience of understanding, the following is at first simply illustrated the principle that the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device according to the embodiment of the present invention can realize the above-mentioned beneficial effects:
as mentioned above, the current solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device has a complex configuration design, cannot efficiently utilize absorbed solar energy, has high manufacturing and operating costs, and has a low solar energy utilization rate and water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency). And according to the utility model discloses solar photothermal conversion purifier, on the one hand, through designing the solar energy collection cover of a half ellipsoid, this solar energy collection cover can directly be placed on the surface of water (for example, the sea), and can collect solar energy, utilize the water that the heat energy among the solar energy corresponds the department to the evaporation plane to heat, promote its evaporation, and promote the inside vapor condensation of this solar energy collection cover through cooling unit, and, the length of the b axle of this half ellipsoid solar energy collection cover is greater than the a axle, be favorable to vapor fully to condense along the arc inner wall of this solar energy collection cover, and the fresh water after the condensation can flow to setting up in the fresh water collecting vat at this solar energy collection cover bottom edge, avoid the fresh water of condensation before in the fresh water collecting vat that flows into, inner wall at the solar energy collection cover drips to the sea. The inventor finds that when the b axis of the solar heat collection cover is smaller than or equal to the a axis, the temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the solar heat collection cover is small, so that water vapor condensation is not facilitated, heat loss is large, and the solar energy utilization rate is low; moreover, after the condensed water drops are attached to the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, because the gradient of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover is too small (the gradient of the inner wall is the inclination degree of the inner wall relative to the water surface), the water drops are not favorable to flow into the fresh water collecting tank at the bottom along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the water drops directly drop back to the original water body after partial desalination, so that the water purification efficiency (such as the seawater desalination efficiency) is reduced. Therefore, according to the utility model discloses solar energy collection cover, its b axle is greater than an axle, is favorable to vapor fully to condense along this solar energy collection cover's arc inner wall to the fresh water after the condensation can flow to the fresh water collecting vat that sets up at this solar energy collection cover bottom edge betterly.
On the other hand, the evaporation plane of the solar heat collection cover is provided with an isolation heating layer, the isolation heating layer is internally provided with a pore passage, the isolation heating layer can be in contact with the water surface and absorbs water into the isolation heating layer through the pore passage, and the isolation heating layer is also internally provided with a photothermal conversion material, the photothermal conversion material can absorb solar energy and generate high temperature around the photothermal conversion material. From this, this solar energy collection cover and this light and heat conversion material can heat the evaporation absorbing to the inside water of this isolation zone of heating jointly, the evaporation efficiency is high, that is to say, this isolation zone of heating can separate solar energy collection cover and light and heat conversion material and whole surface of water, solar energy collection cover and light and heat conversion material have been avoided heating whole water, cause the low and serious problem of heat loss of heating evaporation efficiency, and, this isolation zone of heating can absorb water to its inside pore, therefore, solar energy collection cover and light and heat conversion material can only heat absorbing to the inside water of this isolation zone of heating, the water evaporation efficiency is high, solar energy utilization ratio and water purification efficiency (for example sea water desalination efficiency) have further been improved. In addition, the material for forming the isolation heating layer has wide sources and low price, and can reduce the cost of seawater desalination.
To sum up, according to the utility model discloses solar energy collection cover simple structure, convenient to use, the cost is lower, and can promote better absorbing to the inside evaporation of water and the condensation of isolation zone of heating, can improve solar energy utilization ratio and water purification efficiency (for example sea water desalination efficiency).
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific size and shape of the solar heat collecting cover 100 are not particularly limited as long as it is a semi-ellipsoidal shape, and its b-axis is greater than the a-axis and greater than the a' -axis. As described above, the "semi-ellipsoid" is not limited to one-half of an ellipsoid, but may be one-third of an ellipsoid, as long as the "semi-ellipsoid" is obtained by cutting along the equatorial plane or a plane parallel to the equatorial plane of an ellipsoid. According to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the bottom surface (referring to the "bottom" direction shown in the figure) of the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover 100 can be circular or elliptical, when the bottom surface is circular, the equatorial radii a and a' are equal and both are smaller than the polar radius b; when the base is elliptical, i.e., the equatorial radii a and a' are not equal but are both smaller than the polar radius b.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the length ratio of the polar radius b to the equatorial radius (a or a') of the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be (6: 5) to (2: 1), specifically, may be 5: 4, can be 4: 3, can be 3:2, etc. Therefore, when the length ratio of the b-axis to the a-axis of the solar heat collection cover 100 is within the range, a large amount of water vapor can be rapidly condensed at the top of the heat collection cover, and the condensed fresh water can flow to the fresh water collecting tank at the bottom along the inner wall, so that the water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency) of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device 1000 is further improved. As mentioned above, when the b-axis of the solar heat collecting cover is less than or equal to the a-axis, evaporation and condensation of water are not facilitated, and the condensed water flows to the fresh water collecting tank at the bottom, so that the solar energy utilization rate is low, and the water purifying efficiency (for example, the seawater desalination efficiency) is low. Specifically, when the ratio of the polar radius to the equatorial radius of the solar heat collection cover is too large, for example, more than 2 to 1, the solar heat collection cover is greatly influenced by sea waves, wind loads and the like when used outdoors, so that the stability of the solar heat collection cover is poor, and the actual use effect is poor. Therefore, when the length ratio of the b axis to the a axis of the solar heat collection cover is in the range, the solar heat collection cover is beneficial to the condensation of a large amount of water vapor at the top of the solar heat collection cover, condensed fresh water can well flow into a fresh water collecting tank at the bottom along the inner wall, the stability of the solar heat collection cover under the conditions of waves and wind load is good, and the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device is beneficial to being directly used on the outdoor sea surface.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the bottom edge of solar energy collection cover is provided with the fresh water collecting vat, and the concrete shape and the mode of setting up of fresh water collecting vat do not receive special restriction, as long as can collect the fresh water that flows to the bottom along the inner wall of solar energy collection cover can. In particular, the fresh water collection trough 120 may be annular, i.e., the fresh water collection trough 120 may be an annular trough that extends around the bottom edge of the solar collection enclosure 100. Therefore, the annular fresh water collecting tank 120 can better collect the condensed fresh water from all places on the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device 1000 is further improved.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the fresh water collecting gutter 120 may be integrally formed with the solar heat collecting cover 100, that is, the fresh water collecting gutter 120 may be formed by bending an edge of the bottom of the solar heat collecting cover 100 inward. Therefore, a fresh water collecting tank can be formed simply and conveniently, and the structure and the preparation process of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device are further simplified. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be circular arc-shaped, so that the circular arc-shaped bottom is beneficial for the solar heat collecting cover 100 to float on the water surface, and the solar heat collecting cover 100 can be prevented from side turning, and the like, thereby improving the use stability of the solar heat collecting cover; specifically, the sidewall (see EF shown in fig. 1) of the fresh water collecting tank 120 may be linear, so that the linear sidewall has an effect of resisting wind and waves, and can prevent water at the evaporation plane from splashing into the fresh water collecting tank, thereby further improving the usability of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification apparatus. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the fresh water collecting trough 120 defines the evaporation plane 110 at the bottom of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and when the fresh water collecting trough 120 is an annular trough, the evaporation plane 110 may also be circular.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this fresh water collecting vat 120's edge EF can be longer, and this solar energy collection cover 100's bottom edge can upwards buckle longer promptly, from this, can avoid fresh water collecting vat 120's capacity undersize, and fresh water overflows from this edge EF. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device 1000 may further include a fresh water collecting pump (not shown in the figure), which is disposed between the fresh water outlet 130 and the fresh water storage unit 200, and can pump the fresh water in the fresh water collecting tank 120 into the fresh water storage unit 200.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the solar heat collecting cover 100 is not particularly limited, and may include an infrared reflection type material, for example, at least one of polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and its derivatives, and glass. The infrared reflection type material can limit infrared light in sunlight which is incident to the inside of the heat collection cover, so that heat in the infrared light can be better utilized. From this, this solar energy heat collection cover has better heat collection effect, can collect the sunlight with the incidence betterly, utilizes the heat energy that contains in the solar energy, heats the water of absorbing to the inside isolation heating layer to the solar energy heat collection cover that is formed by above-mentioned material can reduce the heat loss, can further improve solar energy utilization ratio of solar energy heat collection cover. In addition, the materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and are light, so that the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device is convenient to use, and the water purifying cost can be further reduced.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall 140 of the solar heat collecting cover 100 can be provided with a light absorbing coating, which can absorb solar energy well, so that the solar heat collecting cover 100 can utilize the heat energy in the solar energy well to purify water (e.g. seawater desalination), thereby further improving the utilization rate of the solar energy. According to an embodiment of the invention, the light absorbing coating comprises at least one of a material that is unidirectionally light transmissive and a material that is infrared reflective. It should be noted that the solar heat collecting cover 100 itself according to the embodiment of the present invention may also be formed by a material having one-way light transmittance or infrared reflection performance, as mentioned above, the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be formed by a material having infrared reflection performance, such as polyethylene, polycarbonate, etc., so that, in this case, the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100 does not need to be further provided with a light absorbing coating, or, when the solar heat collecting cover 100 is formed by a one-way light transmittance material, the light absorbing coating may be formed by an infrared reflection material; when the solar collector enclosure 100 is formed of an infrared reflective material, the light absorbing coating can be formed of a unidirectional light transmitting material. Therefore, the unidirectional light-transmitting material can enable light rays to be emitted into the solar heat-collecting cover from the outside, and the light rays cannot be transmitted out of the solar heat-collecting cover, so that the light-absorbing coating formed by the unidirectional light-transmitting material can reduce the loss of solar energy emitted into the solar heat-collecting cover, and the utilization rate of the solar energy is improved; specifically, the infrared reflection material can better limit infrared light in sunlight which enters the heat collection cover inside the heat collection cover, so that heat in the infrared light can be better utilized, the light absorption coating can improve the heat energy ratio for water evaporation, and the utilization rate of solar energy is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the cooling unit 400 is disposed outside the solar heat collecting cover 100, and may cool the outer surface of the solar heat collecting cover 100. Thus, the cooling unit 400 can promote the condensation of the water vapor in the solar heat collecting cover 100 on the inner wall 140 of the solar heat collecting cover 100, thereby further improving the water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the cooling unit 400 may include a shower head 410 and a water pump 420, the shower head 410 being disposed at the top of the solar heat collecting cover 110, the water pump 420 being used to suck seawater of a certain depth and supply the seawater to the shower head 410. Therefore, when the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device 1000 is directly placed on the sea for use, the water pump 420 may pump a certain depth of seawater with a low temperature and supply the seawater to the shower head 410 (the direction of seawater supply is shown as g in fig. 4)1、g2Direction), the colder seawater cools the outer surface of the solar heat collection enclosure 100 (the colder seawater may be along n shown in fig. 4)1And n2Is flowing in the direction of (a). The specific heat capacity of the seawater is large, so that the temperature of the seawater at a certain depth is low, and the seawater can be used for cooling the solar heat collecting cover 100, and the water suction pump 420 can meet the cooling requirement only by sucking the seawater at a shallow position, so that the water suction pump does not need to consume excessive energy. Therefore, the cooling unit can cool the solar heat collecting cover 100 by using the existing seawater with lower temperature, further simplifies the structure of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device 1000, saves the seawater desalination cost, can improve the effect of water vapor condensation, and further improves the seawater desalination efficiency.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 5, this solar photothermal conversion purifier 1000 can further include: a plurality of support frames 600 for supporting the solar heat collecting cover 100, wherein the plurality of support frames 600 can be opened and closed. Specifically, a plurality of support frames 600 may be disposed on an inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100; specifically, when the solar heat collecting cover formed by polycarbonate, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, etc. is flexible, the support frame 600 can better support and fix the solar heat collecting cover 100, maintain the semi-ellipsoidal shape of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and the plurality of support frames 600 can drive the solar heat collecting cover 100 to be folded, thereby further facilitating the transportation, use, etc. of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device. Specifically, the plurality of supporting frames 600 may be an umbrella frame structure, thereby further facilitating the folding and the use of the solar heat collecting cover 100. Specifically, the plurality of support frames 600 may be formed of a rigid material, for example, a stainless steel tube. Specifically, the plurality of support frames 600 may be uniformly distributed in the interior of the solar collecting cover 100, and thus, the solar collecting cover 100 may be well supported.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the isolation heating layer 700 is located inside the solar heat collection enclosure 100 and is disposed at the evaporation plane 110 of the solar heat collection enclosure 100. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the size, shape, and number of the isolation heating layer 700 are not particularly limited as long as they are located at the evaporation plane 110 and can contact the water surface pq. Specifically, as described previously, the evaporation plane 110 may be circular, and thus, referring to fig. 6, the plan view of the isolation heating layer 700 may also be circular, and the diameter of the isolation heating layer 700 (referring to the diameter T shown in fig. 6) may be the same as the diameter of the evaporation plane 110. Therefore, the isolation heating layer 700 can absorb water as much as possible, and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is improved. In particular, the diameter of the circular isolation heating layer 700 may also be smaller than the diameter of the evaporation plane 110. Specifically, the top view of the isolation heating layer 700 may also be square, for example, it may be square. Specifically, this isolation heating layer 700 also can include a plurality of sub-isolation heating layers, for example, when this isolation heating layer 700's base member includes timber, can be with timber along its growth direction preparation for the structure according to the isolation heating layer of the utility model discloses a (sub-isolation heating layer promptly), then can place a plurality of sub-isolation heating layers on the surface of water of evaporation plane 110 correspondence department of solar energy heat collection cover 100 to form isolation heating layer 700, and the isolation heating layer 700 who forms can cover the most surface of water of evaporation plane 110 department, consequently, this isolation heating layer 700 absorbs water more, can improve this solar photothermal conversion purifier's water purification efficiency (for example desalination efficiency).
According to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 6 (fig. 2 may be a cross-sectional view along GG' direction in fig. 6), the isolation heating layer 700 includes a substrate 710, the substrate 710 has a hole 720 inside, when the isolation heating layer 700 contacts with the water surface, the water on the water surface pq can enter the isolation heating layer 700 from "bottom" to "top" direction as shown in the figure, the substrate 710 has a photothermal conversion material 730, the photothermal conversion material 730 is at least disposed on one side of the substrate 710 away from the water surface pq, the photothermal conversion material 730 can absorb solar energy, generate local high temperature around the substrate 710, and promote the evaporation of the water around the substrate. Specifically, light and heat conversion material 730 can set up in pore 720, from this, the heat that is favorable to light and heat conversion material 730 to produce heats the water in pore 720, promotes the evaporation of being heated of water in pore 720, has avoided the heat that this light and heat conversion material and solar energy collection cover collected to heat whole water, causes the problem that heating evaporation efficiency is low and heat loss is serious, therefore, should keep apart heating layer 700 and improve water evaporation efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the base 710 is not particularly limited as long as it has a hole therein, which can absorb water. Specifically, the material forming the substrate 710 may include at least one of a porous material, an aerogel, a carbon material, and an organic fiber, for example, a polymer porous material, a natural wood, etc., which have a wide source and a low price, and can reduce the cost of water purification (e.g., seawater desalination). Specifically, the material forming the substrate 710 may include wood, which has natural pores along the direction in which the fibers thereof extend, and which itself has light absorbing properties (i.e., light-heat conversion properties) after carbonization, so that the substrate 710 is formed from wood at low cost and has good water absorbing properties.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the photothermal conversion material is not particularly limited as long as it has photothermal conversion performance, and can absorb solar energy and generate heat energy well. Specifically, the photothermal conversion material may include at least one of metal nanoparticles, carbon materials, plasmonic materials, and semiconductor materials, for example, nanoparticles of metals such as Ag, Au, Pt, Fe, Cu, Mn, Al, or composites thereof, for example, nano silver, nano gold, or the like; may be carbon fiber, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotube, etc. Therefore, the materials have wide sources and low price, and can reduce the cost of purified water (such as seawater desalination); in addition, the photothermal conversion material has high solar energy utilization rate, can generate high temperature around the photothermal conversion material, promotes the water evaporation inside the isolation heating layer, and further improves the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency). According to an embodiment of the present invention, metal nanoparticles such as nano silver may be deposited in natural pores of wood, and thus, the isolation heating layer 700 may be simply formed.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7 to 11, the isolation heating layer 700 may include a photo-thermal conversion portion 20 and a heat insulating portion 10, the inside of the heat insulating portion 10 has a through hole 11, the heat insulating portion 10 contacts with the water surface pq, and may absorb water into the through hole 11, the photo-thermal conversion portion 20 contacts with the heat insulating portion 10, and may heat at least an opening of the heat insulating portion 10 away from the through hole 11 on one side of the water surface pq. Therefore, the heat insulating part 10 can absorb water into the inside thereof well, and the photothermal conversion part 20 can heat and evaporate at least water at the opening of the through hole 11 (i.e., at the interface where the heat insulating part 10 and the photothermal conversion part 20 are in contact with each other), thereby further improving the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material (refer to the photothermal conversion material described above) forming the photothermal conversion portion 20 may include at least one of metal nanoparticles, a carbon material, a plasmon material, and a semiconductor material; the material forming the thermal insulation portion 10 (refer to the material forming the matrix as described above) may include at least one of a porous polymer material, aerogel, a carbon material, and an organic fiber. Therefore, the material for forming the isolation heating layer has wide sources and low price, the cost of water purification (such as seawater desalination) can be reduced, and the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination) can be improved.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific shape, material, etc. of the heat insulating part 10 and the photothermal conversion part 20 are not particularly limited as long as the heat insulating part 10 can absorb water well and separate the entire water body from the photothermal conversion part 20, and the photothermal conversion part 20 can heat the water inside the heat insulating part 10 in contact therewith.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 7, the heat insulating part 10 and the photothermal conversion part 20 may be stacked, and the photothermal conversion part 20 may be disposed at the top of the heat insulating part 10 (refer to the "top" direction shown in the drawing). Specifically, the heat insulating part 10 may be wood, may be a porous organic polymer material, aerogel, or the like, and the photothermal conversion part 20 may be metal nanoparticles, may be a carbon material, such as carbon black, carbon fiber, graphite, graphene, or the like. For example, the photothermal conversion section 20 formed of carbon fibers may be bonded to the top of the heat insulating section formed of a porous organic polymer material to form the insulating and heating section 700 stacked in layers. Therefore, the heat insulation part 10 can absorb water well, and can separate the photothermal conversion part 20 from the whole water body, so as to prevent the photothermal conversion part 20 and a solar heat collection cover (not shown) from heating the whole water body; the photothermal conversion part 20 has good light absorption performance, i.e., solar energy can be fully utilized to generate heat energy, and then the interface where the photothermal conversion part 20 and the heat insulation part 10 are contacted can be heated, i.e., water at the top opening of the through hole 11 can be heated, so that evaporation of the water is promoted, and the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency) are further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, the heat insulating part 10 may be cup-shaped, a bottom of the cup-shaped heat insulating part 10 (refer to a "bottom" direction shown in the drawing) contacts with the water surface pq, and the photothermal conversion part 20 is disposed inside the heat insulating part 10. Therefore, the cup-shaped heat insulation part 10 can well absorb water, and can wrap the photothermal conversion part 20 to separate the photothermal conversion part 20 from the whole water body, so that the photothermal conversion part 20 and a solar heat collection cover (not shown in the figure) are prevented from heating the whole water body; this light and heat conversion portion 20 can utilize solar energy to produce heat energy, and then can heat the interface department that this light and heat conversion portion 20 and thermal-insulated portion 10 contacted, can heat the water of the open-top department of the through-hole 11A of this bottom of cup promptly, promotes its evaporation, has further improved solar energy utilization ratio and water purification efficiency (for example sea water desalination efficiency). Specifically, the water absorbed in the through hole 11B in the wall of the cup-shaped heat insulating part 10 may flow out of the through hole 11B after reaching the top of the through hole 11B, and may contact the photothermal conversion part 20, so that the photothermal conversion part 20 may heat and evaporate the water, thereby further improving the water evaporation efficiency. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific shape of the cup-shaped heat insulating part 10 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, hemispherical, semi-ellipsoidal, conical, or cylindrical. The "cup bottom" of the heat insulating part having the above shape is the apex of the heat insulating part having a hemispherical shape, a semi-ellipsoidal shape, or a conical shape, or a circular bottom of the heat insulating part having a cylindrical shape.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 9, the thermal insulation part 10 may include a capillary tube 12, a bottom portion (referring to a "bottom" direction shown in the drawing) of the capillary tube 12 being in contact with the water surface pq, and a top portion of the capillary tube 12 being provided with the photothermal conversion part 10. Accordingly, the capillary tube 12 can absorb water well, and the photothermal conversion part 10 can heat and evaporate the water absorbed by the capillary tube 12 to the top of the capillary tube 12, thereby further improving the solar energy utilization rate and the water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency). Specifically, the number of the capillaries 12 is not particularly limited, and may be one, may be plural; specifically, the photothermal conversion part 20 may further include a stage (not shown in the figure) disposed on the top of the capillary tube 12, and the photothermal conversion material, for example, a carbon material may be placed on the stage, and the stage has an opening communicating with the capillary tube 12, and the water absorbed by the capillary tube 12 may flow onto the stage through the opening and contact with the photothermal conversion material on the stage, and then the photothermal conversion material may heat the water to promote evaporation thereof.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 10 and 11, the thermal insulation part 10 and the photothermal conversion part 20 may constitute a box-shaped structure, wherein the photothermal conversion part 20 forms a top surface of the box-shaped structure (refer to a "top" direction shown in the drawings), the thermal insulation part 10 forms four side surfaces of the box-shaped structure (refer to fig. 10 and fig. 10 as a cross-sectional view), or forms four side surfaces and a bottom surface of the box-shaped structure (refer to fig. 11 and fig. 11 as a cross-sectional view). Therefore, the heat insulation part 10 can absorb water into the heat insulation part 10, and the heat insulation part 10 can separate the photothermal conversion part 20 from the whole water body, specifically, referring to fig. 10, water absorbed in the through hole 11 of the heat insulation part 10 can flow out of the through hole 11 after flowing to the top of the through hole 11, and can contact with the photothermal conversion part 20, so that the photothermal conversion part 20 can heat and evaporate the water, and further improve the water evaporation efficiency. Specifically, referring to fig. 11, after the water absorbed in the through holes 11B in the four sides of the thermal insulation part 10 reaches the top of the through holes 11B, the water may flow out of the through holes 11B and may contact the photothermal conversion part 20, so that the photothermal conversion part 20 may heat and evaporate the water; the through holes 11A in the bottom surface of the heat insulating part 10 may communicate with the through holes 11B in the four side surfaces, and therefore, the water absorbed by the through holes 11A in the bottom surface of the heat insulating part 10 may flow through the through holes 11B in the four side surfaces to the top of the through holes 11B, may flow out of the through holes 11B, and may contact the photothermal conversion part 20, and thus, the photothermal conversion part 20 may heat-evaporate the water.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 12, the base body 710 is formed of wood, one end of the wood is carbonized (refer to the top end shown in the drawing) along the direction in which the fibers extend in the wood (i.e., the top-bottom direction shown in the drawing), and metal nanoparticles (i.e., the photothermal conversion material 730) are filled in the pores 720 of the carbonized wood, that is, the upper portion of the wood-formed base body 710, which is carbonized, and the metal nanoparticles therein together form the photothermal conversion part 20, the lower portion of the wood, which is not carbonized, forms the heat insulating part 10, and the photothermal conversion part 20 and the heat insulating part 10 are arranged "one on another". Therefore, the wood is cheap and easy to obtain, a plurality of natural pores 720 are formed among fibers in the wood, the wood can fully absorb water, the carbonized wood has a certain light absorption effect, and the metal nanoparticles (namely the photothermal conversion material 730) in the pores 720 can generate high temperature around the carbonized wood after absorbing solar energy, so that the water in the pores is further promoted to be heated and evaporated, and the solar energy utilization rate and the water evaporation efficiency are further improved.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the isolation zone of heating still can be for various bionic structures, for example tree, mushroom etc..
According to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 13, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device 1000 further includes a heating unit 300, the heating unit 300 can be disposed inside the solar heat collecting cover 100, and is located on one side of the isolation heating layer 700 close to the water surface. Specifically, the straight line pq shown in fig. 13 is the water surface (e.g., sea surface), the solar heat collecting cover 100 is placed above the water surface, the isolation heating layer 700 is disposed at the evaporation plane 110 and above the water surface pq, and the isolation heating layer 700 can absorb water into the isolation heating layer 700 through the hole 720, so that the heat energy collected by the solar heat collecting cover 100 and the heat generated by the photothermal conversion material 730 can better promote the evaporation of water inside the isolation heating layer 700, and the heating unit 300 can be placed at a certain distance below the isolation heating layer 700, so that the heating unit 300 can heat the water surface region corresponding to the isolation heating layer 700 and the water inside the isolation heating layer 700, further promote the evaporation of water inside the isolation heating layer 700, and further improve the water purification efficiency (e.g., seawater desalination efficiency). According to an embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the heating unit 300 is not particularly limited, for example, the heating unit 300 may be an electric heating pipe, and may also be a hot water pipe, etc.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 14, the heating unit 300 may include: the solar heating plate 310, the water tank 320 and the heating pipe 330, wherein the heating pipe 330 is disposed below the isolation heating layer 700, the solar heating plate 310 can heat water in the water tank 320, the water tank 320 has a water tank outlet 10 and a water tank inlet 20, the heating pipe 330 has a hot water inlet 30 and a cold water outlet 40, the hot water inlet 30 is connected to the water tank outlet 10, and the cold water outlet 40 is connected to the water tank inlet 20. Therefore, the solar heating panel 310 can heat the water in the water tank 320, the heated hot water can be supplied to the heating pipe 330 through the water tank outlet 10 in the directions indicated by arrows f1 and f2 in the drawing, the hot water can heat the water at the evaporation plane 110 to promote the evaporation of the water at the isolation heating layer 700, and the water in the heating pipe 330 can be cooled by the water and then supplied to the water tank 320 through the cold water outlet 40 for circulation heating, so that the heating unit 300 can provide hot water for the heating pipe 330 by using free solar energy level, and the water in the water tank can directly use the existing seawater, thereby further saving energy and reducing the cost of seawater desalination. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment can control and adjust the hydrothermal temperature in water tank and the heating tube to heat water betterly, promote its evaporation, it is specific, the temperature of the water of evaporation plane department after the heating can be less than 60 ℃.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the heating pipe 330 is not particularly limited, for example, the heating pipe 330 may be spiral-shaped, so that the spiral-shaped heating pipe 330 has a better heat transfer effect, and can better heat the water at the evaporation plane 110. Specifically, the outer surface of the heating pipe 330 is black. Therefore, the heating pipe 330 with the black outer surface can reduce heat loss, so that hot water in the heating pipe 330 can be heated for a long time, and the solar energy utilization rate is further improved.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 15, this solar photothermal conversion purifier can further stabilizer anchor 510, and stabilizer anchor 510 is used for fixing solar energy collection cover 100 in the specific position department on the surface of water. Specifically, the stabilizing anchor 510 may be connected to the top of the solar collector enclosure 100 by a positioning string 520 (referring to fig. 15, the stabilizing anchor 510 extends from the top B of the solar collector enclosure 100 to below the water level pq by the positioning string 520); the stabilizer anchor 510 may also be connected to the bottom of the fresh water collection tank 120 (not shown). Therefore, the stabilizing anchor 510 can fix the solar heat collecting cover 100 at a certain position on the water surface, so as to prevent the solar heat collecting cover 100 from being blown over by wind waves and the like, improve the structure and the use stability of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and further improve the use performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 16, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification apparatus may further include a stabilizing plate 610 and a fixing plate 620, wherein the stabilizing plate 610 is fixed on the inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100 by the fixing plate 620, and the stabilizing plate 610 is perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110 and has a portion that can extend into the water body below the evaporation plane 110 (i.e., the horizontal plane pq). Specifically, as shown in fig. 16, the stabilizing plate 610 may extend from the inside of the solar heat collecting cover 100 to below the water surface pq along a direction perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110 (i.e., perpendicular to the water surface pq), the fixing plate 620 may be fixed between the side walls of the opposite fresh water collecting tanks 120, and the stabilizing plate 610 may be fixed perpendicularly and crosswise to the fixing plate 620, so that the fixing connection between the stabilizing plate 610 and the solar heat collecting cover 100 may be easily achieved, the stabilizing plate 610 may not only fix the solar heat collecting cover 100 on the water surface well, but also has a function of resisting wind and waves, may prevent the solar heat collecting cover 100 from being blown over by wind and waves, etc., improve the structure and the stability of the solar heat collecting cover 100, and further improve the usability of the solar photo-thermal conversion and purification apparatus.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the stabilizing plate 610 is not particularly limited, and may include at least one of plastic, stainless steel, and aluminum alloy. Therefore, the material is light in weight and has good corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, referring to fig. 17, when this solar energy light-heat conversion purifier uses in the open air such as on the sea, this solar energy light-heat conversion purifier can further include anti unrestrained board 800, and anti unrestrained board 800 sets up in the inside of solar energy collection cover 100, and anti unrestrained board 800 includes a plurality of interconnect and the anti unrestrained daughter board 810 that the interval set up, and a plurality of anti unrestrained daughter boards 810 are perpendicular to evaporation plane 110 (be perpendicular to surface of water pq) and set up, and can float on the surface of water. Specifically, as shown in fig. 17, the plurality of wave resisting plates 810 are connected by the connecting string 820, and the plurality of wave resisting plates 820 are perpendicular to the evaporation plane 110 (i.e., perpendicular to the water surface pq) and extend below the water surface pq. Therefore, the wave-resisting sub-plates 810 can counteract the water waves inside the solar heat-collecting cover 100, prevent the solar heat-collecting cover 100 from being turned over by the wind waves (especially the wind waves entering the solar heat-collecting cover 100), further improve the stability of the solar heat-collecting cover 100, and further improve the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the height of the wave-resisting plate 810 may be 5cm to 50cm, specifically, preferably 10 cm to 30cm, may be 15cm, may be 20cm, may be 25cm, and the like. Therefore, when the height of the wave-resistant sub-plate 810 is within the above range, the wave-resistant sub-plate has a good function of counteracting wind waves, the use stability of the solar heat collection cover 100 is further improved, and the use performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material forming the wave-resistant plate 810 is not particularly limited, and may include at least one of plastic, stainless steel and aluminum alloy, for example, may include plastic foam, and the wave-resistant plate formed by the material may better float on the water surface. Therefore, the material is light in weight and has good corrosion resistance, and the service performance of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device is further improved. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this solar photothermal conversion purifier can further include the fan, and the fan sets up in evaporation plane's top to utilize the inside air of this solar energy collection cover to form the air current circulation. Therefore, after the fan forms airflow circulation inside the solar heat collection cover, the fan can accelerate the water vapor to move to the top of the solar heat collection cover and condense along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, so that the evaporation and condensation of the water vapor are accelerated, and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) is further improved.
According to the utility model discloses a specific type of fan is not restricted by specially, as long as can form the aqueous vapor circulation in solar energy collection cover's inside can, for example, can be axial fan, can be fan etc.. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the figure of fan is not restricted in particular, can include at least 1 fan for example, can be 2, 3, 4 etc.. Specifically, when the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device comprises 4 fans, the 4 fans can be symmetrically arranged with each other and arranged around the center of an evaporation plane inside the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, 4 axial fans can form water-air microcirculation inside the solar heat collection cover, so that the water vapor moves towards the top of the solar heat collection cover and is condensed along the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, the evaporation and condensation of the water vapor are accelerated, and the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) is further improved. Specifically, after the fan is added into the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device, the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) can be remarkably improved, for example, the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency) can be improved by about 10%. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, preceding stabilizer anchor except can be connected it and solar energy collection cover through the location rope, also can be connected through the body of rod (be well core rod) and solar energy collection cover to extend to the surface of water below, and according to the utility model discloses the fan of embodiment can be fixed on stabilizer anchor's well core rod. Therefore, the fan can be fixed simply.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, this solar photothermal conversion purifier can also include the kickboard, the kickboard can set up the outside at this solar energy collection cover, for example, the kickboard can be for the ring shape around solar energy collection cover a week, therefore, this kickboard can provide buoyancy for this solar energy collection cover, help this solar energy collection cover to float on the surface of water, and be favorable to fixing this solar energy collection cover in the specific position department on the surface of water and carry out the water purification, for example when this solar photothermal conversion purifier is used for sewage treatment, this kickboard can fix the solar energy collection cover on the surface of water portably, this solar photothermal conversion purifier's performance has further been improved.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, when this solar energy collection cover's size is great, for example this solar energy thermal conversion purifier can further include the maintenance unit when the bottom surface diameter of this solar energy collection cover is tens of meters or even hundreds of meters, this solar energy thermal conversion purifier can set up in this solar energy collection cover, so that monitor the inside working condition of this solar energy collection cover, and can be used to concrete such as equipment maintenance, this maintenance unit can include the access door, access way and maintenance platform, the access door can set up on this solar energy collection cover's lateral wall, access way and maintenance platform can extend to this solar energy collection cover's inside from this access door. For example, the service passage may be an annular passage fixed inside the solar collector enclosure. Specifically, the size of the access door is not particularly limited, and for example, the size of the access door may be suitable for access by an access person for inspection, maintenance of equipment, and the like. The number of the access doors is not particularly limited, for example, the access doors can be one or two, the access doors can be used as access passages of the access personnel and can also be used as ventilation ports, the internal heat dissipation and cooling of the solar heat collection cover can be facilitated, so that the access personnel can safely enter the access doors, and the safety accidents such as explosion caused by the fact that the temperature inside the solar heat collection cover is too high and the like can be avoided. More specifically, two access doors can set up relatively, for example one can regard as the maintainer to enter the mouth, and another can regard as the maintainer to export, and from this, two access doors that set up relatively not only are convenient for the maintainer work to two access doors have better ventilation effect when opening simultaneously, help giving solar energy collection cover inside cooling etc. sooner. Specifically, the access door can be arranged on the inner wall, close to the fresh water collecting tank, of the solar heat collecting cover, and the access passage can be arranged above the fresh water collecting tank.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, except that preceding the access door can regard as the scavenge port, this solar energy collection cover can further include exhaust unit, and is concrete, and this exhaust unit can include gas vent and fan, and is concrete, and this gas vent can set up at solar energy collection cover's top, and the fan can set up in this gas vent department, from this, rotates through this fan, can give this solar energy collection cover heat dissipation cooling etc. betterly, avoids the inside high temperature of this solar energy collection cover, accidents such as emergence explosion.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, in order to further improve this solar energy collection cover's safety in utilization, this solar photothermal conversion purifier can further include the explosion-proof lamp, and the explosion-proof lamp can set up the inside at this solar energy collection cover to carry out real-time supervision to the inside environment of this solar energy collection cover, avoid taking place incident etc..
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device has wider application scene, can be used as a seawater desalination device, and has higher seawater desalination efficiency; the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device can be used for purifying high-salt water, purifying sewage and the like, free solar energy is utilized and converted into heat energy, and the heat energy can promote evaporation and condensation of water, namely, distilled purified water can be obtained, so that the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device has good water purifying efficiency and can reduce sewage treatment cost.
To sum up, according to the utility model discloses solar photothermal conversion purifier, through designing the solar energy collection cover of a semiellipsoid shape to this solar energy collection cover's polar radius is greater than the equator radius (the length of b axle is greater than an axle promptly), and this solar photothermal conversion purifier can directly place and use on the surface of water (for example, the sea), and this solar photothermal conversion purifier simple structure, low cost, convenient to use, and solar energy high-usage, water purification efficiency (for example, sea water desalination efficiency) is high.
For the convenience of understanding, the following describes a method for purifying water by using the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device according to the embodiment of the present invention. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this method includes: placing a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover on the water surface, wherein the b axis of the solar heat collection cover is vertical to the water surface; the pore canal in the isolation heating layer absorbs the water on the water surface to one side of the isolation heating layer facing the inner surface of the solar heat collection cover, and heats the water absorbed into the isolation heating layer by utilizing the heat collected by the solar heat collection cover and the heat collected by the isolation heating layer, and evaporates the water; cooling the outer surface of the solar heat collection cover by using a cooling unit; the evaporated water vapor is condensed along the arc-shaped inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, and the condensed fresh water flows into a fresh water collecting tank arranged at the bottom. Therefore, the method can simply and conveniently carry out water purification (such as seawater desalination), has high water evaporation efficiency and solar energy utilization rate, and has lower water purification cost.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this solar photothermal conversion purifier further includes the heating element, and this method can further include: the solar heating plate heats water in the water tank, and the heated hot water is supplied to a hot water inlet of a heating pipe arranged on one side of the isolation heating layer close to the water surface from a water outlet of the water tank; after the hot water in the heating pipe is cooled, the hot water is supplied to a water tank water inlet of the water return tank through a cold water outlet of the heating pipe. Therefore, the heating unit can heat water at the evaporation plane together with the solar heat collection cover and the photothermal conversion material in the isolation heating layer, further promotes water evaporation, and improves water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency). According to the utility model discloses an embodiment can control and adjust the hydrothermal temperature in heating pipe and the water tank to heat water betterly, promote its evaporation, it is specific, the temperature of the water of the evaporation plane department after the heating can be less than 60 ℃.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this method can further include: the water suction pump sucks seawater at a certain depth and supplies the seawater with lower temperature at the certain depth to the spray header arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover. Therefore, the cooling unit can utilize the existing seawater with lower temperature to cool the solar heat collection cover, can promote the condensation of water vapor in the solar heat collection cover on the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, further improves the water purification efficiency (such as seawater desalination efficiency), further simplifies the structure of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device, and saves the seawater desalination cost.
The solution of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications.
Example 1: manufacturing method of solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device with semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover and isolation heating layer
The solar collector dome structure can be seen in fig. 1, 4-5 and 15-17, the semi-ellipsoidal solar collector dome 100 is formed from a polyethylene film, the equatorial plane of the solar collector dome 100 is circular, and the length ratio of the b-axis to the a-axis (i.e., the length ratio of the polar radius to the equatorial radius) of the solar collector dome is 3: 2. The inner wall of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is provided with 16 stainless steel tube supporting frames 600 (refer to fig. 5, the structure is similar to an umbrella frame, and the solar heat collecting cover can be folded), and the inner wall 140 of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is provided with a one-way light-transmitting coating and a coating formed by an infrared reflecting coating. The folded part of the bottom of the solar heat collecting cover 100 is perpendicular to the sea surface to form a fresh water collecting tank 120, the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank 120 is provided with a fresh water outlet 130, and the fresh water outlet 130 is connected with an external fresh water storage unit 200. The fresh water collection trough 120 is circular in shape at the evaporation plane 110 defined by the bottom of the solar collector enclosure 100.
The structure of the isolation heating layer can be obtained by cutting basswood into a rectangular parallelepiped block along the growth direction thereof with reference to fig. 12, wherein the thickness direction is perpendicular to the growth direction. And (3) boiling the cut basswood in deionized water for 30 minutes, and drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for later use. Heating the iron block with flat surface in a muffle furnace to 500 ℃ and keeping the temperature constant, opening a furnace door, pressing one surface of the dried wood block on the iron block, carbonizing for 10s, taking out, closing the furnace door, repeating the carbonizing process for 3 times after the furnace temperature is recovered to 500 ℃, and thus obtaining the carbonized-non-carbonized double-layer wood. And soaking the carbonized-non-carbonized double-layer wood block in a tin dichloride solution, finally, slowly dripping a silver nitrate standard solution into the solution, and reacting for 10 minutes at room temperature under the ultrasonic action to ensure that nano silver particles are fully deposited. And finally, taking out the wood block deposited with the nano silver particles, and drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to prepare the nano silver modified sub-isolation heating layer with the carbonized-non-carbonized double-layer structure. And finally, horizontally splicing a plurality of sub-isolation heating layers to form the isolation heating layer.
The prepared isolation heating layer is placed on the water surface, then the solar heat collection cover is placed on the water surface, and the isolation heating layer is located inside the solar heat collection cover, namely located at the evaporation plane of the solar heat collection cover. Referring to fig. 4, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device further includes a shower head 410 disposed on the top of the solar heat collecting cover 100 and communicated with seawater through a suction pump 420. Referring to fig. 15-17, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification apparatus further comprises a plurality of stable anchors 510, specifically, one stable anchor 510 extends downwards from the top B point of the solar heat collecting cover 100 to the sea water, and another 4 stable anchors (not shown) respectively extend from the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank 120 to the sea water, the whole apparatus is fixed at a specific position on the water surface by the stable anchors 510 and is kept stable by the stable plate 610, and the influence of waves or surges on the system fresh water is reduced by the anti-wave plate 800.
Comparative example 1: manufacturing method of solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device with semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collecting cover
The other manufacturing methods are the same as the embodiment 1, except that the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device only comprises a semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover and does not comprise an isolation heating layer.
Comparative example 2: manufacturing method of solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device with hemispherical solar heat collecting cover
The other manufacturing modes are the same as the comparative example 1, except that the solar heat collecting cover of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device is hemispherical.
Water purification Performance test
The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification devices in the embodiment 1, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 are placed at the adjacent positions of the same sea surface at the afternoon (the air temperature is 28-30 ℃) in a sunny day, seawater desalination is carried out, and the amount of fresh water collected in the fresh water collecting tank is monitored in real time. After a period of time, the solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device produces stable water (namely, the quality of fresh water increased per minute is a certain value), and tests are carried out: the total amount of the fresh water generated by each solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device within a certain time is measured, and the total amount is converted into the quality of the fresh water generated per square meter per hour, namely the water yield, namely the seawater desalination efficiency. The test results of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 1 show that the water yield of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device with the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover and the isolation heating layer in the example 1 is 25% -40% higher than that of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device with only the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover in the comparative example 1; in addition, the test result comparing the comparative example 1 with the comparative example 2 shows that the water yield of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device with the semi-ellipsoidal solar heat collection cover in the comparative example 1 is about 22% -30% higher than that of the solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device with the hemispherical solar heat collection cover in the comparative example 2.
And the natural evaporation capacity of the water surface was measured to be 60 g/(m)2h) The isolation heating layer in example 1 was placed on the water surface, and the water surface evaporation amount at the isolation heating layer was measured to be 510 g/(m)2h) In that respect From the test results, the solar heat collection cover with the isolation heating layer according to the embodiment of the invention has a water evaporation rate much higher than the natural evaporation capacity of the water surface.
To sum up, according to the utility model discloses solar photothermal conversion purifier with semi-ellipsoidal solar energy collection cover and isolation zone of heating has higher solar energy utilization ratio, and has higher water purification efficiency (the sea water desalination efficiency promptly). The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and the technical idea of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention, which can be right to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "outer", "inner", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (28)

1. The utility model provides a solar photothermal conversion purifier which characterized in that includes:
the solar heat collection cover is semi-ellipsoidal, a fresh water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, an evaporation plane is defined at the bottom of the solar heat collection cover by the fresh water collecting tank, a fresh water outlet is formed in the fresh water collecting tank, the fresh water outlet is connected with a fresh water storage unit, the length of a b axis of the solar heat collection cover is greater than that of an a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane;
the isolation heating layer is positioned inside the solar heat collection cover and arranged at the evaporation plane, the isolation heating layer comprises a base body, a pore passage is formed inside the base body, and a photothermal conversion material is arranged in the base body at least on one side of the base body, which is far away from the evaporation plane; and
a cooling unit disposed outside the solar heat collection enclosure.
2. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, wherein the length ratio of the b-axis to the a-axis of the solar heat collection cover is (6: 5) - (2: 1).
3. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover is provided with a light absorption coating.
4. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 3, wherein said light absorbing coating comprises a one-way light transmitting material or an infrared reflecting material.
5. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, wherein the material forming the solar heat collection cover comprises polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and derivatives thereof, or glass.
6. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, wherein the fresh water collecting tank is integrally formed with the solar heat collecting cover, and the fresh water collecting tank is annular.
7. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling unit comprises:
the spray header is arranged at the top of the solar heat collection cover; and
a suction pump for pumping seawater at a certain depth and supplying the seawater to the shower head.
8. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1,
the matrix comprises a porous material, aerogel, carbon material or organic fiber;
the photothermal conversion material includes metal nanoparticles, a carbon material, a plasmon material, or a semiconductor material.
9. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, wherein said isolation heating layer comprises a photothermal conversion portion and a heat insulating portion, wherein a through hole is provided inside said heat insulating portion, said heat insulating portion is in contact with said evaporation plane, and said photothermal conversion portion is in contact with said heat insulating portion.
10. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 9, wherein the photothermal conversion part and the heat insulating part are laminated.
11. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 9, wherein said heat insulating part is cup-shaped, a bottom of said cup-shaped heat insulating part is in contact with said evaporation plane, and said photothermal conversion part is disposed inside said cup-shaped heat insulating part.
12. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 9, wherein the heat insulation part comprises a capillary tube, the bottom of the capillary tube is in contact with the evaporation plane, and the top of the capillary tube is provided with the photothermal conversion part.
13. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 9, wherein said thermal insulation part and said photothermal conversion part form a box-shaped structure, wherein said photothermal conversion part forms a top surface of said box-shaped structure, and said thermal insulation part forms four side surfaces of said box-shaped structure, or forms said four side surfaces and a bottom surface of said box-shaped structure.
14. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 9, wherein a material forming the photo-thermal conversion portion comprises metal nanoparticles, a carbon material, a plasmonic material, or a semiconductor material;
the material forming the thermal insulation portion includes a porous material, aerogel, carbon material, or organic fiber.
15. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, wherein said substrate is formed of wood, one end of said wood is carbonized along the direction in which the fibers in said wood extend, and the pores of said carbonized wood are filled with metal nanoparticles.
16. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a heating unit that can heat the isolation heating layer.
17. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 16, wherein the heating unit comprises: a solar heating panel operable to heat water in a water tank, the water tank having a water tank inlet and a water tank outlet; and
can be right the isolation zone of heating carries out the heating pipe that heats, the heating pipe has hot water inlet and cold water delivery port, the hot water inlet with the water tank delivery port links to each other, the cold water delivery port with the water tank water inlet links to each other.
18. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 17, wherein said heating tube is spiral, and the color of the outer surface of said heating tube is black.
19. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the stable anchor is connected with at least one of the top of the solar heat collection cover and the bottom of the fresh water collecting tank.
20. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, further comprising: the floating plate is arranged outside the solar heat collection cover.
21. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, further comprising: a stabilising plate secured to the inner wall of the solar collector enclosure by a securing plate, the stabilising plate being perpendicular to the evaporation plane and partially extendable into the body of water below the evaporation plane.
22. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, further comprising: the anti-wave plate is arranged in the solar heat collection cover and can float on the sea surface, the anti-wave plate comprises a plurality of anti-wave sub-plates which are connected with one another and arranged at intervals, and the anti-wave sub-plates are perpendicular to the evaporation plane.
23. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device of claim 21, wherein the material forming the stabilizing plate comprises plastic, stainless steel or aluminum alloy.
24. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device of claim 22, wherein the material forming the wave-resistant plate comprises plastic, stainless steel or aluminum alloy.
25. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 24, wherein the height of the wave-resistant board is 5cm to 50 cm.
26. The solar photo-thermal conversion water purification device according to claim 1, further comprising:
at least one fan, the fan sets up in the top of evaporation plane.
27. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device according to claim 26, comprising 4 said fans, wherein 4 said fans are arranged symmetrically with each other and around the center of said evaporation plane inside said solar heat collection cover.
28. The solar photothermal conversion water purification device of claim 26, wherein the fan is fixed to a center rod of the stable anchor.
CN201920184603.XU 2019-02-01 2019-02-01 Solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device Active CN210340383U (en)

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CN201920184603.XU CN210340383U (en) 2019-02-01 2019-02-01 Solar photo-thermal conversion water purifying device
PCT/CN2019/126212 WO2020155903A1 (en) 2019-02-01 2019-12-18 Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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