CN114855762B - Device and method for closing and sealing tailings pond - Google Patents
Device and method for closing and sealing tailings pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN114855762B CN114855762B CN202210645787.1A CN202210645787A CN114855762B CN 114855762 B CN114855762 B CN 114855762B CN 202210645787 A CN202210645787 A CN 202210645787A CN 114855762 B CN114855762 B CN 114855762B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 130
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for closing and sealing a tailing pond, which comprises a front tailing stacking area filled with a reclaimed soil layer, a rear tailing stacking area in a pond area provided with a backfill layer drainage system and a reinforcing layer, and a partition ridge between the rear tailing stacking area and the rear tailing stacking area. The invention overcomes the defects of long construction period, large required earthwork, high transportation cost and large construction risk in low bearing capacity areas when the rear tailing piling area in the reservoir area adopts traditional mechanical and manual backfill soil reclamation, breaks through the restriction of the rear tailing characteristics and the foundation bearing capacity in the tailing reservoir area on the construction, improves the safety, improves the foundation bearing capacity, meets the construction requirements of the surface drainage and diversion system in the reservoir, meets the development and utilization requirements of the tailing reservoir after reservoir closure, and has important significance for the development and utilization of the tailing reservoir after reservoir closure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing pond engineering, in particular to a device and a method for closing and sealing a tailing pond.
Background
The tailing pond is an important facility in mine production, is not only an artificially formed high-level debris flow hazard source, but also an invisible environment pollution source, and is one of the important hazard sources of non-coal mines in the past. At present, when the domestic tailing pond is closed, the beach surface of the tailing pond is required to be sealed, and the mud is usually backfilled with viscous soil and covered with green, and the field is sealed after the surface drainage and diversion system is built.
However, according to the beach reclamation sealing field scheme, the rear area in the tailing pond reservoir area can cause the bulge of the rear shallow surface in the tailing pond due to the strong soil squeezing effect in the backfilling process, so that the field after reclamation exceeds the designed reclamation elevation; meanwhile, the rear fine particle tailings in the reservoir area are concentrated, the foundation bearing capacity is weak, the machine and personnel are difficult to directly enter the reservoir, and the construction difficulty and the construction danger are both high; for some large tailings ponds and small tailings ponds with short production time, a large-area ponding area is usually arranged at the rear part of the pond area, so that the construction period is greatly influenced; in addition, the bearing capacity of the foundation of the rear beach in the wet tailing pond area is generally weak, and the requirements of construction of a surface drainage and diversion system and development and utilization of a tailing pond field after the tailing pond is closed are not met, so that the soft soil foundation after backfilling and reclamation of the rear part in the pond area is required to be treated by adopting drainage consolidation and other methods to meet corresponding requirements.
Therefore, a device and a method for closing and sealing a tailing pond are needed to solve the technical problems that when the tailing pond is closed, the rear earth covering in a pond area has strong earth squeezing effect, high direct earth covering safety risk and high construction difficulty, and the bearing capacity of a backfilled foundation is difficult to meet the requirements of building a surface drainage and diversion system, developing and utilizing the tailing pond field and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for closing and sealing a tailing pond, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a device for closing a tailing pond and sealing a field, which comprises:
the dam front tailing accumulation area is filled with a reclaimed soil layer, the reclaimed soil layer is obliquely arranged, and a grass seed greening layer is arranged on the surface of the reclaimed soil layer;
The rear tailing stacking area in the reservoir area is filled with a backfill soil layer, and a drainage system is arranged in the backfill soil layer; the backfill layer is covered with a reinforcing layer;
The partitioned soil ridge is built between the front tailing accumulation area of the dam and the rear tailing accumulation area in the reservoir area; and a plurality of slurry conveying devices are fixedly arranged on the zoned soil ridge, and extend to the rear tailing stacking area in the storage area.
Preferably, the cross section of the regional soil ridge is trapezoid, the top end of the regional soil ridge is level with the reclaimed soil layer, the width of the bottom surface of the regional soil ridge is 2m-4m, and the width of the top surface of the regional soil ridge is 1m-3m.
Preferably, the reclaimed soil layer comprises a clay impermeable barrier layer and a near-surface loam reclaimed layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the thickness of the clay impermeable barrier layer is 30cm-50cm, and the thickness of the near-surface loam reclamation layer is 30cm-50cm.
Preferably, the clay impervious barrier layer and the near-surface loam reclamation layer are obliquely arranged towards the regional soil ridge, and the inclination is 1% -3%.
Preferably, the backfill soil layer comprises a clay backfill base layer, a loam backfill reclamation layer and a loam backfill greening layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the thickness of the clay backfill foundation layer is 30cm-50cm, and the thickness of the loam backfill layer is 30cm-50cm.
Preferably, the drainage system comprises a plurality of plastic drainage plates, the bottom ends of the plastic drainage plates penetrate through the clay backfill base layer and extend into the rear tailing stacking area in the reservoir area, and the top ends of the plastic drainage plates extend out of the loam backfill greening layer and are communicated with a drainage main pipe.
Preferably, the reinforcing layer comprises nonwoven geotextile, two layers of polyvinyl chloride films, a cohesive soil layer and a vacuum sealing film which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the non-woven geotextile covers the top end of the drainage main pipe.
A method for closing a tailings pond enclosure, comprising the steps of:
1) Constructing a regional ridge, and dividing a front tailing accumulation area and a rear tailing accumulation area in a reservoir area;
2) Filling the reclaimed soil layer until the reclaimed soil layer is level with the top ends of the regional soil ridges, and paving a grass seed greening layer;
3) Erecting slurry conveying equipment;
4) Filling a backfill layer into a rear tailing stacking area in the reservoir area;
5) Installing a drainage system;
6) Paving a reinforcing layer, and vacuumizing and reinforcing the reinforcing layer and the backfill layer;
7) And (5) paving a grass seed greening layer after the surface treatment of the reinforcing layer.
Preferably, in step 4), pontoons are arranged in the process of pumping back the filled soil layer by the slurry conveying system, so as to support the slurry conveying equipment and enable constructors to walk.
Preferably, in step 6), the pressure of the vacuum consolidation is 80kPa to 85kPa.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) When the method is used for construction, accumulated water at the rear part in the reservoir area is not required to be discharged outside specially, the construction is carried out by pumping the viscous soil slurry through the slurry conveying equipment, the viscous soil is lifted step by step after being deposited, water flow naturally flows from the upper part of the viscous soil along a downhill slope to the rear part in the reservoir area, the accumulated water is discharged to the downstream of the tailing pond through the rear part flood discharge vertical shaft in the reservoir area, the downstream backwater can be recycled, external water diversion and discharge to the outside of the reservoir can be avoided, the overall construction period is short, and the environmental protection problems such as sewage discharge and the like are avoided.
(2) The application solves the problem that the backfill of the rear sealing field in the warehouse area has high requirement on the earth and stone square quantity, adopts slurry conveying equipment to prepare slurry from viscous soil and loam and then discharges the slurry into the warehouse, reduces the transportation cost of the earth and stone square, and besides, the backfill has lower requirement on the soil property, and the common viscous soil, silt soil or lake or river sediment can meet the requirements of pulping, conveying and backfilling, thereby greatly reducing the construction cost of the warehouse closing engineering.
(3) When the application is adopted for closing the storage and sealing the field, the viscous soil slurry is discharged to the rear part of the tailing storage area through the slurry conveying pipeline, accumulated water is discharged after the discharge and deposition are completed, and then the drainage system reinforcing layer is adopted for carrying out the foundation reinforcement treatment in a vacuumizing mode, so that the adverse effect caused by the soil squeezing effect during the backfilling of the sealing field is avoided.
(4) All the construction of the application is carried out within the range of the tailing pond area, and meanwhile, the water for preparing the clay slurry mainly comes from the accumulated water at the rear part in the tailing pond area, so that the water is not involved in external water and is not discharged outwards, the environmental risk is reduced, and the environment protection requirement is met.
(5) The method is characterized in that a partition soil ridge is built in the tailing pond, meanwhile, a backfill layer on one side of the partition soil ridge, which is close to the middle rear part of the pond area, is controlled to be lower than the partition soil ridge by a certain height, so that enough safe superelevation and flood regulating pond capacity are reserved, the length of a dry beach is ensured, the partition soil ridge is reserved after the pond is closed, the problem that the flood regulating pond capacity is insufficient due to the fact that the tailing pond is closed for a long time and the beach slope is slowed down is solved, and the method is beneficial to flood regulating safety of the tailing pond after the pond is closed.
(6) According to the application, the soft soil foundation of the rear tailing stacking area in the back-filled and reclaimed reservoir area is treated in a mode of vacuumizing a drainage system and a reinforcing layer, the bearing capacity of the treated foundation can meet the requirements of a beach surface drainage and diversion system when the reservoir is closed, and meanwhile, the engineering construction requirements of development and utilization of tailing reservoir sites are met, so that the method has important economic and social values.
(7) The application fully utilizes the original flood drainage system in the construction process, does not need to newly add the flood drainage system, and is beneficial to the safety of the tailing pond; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of small earth and stone side transportation capacity and low requirement on road transportation capacity, and the original entering road of the tailing pond can meet the transportation requirement of the tailing pond for closing and sealing the tailing pond, so that the method has small traffic safety hidden danger and is beneficial to safe construction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus for closing a tailings pond enclosure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for closing and sealing the tailings pond;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partitioned ridge of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a front dam tailings accumulation area structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the rear tailings accumulation section in the storage area of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the foundation of the apparatus for closing a tailings pond according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the foundation structure of the device for closing and sealing a tailings pond according to the present invention;
1, a tailing accumulation area in front of a dam; 2. reclaiming the soil layer; 3. grass seed greening layer; 4. a rear tailings accumulation zone in the reservoir zone; 5. backfill layer; 6. a drainage system; 7. a reinforcing layer; 8. partitioning soil ridges; 9. a slurry delivery device; 10. a clay impervious barrier layer; 11. a near-surface loam reclamation layer; 12. backfilling a clay base layer; 13. backfilling the loam with a reclamation layer; 14. backfilling the loam with a greening layer; 15. a plastic drain board; 16. a drainage main pipe; 17. a nonwoven geotextile; 18. a polyvinyl chloride film; 19. a viscous soil layer; 20. a vacuum sealing film; 21. a pontoon; 22. a tailings dam; 23. a vacuum monitoring instrument; 24. a vacuum pumping device; 25. and (5) cofferdam.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides an apparatus for closing a tailings pond enclosure, comprising:
The dam front tailing accumulation area 1 is filled with a reclaimed soil layer 2, the reclaimed soil layer 2 is obliquely arranged, and a grass seed greening layer 3 is arranged on the surface of the reclaimed soil layer 2;
The rear tailing stacking area 4 in the reservoir area is filled with a backfill layer 5, and a drainage system 6 is arranged in the backfill layer 5; the backfill layer 5 is covered with a reinforcing layer 7;
The partitioned soil ridge 8 is built between the front tailing accumulation area 1 of the dam and the rear tailing accumulation area 4 in the reservoir area; a plurality of slurry conveying devices 9 are fixedly arranged on the regional soil ridge 8, and the slurry conveying devices 9 extend to the rear tailing accumulation area 4 in the storage area.
The invention discloses a device for closing and sealing a tailing pond, which is characterized in that a tailing pond is divided into a front tailing accumulation area 1 and a rear tailing accumulation area 4 in a pond area by a partition ridge 8, wherein the front tailing accumulation area is backfilled with a reclamation soil layer 2 in a mechanical layered backfilling mode, the rear tailing accumulation area 4 in the pond area is firstly constructed with a backfill soil layer 5, then a drainage system 6 is constructed, then a reinforcing layer 7 is covered, and then the drainage system 6 and the reinforcing layer 7 are subjected to vacuum pumping and pressure reinforcement, so that the stability is improved; the slurry conveying equipment 9 on the partition soil ridge 8 is mainly used for pumping the viscous soil slurry to construct the backfill layer 5.
Further optimizing scheme, the cross section of the regional soil ridge 8 is trapezoid, the top end of the regional soil ridge 8 is flush with the reclaimed soil layer 2, the width of the bottom surface of the regional soil ridge 8 is 2m-4m, and the width of the top surface of the regional soil ridge 8 is 1m-3m. The partition ridge 8 is mainly used for separating the front tailing accumulation area 1 of the dam from the rear tailing accumulation area 4 in the reservoir area and is used as a backfill support and an installation position of the slurry conveying equipment 9; the material of the regional soil ridge 8 is mainly cohesive soil, the plasticity index of the cohesive soil is larger than 17, and part of mining waste stones can be added or sand is adopted for bagging and then piling up to form the soil ridge according to the requirements of site environment and bearing capacity, so that the strength of the regional soil ridge 8 is improved; the construction quality of the regional soil ridge 8 is strictly controlled in the construction process. The stacking height meets the design safety ultrahigh requirement, and the bearing capacity meets the requirements of personnel walking and equipment layout.
Furthermore, the height of the regional ridge 8 is not less than the maximum required thickness of the reclaimed soil layer 2, and the height is 1m-2m.
Further optimizing scheme, the reclamation soil layer 2 comprises a clay seepage-proofing barrier layer 10 and a near-surface loam reclamation layer 11 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the thickness of the clay seepage-proofing barrier layer 10 is 30cm-50cm, and the thickness of the near-surface loam reclamation layer 11 is 30cm-50cm; the clay impervious barrier layer 10 and the near-surface loam reclamation layer 11 are obliquely arranged towards the regional soil ridge 8, and the inclination is 1% -3%. Firstly, backfilling 30-50cm of cohesive soil on the surface of a tailings accumulation area 1 in front of a dam to serve as a clay seepage-proofing barrier layer 10, then backfilling 30-50cm of loam above the clay seepage-proofing barrier layer 10 to serve as a near-surface loam reclamation layer 11, wherein in the process of covering soil, the clay seepage-proofing barrier layer 10 and the near-surface loam reclamation layer 11 are required to be controlled to form a certain gradient by a front-dam partition ridge 8, the gradient is controlled to be 1-3%, and grass seeds are sowed on the surface of the near-surface loam reclamation layer 11 to carry out greening after the soil covering is completed to form a grass seed greening layer 3.
According to a further optimization scheme, the backfill layer 5 comprises a clay backfill base layer 12, a loam backfill reclamation layer 13 and a loam backfill greening layer 14 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the thickness of the clay backfill base layer 12 is 30cm-50cm, and the thickness of the loam backfill reclamation layer 13 is 30cm-50cm. When in construction, clay slurry is discharged to a rear tailing stacking area 4 in a storage area through slurry conveying equipment 9 to form a clay backfill base layer 12, after the thickness of the clay backfill base layer 12 deposited by the clay slurry reaches 30-50cm, a pontoon 21 is paved in the rear direction in the storage area above the clay backfill base layer 12, the width of the pontoon 21 is 0.8-1.5 m, the length is 30-100 m, the bearing capacity of the clay backfill base layer 12 after the clay backfill base layer is deposited in the previous time is flexibly adjusted until the rear tailing area in the storage area is completely covered by the clay backfill base layer 12, and finally, an original flood drainage system is started to completely drain accumulated water in the storage area; and after the hardness of the clay backfill foundation layer 12 reaches the standard, repeating the steps to backfill the loam slurry of 30cm-50cm again, and settling to form a loam backfill reclamation layer 13.
Further, the slurry conveying apparatus 9 includes a slurry pump and a slurry conveying pipeline, which are all common apparatuses, and will not be described herein.
Further optimizing scheme, the drainage system 6 comprises a plurality of plastic drainage plates 15, the bottom ends of the plastic drainage plates 15 penetrate through the clay backfill foundation layer 12 and extend into the rear tailing stacking area 4 in the storage area, and the top ends of the plastic drainage plates 15 extend out of the loam backfill greening layer 14 and are communicated with a drainage main pipe 16. The plastic drainage plates 15 are vertically inserted into the backfill layer 5 until the bottom ends penetrate through the backfill layer 5, a plurality of plastic drainage plates 15 are communicated through the drainage main pipe 16, accumulated water in the backfill layer 5 is discharged in an auxiliary mode, the hardness of the accumulated water reaches the standard, and the accumulated water is used as a framework to increase the strength of the backfill layer 5; and simultaneously serves as a channel for post-vacuum reinforcement.
In a further optimized scheme, the reinforcing layer 7 comprises a nonwoven geotextile 17, two layers of polyvinyl chloride films 18, a cohesive soil layer 19 and a vacuum sealing film 20 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; a non-woven geotextile 17 covers the top end of the drainage main pipe 16. A layer of non-woven geotextile 17 is paved on the drainage main pipe 16, and a polyvinyl chloride film 18, a clay layer 19 and a vacuum sealing film 20 are paved on the non-woven geotextile in sequence for ensuring sealing; the non-woven geotextile is used for increasing the bonding strength with the surface of the backfill layer; the polyvinyl chloride film 18 and the vacuum sealing film 20 are the same in material and are all used for maintaining tightness; the clay layer 19 is to support the polyvinyl chloride film 18 and the vacuum sealing film 20.
A method for closing a tailings pond enclosure, comprising the steps of:
Constructing a zoned soil ridge 8, and dividing a front tailing accumulation zone 1 and a rear tailing accumulation zone 4 in a reservoir zone; determining the distribution position of the regional soil ridge 8 according to the measured current topography of the tailings pond, the capacity of the tailings pond, the dam height and the like, determining the distribution position of the regional soil ridge 8 by combining the physical and mechanical property indexes of the tailings and the calculated foundation bearing capacity of the tailings pond, building the regional soil ridge 8, wherein the material of the regional soil ridge 8 is mainly cohesive soil, and adding part of mining waste stones or piling up the regional soil ridge 8 after bagging by sand according to the requirements of site environment and bearing capacity, thereby improving the strength of the regional soil ridge 8.
Filling the reclamation soil layer 2 until the reclamation soil layer is level with the top end of the regional soil ridge 8, and paving a grass seed greening layer 3; the construction of closing and reclaiming the tailings accumulation area 1 in front of the dam between the regional ridge 8 and the tailings dam 22 is carried out, firstly, clay is used for backfilling to form a clay impermeable barrier layer 10, the clay impermeable barrier layer is inclined from the tailings dam 22 to the regional ridge 8 according to the gradient of 1% -3% in the backfilling process, and the backfilling thickness is 30-50cm; and (3) after the backfilling of the clay impermeable barrier layer 10 is completed, carrying out downhill backfilling by loam to form a near-surface loam reclamation layer 11, backfilling the loam with the thickness of 30-50cm at one side close to the regional soil ridge 8 to be flush with the regional soil ridge 8, sowing grass seeds on the surface layer of the backfilled region to form a grass seed greening layer 3, and completing the closing and reclamation sealing field of the tailings accumulation region 1 before the dam.
Erecting a slurry conveying device 9; firstly, arranging slurry conveying equipment 9 near a partition soil ridge 8, erecting slurry conveying pipelines from the partition soil ridge 8 into a tailing accumulation area 4 at the rear part in a storage area, controlling the interval of pipeline outlets to be 10-50 m, and extending the conveying pipelines into the storage for 3-10 m.
Filling a backfill layer 5 into a rear tailing stacking area 4 in the reservoir area; reclamation is carried out on the regional ridge 8 and the rear tailing piling area in the reservoir area, after erection of the slurry conveying equipment 9 is completed, clay slurry is discharged into the rear tailing piling area 4 in the reservoir area to form a clay backfill base layer 12, after the deposition thickness of the clay reaches 30cm-50cm, a pontoon 21 is paved on the clay backfill base layer 12 towards the rear part in the reservoir area, the width of the pontoon 21 is 0.8m-1.5m, the length is 30m-100m, and the specific length is determined according to the backfill bearing capacity after the previous discharge deposition; then discharging loam slurry as loam backfilling layer 13 until the thickness of loam reaches 30cm-50cm; the operation in this step is repeated until the rear tailings accumulation zone 4 in the reservoir zone is completely backfilled with the backfill layer 5. After the back filling layer 5 is constructed in the rear tailing stacking area 4 in the reservoir area, dismantling a rear flood drainage well arch deck in the reservoir area to the elevation of the rear beach surface in the deposited reservoir area, evacuating accumulated water in the reservoir area, and reinforcing the soft soil foundation in the rear area in the reservoir area after airing for a certain time.
Installing a drainage system 6 and paving a reinforcing layer 7, and vacuumizing and reinforcing the reinforcing layer 7 and the backfill layer 5; leveling the top surface of the backfill layer 5, and partitioning the rear tailing stacking area 4 in the reservoir area after leveling; then constructing according to the following steps:
① Paving a working cushion layer on the leveled partitioned field, and adopting a crawler-type plate inserting machine to perform plate inserting work of the plastic drainage plate 15 according to the design, wherein the plastic drainage plate 15 is vertically inserted;
② After the plastic drain plate 15 is inserted into the board, a vacuum monitoring instrument 23 is embedded, a drain main pipe 16 is embedded, the drain main pipe 16 is connected with the vertical plastic drain plate 15, and the outer end of the drain main pipe 16 is connected with a vacuum pumping device 24;
③ A layer of non-woven geotextile 17 is paved on a drainage main pipe 16, a polyvinyl chloride film 18, a clay layer 19 and a vacuum sealing film 20 are paved on the non-woven geotextile in sequence, grooves are dug around each partition after the completion, edges of the polyvinyl chloride film 18 and the vacuum sealing film 20 are paved along the bottoms of the grooves for ensuring sealing, and a cofferdam 25 is formed by backfilling with clay after the completion;
④ Starting pre-vacuumizing, starting water-covering pre-pressing after the pressure under the membrane reaches 80-85 kPa and is stable, stopping vacuumizing and leveling after the consolidation degree and post-construction sedimentation meet the design requirement values after a certain time is continued, and finishing the foundation reinforcement treatment of the subarea;
⑤ And (5) performing foundation reinforcement on other subareas according to the sequence ①～④.
Paving a grass seed greening layer 3 after the surface treatment of the reinforcing layer 7; after the foundation treatment and reinforcement of all subareas are completed, uniformly constructing a beach surface drainage and diversion system in the tailing pond, and closing the tailing pond to seal the field after the construction is completed; then sowing grass seeds for greening to form a grass seed greening layer 3.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains are made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all changes and modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A device for closing a tailings pond enclosure, comprising:
The dam front tailing accumulation area (1), wherein the dam front tailing accumulation area (1) is filled with a reclamation soil layer (2), the reclamation soil layer (2) is obliquely arranged, and a grass seed greening layer (3) is arranged on the surface of the reclamation soil layer (2);
The rear tailing stacking area (4) in the reservoir area is filled with a backfill soil layer (5), and a drainage system (6) is arranged in the backfill soil layer (5); the backfill layer (5) is covered with a reinforcing layer (7);
A zoned ridge (8), wherein the zoned ridge (8) is built between the front tailing accumulation area (1) of the dam and the rear tailing accumulation area (4) in the reservoir area; a plurality of slurry conveying devices (9) are fixedly arranged on the partition soil ridge (8), and the slurry conveying devices (9) extend to a rear tailing accumulation area (4) in the storage area;
a method of closing a tailings pond based on a device for closing a pond, comprising the steps of:
1) Constructing a regional ridge (8) to divide a front tailing accumulation area (1) and a rear tailing accumulation area (4) in a reservoir area;
2) Filling the reclamation soil layer (2) until the reclamation soil layer is flush with the top end of the regional soil ridge (8), and paving a grass seed greening layer (3);
3) Erecting a slurry conveying device (9);
4) Filling a backfill layer (5) into a rear tailing stacking area (4) in the reservoir area;
5) Installing a drainage system (6);
6) Paving a reinforcing layer (7), and vacuumizing and reinforcing the reinforcing layer (7) and the backfill layer (5);
7) And (3) paving a grass seed greening layer (3) after the surface treatment of the reinforcing layer (7).
2. The apparatus for a tailings pond closure according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the regional soil ridge (8) is trapezoid, the top end of the regional soil ridge (8) is flush with the reclaimed soil layer (2), the width of the bottom surface of the regional soil ridge (8) is 2m-4m, and the width of the top surface of the regional soil ridge (8) is 1m-3m.
3. The apparatus for a tailings pond closure according to claim 1, wherein: the reclamation soil layer (2) comprises a clay seepage-proofing barrier layer (10) and a near-surface loam reclamation layer (11) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the thickness of the clay impermeable barrier layer (10) is 30cm-50cm, and the thickness of the near-surface loam reclamation layer (11) is 30cm-50cm.
4. A device for a tailings pond closure according to claim 3, wherein: the clay impervious barrier layer (10) and the near-surface loam reclamation layer (11) are obliquely arranged towards the regional soil ridge (8), and the inclination is 1% -3%.
5. The apparatus for a tailings pond closure according to claim 1, wherein: the backfill soil layer (5) comprises a clay backfill base layer (12), a loam backfill reclamation layer (13) and a loam backfill greening layer (14) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the thickness of the clay backfill base layer (12) is 30cm-50cm, and the thickness of the loam backfill reclamation layer (13) is 30cm-50cm.
6. The apparatus for tailings pond closure according to claim 5, wherein: the drainage system (6) comprises a plurality of plastic drainage plates (15), wherein the bottom ends of the plastic drainage plates (15) penetrate through the clay backfill base layer (12) and extend into the rear tailing stacking area (4) in the storage area, and the top ends of the plastic drainage plates (15) extend out of the loam backfill greening layer (14) and are communicated with a drainage main pipe (16).
7. The apparatus for tailings pond closure according to claim 6, wherein: the reinforcing layer (7) comprises a non-woven geotextile (17), two layers of polyvinyl chloride films (18), a cohesive soil layer (19) and a vacuum sealing film (20) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the non-woven geotextile (17) is covered on the top end of the main drainage pipe (16).
8. The apparatus for a tailings pond closure according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), a pontoon (21) is arranged in the process of pumping back the filling layer (5) by the slurry conveying system, and the slurry conveying equipment (9) is supported and the construction personnel can walk.
9. The apparatus for a tailings pond closure according to claim 1, wherein: in step 6), the pressure of vacuum reinforcement is 80kPa to 85kPa.
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| CN202000301U (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-10-05 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Novel device for prolonging tailing clarification distance |
| WO2014066974A1 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-08 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Tailings management techniques and sand dump operations for extraction tailings |
| CN109496481A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-22 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Tailings Dam closes library and reclaims System and method for |
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| CN217399609U (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-09-09 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Device for closing and sealing tailing pond |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110959567B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-11-12 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Ecological protection method for coastal mudflat and used system |
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| CN202000301U (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2011-10-05 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Novel device for prolonging tailing clarification distance |
| WO2014066974A1 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-08 | Suncor Energy Inc. | Tailings management techniques and sand dump operations for extraction tailings |
| CN109496481A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-22 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Tailings Dam closes library and reclaims System and method for |
| CN111501730A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-07 | 中核第四研究设计工程有限公司 | Vacuum preloading drainage consolidation method for uranium tailing mud |
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