TW496921B - Pressure relief construction method of foundation used in existed building with damage problem caused by floating force - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention of construction method aims to solve leaking problem, which conventional raft foundations meet, and potential structure damage problem, such as displacement of foundation beam and upper structure caused by longtime bearing which floating loading acts upon raft foundation. This invention applies concept of pressure relief where there is less water mass with high water pressure under the foundation to guide foundation ground water into water chamber of raft foundation to be exhausted out to relieve high water pressure that may act upon the raft foundation, and limit the water head under the foundation only to the top of the water chamber the amount of water. This construction method is suitable for high-rise based on foundation ground of low permeability like clay foundation ground, mud foundation ground, or rock ground. This method is not suitable for foundation based on ground of good permeability, like sand base ground.

Description

496921 V. Description of the invention (1) 1. Reason In general, the leakage of the foundation of a completed building is usually caused by the foundation bearing excessive water pressure, which causes the groundwater to seep out of the foundation cracks. In order to completely solve the problem of water seepage in the basement, it is necessary to deal with the main cause of the water seepage in order to achieve more results with less effort. If the stratum below the basement is a stratum with a large permeability such as sand or gravel, and the water volume is also abundant when the water pressure is high, the excessive floating buoyancy must be overcome by the design of the anti-floating structure before the structure itself is no longer Deformation conditions. Generally, small machinery that can be used in the basement is used for permanent anti-floating anchor or anchor pile construction to balance the excessive water buoyancy of the base, so that the internal stress and displacement of the structure are in stable conditions, and then in an appropriate manner To fill the leaking points of cracks, the water seepage area must be coordinated with systemic work such as a permanent anti-blocking drainage system and a new structural base plate, before it can be repaired to be completely waterproof and moisture-proof. If the soil layer below the base is mainly a clay layer, that is, the water permeability coefficient k of the base soil layer is less than 10-6 cm / sec, this type of layer is an approximately water-impermeable layer, so the amount of water seepage from the soil layer is extremely small. Later, the water pressure formed was the same as that of the sandy soil layer, but the time to form the maximum water pressure was delayed by about 100 times to 100 times than that in the sandy soil and gravel layer, so it was built on the clay layer. 0 mVlOOOm2。 Basically, the cracking and seepage of the base plate is often gradually produced after three to six years, and the amount of seepage is only 0.5 · 3 ~ 0. 0 mVlOOOm2 per day. Once the base of the clay layer is cracked and leaking, the low permeability of the clay layer can be used to introduce groundwater with a small amount of base water but excessive water pressure into the water tank to reduce the excessive water pressure to the height of the top plate of the water tank. ,then

Page 6 496921 V. Description of the invention (2) An additional drainage layer is placed on the top plate of the water tank to guide water seepage and solve the problems of buoyancy damage and water seepage. This method is a systematic method applicable to the clay layer. It can solve the problem of water seepage in the basement base plate caused by buoyancy control. At the same time, it can solve the deformation of the base plate structure due to excessive stress, cracks in the upper structure caused by buoyancy, and continuous water leakage in the basement base. Basement space is difficult to use. 2. The main reason for the seepage of the raft base plate of the traditional building is due to the use of a saucer, P, or the foundation of the sand. The foundation is the same as that of the raft. The resistance of the floating ground water to the ground to the large-scale system to fill the tank water with the base force is due to the large number of inverse systems when the water is transparent. The pressure layer and the rock force water pressure drop. There is a base structure at the bottom of the high structure. If it is supplemented by the balance structure, the floating resistance can be rubbed by the moustache, and the floating resistance must not be overloaded. The bottom of the water floor is the foundation of the full version of the receiver. The base force rises up, the water rises, the ground lifts, and the ground resists the bottomless ground state. The balance can be built although the structure is used as a force to press the water. The seepage is at this kind of water, and the seepage will infiltrate into the cracked boiled water department guide or the bottom version of Fang Chengzhi's leaking dagger_ 厶 月, 孑 可 纯 still looks like the middle and near layers below the ground, and the soil is slightly sticky This base is based on the collection of water, the accumulation of micro-water, the amount of extreme infiltration, the soil in the layer of water sticking to the water flow in the infiltration of the lower layer will not be permeated with the upper layer of the floating structure. From the body, with the whole water to the body 3 I, it is formed into a complete body, and the structure force floats in the water to the balance and the flat shadow. It's so clear that it's clear.

Page 7 496921 V. Description of the invention (3) When the weight is insufficient, the structure will be lifted with increasing water buoyancy. Due to the difference in weight between the atrium area and the high-rise area, the foundation load will be uneven, resulting in partial structural body Or the overall uncoordinated upward displacement and displacement will cause the main structure to crack. This effect will not only cause water seepage in the base plate, but also endanger the safety of the building. It is caused by water seepage in the bottom plate damaged by buoyancy, and it is no different to try to deal with it by pure trapping method. 3. Water seepage treatment in the old basement Generally speaking, when the basement of the old building cracks and seeps, ten or ten dollars will be used as a confinement method. Water is directly blocked by the water-stopping material outside the structure. The method of stopping water and repairing cracks solves the water leakage at the bottom of the plate. Although this treatment method, regardless of the cause of water leakage, can exert the effect of stopping water in a short time, in the long run, it is often caught in an inexhaustible cycle. Treatment of seepage by leak-filling method but disregarding the water pressure that causes seepage will directly lead to the potential crisis of cracking of the main structure; once structural cracks appear in the beams and columns of the building, the service life and safety of the building will be greatly reduced. 4. Technical principle The technical principle and construction steps of the construction method of the present invention are as follows: 1) Basic decompression principle:

Page 8 496921 V. Description of the invention (4) Press the raft base to pressure the drainage hole, the waste water pump and the water. The basic version of the meter will be maintained, and the theoretical basis will be maintained. The bottom plate has a small amount of water, and the water level of the groundwater introduction box is maintained at 2 ~. The water buoyancy makes the use of the structure safe. When the upper layer of the underground pressure bar of the raft is lifted as a structural mud layer, it can remove the floating water and reduce the building pressure. The foundation is compacted, and the foundation and the soil and water are used to fill the building with the jack. Therefore, when the crisis force affects the compaction method, it is concentrated in the version of the structural approach. The force is based on the construction method of the building. The general load will lead to cracking once the structure is broken, and the foundation will be built to prevent the raft floor foundation from gradually becoming hydraulic pressure. The structure is not up to 10%. The foundation of the endangered foundation has its own weight, and the influence of the structure into the south is uniformly used as the three pictures of the building foundation. The foundation seat is protected from excess. The structure of the underground floor of the building will be damaged, and the floating ground drilled by the floating plate but under high pressure will be released from the water tank, and the dirt in the water tank will be reused to a height of 3 in. To reduce the water pressure and lift the structure of the raft. The stress mode returns to its original design and its service life is the first method of the invention, which is carried by beams and columns and the load is transferred to the ground. The load is transferred to the bearing soil layer. Detailed first picture; , Its effect is like the oil will rise to the second picture. Because it is used for foundation, it causes uneven displacement on top of water buoyancy, which causes the beam and column to fall into danger due to the pressure caused by extremely low permeability and viscous water pressure. At the beginning of planning, Water is directly discharged into the water tank. For the trend that has been completed and started to rise, it should be derived from the bottom of the plate as soon as it is launched, which will cause structural damage. The decompression drainage hole 16 is based on the buried soil layer to break through the raft foundation to prevent the use of early borrowing or removing the plate.

_ Iill

496921 V. Description of the invention (5) Pipe 25, which directly introduces the groundwater at the bottom of the plate into the horizontal drainage system 23, and then drains the water into the sewage tank 27 by the sewage discharge device 22. Figure 4 shows the schematic of the decompression process of the raft base plate. This method adopts a closed method for drainage. When the groundwater seeps into the decompression drainage pipe, the compressed groundwater will be discharged into the sewage tank by self-flow. Groundwater is isolated from the air during the discharge process, which will prevent the precipitation of calcium carbonate crystals and cause pipeline blockage. Therefore, the function of the decompression system of this construction method will continue to operate, completely eliminating the impact of buoyancy. 2) In the old basement where buoyancy damage has occurred in the construction project, in addition to beam and column cracking, the top plate of the raft foundation also cracked and leaked due to buoyancy, and at the same time, the connection between the continuous wall and the raft foundation began to leak; the purpose of this method In addition to completely solving the buoyancy problem, it also improves the water seepage of the basement foundation. According to the construction purpose, the construction projects of this construction method can be divided into: a. Raft foundation decompression drainage system, b. Side wall seepage and water interception system, c. Plate top surface drainage system, the first two of which can be used in series to share the horizontal dewatering system, The water pressure of the surface seepage collected by the drainage system of the top surface layer of the plate has been resolved, so the horizontal dewatering system must be treated separately and cannot be mixed with the first two items. a. Raft-based decompression drainage system: the axis of this construction method, which is used to completely solve the problem of floating on the foundation. The decompression drainage system introduces groundwater with a small amount of bottom water but high pressure into the water tank, which mainly includes decompression drainage holes, horizontal drainage pipes and sewage discharge pipes. The application process of decompression drainage holes depends on water

Page 10 496921 V. Description of the invention (6) The backfilling conditions in the tank can be divided into three types: decompression drainage holes in the tank backfill gradation area 1 6. Decompression drainage holes in the tank backfill RC area 19 and in the empty water tank area Decompress the drainage hole 2 0. The quality of the works of the decompression drainage holes directly affects the success or failure of decompression on the final version. In addition to the lateral openings of the PVC pipes in the water inlet section 3, the pipes must be covered with diamond-shaped grids and engineering non-woven fabrics to prevent the water conduction process. Bringing out the fine-grained soil together causes hollowing of the substrate and other problems; permeable granules 3 3 must be filled outside the pipe in the water inlet section to increase the permeable area to ensure the drainage effect. The main construction procedures are detailed in Figures 5, 6, and 7. The detailed diagram of the pressure drainage system is shown in Figure b. Side wall seepage and water interception system: The connection interface between the continuous wall and the raft foundation is a secondary construction. Under the action of long-term water pressure, this interface (Construction joint) A water seepage path 6 1 will be formed, causing the water seepage in the basement to become wet. In view of this seepage situation, a trench is buried on the side of the wall to bury a semi-permeable water collecting and draining pipe 60 to wear the side wall for seepage and direct water to the horizontal dewatering system 56 to eliminate it. The water collecting pipe was covered with permeable granules, and then covered with PE cloth 5 9 and stiffening grid 5 8 to prevent groundwater from seeping out of the ground. Finally, the road was restored with fiber concrete 54 backfilling trenches. The eighth picture side wall seepage water interception system construction detailed drawing. c. Drainage system on the top surface of the plate: The water seepage path caused by the raft foundation cracks caused by buoyancy will cause partial or even full surface water seepage. When the water seepage is only used to fill the gaps and cannot fill the entire crack effectively, although short-term results can be obtained, in the long run, it may revert to its original state or generate other seepage paths. The top surface layer drainage system will mainly seep water

Page 11 496921 V. Description of the invention (7) Excluded after concentration to keep the use space dry and comfortable. The system utilizes the laying of drainage layer 73 to intercept the seepage to drainage groove 76 and remove it, and pours 5 to 7 cm of concrete 8 2 on the back side of drainage layer to completely solve the situation of water seepage at the top of the plate. Sectional view of the top surface layer drainage system configuration of the ninth plate. 3) Construction steps a) Site configuration for construction configuration: Drainage holes are classified and numbered on site to be spray-painted, and horizontal drainage pipes are marked with ink lines. 〇 b) Raft-based horizontal drainage pipe: Use a pavement cutter to cut a groove with a width of 10 cm and a depth of 5 cm to bury a horizontal dewatering pipe. c) Sewage inflow hole: Sewage inflow hole is planned near the manhole in the waste water tank of the original building. A 6 π drainage hole was drilled in the top of the sewage tank, and the buried PVC pipe was used to drain the groundwater from the decompression drainage hole into the sewage tank. d) Decompression drainage pipe processing: The diameter of the PVC pipe used for decompression is 0 1.5 π. Its main function is to drain the hydrolytic pressure and prevent the loss of fine-grained soil. The bottom of the VC pipe 1_m is the water inlet section, which needs to be opened. Hole processing, the opening rate of PVC pipe is ^ 3%, and the P VC pipe in the opening water inlet section is covered with two layers of diamond grids to increase the permeation area. The water inlet section is covered with engineering non-woven fabric, and the fine-grained soil is filtered to achieve drainage.

Page 12 496921 V. Description of the invention (8) Sand purpose. e) Vertical decompression drainage hole (backfill of the water tank R C): Because there is no upper floor load in the atrium area, the raft-based water tank in this area is usually backfilled with low-quality concrete to increase its own weight. When the foundation has a tendency to float due to buoyancy, the atrium area is often the fastest and most severe due to insufficient weight. Therefore, the atrium area should be prioritized to mitigate the damage of the area during the decompression of the bottom plate. A decompression drainage hole with a diameter of 3 M was drilled on the top plate of the raft foundation in the atrium area with a portable drill to drill through the bottom plate of the raft to 1 m below the foundation to install a decompression drainage pipe 34. When installing the decompression drainage pipe, lay 10 to 20 cm of water-permeable granules 3 3 at the bottom of the hole, and then put it into the decompression drainage pipe. The decompression drainage pipe water inlet section 3 2 side is then backfilled with water-permeable granules to the bottom of the plate. ; In order to prevent groundwater from seeping out of the surface from the side of the pipe, the bottom of the raft base plate must be compacted with a sealant 30 cm, and the rest is sealed with cement mortar 35. Detail the fifth illustration of the pressure drainage hole (water tank backfill R C). f) Vertical decompression drainage hole (backfill gradation of water tank): The area of backfill gradation in the water tank is generally high-rise area. The construction of the decompression drainage hole requires the inner casing to be shaped. First, use a portable drill to drill a decompression drainage hole with a diameter of 3 π and drill through the raft base plate to 1 m below the foundation. Leave the drill rod in the borehole to Use it as an outer casing, and then drill holes in the outer casing with a diameter of 1.5 π with the same hole depth to clear the gradation remaining in the outer casing. After pulling out the inner tube, pour permeable pellets 3 3 from the outer tube to lay

Page 13 496921 V. Description of the invention (9) The filter layer (about 10 ~ 20 cm) at the bottom of the hole, and then put it into the decompression drainage pipe 34. Raise the bottom of the outer tube by about 1.5 ~ 1.7m, and backfill the permeable pellets to the bottom of the plate in the water inlet section 32 of the decompression drainage pipe. The raft base plate part must be compacted with bentonite 30 to ensure the sealing layer 30 cm; the outer tube is raised to the bottom plate, and the cement mortar 35 is poured from the casing to fill the hole of the raft base plate to the bottom. Layout. After pulling out the casing, the tube side of the top plate was tamped with bentonite and backfilled with cement mortar. Detailed sixth detailed illustration of the application of pressure drainage holes (water tank backfill grading) ◦ g) Drainage Yin well: Drainage Yin well 46 is applied to the water tank backfill gradation area, and it is used in conjunction with decompression drainage drilling. Its main function is to introduce groundwater into the water tank to increase the weight of the water tank. After the water tank is filled, the water is directed to the planned discharge facility for elimination. Detail the sixth illustration of the pressure drainage holes (water tank backfill grading). Drill a hole with a diameter of 6 π and a depth of 50 cm in the top plate to bury a 5 V π outer tube. Installed in the outer pipe to connect with the horizontal drainage system, 1.5 " non-woven VC pipe 4 5 of the outer wrapping project: Permeable granules 4 3 are filled between the inner and outer pipes, and the sealing layer is tamped with bentonite 4 2. Backfill with cement mortar. h) Vertical decompression drainage hole (empty water tank): generally located in the high-rise area. When the decompression drainage hole is applied, first use a portable drill to drill a decompression drainage hole with a diameter of 3 π and drill through the base plate of the raft to 1 m below the foundation, leaving the casing still. When installing the decompression drainage pipe, lay 10 to 20 cm of water-permeable pellets 3 3 at the bottom of the hole, and then put it into the decompression drainage pipe 34. Raise the bottom of the casing by about 1.5 ~ 1.7 m, and backfill the bottom of the plate with water-permeable pellets at the water inlet section 32 of the decompression drainage pipe; then tamp the sealing layer 30 cm with bentonite 30 and backfill Cement mortar 3 5 tamped and sealed to the bottom plate

«

Page 14 496921 V. Description of Invention (ίο). Remove the casing and fill the top plate with cement mortar. Detailed seventh illustration of pressure drainage holes for detailed drawings (empty water tank). i) Rear base plate electronic water pressure gauge: In order to accurately grasp the dissipation of water pressure at the bottom of the plate, a bottom plate electronic water pressure gauge is installed for long-term observation. In each area, install vertical pressure drill holes with a diameter of 3 π, drill through the base plate to 30 cm below the foundation, and bury a P V C protective tube of 0 = 1.5 π 50. Lay the water-permeable granules 5 2 at the bottom of the hole, and then install the electronic hydrometer 5 3, and seal the bottom plate with 50 cm of bentonite 30, and fill the rest with cement mortar 35. A protective cap 4 9 is set at the opening, and the cables are managed in the control box. The eleventh figure of the electronic water pressure gauge is detailed. j) Installation of horizontal drainage system: After decompression of drainage holes and completion of drilling installation, horizontal drainage pipeline installation is performed. In the cutout trench, install two rows of drainage pipes with a diameter of 0 = 3/4 π (arranged side by side at appropriate locations for communication), and connect the vertical decompression drainage pipe to guide the groundwater discharged by the vertical decompression drainage pipe. The horizontal dewatering pipes installed in the ditch shall be fixed by fixing rings at appropriate intervals. The horizontal drainage system collects the groundwater derived from the decompression sluice pipe, and concentrates the water into the sewage tank through the sewage discharge hole. k) The drainage pipe configuration between the top of the water tank and the continuous wall: a groove is formed on the side of the wall of the wall, and a pipe diameter P = 1. 2 5 π non-woven semi-permeable PVC pipe is used to intercept the water tank. Water seepage between the ceiling and the wall shall be eliminated by introduction of a horizontal drainage system. When backfilling the groove, you can first lay a cloth to prevent groundwater seepage

Page 15 496921 V. Description of the invention (π) Get out of the ground. 1) Drainage system on the top surface of the plate: the leakage of the plate caused by buoyancy damage, although the leakage situation has slowed down after the construction of the decompression drainage hole has been completed, it cannot be completely stopped; the method of the invention adopts a dredging method in the atrium The drainage layer is fully laid in the area (the space in the basement is allowed), and the seepage water is collected through the drainage layer to the drainage trench, which is directly discharged into the sewage tank for exclusion. Using the trenches of the original horizontal drainage system 76 in the atrium area, the fiber concrete is first backfilled to the top of the ρ ν c pipe, and the back of the trench is filled with calcite 3 3 (water-permeable pellets) to serve as the drainage layer. The water collection drainage pipe. Water interception trenches 7 7 are set up around the periphery of the atrium area to collect groundwater leaked from the bottom plate of the atrium area. At a suitable location of the intercepting ditch around the atrium area, cut a drainage ditch 7 9 connecting the atrium area and the sewage discharge hole to bury a ρ ν ν c drainage pipe 8 1 of 1.2 π, because the top of the plate leaks its water The pressure has been released, so the buried drainage pipe needs a slope of drainage to smoothly conduct water. After the drainage path can smoothly remove the water collection, the drainage layer 7 3 is fully laid in the atrium area, and the drainage layer is fixed to the top plate with fixing nails; the laying area of the water layer must be slightly larger than the atrium area, and its edge must be larger than the surrounding water interception. The groove is about 5 ~ 10 cm. The overlap seam of the drainage layer is sealed with resin or caulk dose to ensure the tightness of the drainage layer to prevent groundwater from seeping out of the drainage layer from the overlap seam. Finally, P C is placed on the back side of the drainage layer as the final completed surface. Detailed layout drawing of the top layer drainage system of the tenth plate. When the clear height of the local lower room is not enough to lay the drainage layer on the surface, it shall be dealt with point by point. Generally speaking, most of the seepage locations in the atrium area are concentrated near the middle pillars set during the excavation of the original base. Surface rubbing against cracks in the atrium

Page 16 496921 V. Description of the invention (12), at the time of planning, a decompression borehole located at the middle column position will be arranged to directly introduce groundwater into the horizontal drainage system that has been laid to eliminate it. Quick-drying cement is used for filling; because the water pressure there has been relieved by the decompression hole, the cracks filled with sealing will not leak again. m) Drain trench backfill and pavement restoration: After the drainage trench is installed, the dust and debris in the trench are cleaned and then backfilled with fiber concrete; 沥青 After all the drainage pipelines are installed, asphalt is used. , PC or gold grit and other materials to restore the pavement. If the drainage layer is laid in the atrium area, the road surface restoration must be carried out with PC. Do not lay asphalt to damage the drainage layer. η) Parking line restoration: According to the original stake out position, the parking position is restored and underlined. 5. Functions and features In addition to the implementation features of this construction method, in addition to removing excess water pressure at the bottom of the plate, reducing the impact of buoyancy to slow down and improve the increasingly serious buoyancy damage, and at the same time, it can effectively solve the water seepage situation of the basic version. 1) Decompression effect: This method uses decompression drainage holes to introduce groundwater into the raft-based water tank. 'Using the building's sewage and waste water discharge system to control the water direction of the water tank, the water pressure at the bottom of the plate will be due to the dewatering function of the drainage holes. From the original high head difference to 2 ~ 3 m head difference; therefore, the force behavior of the basic version of the atrium area will be partially destroyed by the buoyancy control.

Page 17 496921 V. Description of the invention (13) Gradually diminishes, forcing the basic version to be located in the bearing soil layer and return to the boundary conditions of the original design. 2) Waterproof effect: The method of the present invention adopts a drainage system of the top layer of the plate. The drainage layer is laid on the original ground to directly collect the water seepage from the ground. The resin is used to fill the overlapping gap of the drainage sheet to prevent water seepage. A closed drainage channel; therefore, this method can completely solve the problem of water seepage in the foundation without affecting the use of the basement. 3) Waterproof aging · This construction method uses HDPE material to conduct water. 'At the same time, all drainage pipelines are sealed, so that the water seepage during the discharge process can completely isolate the air to prevent calcium ions and the carbon dioxide in the air from blocking the pipeline, so the drainage The pipeline can maintain the function for a long time, so that the basic layout is waterproof and dry. 4) Overall economics: This construction method adopts the method of drawing salary at the bottom of the axe, first removing the buoyancy factors that cause water seepage and causing damage to the structure, and then completely solving the problem of water seepage at the top of the plate; although the construction cost is slightly higher, it can be overcome once and for all. Buoyancy and solution to seepage have better overall economics; traditional seepage treatment is only to catch leaks. Although the cost of a single treatment is low, it often falls into a dilemma. It is not economical in the long run and the foundation The buoyancy problem still exists; if the buoyancy factors that cause water seepage are ignored, once the main structure cracks, it will affect the life of the building and its safety.

Page 18 496921 V. Description of the invention (14) 6. Construction case The method of the invention has been successfully applied to the basement floor version of a building in Songshan District, Taipei City. Due to buoyancy problems, the basement has severe water seepage and structural cracks. The building seepage problem occurred 3 to 5 years after the opening of the building. Without any explanation, the bridge was leaked blindly, so that it fell into a cycle nightmare that was inexhaustible. Over the long term, not only the water seepage remained, but the beams and pillars of the building part The structure is more buoyant, which causes the foundation to float and cause severe structural cracks. After the building was treated with this method, the foundation seepage has been resolved. At the same time, the structural cracks in the beams and columns of the building have been gradually reduced and stabilized due to the decompression method. The processing situation of this building is detailed in the attachment-construction photos of the old basement decompression method. 7. Graphic description: The first diagram of the building's structural facade 1. The bearing soil layer 2. The base plate 3. The basement side wall (continuous wall) 4. The atrium area 5. The south floor area Figure 6. Deadweight of high-rise area structure

Page 19 496921 V. Description of the invention (15) 7. The dead weight of the structure in the atrium area 8. The buoyancy caused by the groundwater pooling under the base plate. The third diagram of the structure buoyancy failure 9. The buoyancy combined force 1 0. The bottom plate is damaged by buoyancy The formed seepage path 1 1. The secondary construction joint between the base plate and the wall body caused water seepage from the side due to buoyancy 1 2. The base plate was lifted and displaced by the uneven sentence caused by buoyancy, causing the beam and column to stagger and crack 1 3. The structure foundation is unevenly lifted due to the buoyancy effect. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of decompression treatment of the raft base plate 14. Basement side wall (continuous wall) 15. Wall side seepage path 16. Decompression water hole (water / rAr phase backfill gradation area) 17. Drainage wells 18. Water pressure gauge 19. Decompression drainage hole (water / τλτ phase backfill RC area) 20. Decompression drainage hole (empty water phase area) 2 1. Manhole 22. Sewage Drained into 23. Horizontal drainage system

Page 20 496921 V. Description of the invention (16) 24. Pavement demobilization 25. Decompression water inlet section 26. Water phase backfill gradation area 27. Water tank 28. Water tank backfill RC area 29. Water leakage path of raft base plate Five diagram pressure drainage holes Construction sketch (backfill RC area with water Aλτ phase) 24. Pavement restoration 30. Bentonite seal layer 3 1. PC layer at the bottom of cutting board 32. Decompression drainage pipe (water inlet section), covered with diamond. Shape grid and engineering non-woven 33 Permeable granules 34. Decompression drainage pipe (without openings) 35. Concrete sealing hole 37. Water tank top plate 38. Tee connection pipe for horizontal drainage pipe 39. Horizontal drainage pipe 40. Fiber concrete backfill 41. Horizontal drainage pipe Trench removal 47. RC backfill sixth schematic diagram of pressure drainage holes (water tank backfill grading area) 2 4. Pavement restoration

Page 21 496921 V. Description of the invention (17) 29. Water / rAr phase base plate 30. Bentonite seal layer 3 1. Cutting base plate PC layer 32. Decompression drainage pipe (water inlet section) Covered with diamond grid and engineering Non-woven cloth 33. Permeable granules 34. Decompression drainage pipe (without openings) 35. Concrete sealing 36. Water λτλτ Phase backfill gradation area 37. Water Ar / r phase top version 38. Tee connection pipe for horizontal drainage pipe 39. Horizontal dewatering pipe 40. Fibre-concrete backfilling 41. Horizontal drainage pipe trench removal 42. Bentonite seal layer 43. Backfilling permeable pellets 44. p VC. Pipe adapter 45. p VC pipe opening pervious section ( Non-woven fabric for outsourced projects) 46. The seventh schematic diagram of the layout of the drainage wells (the empty water tank area) 2 4. The green layer is laid 30. The bentonite seal layer 31. The raft substrate bottom PC layer 3 2. Water inlet section), covered with diamond grid and engineering non-woven fabric

Page 22 496921 V. Description of the invention (18) 33. Permeable granules 34. Decompression drainage pipe (unopened section) 35. Concrete sealing hole 38. Tee connection pipe for horizontal drainage pipe 39. Horizontal drainage pipe 40. Fiber Concrete backfill 41 · Horizontal drainage pipe trench removal 48. Empty water tank eighth picture side wall seepage treatment application diagram 54. Fiber concrete backfill 55. Horizontal drainage pipe two-way connection pipe 56. Horizontal drainage pipe 57. Pavement restoration 58. Pave θ and strengthen the grid 59. Lay PE tarpaulin 60. Semi-permeable water collecting and draining pipe 6 1. Water seepage path on the side of the continuous wall Ninth plate Top surface layer drainage system section configuration diagram 7 3. Drain layer _ 7 6 Drainage ditch 8 3 .Fixed nail 8 2 .Pouring 5 ~ 7 cm of concrete

Page 23 496921 V. Description of the invention (19) Tenth picture 33 39 40 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 8 1 Edition Top surface layer drainage system construction configuration diagram Qlinite horizontal concrete water pipe fiber concrete backfill drainage layer atrium area friction Water area ❹ Horizontal drainage trench (all backfilled fiber concrete horizontal drainage trench (partially backfilled fiber concrete intercepting ditch water inlet half pipe surface drainage system '; horizontal drainage pipe buried in Geshuigou surface drainage system tenth A picture of the electronic water pressure gauge

29. / r / r cutting base plate 30. bentonite seal layer 3 1 · PC layer at the bottom of the raft substrate 35. concrete seal 49. protective cover 50. φ = 4/3 π protection pipeline 5 1 · water phase backfill area (backfill Grade S, PC) 52. Backfilling fine particles 53. Electronic hydraulic manometer page 24 496921 V. Description of the invention (20) Figure 12 Sewage discharge system construction diagram 31. PC layer at the bottom of the raft substrate. 6 2 Asphalt laying 6 3. Manhole 6 4. Water tank top plate 6 5. Flow meter 6 6. PVC drainage pipe 6 7. Ο η / 〇ff On-off valve '6 8. Check valve 6 9. Fixing ring 7 0. Bottom version of water tank 71. Clay layer or rock plate 7 2. Sewage drainage hole illustration is briefly explained: First diagram of the structure of the building facade Second diagram of the structure free body diagram Third diagram of the structure buoyancy failure fourth diagram Raft Schematic drawing of the decompression treatment of the base plate. The fifth schematic diagram of the pressure drainage holes (the water tank backfill RC area) The sixth schematic diagram of the pressure drainage holes' construction (the water tank backfill gradation area) The seventh schematic diagram of the pressure drainage holes construction (the empty water tank area) Drainage system on the side of the wall Cross-sectional configuration of FIG.

Page 25 496921 V. Description of the invention (21) The tenth plan layout of the top surface drainage system is shown in the eleventh figure.

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Claims (1)

496921 1 · A decompression method suitable for the low-permeability version, which is a method for seepage of the base plate of the south building building on the right% 4 / f floor,: Che; :: Solve the potential crisis of the basement floor caused by excessive water pressure ， Yes—A solution to the damage to the building structure caused by a suitable water pressure = = = The bottom version of the raft foundation is used to decompress the drainage system, system, and land;: 2 basic decompression construction methods, which use the system to cut off the continuous wall seepage :: Use the side wall to seep water and wear water a I " to avoid causing the basement to accumulate water and thirst. To: The top surface layer drainage system 'effectively cuts off the seepage of the raft base plate' ,,, 'magnetic bottom to solve the water seepage problem of the bottom plate. Soil layer application 2. As the first item in the scope of the patent application, the decompression method applicable to the base plate of the South Building with low permeability and dryness can be divided into three projects according to its function: 1) Raft-based decompression drainage system: The axis of this construction method is mainly used to exclude groundwater with low water volume but high pressure from the raft base plate, so as to completely solve the buoyancy problem. The procedure of decompression drainage system ... a. · Drilling sewage drainage holes, c · Vertical decompression drainage hole construction, d.Horizontal drainage system installation; 2） Side wall seepage and water interception system application procedures: Page 27 A groove is buried on the side of the wall to bury a semi-permeable cut-out water pipe. Spread the fiber mixture and condensate water pipes to intercept the seepage from the side wall. Use the pE cloth and stiffened grid to backfill the groove after the water-permeable pellets. Part of the formation ::::: Due to buoyancy-damaged raft foundation cracks, when the solution is made, the possible water-draining situation will be filled, and will be replaced by [the system will lay a drainage layer on the top of the plate to drain the water to the drainage. After the trench, it is eliminated, and the concrete is placed at 5 ~ 7cni to solve the situation of water leakage at the top of the plate.