TW317499B - - Google Patents

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TW317499B
TW317499B TW085104361A TW85104361A TW317499B TW 317499 B TW317499 B TW 317499B TW 085104361 A TW085104361 A TW 085104361A TW 85104361 A TW85104361 A TW 85104361A TW 317499 B TW317499 B TW 317499B
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TW085104361A
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Merck Patent Gmbh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/32Surgical cutting instruments
    • A61B17/3205Excision instruments
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1659Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28Bones
    • A61F2/2846Support means for bone substitute or for bone graft implants, e.g. membranes or plates for covering bone defects
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1662Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1664Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the hip
    • A61B17/1668Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the hip for the upper femur

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(Ί) 本》明疋一種將人工骨内彌補物植入長骨中時,用以製 備骨髓腔的裝置。本裝置由錐予及銼刀所組成。 不官人工骨内彌補物是植入於那一段長骨(近髖部的股 =骨幹,近肩膀的肱骨骨幹,或是近膝關節的脛骨/股骨 骨幹等等)的骨髓腔,骨髓腔都必須製備成適於所選用人 工彌補物的形狀及大小。在這方面有一點要列入考慮的是 ,不管人工彌補物是否要用骨泥(cement)來予以固定(anch〇red) ,都必須使用適合於人工彌補物形狀的錐子及銼刀來完成 此製備工作。爲了達成此目的,在切開骨頭後,例如髁部 的切除時,海綿骨及骨髓要予以鑿除,並且要有一支點來 承接人工彌補物的主體。此處的空間須準確測量,使人工 彌補物不用到骨泥亦可穩固住,或者要留下足夠的空間以 供骨泥固定用,並使骨泥能與殘留海绵骨的骨小梁相結合 以目則此型的錐子及銼刀爲例,—般是以金屬材料製成 ,主體的大小及外在的形狀,能精確地符合於且適合於欲 植入人工彌補物的主體部份。錐子通常是圓柱體形,而銼 刀則依人工彌補物的實際主體狀設計,錐子或銼刀的主體 外表製成銳齒狀。將錐子主體裝入骨髓腔時,骨髓腔要先 切開,並以其爲中心軸,依順時針方向旋入錐子。將銼刀 的主體壓入切開的長骨’並作上下或前後移動,使人工彌 補物能穩固地支持住。 以前面所提的錐子及銼刀爲例’那些欲鑿除的材料主要 都是骨頭的碎片,會殘留在骨髓腔中。這些欲鑿除的材料 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS〉A4規格(210X297公釐〉 — "•訂 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} .線 經濟部中央揉準局員工消費合作社印衮 317499 A7 ____B7 五、發明説明(2) 甚至會沉積下來而與血液、軟組織或任何存在的各種灌決 液狀混合。結果使得兹刀在移動時,這些欲馨除材料的混 合物除非能充份地集中,且完全切除掉,否則都會被μ 由靠近關節的骨頭切口而流入軟組織部份當中。這立中一 部份會流入海綿骨的骨小梁孔洞中,—部份會流到骨聽腔 的周邊。爲了要避免欲馨除材料流入海錦骨的骨小梁孔洞 中,或爲了要清出骨小梁的各孔洞,在製備骨髓腔時,器 械需經常地移動操作以便灌洗該骨髓腔。這些灌洗的液體 亦會流散至靠近關節的軟組織部位中。 這些器.械以及其操作方法有以下缺點: 這些流入軟组織部位中的骨質產生了某些影響,特別是 會造成異位性的骨化現象(heter〇t〇pie 〇ssifica_,例如,對 30%至80%的髖部人工骨内彌補物有不利影響。 欲寥除材料會將海綿骨的骨小梁孔洞阻塞住,骨泥則會 因無法渗入骨小梁孔洞而不能達到固定作用,也因此無法 達成充份的結合。 在灌入骨泥或裝入人工彌補物時,在海綿骨骨小梁孔洞 中的欲塞除材料會被返流入血液中,引發一種脂防检塞徵 候群(fat-embolism syndrome;。 在製備骨髓腔的過程中’器械需經常地移動操作以便將 欲鑿除材料從骨髓腔中沖洗出。 而本發明的目的,便是要製造出一種在作長骨的人工彌 補物手術時’用以製備骨髓腔的裝置。而且此裝置並沒有 以上所提到的各項缺點。 -5 - 本紙張Hi用t目S家標準(CNS ) Α4ϋ:7710χ297公们 I I I 裝— I I I訂 I I 線 -··-- .· (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印裝 五、發明説明(3) 根據本發明,此目的係藉用以製備骨髓腔|由錐子及 刀所組成(n來達成’每—塊主體都設計成令空狀,切 割齒上有開口以便可裝入主體的内部。經由這些結構上: 規格,本發明的錐子及娃刀可做到··以慣用的方法操作時 ’骨頭碎片及骨髓等成份可以被導進主體㈣冑。在製 骨髓腔的過程中,可以將這些成份集中並以各別適合的器 械予以除離。 利用抽吸方式將集中在主體内部的欲鑿除材科除 便::。爲了達成此目的,器械近端要有—開孔(aperture) ,可伸入王體内#,衫附帶或連接著一袖吸裝置。 以間斷或連續的㈣方式,可以更有效地將㈣除材料 除掉。因此’在錐子或娃刀的近侧開孔處,連接組合式的 =洗=抽吸装置是較恰當的。經由這些裝置,灌洗出的液 體可導入器械,例如像是套管的内部。假使器械的遠侧末 端也有開孔是特別有利的。假使灌洗用套管可伸至開孔, 或經由該開孔件入至骨髓腔,則灌洗液體主要是沖洗錐子 及娃刀體的外園,且欲m除材料則會經由切别齒的開口, 有效地導進入主體的内部,而該欲塞除材料則可由此處以 抽吸的方式予以除離。 在近側末端及遠侧末越具有額外開孔的器械具體實施例 中’也可利用已知適於人工彌補物的集中裳置來引導這此 欲馨除材料。這種集中裝置可利用一根桿子,這根捍子是 «腔的㈣腔板塊上。集置 與灌洗用套管也可以同時存在。 -6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ”丨裝------訂------線 ·< (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 317499 經濟部中央橾準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(” 本發明具有以下各優點: 可避免骨髓等流質流入近關節的软組織處。 可避免欲鑿除材料流入海綿骨的小梁孔洞中。 骨髓腔内流質滲透進入血流中(脂肪栓塞徵候群)的現象 會減小:一方面是因爲欲馨除物質不會由海绵骨的骨小梁 孔洞中被迫流入血流中;另一方面則因器械的開放性結構 會預防壓力的病理性累積。 由於欲鑿除材料並沒有將海綿骨的骨小梁孔洞阻塞住, 所以經由骨泥與海綿骨的結合,可達到較佳的加強作用。 由於有可能可免除迄今其他手術方法都需要的灌洗程序 ,因此手術過程可變得較爲快速。 另外,相對於其他一般的封閉實體,本發明中器械的開 放性結構,可避免因初期發生脂肪栓塞徵候群而導致的骨 髓·内壓力增加。 本發明之製備骨髓腔的裝置,可適用於所有類墊的骨趙 腔内人工彌補物之植入(股骨、肱骨 '脛骨等等),而且不 論是否以骨泥固定人工彌補物亦都可適用。 錐子及敛刀的形狀及大小是依照所用的人工彌補物來製 造,並且可依一般方法來使用。以連續式的拙吸方法爲例 ,抽吸裝置是外加且可連結於器械上。以外加的直接灌洗 爲例,也連接有灌洗系統。在製備骨髓腔的過程中,該骨 髓腔的沖洗裝置(flushing_〇vrt)是可以完全不需要的,或是需 要性減至最低。因此可避免四散的骨質流入软組織部位中 -7 I- n I n n n —裝 I I I I I I 訂 I I 線 r '· , (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 郡 - r - - 第85104361號專利申請案 中文説明書修正頁(86年元月) 7Γ7 B7 月 五、發明説明() 圖式之簡單説明: 圖1爲一銼刀之側視圖具有一中空之形狀人工修補物外 形,其附有一抽吸裝置。 圖2爲一錐子之剖面視圖顯示徑向突出之齒部及軸向延 伸之邊緣。 元組件編號之説明: 1 銼刀 2 銼刀主體 ' 2 a錐子主體 — 3 中空體 3 a中空體 4 切割齒 4 a切割齒 5 開 口 5 a 開 口 6 近側開口 7 遠側開口 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先>1讀背面之注意事項再填寫太頁) 8 頸部及圓錐部 7a 本紙乐尺度適用中國國家標準(<:!^)八4規格(2丨0>< 297公釐)
7#^9i〇«61號專利申請案 中文説明書修正頁ί86年元扪
五、發明説明( 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 在下文中將對本發明有更詳實的細節敘述,以下將以用 於股骨人工彌補物的錐子及姓刀爲例。 如圖1,以一張銼刀的縱切面圖形讓説明更具體化。銼 刀1的外形相當於傳統股骨人工彌補物的外形,特別是銼 刀主體部是依照人工彌補物的主體而纟。在課部完成切除 工作後’而要製備骨髓腔時’就需用到此器械來作出人工 彌補物主體的支持點。 銼刀的主體2設計成中空體3,切割兹4則排列在主趙的 外圍,切割齒4有一往下的斜度。切割齒的内腹側有開口5 ,可依切割齒的位置排入設計成中空體3的銼刀主體内部 。銼刀主體的近側及遠側末端分別有開孔6及開孔7。若有 需要,可以由這些開孔處導入集中裝置(圖中未標示)^另 外,抽吸裝置(圖中未標示)或組合式的灌洗及抽吸裝置( 圖中未標示),也可連結於近側的開孔6上。銼刀的頸部及 圓錐部8可用已知方式設計,用來承接握把(圖中未標示) ,以便將銼刀裝入或承接樣本(specimen)的頭部。 、圖2是錐子的橫切面圖。完成髁部的切除後,製備骨髓 腔的方法,疋將此器械以隨後將提到的順時針圓周式旋轉 方向旋入,並鑿出該處的骨頭^切割齒“有一往側邊斜下 的角度,並位於設計成中空狀3 &的錐子.主體部分2a。切^ 割齒的末端是指向器械内部3 a的開口 5 ^。 本纸張尺度相巾關家縣(CNS )〜規格(2丨q X 29?公歷) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本瓦)

Claims (1)

  1. A8 第85104361號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍修正本(86年元月> 4*8 C8 D8 FW日料
    申請專利範圍 2. 4. —種在長骨處作人工骨内彌補物手術時用 之裝置,具係由錐子及銼刀所組成,每一塊主骨髓腔 於彌補物主體的大小及形狀’且主體外側有 特徵是銼刀主體(2,2a)設計成中空體(3.,3 ) 、 v 叫,且切割齒(4 ’ 4a)有開口(5,5a)指向主體的内部。 根據申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其特徵是開口(5,5勾位 於切割齒(4,4a)的内腹側。 根據申請專利範圍第1項或第2項之裝置,其特徵是切割 齒(4,.4a)有一往下或往外側啲斜度。 根據申請專利範圍第!項之装置,其特徵是在主體(2,2a) 的近側末端’有開孔⑹可連結抽吸裝置或灌洗/抽吸裝置 >•根據申請專利範圍第4項之裝置,其特徵是主體(2,2a)的 遠側末端有開孔⑺。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •装. *-° 經濟部中夬標準局員工消费合作社印製 本紙張尺度賴巾 ( CNS ) Α4^ ( 2Ϊ〇Χ 297^«Τ
TW085104361A 1995-06-09 1996-04-12 TW317499B (zh)

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DE19521053A DE19521053A1 (de) 1995-06-09 1995-06-09 Instrumentarium zur Markraumvorbereitung

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TW317499B true TW317499B (zh) 1997-10-11

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US (1) US5707374A (zh)
EP (1) EP0747015A1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH09532A (zh)
KR (1) KR970000193A (zh)
CN (1) CN1141765A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ162496A3 (zh)
DE (1) DE19521053A1 (zh)
PL (1) PL314562A1 (zh)
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CZ162496A3 (en) 1996-12-11
DE19521053A1 (de) 1996-12-12
KR970000193A (ko) 1997-01-21
US5707374A (en) 1998-01-13
EP0747015A1 (de) 1996-12-11
CN1141765A (zh) 1997-02-05
PL314562A1 (en) 1996-12-23

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