CN110240214A - Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method for desalting seawater - Google Patents
Solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method for desalting seawater Download PDFInfo
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- CN110240214A CN110240214A CN201910105041.XA CN201910105041A CN110240214A CN 110240214 A CN110240214 A CN 110240214A CN 201910105041 A CN201910105041 A CN 201910105041A CN 110240214 A CN110240214 A CN 110240214A
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- solar energy
- water
- energy heating
- heating cover
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 325
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 180
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method for desalting seawater.Specifically, the invention proposes a kind of desalination plants, it include: the solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape, the inner wall bottom of the solar energy heating cover has fresh water collecting slot, and the fresh water collecting slot limits evaporation plane in the bottom of the solar energy heating cover, is provided with fresh water outlet mouth in the fresh water collecting slot, the fresh water outlet mouth is connected with freshwater storage unit, wherein, the length of the b axis of the solar energy heating cover is greater than a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane；And the outside of the solar energy heating cover is arranged in cooling unit, the cooling unit, and is configured as cooling down the outer surface of the solar energy heating cover.The desalination plant can be directly placed on the water surface (such as sea) and use as a result, and structure is simple, low in cost, easy to use, and solar energy utilization ratio is high, and sea water desalination is high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water treatment fields, and in particular, to a kind of solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and sea water desalination side
Method.
Background technique
Water is origin of life, and human survival life all be unable to do without water.However the world today, facing mankind it is severe light
Shortage of water resources problem.Sea water desalination can increase fresh water total amount, can preferably utilize water resource.Sea water desalination utilizes sea
Water desalination generates fresh water, and there are many kinds of the methods of sea water desalination, such as traditional freezing, the way of distillation, hyperfiltration, absorption method
Deng.The generally existing energy consumption of the above method is high and low efficiency, equipment bulky complex, with high costs and can generate a large amount of pollutants
The disadvantages of.Solar seawater desalination is a kind of emerging and development potentiality huge technology technology, and this method is provided using solar energy
Source can be from fresh water be obtained by photothermal conversion by way of evaporation in seawater, this method utilizes free and inexhaustible
Solar energy resources can reduce the energy consumption and cost of sea water desalination to a certain extent.
However, still having much room for improvement currently with the desalination plant and method for desalting seawater of solar energy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.
Inventors have found that currently with the desalination plant of solar energy, there is also structure is complicated, manufacture and run at
The problems such as this height, low solar energy utilization ratio.For example, configuration design is more multiple currently with the desalination plant of solar energy
It is miscellaneous, and efficient utilization cannot be can be carried out to the sun of absorption, such as there are a large amount of thermal dissipations loss etc., really steam for seawater
The thermal energy accounting of hair is small, further develops to limit it.Therefore, if a kind of new desalination plant, knot can be proposed
Structure is simple, easily prepared, and solar energy utilization ratio is high, and low in cost, will largely push desalination technology
It is universal, it will largely solve the above problems.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of desalination plants.According to an embodiment of the invention, should
Desalination plant includes: the solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape, and the inner wall bottom of the solar energy heating cover is received with fresh water
Collect slot, the fresh water collecting slot limits evaporation plane in the bottom of the solar energy heating cover, sets in the fresh water collecting slot
It is equipped with fresh water outlet mouth, the fresh water outlet mouth is connected with freshwater storage unit, wherein the b axis of the solar energy heating cover
Length is greater than a axis, and the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane；And cooling unit, cooling unit setting it is described too
The outside of positive energy collector mat, and be configured as cooling down the outer surface of the solar energy heating cover.The sea water desalination as a result,
Device can be directly placed on the water surface (such as sea) and use, and structure is simple, low in cost, easy to use, the cooling unit
The vapor in solar energy heating cover can be promoted to condense in the inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, and the solar energy with the shape
Collector mat is conducive to vapor and sufficiently condenses along the arc inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, the solar energy utilization ratio of the device
Height, sea water desalination are high-efficient.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the b axis of the solar energy heating cover and the length ratio of a axis are (6:5)
~(2:1).As a result, when the length ratio of the b axis of the solar energy heating cover and a axis is in the range, preferably water can be promoted to steam
Gas is sufficiently condensed along the inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, further improves the sea water desalination efficiency of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the inner wall of the solar energy heating cover is provided with light-absorbing coating.The extinction applies as a result,
Layer can preferably absorb the thermal energy in solar energy, further improve the utilization rate of solar energy.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the light-absorbing coating include Unidirectional transparent material and infrared reflective material at least
One of.The Unidirectional transparent material can be such that light injects in the solar energy heating cover from outside as a result, and light cannot be from solar energy
It is transmitted away in collector mat, so as to reduce the loss for injecting the solar energy inside the solar energy heating cover；The infrared external reflection
The infrared light being incident in the sunlight inside collector mat can be confined to inside collector mat by material, so as to preferably utilize
Heat in infrared light, the thermal energy accounting for evaporation of seawater can be improved in the light-absorbing coating as a result, further improves the sun
The utilization rate of energy.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material for forming the solar energy heating cover includes polycarbonate, polyethylene, polychlorostyrene
At least one of ethylene, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and its derivative, glass.This is too as a result,
Positive energy collector mat has preferable collection heat effect, can reduce thermal losses, can further improve the sun of solar energy heating cover
It can utilization rate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the fresh water collecting slot with the solar energy heating cover be it is integrally formed, it is described
Fresh water collecting slot is annular.The structure and preparation process of the solar energy heating cover are further simplified as a result, also, should
The fresh water collecting slot of annular can preferably collect the fresh water condensed everywhere from solar energy heating cover inner wall, further improve this
The service performance of desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the cooling unit includes: spray head, the spray head is arranged in the solar energy
The top of collector mat；And suction pump, the suction pump are used to aspirate the seawater of certain depth and by the sea water supplies to institute
State spray head.As a result, when the desalination plant is directly placed on sea in use, the suction pump can aspirate certain depth
The lower seawater of temperature, and supply it to spray head, the outer surface of the solar energy heating cover cooled down, because
This, which can use the lower seawater of existing temperature and cools down to solar energy heating cover, further simplify
The structure of the desalination plant saves sea water desalination cost.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises: heating unit, the heating unit are matched
The evaporation plane can be heated by being set to.The heating unit can add the water of the evaporation plane corresponding position as a result,
Heat further promotes evaporation of seawater, improves sea water desalination efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the heating unit includes: solar energy heating plate, the solar energy heating plate is matched
The water in water tank can be heated by being set to, and the water tank has water tank inlet and water outlet of water tank；And heating tube, it is described to add
Heat pipe is configured as that the evaporation plane can be heated, and the heating tube has water inlet of hot water and cold water water outlet,
The water inlet of hot water is connected with the water outlet of water tank, and the cold water water outlet is connected with the water tank inlet.As a result, may be used
To be heated using solar energy to the water in water tank, the hot water after heating be can be supplied into heating tube to the water at water air interface
(such as the sea at evaporation plane) is heated, and promotes the water evaporation of the water air interface at the evaporation plane, and in heating tube
Water it is cooling after can also supply recovery tank and carry out circulating-heating, thus, it is possible to further save the energy, reduce sea water desalination at
This.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the heating tube be it is spiral, the color of the outer surface of the heating tube is black
Color.The spiral heating tube can preferably heat the water at evaporation plane as a result, also, outer surface is black
Heating tube can be further improved heating efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises: being used to support the solar energy heating cover
Multiple support frames, the multiple support frame is retractable.The support frame can preferably support solar energy heating cover as a result, dimension
The shape of solar energy heating cover is held, also, multiple support frame can drive the solar energy heating cover to fold, and further facilitate the sea
The use of water desalination apparatus.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises: stablize anchor, the stable anchor and it is described too
The top of positive energy collector mat is connected at least one of the bottom of the fresh water collecting slot.The stable anchor can be by this too as a result,
Positive energy collector mat is fixed at the certain position of the water surface, is prevented the solar energy heating cover to be turned over by stormy waves, is improved the sun
The structural stability of energy collector mat, further improves the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises: steadying plate, the steadying plate pass through fixation
Plate is fixed on the inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, and the steadying plate is perpendicular to the evaporation plane and has part may extend to
Below the evaporation plane in water body.The steadying plate and fixed plate are utilized as a result, can preferably be consolidated the solar energy heating cover
It is scheduled on the water surface, the solar energy heating cover is prevented to be turned over by stormy waves, improve the structure and use of the solar energy heating cover
Stability further improves the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises: anti-wave plate, the anti-wave plate are arranged in institute
It states on the inside of solar energy heating cover and floatability and the water surface, the anti-wave plate includes multiple interconnections and spaced anti-
Prodigal's plate, multiple anti-prodigal's plates are arranged perpendicular to the evaporation plane.Multiple anti-prodigal's plates can offset solar energy as a result,
Water wave inside collector mat prevents the solar energy heating cover from being lifted by stormy waves (especially into the stormy waves inside solar energy heating cover)
It turns over, further improves the stability of the solar energy heating cover, further improve the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material for forming the steadying plate include plastics, stainless steel and aluminium alloy extremely
It is one of few.Above-mentioned material lighter weight as a result, and there is preferable corrosion resistance, further improve the desalination plant
Service performance.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material for forming anti-prodigal's plate includes plastics, stainless steel and aluminium alloy
At least one.Above-mentioned material lighter weight as a result, and there is preferable corrosion resistance, further improve sea water desalination dress
The service performance set.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the height of anti-prodigal's plate is 5cm-50cm.The height of anti-prodigal's plate exists as a result,
When above range, has the function of preferably offsetting stormy waves, further improve the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises: at least one blower, the blower setting
In the top of the evaporation plane, to form airflow circulating using the air inside the solar energy heating cover.The blower as a result,
After airflow circulating is formed inside the solar energy heating cover, top movements of the vapor to solar energy heating cover can be accelerated, and along
The inner wall of solar energy heating cover condenses, and accelerates the evaporation and condensation of vapor, further improves sea water desalination efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises: 4 blowers, 4 blowers that
This is symmetrical arranged, and the center setting of the evaporation plane inside the solar energy heating cover.4 blowers can as a result,
To form aqueous vapor microcirculation inside solar energy heating cover, be conducive to top movements of the vapor to solar energy heating cover, and edge
Solar energy heating cover inner wall condensation, further improve sea water desalination efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the blower is securable to stablize the center-pole of anchor.Thus, it is possible to easily by wind
Machine is fixed.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes it is a kind of using the described in any item desalination plants in front into
The method of row sea water desalination.According to an embodiment of the invention, this method comprises: the solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape is placed on
On the water surface, the b axis of the solar energy heating cover is perpendicular to the water surface；The heat collected using the solar energy heating cover is to institute
The water for stating the evaporation plane corresponding position of solar energy heating cover is heated, and makes its evaporation；Using cooling unit to the sun
The outer surface of energy collector mat is cooled down；Vapor after evaporation is condensed along the arc inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, cold
Fresh water after solidifying is flow in the fresh water collecting slot that the bottom is arranged in.This method can easily carry out sea water desalination as a result,
Solar energy utilization ratio is high, and sea water desalination is high-efficient.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises heating unit, the method is further
The water in water tank is heated including solar energy heating plate, the hot water after heating is supplied to setting from water outlet of water tank in the evaporation
In the water inlet of hot water of heating tube below plane；After hot water cooling in the heating tube, pass through the heating tube
Cold water water outlet be supplied back to the water tank inlet of the water tank.The heating unit can be further to evaporation plane pair as a result,
The seawater at water air interface that should locate is heated, and evaporation of seawater is further promoted, and improves sea water desalination efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, aspirating the seawater of certain depth the method further includes: suction pump and by institute
State the spray head of sea water supply to the top that the solar energy heating cover is set.The cooling unit can use existing as a result,
Temperature lower seawater solar energy heating cover is cooled down, the vapor in solar energy heating cover can be promoted in the sun
The inner wall condensation of energy collector mat, further improves sea water desalination efficiency, also, further simplify the desalination plant
Structure saves sea water desalination cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of desalination plant according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 shows the structural schematic diagram of existing ellipsoid；
Fig. 3 shows the partial structure diagram of desalination plant according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 shows the structural schematic diagram of desalination plant in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 shows the partial structure diagram of desalination plant in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 shows the partial structure diagram of the desalination plant of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 7 shows the partial structure diagram of the desalination plant of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 8 shows the partial structure diagram of the desalination plant of another embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 9 shows the partial structure diagram of the desalination plant of another embodiment according to the present invention；And
Figure 10 shows the sea water desalination efficiency test result figure of desalination plant according to some embodiments of the invention.
Appended drawing reference:
1000: desalination plant；100: solar energy heating cover；110: evaporation plane；120: fresh water collecting slot；130: light
Water water outlet；140: inner wall；200: freshwater storage unit；300: heating unit；310: solar energy heating plate；320: water tank；
330: heating tube；400: cooling unit；410: spray head；420: suction pump；510: stablizing anchor；520: positioning rope；610: stablizing
Plate；620: fixed plate；700: anti-wave plate；710: anti-prodigal's plate；720: connecting rope；600: support frame；2000: ellipsoid.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of desalination plants.According to an embodiment of the invention, ginseng
Fig. 1 is examined, which includes: the solar energy heating cover 100 of semielliptical shape, freshwater storage unit 200 and cold
But unit 400, wherein the bottom of the inner wall 140 of solar energy heating cover 100 has fresh water collecting slot 120, and (reference is as shown in the figure out
"top", "bottom" direction), fresh water collecting slot 120 is in the bottom (the "bottom" direction with reference to shown in figure) of solar energy heating cover 100
Evaporation plane 110 is limited, is provided with fresh water outlet mouth 130, fresh water outlet mouth 130 and freshwater storage in fresh water collecting slot 120
Unit 200 is connected, also, the length of the b axis of the solar energy heating cover 100 is greater than a axis, and b axis is perpendicular to evaporation plane 110.
The desalination plant 1000 can be directly placed on the water surface (such as sea) and use as a result, wherein solar energy heating cover
100 bottom and water surface contact, which can preferably collect solar energy, and utilize the heat in solar energy
The water of evaporation 110 corresponding position of plane can be heated, which can promote the water in solar energy heating cover 100
Steam condensation, and the solar energy heating cover 100 with the shape is conducive to vapor along the arc of the solar energy heating cover 100
Inner wall 140 sufficiently condenses, the fresh water collecting slot 120 can easily collect condensed fresh water (with reference to shown in Fig. 1,
Vapor can be along the m in figure1、m2Direction condensation, and flow in the fresh water collecting slot 120 of bottom).The seawater is light as a result,
It is simple that 1000 structures are set in makeup, low in cost, easy to use, and solar energy utilization ratio is high, and sea water desalination is high-efficient.
It should be noted that the ellipsoid 2000 includes equatorial radius a and a ' (difference with reference to ellipsoid structure illustrated in fig. 2
Along x-axis and y-axis) and polar radius b (along z-axis), the plane where equatorial radius a and a ' is equatorial plane, wherein b >
A, and b > a ', the i.e. ellipsoid are prolate spheroid." semielliptical shape " according to an embodiment of the present invention refers to the ellipsoid 2000 along red
Figure obtained from road plane or the plane for being parallel to the equatorial plane are cut, wherein according to an embodiment of the present invention
" b axis, a axis and a ' axis of solar energy heating cover " is the polar radius b and equatorial radius a and a ' of the ellipsoid 2000, according to
The evaporation plane of the embodiment of the present invention is to be parallel to the plane of the equatorial plane of the ellipsoid 2000.It is according to an embodiment of the present invention
The solar energy heating cover 100 of semielliptical shape be by the ellipsoid 2000 along equatorial plane cut after the figure that is formed, institute in Fig. 1
The solar energy heating cover 100 shown, for the cuing open along vertex B and straight line AA ' excessively by the solar energy heating cover of the semielliptical shape
Face structural schematic diagram.Furthermore, it is desirable to explanation, in order to make it easy to understand, in all attached drawings of the application, solar energy heating cover
100 are all made of the schematic diagram of the section structure instead of entire solar energy heating cover.
In order to make it easy to understand, can be realized first below to desalination plant according to an embodiment of the present invention above-mentioned beneficial
The principle of effect is briefly described:
As previously mentioned, configuration design is complex, and cannot be to absorption currently with the desalination plant of solar energy
The sun can be carried out efficient utilization, manufacture and operating cost are high.And desalination plant according to an embodiment of the present invention, pass through
A kind of solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape is designed, which can be directly placed on the water surface (such as sea), and
Solar energy is collected using collector mat, is heated using water of the thermal energy in solar energy to evaporation plane corresponding position, promotes its steaming
Hair, and promote the vapor inside the solar energy heating cover to condense by cooling unit, also, the semielliptical shape solar energy heating
The length of the b axis of cover is greater than a axis, is conducive to vapor and sufficiently condenses along the arc inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, and is cold
Fresh water after solidifying can be flow in the fresh water collecting slot that the solar energy heating cover bottom margin is arranged in, and the fresh water of condensation is avoided to flow
Before entering in fresh water collecting slot, sea is dropped in the inner wall of solar energy heating cover.Also, inventor is sent out by many experiments
Existing, when the b axis of solar energy heating cover is less than or equal to a axis, the temperature difference on solar energy heating cover bottom and top is smaller, is unfavorable for
Vapor condensation, thermal losses is larger, and solar energy utilization ratio is low；Moreover, condensed water droplet is attached to the interior of solar energy heating cover
After on wall, since the inner wall gradient of solar energy heating cover is too small (the inner wall gradient, that is, inclined degree of the inner wall relative to the water surface), no
It is flowed in the fresh water collecting slot of bottom conducive to water droplet along the inner wall of solar energy heating cover, water droplet directly drips back into after part is desalinated
Raw water body, to reduce sea water desalination efficiency.Therefore, solar energy heating cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, b axis are greater than a
Axis is conducive to vapor and sufficiently condenses along the arc inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, and condensed fresh water can be preferably
It flow in the fresh water collecting slot that the solar energy heating cover bottom margin is set.Solar energy according to an embodiment of the present invention as a result,
Thermal-arrest cover structure is simple, easy to use, and cost is relatively low, and can preferably promote to evaporate the water evaporation and condensation at plane, can
To improve solar energy utilization ratio and sea water desalination efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the specific size and shape of the solar energy heating cover 100 are not particularly limited, only
Want it for semielliptical shape, and its b axis is greater than a axis, and is greater than a ' axis.As previously mentioned, " semielliptical shape " is not limited to
The half of ellipsoid, or the one third of ellipsoid, as long as should " semielliptical shape " be along ellipsoid equatorial plane or
Obtained from the plane that person is parallel to the equatorial plane is cut.According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, it should be partly
The bottom surface (referring to "bottom" direction shown in the drawings) of the solar energy heating cover 100 of elliposoidal can be round or ellipse
Shape, when the bottom surface is round, i.e., equatorial radius a and a ' are equal in magnitude, and respectively less than polar radius b；When the bottom surface is ellipse
When, i.e. equatorial radius a and a ' size are unequal, but respectively less than polar radius b.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the length ratio of the polar radius b and equatorial radius (a or a ') of solar energy heating cover 100
(i.e. the length ratio of the b axis of the solar energy heating cover and a axis) can be (6:5)~(2:1), specifically, can be 5:4, it can be with
It can be 3:2 etc. for 4:3.As a result, when the length ratio of the b axis of the solar energy heating cover 100 and a axis is in the range, vapor
It a large amount of at the top of solar energy heating cover can condense rapidly, and condensed fresh water can flow to the fresh water of bottom along the inner wall
In collecting tank, the sea water desalination efficiency of the desalination plant 1000 is further improved.As previously mentioned, working as solar energy heating cover
B axis be less than or equal to a axis when, be unfavorable for the evaporation and condensation of water, and be unfavorable for the fresh water that condensed water flow to bottom
Collecting tank, solar energy utilization ratio is lower, and sea water desalination efficiency is lower.Specifically, when the b axis and a axis of solar energy heating cover
When ratio is excessive, when being greater than 2 to 1, influenced greatly, to cause by wave and wind load etc. when which covers on outdoor use
The stability of the solar energy heating cover is poor, and practical effect is bad.Therefore, the length of the b axis of the solar energy heating cover and a axis
When spending ratio in the above range, be conducive to vapor largely condenses at the top of solar energy heating cover, and condensed fresh water can
It is preferably flowed in the fresh water collecting slot of bottom along inner wall, and the solar energy heating covers on stabilization under the conditions of wave and wind load
Property is preferable, is conducive to the desalination plant and directly uses on sea outdoors.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the inner wall bottom of solar energy heating cover is provided with fresh water collecting slot, fresh water collecting slot
Concrete shape and set-up mode be not particularly limited, as long as the fresh water for flowing to bottom along the inner wall of solar energy heating cover can be collected
?.Specifically, fresh water collecting slot 120 can be to be annular, i.e., fresh water collecting slot 120 can be for around the solar energy heating cover
100 one week annular groove of inner wall bottom margin.The fresh water collecting slot 120 of the annular can be collected preferably from the sun as a result,
The fresh water that energy 100 inner wall of collector mat condenses everywhere, further improves the service performance of the desalination plant 1000.
Specifically, with reference to Fig. 1, fresh water collecting slot 120 can be integrally formed, i.e. fresh water with solar energy heating cover 100
Collecting tank 120 can be to be formed and the edge of the bottom of solar energy heating cover 100 bends inwards, thus, it is possible to simple
Just fresh water collecting slot is formed, the structure and preparation process of the desalination plant are further simplified.Specifically, with reference to figure
1, the bottom of fresh water collecting slot 120 can be it is arc-shaped, as a result, circular arc-shaped bottom portion be conducive to the solar energy heating cover 100 drift
Float on the surface, and the solar energy heating cover 100 rollover can be prevented etc., the use for improving the solar energy heating cover is stablized
Property；Specifically, the side wall (with reference to EF shown in Fig. 1) of fresh water collecting slot 120 can be linear, the straight line as a result,
The side wall of type has the effect of resisting stormy waves, the seawater at evaporation plane can be prevented to be splashed into inside fresh water collecting slot, further mentioned
The high service performance of the desalination plant.According to an embodiment of the invention, fresh water collecting slot 120 is in the sun with reference to Fig. 1
The bottom of energy collector mat 100 limits evaporation plane 110, and when which is annular groove, evaporation plane 110 can also
Think circle.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 1, the b shaft length of the solar energy heating cover 100 can be 5 meters, should
The bottom surface of solar energy heating cover 100 can be circle, and the diameter 2a of the rounded bottom surface can be 8 meters.The fresh water collecting slot 120
Width D can be 1 meter, the diameter L for evaporating plane 110 can be 6 meters, the size of the fresh water collecting slot 120 and steaming as a result,
The size of hair plane 110 more matches, after which carries out heating evaporation to the water at the evaporation plane 110,
Vapor can preferably be flow in the fresh water collecting slot 120 after the inner wall condensation of the solar energy heating cover 100.According to this hair
The side wall EF of bright embodiment, the fresh water collecting slot 120 can be longer, i.e. the bottom margin of the solar energy heating cover 100 can be with
It is folded upward at longer, thus, it is possible to avoid the capacity of fresh water collecting slot 120 too small, fresh water overflows from edge EF.According to this
The embodiment of invention, the desalination plant 1000 may further include fresh water collecting pump (not shown), which receives
Collection pump is arranged between fresh water outlet mouth 130 and freshwater storage unit 200, can be pumped to the fresh water in fresh water collecting slot 120
In fresh water storage unit 200.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material for forming solar energy heating cover 100 is not particularly limited, specifically, can be with
Including infrared external reflection profile material, such as it is specifically as follows polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethylacrylic acid
At least one of methyl esters, poly terephthalic acid and its derivative, glass.The infrared external reflection profile material can will be incident to solar energy collection
The infrared light in sunlight inside heat cover is confined to inside solar energy heating cover, so as to preferably utilize in infrared light
Heat.The solar energy heating cover has preferable collection heat effect as a result, can preferably collect incident sunlight, utilize
The thermal energy contained in solar energy, the solar energy heating cover that the water at evaporation plane is heated, and formed by above-mentioned material
It can reduce thermal losses, can further improve the solar energy utilization ratio of solar energy heating cover.Also, above-mentioned material is less expensive
It is easy to get, and more light, thus the desalination plant is easy to use, and can further decrease the cost of sea water desalination.
According to an embodiment of the invention, light-absorbing coating can be set in the inner wall 140 of solar energy heating cover 100, which is applied
Layer can preferably absorb solar energy, thus the solar heat-collection cover 100 preferably can carry out seawater using the thermal energy in solar energy
Desalination, further improves the utilization rate of solar energy.According to an embodiment of the invention, the light-absorbing coating includes can be with Unidirectional transparent
At least one of material and infrared reflective material.It should be noted that solar energy heating cover 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention
Itself it is also possible to be formed by the material with Unidirectional transparent performance or properties of infrared reflection, as previously mentioned, solar energy collection
Heat cover 100 can be to be formed by materials such as polyethylene, polycarbonate with properties of infrared reflection, therefore, in this case,
The inner wall of the solar energy heating cover 100 no longer needs to setting light-absorbing coating, alternatively, when solar energy heating cover 100 is by Unidirectional transparent
When material formation, which can be is formed by infrared reflective material；When solar energy heating cover 100 is by infrared external reflection
When material formation, which can be Unidirectional transparent material by being formed.As a result, the Unidirectional transparent material can make light from
Outside is injected in the solar energy heating cover, and light cannot transmit away out of solar energy heating cover, therefore the Unidirectional transparent material
The light-absorbing coating that material is formed can reduce the loss for injecting the solar energy inside the solar energy heating cover, improve the utilization of solar energy
Rate；Specifically, the infrared light being incident in the sunlight inside collector mat can be preferably confined to by the infrared reflective material
Inside collector mat, so as to preferably utilize the heat in infrared light, above-mentioned light-absorbing coating be can be improved for seawater as a result,
The thermal energy accounting of evaporation, further improves the utilization rate of solar energy.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the outside of solar energy heating cover 100 is arranged in cooling unit 400 with reference to Fig. 1, and
The outer surface of solar energy heating cover 100 can be cooled down.The cooling unit 400 can promote solar energy heating cover 100 as a result,
Interior vapor is condensed in the inner wall 140 of the solar energy heating cover 100, further improves sea water desalination efficiency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 3, cooling unit 400 may include spray head 410 and suction pump
420, the top of solar energy heating cover 110 is arranged in spray head 410, and suction pump 420 is used to aspirate the seawater of certain depth and will
Sea water supply is to spray head 410.As a result, when the desalination plant 1000 is directly placed on sea in use, the suction pump
420 can aspirate the lower seawater of temperature of certain depth, and supply it to (the direction reference of sea water supply of spray head 410
G in Fig. 31、g2Direction), temperature lower seawater the outer surface of the solar energy heating cover 100 is cooled down (temperature compared with
Low seawater can be along n shown in Fig. 31And n2Direction flowing).Since seawater specific heat capacity is larger, a depthkeeping
The temperature of seawater at degree is lower, can be used in cooling solar energy heating cover 100, also, suction pump 420 need to aspirate shallower position
The seawater at place is set, cooling requirement can be met, therefore, suction pump is without expending excessive energy.Therefore, which can be with
Solar energy heating cover 100 is cooled down using existing temperature lower seawater, further simplifies the desalination plant
1000 structure saves sea water desalination cost, and the effect of vapor condensation can be improved, and further increases sea water desalination effect
Rate.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant 1000 may further include: be used to support with reference to Fig. 4
Multiple support frames 600 of the solar energy heating cover 100, multiple support frames 600 are retractable.Specifically, multiple support frames 600 can
To be arranged on the inner wall of solar energy heating cover 100；Specifically, when by polycarbonate, polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate etc.
When the solar energy heating cover of formation is flexible, which can preferably support and fix solar energy heating cover 100,
The shape of the semielliptical shape of solar energy heating cover 100 is maintained, also, multiple support frame 600 can drive the solar energy heating cover
100 fold, and further facilitate the transport of the desalination plant and use.Specifically, multiple support frames 600 can be umbrella frame
Thus frame structure further facilitates folding and using for the solar energy heating cover 100.Specifically, multiple support frames 600 can be
It is formed by rigid material, such as can be and formed by stainless steel tube.Specifically, multiple support frames 600 can be in the sun
The inside of energy collector mat 100 is uniformly distributed, thus, it is possible to preferably support solar energy heating cover 100.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises heating unit 300, the heating with reference to Fig. 5
Unit 300 can heat evaporation plane 110.Specifically, straight line pq shown in Fig. 5 is the water surface (such as sea), too
Positive energy collector mat 100 is placed on above the water surface, as previously mentioned, fresh water collecting slot 120 is limited in the bottom of solar energy heating cover 100
Plane 110 is evaporated out, and when the solar energy heating cover 100 is placed on the water surface, which limits on the water surface
One piece of evaporation region (i.e. the evaporation corresponding water-surface areas of plane 110), heating unit 300 can add evaporation plane 110 out
Heat, i.e. heating unit 300 can heat the water of evaporation 110 corresponding position of plane.Thus, which collects
Thermal energy can preferably promote the water evaporation of the evaporation region interface (i.e. evaporation plane corresponding position), avoid heating large area
Water body, heating efficiency can be promoted.Also, heating unit 300 can be placed on water surface following distance, should add as a result,
Hot cell 300 can the water at the water air interface to the 110 corresponding water-surface areas (i.e. evaporation region) of evaporation region add
Heat further promotes the evaporation of seawater at the water air interface, improves sea water desalination efficiency.According to an embodiment of the invention, plus
The concrete type of hot cell 300 is not particularly limited, for example, heating unit 300 can be electric heating tube, or hot-water line
Deng.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 6, heating unit 300 may include: solar energy heating plate 310, water
Case 320 and heating tube 330, wherein heating tube 330 can heat evaporation plane 110, specifically, heating tube 330 can be with
It is arranged in below the water surface of evaporation 110 corresponding position of plane, solar energy heating plate 310 can heat the water in water tank 320, water tank
320 have water outlet of water tank 10 and water tank inlet 20, and heating tube 330 has water inlet of hot water 30 and cold water water outlet
40, water inlet of hot water 30 is connected with water outlet of water tank 10, and cold water water outlet 40 is connected with water tank inlet 20.Solar energy as a result,
Heating plate 310 can heat the water in water tank 320, the hot water after heating can by water outlet of water tank 10 along figure arrow f1 and
Direction shown by f2 is supplied into heating tube 330, which can heat the water of 110 corresponding position of evaporation plane,
Promote the water evaporation of 110 corresponding position of evaporation plane, and cold water water outlet can also be passed through after the water cooling in heating tube 330
40 supply recovery tanks 320 carry out circulating-heating (with reference to arrow e in figure1And e2Shown direction), the solar energy adds as a result,
It is that heating tube 330 provides hot water, also, the water in the water tank 320 can also be straight that hot plate 310, which can use free solar energy position,
It connects using existing seawater, thus, it is possible to further save the energy, reduces sea water desalination cost.According to an embodiment of the invention,
The temperature of hot water in water tank and heating tube can be controlled and be adjusted, preferably to be heated to seawater, be promoted
It is evaporated into it, specifically, the temperature of the seawater at the evaporation plane after heating can be less than 60 DEG C.Implementation according to the present invention
Example, the concrete type of heating tube 330 is not particularly limited, such as heating tube 330 can be spiral, the spiral shape as a result,
330 heat transfer effect of heating tube it is preferable, can preferably to evaporation plane 110 at water heat.Specifically, heating tube
The color of 330 outer surface is black.The outer surface is that the heating tube 330 of black can reduce thermal losses as a result, enables heating
Hot water in pipe 330 can heat the long period, further increase solar energy utilization ratio.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 7, the desalination plant can further stable anchor 510, stablize anchor
510 specific location for being fixed on solar energy heating cover 100 on the water surface.Specifically, positioning can be passed through by stablizing anchor 510
Rope 520 be connected with the top of solar energy heating cover 100 (with reference to shown in Fig. 7, stablize anchor 510 by positioning rope 520 from
The top B of solar energy heating cover 100 is extended to below water surface pq)；Stablizing anchor 510 can also be with the bottom of fresh water collecting slot 120
Be connected (not shown).The solar energy heating cover 100 can be fixed on the certain position of the water surface by the stable anchor 510 as a result,
Place, prevents the solar energy heating cover 100 to be turned over by stormy waves, improves the structure of the solar energy heating cover 100 and using steady
It is qualitative, further improve the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to Fig. 8, the desalination plant may further include steadying plate 610 and
Fixed plate 620, steadying plate 610 are fixed on the inner wall of solar energy heating cover 100 by fixed plate 620, steadying plate 610 perpendicular to
Evaporation plane 110 simultaneously has part to may extend in the water body below evaporation plane 110 (i.e. horizontal plane pq).Specifically, such as Fig. 8 institute
Show, steadying plate 610 can from the inside of solar energy heating cover 100 along perpendicular to evaporation plane 110 (i.e. perpendicular to the water surface
Pq direction) extends to the lower section of water surface pq, and fixed plate 620 can be fixed between the side wall of opposite fresh water collecting slot 120,
And steadying plate 610 can be fixed with 620 square crossing of fixed plate, thus, it is possible to easily realize steadying plate 610 and solar energy
Collector mat 100 is fixedly connected, which not only can preferably be fixed on solar energy heating cover 100 on the water surface, and
And have the function of resisting stormy waves, solar energy heating cover 100 can be prevented to be turned over by stormy waves, improve the solar energy heating cover
100 structure and stability in use, further improves the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material for forming steadying plate 610 is not particularly limited, specifically, may include modeling
At least one of material, stainless steel and aluminium alloy.Above-mentioned material lighter weight as a result, and there is preferable corrosion resistance, into one
Step improves the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises anti-wave plate 700, anti-wave plate with reference to Fig. 9
700 are arranged in the inside of solar energy heating cover 100, and anti-wave plate 700 includes multiple interconnections and spaced anti-prodigal's plate
710, multiple anti-prodigal's plates 710 (are arranged perpendicular to water surface pq), and floatability is on the water surface perpendicular to evaporation plane 110.Tool
Body, reference is illustrated in fig. 9, it is connected between multiple anti-prodigal's plates 710 by connecting rope 720, multiple anti-prodigal's plates 720 and steaming
It is vertical (i.e. vertical with water surface pq) to send out plane 110, and extends to the lower section of water surface pq.Multiple anti-prodigal's plates 710 can be with as a result,
The water wave inside solar energy heating cover 100 is offset, prevents the solar energy heating cover 100 by stormy waves (especially into solar energy collection
Stormy waves inside heat cover 100) it throws, the stability of the solar energy heating cover 100 is further improved, the sea is further improved
The service performance of water desalination apparatus.According to an embodiment of the invention, the height of anti-prodigal's plate 710 can be 5cm-50cm, specifically
, it can be 20cm that preferably 10-30cm, which can be 15cm, to be 25cm etc..The height of anti-prodigal's plate 710 exists as a result,
When above range, have the function of preferably offsetting stormy waves, the use for further improving the solar energy heating cover 100 is stablized
Property, further improve the service performance of the desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material for forming anti-prodigal's plate 710 is not particularly limited, specifically, may include
At least one of plastics, stainless steel and aluminium alloy, such as may include plastic foam, anti-prodigal's plate which forms can be with
Preferably swim on the water surface.Above-mentioned material lighter weight as a result, and there is preferable corrosion resistance, further improve this
The service performance of desalination plant.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant may further include blower, it is flat that blower is set to evaporation
The top in face, to form airflow circulating using the air inside the solar energy heating cover.The blower is in solar energy heating cover as a result,
After inside forms airflow circulating, top movements of the vapor to solar energy heating cover can be accelerated, and along solar energy heating cover
Inner wall condensation, accelerates the evaporation and condensation of vapor, further improves sea water desalination efficiency.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the concrete type of blower is not particularly limited, as long as can be in solar energy heating cover
Inside forms water-gas circulation, can be fan etc. for example, can be axial flow blower.According to an embodiment of the invention, blower
Number be not particularly limited, such as may include at least one blower, can be 2,3,4 etc..Specifically, the seawater
When desalting plant includes 4 blowers, 4 blowers can be arranged symmetrically in relation to each other, and the evaporation inside solar energy heating cover is flat
The center in face is arranged.4 axial flow blowers can form aqueous vapor microcirculation inside solar energy heating cover as a result, accelerate water steaming
Top movements from gas to solar energy heating cover, and along the inner wall of solar energy heating cover condense, accelerate vapor evaporation and
Condensation, further improves sea water desalination efficiency.Specifically, after blower is added in the desalination plant, sea water desalination effect
Rate can be obviously improved, such as sea water desalination efficiency can promote 10% or so.According to an embodiment of the invention, front
Stablize anchor in addition to that can connect it with solar energy heating cover by positioning rope, the body of rod (i.e. center-pole) and the sun can also be passed through
Energy collector mat connection, and extend to below the water surface, and blower according to an embodiment of the present invention can be fixed on the center of stable anchor
On bar.Thus, it is possible to which easily blower is fixed.
According to an embodiment of the invention, when the size of the solar energy heating cover is larger, such as the solar energy heating cover
When basal diameter is even up to a hundred meters of tens of rice, which may further include maintenance unit, the maintenance unit
It can be set in the solar energy heating cover, to monitor the working condition inside the solar energy heating cover, and can be used for setting
Specifically, the maintenance unit may include maintenance door, access path and inspection platform, maintenance door be can be set for standby maintenance etc.
On the side wall of the solar energy heating cover, access path and inspection platform can extend to the solar energy heating cover from the maintenance door
Inside.For example, access path can be the circular passage being fixed on inside the solar energy heating cover.Specifically, maintenance door
Size is not particularly limited, such as the size of maintenance door may be adapted to service personnel's entrance, to carry out inspection and equipment dimension
Shield etc..It specifically, the number of maintenance door is not particularly limited, such as can be one, or two, maintenance door not only may be used
Using the Vomitory as service personnel, it is also used as ventilation mouth, is facilitated to solar energy heating cover internal heat dissipating cooling etc.,
So that the safety of service personnel enters, and can be excessively high to avoid solar energy heating cover internal temperature, cause the safety such as explosion
Accident.More specifically, two maintenance doors can be oppositely arranged, such as one can be used as service personnel's entrance, another can be with
It is exported as service personnel, two maintenance doors being oppositely arranged as a result, are not only convenient for service personnel's work, and two maintenance doors
When opening at the same time, there is preferable ventilation effect, facilitate quickly to solar energy heating cover internal cooling etc..Specifically,
Maintenance door can be set on the inner wall of the close fresh water collecting slot of solar energy heating cover, and access path can be set to be received in fresh water
Collect the top of slot.
According to an embodiment of the invention, other than mentioned-above maintenance door can be used as ventilation mouth, the solar energy collection
Heat cover may further include exhaust unit, specifically, the exhaust unit may include exhaust outlet and fan, specifically, the row
Port can be set at the top of solar energy heating cover, and fan can be set in the exhaust ports, be turned as a result, by the fan
It is dynamic, the temperature inside the solar energy heating cover can be avoided excessively high, occurred preferably to the solar energy heating cover radiating and cooling etc.
The accidents such as explosion.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the seawater is light in order to further increase the safety in utilization of the solar energy heating cover
Makeup, which is set, may further include explosion-proof lamp, and explosion-proof lamp can be set in the inside of the solar energy heating cover, so as to the sun
Environment inside energy collector mat carries out real-time monitoring, avoids that safety accident etc. occurs.
In summary, desalination plant according to an embodiment of the present invention, by the solar energy for designing a kind of semielliptical shape
Collector mat, and the polar radius of the solar energy heating cover is greater than equatorial radius (i.e. the length of b axis is greater than a axis), the sea water desalination
Device can be directly placed on the water surface (such as sea) and use, and the desalination plant structure is simple, low in cost, user
Just, and solar energy utilization ratio is high, and sea water desalination is high-efficient.
In another aspect of this invention, the invention proposes it is a kind of using the described in any item desalination plants in front into
The method of row sea water desalination.According to an embodiment of the invention, this method comprises: the solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape is placed on
On the water surface, the b axis of the solar energy heating cover is perpendicular to the water surface；The heat collected using solar energy heating cover is to solar energy heating cover
The water of evaporation plane corresponding position heated, and make its evaporation；Using cooling unit to the outer surface of solar energy heating cover into
Row cooling；Vapor after evaporation is condensed along the arc inner wall of solar energy heating cover, and condensed fresh water, which is flow to, to be arranged too
In the fresh water collecting slot of the inner wall bottom of positive energy collector mat.This method can easily carry out sea water desalination, solar energy benefit as a result,
With rate height.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the desalination plant further comprises heating unit, this method can be further
It include: that solar energy heating plate heats the water in water tank, the hot water after heating supplies from water outlet of water tank to setting flat in evaporation
In the water inlet of hot water of heating tube below face；After hot water cooling in heating tube, the cold water water outlet for passing through heating tube is supplied
To the water tank inlet of recovery tank.The heating unit can be with solar energy heating cover together to the seawater at evaporation plane as a result,
It is heated, further promotes evaporation of seawater, improve sea water desalination efficiency.According to an embodiment of the invention, can be to heating
The temperature of pipe and the hot water in water tank is controlled and is adjusted, and preferably to heat to seawater, promotes its evaporation, is had
Body, the temperature of the seawater at evaporation plane after heating can be less than 60 DEG C.
According to an embodiment of the invention, this method may further include: suction pump aspirates the seawater of certain depth, and will
At certain depth the lower sea water supply of temperature to the top that solar energy heating cover is set spray head.The cooling list as a result,
Member can use the lower seawater of existing temperature and cool down to solar energy heating cover, can promote in solar energy heating cover
Vapor is condensed in the inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, further improves sea water desalination efficiency, also, further simplify this
The structure of desalination plant saves sea water desalination cost.
The solution of the present invention is explained below in conjunction with embodiment.It will be understood to those of skill in the art that following
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.Particular technique or item are not specified in embodiment
Part, it described technology or conditions or is carried out according to the literature in the art according to product description.
Embodiment 1: the production of the desalination plant with semielliptical shape solar energy heating cover
The structure of solar energy heating cover can refer to attached drawing 1, Fig. 3-4 and Fig. 7-9, the semielliptical shape solar energy heating cover
100 are formed by polyethylene film, and the equatorial plane of the solar energy heating cover 100 is circle, the b axis of the solar energy heating cover and
The length ratio (i.e. the length ratio of polar radius and equatorial radius) of a axis is 3:2.Specifically, the length of b axis is 9m, the solar energy collection
The bottom surface of heat cover 100 is circle, which is 12m.The inner wall of the solar energy heating cover 100 is provided with 16 stainless steels
Pipe support frame 600 (refers to Fig. 4, structure is similar to umbrella frame, can fold), is arranged on the inner wall 140 of the solar energy heating cover 100
The coating for thering is Unidirectional transparent coating and infrared reflection coating to be formed.At the inflection of the bottom of the solar energy heating cover 100 perpendicular to
Sea, forms fresh water collecting slot 120, and the bottom of the fresh water collecting slot 120 has fresh water outlet mouth 130, the fresh water outlet mouth 130
It is connected with external freshwater storage unit 200.The width of fresh water collecting slot 120 is 1m, and fresh water collecting slot 120 is in solar energy heating
The evaporation plane 110 that the bottom of cover 100 limits is the circle that diameter is 10 meters.With reference to Fig. 3, the desalination plant is further
The spray head 410 by suction pump 420 and seawater connection including 100 top of solar energy heating cover is arranged in.With reference to Fig. 7-9,
The desalination plant further comprises multiple stable anchors 510, specifically, a stable anchor 510 is from the solar energy heating cover 100
Top B point extend downward into seawater, in addition 4 stable anchor (not shown)s are respectively from the bottom of the fresh water collecting slot 120
Portion extends in seawater, the specific position that whole device is fixed on the water surface by stablizing anchor 510, and is kept by steadying plate 610
Stablize, and wave is reduced by anti-wave plate 700 or gushes the influence generated to system fresh water.
Embodiment 2: the production of the desalination plant with semielliptical shape solar energy heating cover and heating unit
Other structures with embodiment 1, unlike, increase a heating tube, the heating tube in the lower section of evaporation plane 110
It is connected with external water tank and solar energy crystalline substance plate.The schematic diagram of the device is as shown in Figure 6.
Comparative example 1: the production of the desalination plant with hemispherical solar energy heating cover
Other production methods are with embodiment 1, the difference is that the structure of the solar energy heating cover is hemispherical, this is hemispheric
The diameter of the bottom of solar energy heating cover is 12 meters.
Sea water desalination performance test
It selects certain day fine afternoon (28~30 DEG C of temperature), while by the sea in embodiment 1 and in comparative example 1
Water desalination apparatus is placed in the adjacent locations on same sea, carries out sea water desalination, and collect in real-time monitoring fresh water collecting slot light
The amount of water.After a period of time, (i.e. increased quality is certain value to fresh water per minute after desalination plant stable water production
When), it is tested: in measurement certain time, the total amount for the fresh water that each desalination plant generates, and be scaled per hour
Quality (g/ (the m of the fresh water of every square metre of generation2H)), i.e. producing water ratio, i.e. sea water desalination efficiency.Meanwhile measuring the nature of the water surface
Evaporation capacity is 60g/ (m2h)。
Test result refers to Figure 10, it can be seen from fig. 10 that having semielliptical shape solar energy heating cover in embodiment 1
Desalination plant sea water desalination efficiency be 180g/ (m2H), there is hemispherical solar energy heating cover and in comparative example 1
Desalination plant sea water desalination efficiency be 140g/ (m2h).Therefore, compared to hemispheric solar energy heating cover
Desalination plant, the desalination plant according to an embodiment of the present invention with semielliptical shape solar energy heating cover have compared with
High sea water desalination efficiency, solar energy utilization ratio with higher.
Also, it can be seen from fig. 10 that the sea water desalination dress with semielliptical shape solar energy heating cover and heating unit
The sea water desalination efficiency set is 300g/ (m2H), therefore, heating unit and the solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape can be common right
Water at the water air interface of the evaporation region is heated, and is further promoted the evaporation of seawater at the water air interface, is improved sea
Water desalinates efficiency.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, still, the tool during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Body details within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, these letters
Monotropic type all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.It is further to note that as described in the above specific embodiments each
A particular technique feature can be combined in any appropriate way in the case of no contradiction.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "outside", "inner", "top", "bottom" etc. indicate
Orientation or positional relationship be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be merely for convenience of description the present invention and simplification retouch
It states, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation,
Therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of desalination plant characterized by comprising
The inner wall bottom of the solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape, the solar energy heating cover has fresh water collecting slot, the fresh water
Collecting tank limits evaporation plane in the bottom of the solar energy heating cover, is provided with fresh water outlet in the fresh water collecting slot
Mouthful, the fresh water outlet mouth is connected with freshwater storage unit, wherein and the length of the b axis of the solar energy heating cover is greater than a axis,
And the b axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane；
And the outside of the solar energy heating cover is arranged in cooling unit, the cooling unit, and be configured as to it is described too
The outer surface of positive energy collector mat is cooled down.
2. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the b axis of the solar energy heating cover and
The length ratio of a axis is (6:5)~(2:1).
3. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inner wall of the solar energy heating cover is provided with
Light-absorbing coating.
4. desalination plant according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the light-absorbing coating includes Unidirectional transparent material
And at least one of infrared reflective material.
5. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that form the material packet of the solar energy heating cover
Include polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polymethyl methacrylate, poly terephthalic acid and its derivative, glass
At least one of glass.
6. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fresh water collecting slot and the solar energy collection
Heat cover be it is integrally formed, the fresh water collecting slot be it is annular.
7. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cooling unit includes:
The top of the solar energy heating cover is arranged in spray head, the spray head；And
Suction pump, the suction pump are used to aspirate the seawater of certain depth and by the sea water supplies to the spray head.
8. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise:
Heating unit, the heating unit are configured as that the evaporation plane can be heated.
9. desalination plant according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the heating unit includes:
Solar energy heating plate, the solar energy heating plate are configured as that the water in water tank can be heated, and the water tank has water tank
Water inlet and water outlet of water tank；And
Heating tube, the heating tube are configured as that the evaporation plane can be heated, and the heating tube is intake with hot water
Mouth and cold water water outlet, the water inlet of hot water are connected with the water outlet of water tank, the cold water water outlet and the water tank
Water inlet is connected.
10. desalination plant according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the heating tube be it is spiral, it is described plus
The color of the outer surface of heat pipe is black.
11. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise:
Multiple support frames of the solar energy heating cover are used to support, the multiple support frame is retractable.
12. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise:
Stablize anchor, the bottom at the top and the fresh water collecting slot of the stable anchor and the solar energy heating cover at least it
One is connected；
Optionally, steadying plate, the steadying plate are fixed on the inner wall of the solar energy heating cover by fixed plate, the stabilization
Plate is perpendicular to the evaporation plane and has part to may extend to below the evaporation plane in water body；
Optionally, anti-wave plate, the anti-wave plate is arranged in the inside of the solar energy heating cover and may float on the water surface, described
Anti- wave plate includes multiple interconnections and spaced anti-prodigal's plate, and multiple anti-prodigal's plates are perpendicular to the evaporation plane
Setting.
13. desalination plant according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the material for forming the steadying plate includes modeling
At least one of material, stainless steel and aluminium alloy；
Optionally, the material for forming anti-prodigal's plate includes at least one of plastics, stainless steel and aluminium alloy；
Optionally, the height of anti-prodigal's plate is 5cm-50cm.
14. desalination plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further comprise:
At least one blower, the blower is set to the top of the evaporation plane, using inside the solar energy heating cover
Air formed airflow circulating；
Optionally, including 4 blowers, 4 blowers are arranged symmetrically in relation to each other, and inside the solar energy heating cover
The evaporation plane center setting；
Optionally, the blower is securable to stablize the center-pole of anchor.
15. a kind of method for carrying out sea water desalination using the described in any item desalination plants of claim 1-14, feature
It is, comprising:
The solar energy heating cover of semielliptical shape is placed on the water surface, the b axis of the solar energy heating cover is perpendicular to the water surface；
The heat collected using the solar energy heating cover carries out the water of the evaporation plane corresponding position of the solar energy heating cover
Heating, and make its evaporation；
It is cooled down using outer surface of the cooling unit to the solar energy heating cover；
Vapor after evaporation is condensed along the arc inner wall of the solar energy heating cover, and condensed fresh water, which is flow to, to be arranged in institute
In the fresh water collecting slot for stating the inner wall bottom of solar energy heating cover.
16. according to the method for claim 15, which is characterized in that the desalination plant further comprises that heating is single
Member, the method further includes:
Solar energy heating plate heats the water in water tank, and the hot water after heating is supplied to setting from water outlet of water tank in the evaporation
In the water inlet of hot water of heating tube below plane；
After hot water cooling in the heating tube, the water tank is supplied back to by the cold water water outlet of the heating tube
Water tank inlet.
17. according to the method for claim 15, which is characterized in that the method further includes:
Suction pump aspirates the seawater of certain depth and by the sea water supply to the top that the solar energy heating cover is arranged in
Spray head.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910105041.XA CN110240214B (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-01 | Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method |
| PCT/CN2019/126212 WO2020155903A1 (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-12-18 | Solar seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910105041.XA CN110240214B (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-01 | Solar energy sea water desalination device and sea water desalination method |
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| CN114349099A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 郑州大学 | Solar phase-change heat storage seawater desalination system |
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| CN110240214B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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