TW202323346A - 兩性離子樹脂及其製造方法 - Google Patents
兩性離子樹脂及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202323346A TW202323346A TW110145708A TW110145708A TW202323346A TW 202323346 A TW202323346 A TW 202323346A TW 110145708 A TW110145708 A TW 110145708A TW 110145708 A TW110145708 A TW 110145708A TW 202323346 A TW202323346 A TW 202323346A
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- mixture
- thermal process
- crosslinking agent
- zwitterionic resin
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Abstract
一種兩性離子樹脂,其藉由包括以下步驟的製造方法製造而成。對第一交聯劑以及含羥基或胺基膽鹼進行第一熱製程,以形成第一混合物,其中第一交聯劑包括異氰酸酯基團。對第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑以及胺基酸進行第二熱製程,以形成兩性離子樹脂,其中擴鏈劑包括多元醇。
Description
本揭露內容是有關於一種樹脂及其製造方法,特別是有關於一種兩性離子樹脂及其製造方法。
現今社會的人們由於工作繁忙,往往沒有過多的時間及心力清洗帶有污漬的衣物,有時甚至將衣物累積數天未清洗,此舉容易導致污漬嵌入至纖維中而難以去除。因此,需要一種兼具去汙抑菌及除臭效果的衣物,以增加生活的便利性。然而,目前市面上大多數具有去汙抑菌及除臭效果的紡織品常常無法穩定地維持效果,且隨著穿戴次數的增加,其抗污抑菌的功能會逐漸退化,無法滿足使用者的需求。因此,如何提升並維持紡織品的去汙抑菌及除臭效果仍為紡織業者積極研究的重要課題。
本揭露內容提供一種兩性離子樹脂,可提供以其所製得的機能性織物良好的吸濕快乾性、去汙抑菌性、消臭性以及水洗牢度。
根據本揭露一些實施方式,一種兩性離子樹脂的製造方法包括以下步驟。對第一交聯劑及含羥基或胺基膽鹼進行第一熱製程,以形成第一混合物,其中第一交聯劑包括異氰酸酯基團。對第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑及胺基酸進行第二熱製程,以形成兩性離子樹脂,其中擴鏈劑包括多元醇。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,第一交聯劑的分子結構與第二交聯劑的分子結構相同。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,第一熱製程的反應溫度介於80℃至110℃之間,且所述第一熱製程的反應時間介於5分鐘至20分鐘之間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,第二熱製程的反應溫度介於130℃至150℃之間,且所述第二熱製程的反應時間介於3分鐘至5分鐘之間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,進行第二熱製程包括以下步驟。對第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑、胺基酸及消泡劑進行第二熱製程,以形成兩性離子樹脂,其中消泡劑包括聚醯胺、聚醯胺衍生物或其組合。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,胺基酸包括酪胺酸、麩胺酸、聚麩胺酸、天門冬胺酸或其組合。
根據本揭露一些實施方式,一種兩性離子樹脂藉由包括以下步驟的製造方法製造而成。對第一交聯劑及含羥基或胺基膽鹼進行第一熱製程,以形成第一混合物,其中第一交聯劑包括異氰酸酯基團。對第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑及胺基酸進行第二熱製程,以形成兩性離子樹脂,其中擴鏈劑包括多元醇。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,多元醇包括季戊四醇。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,第一交聯劑的使用量介於27重量份至45重量份間,且含羥基或含胺基膽鹼的使用量介於2重量份至10重量份間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,擴鏈劑的使用量介於3重量份至9重量份間,且胺基酸的使用量介於4重量份至10重量份間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,第二交聯劑的使用量介於3重量份至5重量份間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,兩性離子樹脂的製造方法更包括以下步驟。混合第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑及胺基酸,以形成第二混合物,其中第二混合物的黏度介於1.5cP至10cP間。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,進行第二熱製程包括以下步驟。對第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑、胺基酸及消泡劑進行第二熱製程,以形成兩性離子樹脂,其中消泡劑包括聚醯胺、聚醯胺衍生物或其組合。
在本揭露一些實施方式中,兩性離子樹脂的製造方法更包括以下步驟。混合第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑、胺基酸及消泡劑,以形成第三混合物,其中第三混合物的黏度介於1.5cP至10cP間。
根據本揭露上述實施方式,本揭露的兩性離子樹脂可牢固地配置於基布上以形成機能性織物,從而使機能性織物具有的良好的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性及水洗牢度。此外,兩性離子樹脂可透過含浸壓吸或噴墨塗佈的方式配置於基布上,從而具有多元的應用性。在兩性離子樹脂的製備過程中,透過兩段式熱製程的設計,可確保第一交聯劑進行分段式反應,使得後續所形成的兩性離子樹脂具有較複雜的網狀結構,有利於提升機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性以及水洗牢度。藉此,以兩性離子樹脂所製得的機能性織物於多次洗滌後仍可良好地維持其功能,更可廣泛地應用於機能性服飾紡織品的領域。
以下將以圖式揭露本揭露之複數個實施方式,為明確地說明起見,許多實務上的細節將在以下敘述中一併說明。然而,應瞭解到,這些實務上的細節不應用以限制本揭露。也就是說,在本揭露部分實施方式中,這些實務上的細節是非必要的,因此不應用以限制本揭露。此外,為簡化圖式起見,一些習知慣用的結構與元件在圖式中將以簡單示意的方式繪示之。另外,為了便於讀者觀看,圖式中各元件的尺寸並非依實際比例繪示。
在本文中,有時以鍵線式(skeleton formula)表示聚合物或基團的結構。這種表示法可省略碳原子、氫原子以及碳氫鍵。當然,結構式中有明確繪出原子或原子基團的,則以繪示者為準。
本揭露內容提供一種兩性離子樹脂,其可牢固地配置在基布上,以提升以其所製得的機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性及水洗牢度,有效解決習知的機能性織物的耐水洗性不足及使用壽命短的問題。此外,本揭露的兩性離子樹脂可透過含浸壓吸的方式或噴墨塗佈的方式配置於基布上,從而具有多元的應用性。
請參閱第1圖,其繪示根據本揭露一些實施方式的兩性離子樹脂的製造方法的流程圖。兩性離子樹脂的製造方法包括步驟S10至S20。在步驟S10中,對第一交聯劑及含羥基或胺基膽鹼進行第一熱製程,以形成第一混合物。在步驟S20中,對第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑及胺基酸進行第二熱製程,以形成兩性離子樹脂。在以下敘述中,將進一步說明上述各步驟。
首先,提供第一交聯劑以及含羥基或胺基膽鹼。在一些實施方式中,第一交聯劑可包括異氰酸酯三聚體(isocyanate trimer)。具體而言,第一交聯劑可包括如式(1)所示的結構,
式(1),其中R
1可包括異氰酸酯基團,且R
2可包括封閉型異氰酸酯基團。舉例而言,第一交聯劑可衍生自脂肪族異氰酸酯,例如六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(hexamethylene diisocyanate,HDI)、苯二甲基二異氰酸酯(xylylene diisocyanate,XDI)、三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate,TMHDI)、氫化甲伸苯基二異氰酸酯(hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate,HTDI)、異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯(isophorone diisocyanate,IPDI)、二環己基甲烷-4,4'-二異氰酸酯(dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate,HMDI)三聚體或其組合。舉另一例而言,第一交聯劑可衍生自芳香族異氰酸酯,例如甲伸苯基二異氰酸酯(tolylene diisocyanate,TDI)、二苯甲烷二異氰酸酯(diphenyl methane diisocyanate,MDI)三聚體或其組合。在一些實施方式中,第一交聯劑中的封閉型異氰酸酯基團可例如是3,5-二甲基吡唑(3,5-dimethylpyrazole),亦即如式(2)所示的結構,
式(2)。藉由使第一交聯劑同時包括異氰酸酯基團以及封閉型異氰酸酯基團,可確保第一交聯劑在後續的第一熱製程期間僅部分地反應,從而保留部分的反應性以於接續的第二熱製程期間進一步反應。如此一來,可使所形成的兩性離子樹脂具有複雜的網狀結構,有利於提升其所製得的機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性以及水洗牢度。
在一些實施方式中,含羥基或胺基膽鹼可例如是具有兩性離子基團的醇類或胺類。在一些實施方式中,含羥基膽鹼可包括如式(3)所示的結構,
式(3)。在一些實施方式中,含胺基膽鹼可包括如式(4)所示的結構,
式(4),其中X
-可例如是使含羥基或胺基膽鹼保持中性的抗衡離子,例如Cl
-、OH
-或酒石酸根。含羥基或胺基膽鹼中所具有的兩性離子基團可被保留於後續形成的兩性離子樹脂中,從而提供兩性離子樹脂良好的吸濕快乾性及去汙抑菌性。
接著,進行步驟S10,對第一交聯劑以及含羥基或胺基膽鹼進行第一熱製程,以形成第一混合物。具體而言,第一交聯劑中的異氰酸酯基團可與含羥基或胺基膽鹼中的羥基或胺基反應,以形成第一混合物。在一些實施方式中,第一熱製程的反應溫度可介於80℃至110℃間,且第一熱製程的反應時間可介於5分鐘至20分鐘間,以確保反應順利地推進。在一些實施方式中,當第一交聯劑是與含羥基膽鹼進行反應時,第一熱製程的反應溫度可介於90℃至110℃間,而當第一交聯劑是與含胺基膽鹼進行反應時,第一熱製程的反應溫度可介於80℃至110℃間。在一些實施方式中,第一交聯劑的使用量可介於27重量份至45重量份間,且含羥基或含胺基膽鹼的使用量可介於2重量份至10重量份間,從而有助於每一個含羥基或胺基膽鹼皆可與第一交聯劑的異氰酸酯基團反應。
隨後,提供第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑以及胺基酸。在一些實施方式中,第二交聯劑可包括異氰酸酯三聚體。具體而言,第二交聯劑可包括如前述式(1)所示的結構,其中R
1可包括異氰酸酯基團,且R
2可包括封閉型異氰酸酯基團。舉例而言,第二交聯劑可衍生自脂肪族異氰酸酯,例如是六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(HDI)、苯二甲基二異氰酸酯(XDI)、氫化甲伸苯基二異氰酸酯(HTDI)、異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯(IPDI)、二環己基甲烷-4,4'-二異氰酸酯(HMDI)、三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(TMHDI)三聚體或其組合。舉另一例而言,第二交聯劑可衍生自芳香族異氰酸酯,例如是甲伸苯基二異氰酸酯(TDI)、二苯甲烷二異氰酸酯(MDI)三聚體或其組合。在一些實施方式中,第二交聯劑中的封閉型異氰酸酯基團可例如是3,5-二甲基吡唑,即如前述式(2)所示的結構。在一些實施方式中,第二交聯劑的分子結構可與第一交聯劑的分子結構相同,使反應可趨於單純,從而提升各試劑於第二熱製程期間的反應性。在一些實施方式中,在以前述式(1)表示的第二交聯劑中,R
1及R
2可皆包括異氰酸酯基團(亦即,第二交聯劑可不具有封閉型異氰酸酯基團),從而確保第二交聯劑在後續的第二熱製程期間完全地反應。第二交聯劑可於後續的第二熱製程中提升兩性離子樹脂的鏈段長度及交聯程度,從而使兩性離子樹脂更牢固地配置在基布上,以提升以其所製得的機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性以及水洗牢度。
擴鏈劑包括多元醇。在一些實施方式中,多元醇可例如是乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、戊烷二元醇、己烷二元醇、辛烷二元醇、三乙二醇、四乙二醇、丙三醇、三甲醇甲烷、三甲醇乙烷、木醣醇、山梨糖醇、蔗糖、季戊四醇或其組合。在較佳的實施方式中,多元醇可例如是季戊四醇。類似於第二交聯劑的作用,擴鏈劑可於後續的第二熱製程中提升兩性離子樹脂的鏈段長度以及交聯程度,從而使兩性離子樹脂更牢固地配置在基布上,以提升以其所製得的機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性以及水洗牢度。
在一些實施方式中,胺基酸可例如是酪胺酸、麩胺酸、聚麩胺酸、天門冬胺酸或其組合。胺基酸的胺基及/或羧基可被保留於後續形成的兩性離子樹脂中,從而提供兩性離子樹脂良好的消臭性。在較佳的實施方式中,胺基酸可例如是天門冬胺酸。
接著,混合第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑以及胺基酸,以形成第二混合物。在一些實施方式中,當第一交聯劑的使用量介於27重量份至45重量份間時,第二交聯劑的使用量可介於3重量份至5重量份間,擴鏈劑的使用量可介於3重量份至9重量份間,且胺基酸的使用量可介於4重量份至10重量份間,從而提升各成分間的交聯程度。在一些實施方式中,第二混合物可適用於透過含浸壓吸的方式形成於基布的表面,從而在後續的第二熱製程期間形成為配置於基布上的兩性離子樹脂。在一些實施方式中,第二混合物的黏度可介於1.5cP至10cP間,從而有利於基布的含浸。
在一些實施方式中,可進一步在第二混合物中添加0.01重量份至0.05重量份的消泡劑、0.05重量份至0.1重量份的界面活性劑及/或40重量份至350重量份的水,以形成第三混合物,其中第三混合物可適用於透過噴墨塗佈的方式形成於基布的表面,從而在後續的第二熱製程期間形成為配置於基布上的兩性離子樹脂,也就是說,第三混合物亦可被視為墨水。落在上述比例範圍中的消泡劑可確保第三混合物中不具有泡沫,並可有助於使第三混合物的黏度及表面張力落在合適的範圍中;而落在上述比例範圍中的界面活性劑可使第三混合物具有良好的動態安定性,以利於噴塗。在一些實施方式中,消泡劑可包括聚醚改性聚二甲基矽氧烷、破泡聚矽氧烷、溶於聚乙二醇中的破泡聚矽氧烷與憎水顆粒混合物、聚醯胺、聚醯胺衍生物或其組合,且界面活性劑可包括聚二甲基矽氧烷、聚醚改性矽氧烷、聚醚改性聚二甲基矽氧烷或其組合。在一些實施方式中,第三混合物的黏度可介於1.5cP至10cP間,使得噴印出的墨水液滴可具有合適的大小,並可使墨水具有合適的流動性以利於噴墨塗佈。
隨後,將第二混合物或第三混合物以其合適的方式配置於基布上。針對第二混合物而言,可將基布含浸於第二混合物中,使第二混合物覆蓋基布並滲透至基布中。更詳細而言,當將基布含浸於第二混合物中時,第二混合物中的各成分可各自附著於每一條纖維或紗線的表面,並且包覆每一條紗線。在一些實施方式中,可使用雙輥輪對含浸後的基布進行壓吸,從而去除基布表面多餘的第二混合物。針對第三混合物而言,可將第三混合物置入噴墨塗佈機中,從而透過噴墨塗佈的方式將第三混合物配置於基布的表面。更詳細而言,當將第三混合物噴塗於基布的表面時,第三混合物中的各成分可各自附著於每一條纖維或紗線全部或部分的表面。在一些實施方式中,基布可包括針織布、梭織布及不織布等。在一些實施方式中,基布的基底材料可例如是聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate),從而避免基布於後續的熱製程期間與第二混合物或第三混合物中的各成分進行化學反應。
接著,進行步驟S20,對配置於基布上的第二混合物(包括第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑及胺基酸)或第三混合物(包括第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑、胺基酸以及消泡劑、界面活性劑或水)進行第二熱製程,以形成兩性離子樹脂及機能性織物。詳細而言,在第二熱製程期間,附著於紗線表面的第二混合物或第三混合物中的各成分可相互反應而彼此交聯,以形成兩性離子樹脂,且兩性離子樹脂可牢固地配置於基布上從而形成機能性織物。舉例而言,在第二熱製程期間,第二交聯劑以及於第一熱製程期間未反應的第一交聯劑可各自進行交聯反應。舉另一例而言,擴鏈劑及胺基酸亦可於第二熱製程期間進行交聯反應。在一些實施方式中,第二熱製程的反應溫度可介於130℃至150℃間,且第二熱製程的反應時間可介於3分鐘至5分鐘間,以符合業界後整理加工製程的條件。
在一些實施方式中,機能性織物中的基布具有至少兩層。具體而言,基布的層間可以是由紗線或纖維在交織或堆疊後所自然形成的立體空間,且紗線或纖維可相互交織或纏繞於基布的兩層間。舉例而言,當機能性織物的基布為梭織布時,基布的層間可以是由緯紗將經紗隔開後所形成的立體空間。舉另一例而言,當機能性織物的基布為針織布時,基布的層間可以是紗線交織為紗圈後所形成的立體空間。舉又一例而言,當機能性織物的基布為不織布時,基布的層間可以是由紗線(或纖維)堆疊後所產生的間隙。在一些實施方式中,兩性離子樹脂可配置於基布的兩層間,以牢固地配置在基布上。舉例而言,兩性離子樹脂可包覆在基布的每一條紗線或纖維上,以配置於基布的兩層間。
在進行上述步驟S10至步驟S20後,便可得到機能性織物,且機能性織物中的兩性離子樹脂可牢固地配置於基布上。由於機能性織物中的兩性離子樹脂具有來自於含羥基或胺基膽鹼的兩性離子基團,因此其可具有良好的吸濕性以達到快速乾燥的效果,並可具有良好的去汙抑菌性。另外,由於機能性織物中的兩性離子樹脂具有來自於胺基酸的胺基及/或羧基,因此其可具有良好的除臭性。此外,藉由兩段式熱製程所形成的兩性離子樹脂可在基布的纖維或紗線上形成複雜的網狀結構,使得兩性離子樹脂可更牢固地配置於基布上。如此一來,可確保機能性織物具有良好的吸濕快乾性、去汙抑菌性、消臭性以及水洗牢度。
需特別說明的是,本揭露透過設計第一交聯劑的分子及設置第一熱製程與第二熱製程各自的反應溫度,從而確保第一交聯劑以及其於熱製程中所產生的衍生物是進行「分段式反應」。詳細而言,由於本揭露的第一交聯劑於溫度為80℃至110℃時僅部分地反應,而於溫度為130℃至150℃時可完全地反應,因此透過分別將第一熱製程以及第二熱製程的反應溫度設置在上述範圍中,可確保部分的第一交聯劑被保留於第二熱製程期間才開始進行交聯反應。如此一來,可使得後續形成的雙離子樹脂具有複雜的網狀結構,有利於提升機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性以及水洗牢度。另一方面,透過設計第二交聯劑的分子以及設置第二熱製程的反應溫度,亦可確保第二交聯劑於第二熱製程期間完全地反應,以利於交聯反應的進行。
下文將參照各實施例及各比較例,更具體地描述本揭露的特徵及功效。應瞭解到,在不逾越本揭露範疇的情況下,可適當地改變所用材料、其量及比例、處理細節及處理流程。因此,不應由下文所述的實施例對本揭露作出限制性的解釋。各實施例及各比較例中用以形成兩性離子樹脂的各成分與含量如表一所示,其中各實施例及各比較例的基布皆是PET針織布。各實施例是經由前文所述的步驟S10至S20製備而成的,其中第一熱製程的反應溫度為100℃,且第二熱製程的反應溫度為130℃。
表一
註1:括弧內為含量,其單位為重量份。
註2:水性架橋劑購自紡織產業綜合研究所。
註3:季戊四醇購自Aldrich。
註4:實施例7另添加0.02重量份的消泡劑及120重量份的水,其中消泡劑為聚醯胺衍生物。
註5:比較例2~3及實施例1~6中的兩性離子樹脂是使用含浸壓吸的方式配置於基布上,實施例7中的兩性離子樹脂是使用噴墨塗佈的方式配置於基布上。
<實驗例1:織物的吸濕快乾測試及去汙性>
第一交聯劑 | 含羥基或胺基膽鹼 | 第二交聯劑 | 擴鏈劑 | 胺基酸 | |
比較例1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
比較例2 | 水性架橋劑 (27) | 式(4),X -為Cl -(2) | 水性架橋劑 (3) | 季戊四醇 (3) | N/A |
比較例3 | 水性架橋劑 (36) | 式(3),X -為OH -(10) | 水性架橋劑 (4) | 季戊四醇 (4) | N/A |
實施例1 | 水性架橋劑 (38) | 式(4),X -為Cl -(8) | 水性架橋劑 (4) | 季戊四醇 (8) | 酪胺酸 (7) |
實施例2 | 水性架橋劑 (38) | 式(3),X -為OH -(8) | 水性架橋劑 (4) | 季戊四醇 (8) | 酪胺酸 (7) |
實施例3 | 水性架橋劑 (40) | 式(3),X -為OH -(10) | 水性架橋劑 (5) | 季戊四醇 (9) | 麩醯胺酸 (6) |
實施例4 | 水性架橋劑 (39) | 式(4),X -為OH -(10) | 水性架橋劑 (4) | 季戊四醇 (9) | 麩醯胺酸 (4) |
實施例5 | 水性架橋劑 (37) | 式(4),X -為OH -(10) | 水性架橋劑 (4) | 季戊四醇 (9) | 麩胺酸 (5) |
實施例6 | 水性架橋劑 (45) | 式(4),X -為OH -(10) | 水性架橋劑 (5) | 季戊四醇 (9) | 天門冬胺酸 (10) |
實施例7 | 水性架橋劑 (45) | 式(4),X -為OH -(10) | 水性架橋劑 (5) | 季戊四醇 (9) | 天門冬胺酸 (10) |
在本實驗例中,使用FTTS-FA-004標準方法對各實施例及各比較例進行吸濕快乾測試,並且使用AATCC 130標準方法對各實施例及各比較例進行去污測試。其中,實施例7更經歷50次水洗,並於50次水洗後再度進行測試。測試結果如表二所示。
表二
水洗次數(次) | 吸濕快乾測試結果(級) | 去汙性(級) | |
比較例1 | 0 | 2 | 2~3 |
比較例2 | 0 | 4 | 4~5 |
比較例3 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
實施例1 | 0 | 4 | 4~5 |
實施例2 | 0 | 4 | 4~5 |
實施例3 | 0 | 4 | 4~5 |
實施例4 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
實施例5 | 0 | 4 | 4~5 |
實施例6 | 0 | 4 | 4~5 |
實施例7 | 0 | 4 | 4~5 |
50 | 4 | 4 |
如表二所示,在經歷水洗前,不論是吸濕快乾或去污能力,各實施例皆具有良好的表現,可適用於各種需要吸濕快乾及去污的產品(例如,運動服飾)。此外,由比較例2~3可知,由於用以形成比較例2~3的兩性離子樹脂的成分包括含羥基或胺基膽鹼,因此比較例2~3相較於比較例1仍可提供良好的吸濕快乾性及去汙性。另外,實施例7在經歷50次水洗後的吸濕快乾性及去汙性仍優於比較例1在經歷水洗前的吸濕快乾及去汙性,顯示具有良好的水洗牢度,成功地克服使用習知的加工助劑所帶來的水洗牢度不佳的問題。值得說明的是,由於相較於使用含浸壓吸的方式,使用噴墨塗佈的方式較無法牢固地將兩性離子樹脂配置於基布上,因此由實施例7的測試結果可以合理地推測,比較例2~3及實施例1~6在經歷50次水洗後亦可具有良好的吸濕快乾性及去汙性。
<實驗例2:織物的乾燥速率測試>
在本實驗例中,在環境溫度為20℃且相對溼度為65R.H.的環境下,將面積為5×5cm
2的織物樣品置於微量天秤(天秤的板溫為20~22℃)上,以電腦連線記錄織物乾重,並在織物樣品正中間處以精密滴管於滴管尖端距織物樣品1cm 高處滴下0.1g的水,開始記錄織物濕重,設定實驗時間長為40分鐘,並記錄每隔5分鐘織物的重量變化,從而推算出水分殘餘率。測試結果如表三所示。
表三
乾燥時間 (min) | 比較例1 | 比較例2 | 比較例3 | 實施例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3 | 實施例4 | 實施例5 | 實施例6 | 實施例7 |
水分殘餘率(%) | ||||||||||
0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
5 | 93.7 | 89.6 | 88.7 | 90.2 | 89.8 | 89.9 | 88.9 | 90.0 | 89.7 | 89.9 |
10 | 87.4 | 79.3 | 78.2 | 80.1 | 79.5 | 79.6 | 78.9 | 79.6 | 78.8 | 79.5 |
15 | 79.6 | 68.5 | 69.1 | 68.8 | 68.8 | 68.3 | 69.2 | 69.6 | 68.6 | 69.0 |
20 | 71.4 | 58.2 | 58.4 | 59.3 | 58.7 | 58.6 | 58.7 | 58.6 | 58.4 | 58.8 |
25 | 63.3 | 48.5 | 48.6 | 48.6 | 48.3 | 49.1 | 49.0 | 48.7 | 48.1 | 49.1 |
30 | 54.8 | 39.2 | 39.1 | 38.8 | 38.6 | 38.7 | 39.4 | 39.1 | 38.5 | 39.4 |
35 | 47.3 | 29.1 | 29.5 | 29.3 | 30.1 | 30.0 | 29.7 | 29.6 | 29.4 | 30.2 |
40 | 39.0 | 20.1 | 21.0 | 19.8 | 20.2 | 21.1 | 20.6 | 20.5 | 19.9 | 21.7 |
如表三所示,相較於比較例1,比較例2~3及各實施例在經歷相同的乾燥時間後水分殘餘率明顯較低,顯示含羥基或胺基膽鹼可提供良好的吸濕乾燥效果。
<實驗例3:織物的抑菌測試>
在本實驗例中,使用AATCC 100標準方法對各實施例及各比較例進行ATCC 6538金黃色葡萄球菌的抑菌測試。其中,實施例7更經歷50次水洗,並於50次水洗後再度進行測試。測試結果如表四所示。
表四
水洗次數(次) | 滅菌率(%) | |
比較例1 | 0 | 0 |
比較例2 | 0 | 98.5 |
比較例3 | 0 | 99.3 |
實施例1 | 0 | 99.9 |
實施例2 | 0 | 99.7 |
實施例3 | 0 | 99.9 |
實施例4 | 0 | 99.9 |
實施例5 | 0 | 99.9 |
實施例6 | 0 | 99.9 |
實施例7 | 0 | 99.9 |
50 | 99.9 |
如表四所示,各實施例皆具有大於99.7%的滅菌率,且實施例7在經歷50次水洗後仍可具有大於99.9%的滅菌率,顯示具有良好的抑菌效果及水洗牢度。另一方面,由於用以形成比較例2~3的兩性離子樹脂的成分包括含羥基或胺基膽鹼,因此比較例2~3相較於比較例1仍可提供良好的抑菌效果。
<實驗例4:織物的消臭測試>
在本實驗例中,使用FTTS-FA-018標準方法對各實施例及各比較例進行織物對氨氣及對醋酸的消臭率測試。其中,實施例7更經歷20次水洗,並於20次水洗後再度進行測試。測試結果如表五所示。
表五
水洗次數(次) | 消臭率(%) | ||
氨氣 | 醋酸 | ||
比較例1 | 0 | 12 | 15 |
比較例2 | 0 | 13 | 17 |
比較例3 | 0 | 15 | 20 |
實施例1 | 0 | 36 | 64 |
實施例2 | 0 | 33 | 65 |
實施例3 | 0 | 45 | 59 |
實施例4 | 0 | 41 | 73 |
實施例5 | 0 | 35 | 55 |
實施例6 | 0 | 100 | 90 |
實施例7 | 0 | 92 | 92 |
20 | 81 | 90 |
如表五所示,各實施例對於氨氣及醋酸皆具有一定程度的消臭率。此外,由實施例6~7可以看出,當使用天門冬胺酸做為本揭露的胺基酸時,所形成的兩性離子樹脂可提供機能性織物較佳的消臭性,且在經歷20次水洗後仍可提供良好的消臭性。
根據本揭露上述實施方式,本揭露的機能性織物包括基布以及兩性離子樹脂,且兩性離子樹脂牢固地配置於基布上,從而提升機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性以及水洗牢度。此外,兩性離子樹脂可透過含浸壓吸或噴墨塗佈的方式配置於基布上,從而具有多元的應用性。在兩性離子樹脂的製備過程中,透過設計第一交聯劑的分子結構以及調控兩段式熱製程各自的反應溫度,可確保第一交聯劑進行分段式反應,使得後續所形成的兩性離子樹脂具有較複雜的網狀結構,有利於提升機能性織物的吸濕快乾性、消臭性、去汙抑菌性及水洗牢度。如此一來,本揭露的機能性織物於多次洗滌後仍可良好地維持其功能,更可廣泛地應用於機能性服飾紡織品的領域。
雖然本揭露已以實施方式揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本揭露,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本揭露之精神和範圍內,當可作各種之更動與潤飾,因此本揭露之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
S10,S20:步驟
第1圖繪示根據本揭露一些實施方式的兩性離子樹脂的製造方法的流程圖。
國內寄存資訊(請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記)
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國外寄存資訊(請依寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註記)
無
S10,S20:步驟
Claims (16)
- 一種兩性離子樹脂的製造方法,包括: 對第一交聯劑及含羥基或胺基膽鹼進行第一熱製程,以形成第一混合物,所述第一交聯劑包括異氰酸酯基團;以及 對所述第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑及胺基酸進行第二熱製程,以形成所述兩性離子樹脂,所述擴鏈劑包括多元醇。
- 如請求項1所述的兩性離子樹脂的製造方法,其中所述第一交聯劑的分子結構與所述第二交聯劑的分子結構相同。
- 如請求項1所述的兩性離子樹脂的製造方法,其中所述第一熱製程的反應溫度介於80℃至110℃之間,且所述第一熱製程的反應時間介於5分鐘至20分鐘之間。
- 如請求項1所述的兩性離子樹脂的製造方法,其中所述第二熱製程的反應溫度介於130℃至150℃之間,且所述第二熱製程的反應時間介於3分鐘至5分鐘之間。
- 如請求項1所述的兩性離子樹脂的製造方法,其中進行所述第二熱製程包括: 對所述第一混合物、所述第二交聯劑、所述擴鏈劑、所述胺基酸以及消泡劑進行所述第二熱製程,以形成所述兩性離子樹脂,其中所述消泡劑包括聚醯胺、聚醯胺衍生物或其組合。
- 如請求項1所述的兩性離子樹脂的製造方法,其中所述胺基酸包括酪胺酸、麩胺酸、聚麩胺酸、天門冬胺酸或其組合。
- 一種兩性離子樹脂,藉由包括以下步驟的製造方法製造而成: 對第一交聯劑及含羥基或胺基膽鹼進行第一熱製程,以形成第一混合物,所述第一交聯劑包括異氰酸酯基團;以及 對所述第一混合物、第二交聯劑、擴鏈劑及胺基酸進行第二熱製程,以形成所述兩性離子樹脂,所述擴鏈劑包括多元醇。
- 如請求項8所述的兩性離子樹脂,其中所述多元醇包括季戊四醇。
- 如請求項8所述的兩性離子樹脂,其中所述第一交聯劑的使用量介於27重量份至45重量份間,且所述含羥基或含胺基膽鹼的使用量介於2重量份至10重量份間。
- 如請求項11所述的兩性離子樹脂,其中所述擴鏈劑的使用量介於3重量份至9重量份間,且所述胺基酸的使用量介於4重量份至10重量份間。
- 如請求項11所述的兩性離子樹脂,其中所述第二交聯劑的使用量介於3重量份至5重量份間。
- 如請求項8所述的兩性離子樹脂,其中所述製造方法更包括: 混合所述第一混合物、所述第二交聯劑、所述擴鏈劑及所述胺基酸,以形成第二混合物,其中所述第二混合物的黏度介於1.5cP至10cP間。
- 如請求項8所述的兩性離子樹脂,其中進行所述第二熱製程包括: 對所述第一混合物、所述第二交聯劑、所述擴鏈劑、所述胺基酸以及消泡劑進行所述第二熱製程,以形成所述兩性離子樹脂,其中所述消泡劑包括聚醯胺、聚醯胺衍生物或其組合。
- 如請求項15所述的兩性離子樹脂,其中所述製造方法更包括: 混合所述第一混合物、所述第二交聯劑、所述擴鏈劑、所述胺基酸及所述消泡劑,以形成第三混合物,其中所述第三混合物的黏度介於1.5cP至10cP間。
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