TW202303140A - 供給電子的物質之可視化套件及供給電子的物質之可視化方法 - Google Patents
供給電子的物質之可視化套件及供給電子的物質之可視化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202303140A TW202303140A TW111103329A TW111103329A TW202303140A TW 202303140 A TW202303140 A TW 202303140A TW 111103329 A TW111103329 A TW 111103329A TW 111103329 A TW111103329 A TW 111103329A TW 202303140 A TW202303140 A TW 202303140A
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- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係有關於一種可使尿成分或微量的蛋白成分等供給電子的物質可視化的供給電子的物質之可視化套件及使用其之供給電子的物質之可視化方法。本發明課題在於提供一種使附著有供給電子的物質之部位的著色經過一定時間穩定地可視化，同時不會導致染料殘留所致之外觀劣化的供給電子的物質之可視化套件及供給電子的物質之可視化方法。本發明之供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其特徵為組合包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液，與包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液。於本發明中，係藉由對供給電子的物質的附著面噴灑前述A液與前述B液，而使供給電子的物質的附著處清晰顯現。
Description
本發明係有關於一種可使尿成分及其他供給電子的物質可視化的供給電子的物質之可視化套件及使用其之供給電子的物質之可視化方法。
尿成分容易噴濺於浴廁的地面或壁面，如置之不理便會被細菌分解而造成氨臭味等惡臭。此外，牛乳等蛋白質成分或甜味劑、果汁等則容易噴濺於廚房或餐桌附近，如置之不理則會造成髒汙或臭氣。又，為了預防惡臭或傳染病，亦以迅速且確實地去除唾液、嘔吐物或指紋等生物體所致之髒汙為宜。因此，一般會定期或隨時進行清掃，惟因此等附著物近乎透明，乾燥後不易由目測辨識。從而，便無法確認經過清掃後能否完全加以去除，以致進行清掃後仍感臭氣揮之不去者眾。
就其解決方式，有人改貼壁紙或設置空氣清淨機等，但其皆需耗費莫大的成本。因此，多數解決方式係單純進行換氣，或者設置芳香劑或消臭劑等。然，此等解決方式並無法去除髒汙或臭氣的產生源，故其效果有限。
此外，專利文獻1中記載一種方法，其係對人或動物的尿成分噴灑pH指示劑，來進行健康檢查。其係利用尿成分呈弱酸性之方法，而非以使附著於地面或壁面的尿成分之可視化為目的。
專利文獻2中揭示一種洗淨用組成物，其係包含將蛋白質染色之染料與界面活性劑。此洗淨用組成物係具有使汙染物的附著部位可視化之機能。然而，尿成分中所含蛋白質，在健康人體中為極微量，使尿成分可視化的效果不彰。再者，由於經染色之區域也會因洗淨成分而脫色，而有無法維持一定時間的著色，而無法確保著色的穩定性的問題。而且，染料會附著於經噴霧之表面而殘留，而有導致地面或壁面的外觀劣化之虞。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2006-234475號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特表平7-504699號公報
[發明所欲解決之課題]
本發明目的係解決上述習知問題，茲提供一種使尿成分或微量的蛋白成分等供給電子的物質的附著部位的著色經過一定時間穩定地可視化，而且不會導致染料殘留所致之外觀劣化的供給電子的物質之可視化套件，與使用其之供給電子的物質之可視化方法。
[解決課題之手段]
為解決上述課題而完成的本發明之供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其特徵為組合包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液，與包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液。
此外，前述供給電子的物質較佳為至少包含1個親核性原子團的化合物，且前述親核性原子團較佳為選自由C=C、C-N、C=N、-NH
2、-NH-、-SH及此等之組合所成群組中的任一種。
此外，前述A液或B液較佳含有四級銨鹽，且前述A液或B液較佳含有藉由鈣離子而凝膠化的增黏劑。
又，為解決上述課題而完成的本發明之供給電子的物質之可視化方法，其特徵為對供給電子的物質的附著面噴灑包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液，與包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液，而使供給電子的物質的附著處清晰顯現。
此外，前述供給電子的物質較佳為至少包含1個親核性原子團的化合物，且前述親核性原子團較佳為選自由C=C、C-N、C=N、-NH
2、-NH-、-SH及此等之組合所成群組中的任一種。
[發明之效果]
要藉由本發明使供給電子的物質可視化，係首先將包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液噴灑至供給電子的物質的附著面。於供給電子的物質的附著處，漂白成分與供給電子的物質反應，僅有此處漂白能力變差，而於其他部位，漂白能力則未變差。其次，將包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液噴灑於其上，於供給電子的物質的附著處，由於漂白能力變差，使得著色成分未脫色；但於其他部位，由於漂白能力未變差，著色成分便脫色而呈無色。此外，B液與A液可幾乎同時噴灑，亦可先噴灑A液後再噴灑B液。
其結果，由於色素僅殘留於供給電子的物質的附著處，未附著之色素則脫除而呈無色，可僅使供給電子的物質的附著處經過一定時間穩定地清晰顯現。而且，根據本發明，除供給電子的物質的附著處以外，噴灑之著色成分呈無色，而有噴灑之表面的外觀不會劣化的優點。只要預先使A液或B液含有四級銨鹽，則有加速A液與B液的反應所產生之A液的消色速度的優點。
再者，本發明之供給電子的物質之可視化套件係組合此等A液與B液而成者，而能夠將各濃度最佳化地販售，可防止過度脫色導致壁紙等變色，或脫色不充分而使色素殘留的情形。尤其是，只要將此等填充於噴霧容器中販售，則於家庭使用上甚為便利。
[實施發明之形態]
以下說明本發明較佳實施形態。
於本發明中，係組合使用包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液，與包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液。較佳以A液與B液分別填充於不同的噴霧容器之套件販售。本發明中的供給電子的物質之可視化套件係指用以將A液及B液噴灑至供給電子的物質，而使前述供給電子的物質可視化之工具；其形態可設計成例如分別填充有A液及B液的1個或2個以上之噴霧容器、包裝體、採樣管、注射器等，惟其形態不拘。又，可採用如使用感測器或電源進行電驅動之構成，亦可採用如以氣體的壓力使內容物以霧狀噴出的氣溶膠之構成。再者，宜採用前述A液與前述B液分別填充於不同的噴霧容器之形態。所稱填充於不同的噴霧容器之形態，未必有採用物理分離的2個容器之必要，亦可採用個別的第1及第2容器相連接之形態。又，亦可採用如圖1所示，第1及第2容器相連，且藉由連通連接兩個容器1、2之汲取管3，分別將不同的液體於噴霧前混合而由一個噴射口中噴灑混合液之構成。又，前述噴霧容器可採用如使用感測器或電源進行電驅動之構成，亦可採用如以氣體的壓力使內容物以霧狀噴出的氣溶膠之構成。
可視化對象之供給電子的物質較佳為至少包含1個親核性原子團的化合物。又，前述親核性原子團較佳為選自由C=C、C-N、C=N、-NH
2、-NH-、-SH及此等之組合所成群組中的任一種。
前述供給電子的物質之具體例可舉出胺基酸、由胺基酸所成之蛋白質或胜肽、肌酸酐、碳水化合物、維生素C、澱粉酶、乙醇、氨等。胺基酸之胺基、右旋糖-葡萄糖等的醚基係容易氧化之供給電子的物質，尿成分亦包含蛋白質而能夠可視化。此外，C=C、C=N、C-N(含胜肽鍵)、-NH2、-NH-、-SH等具有高電子密度鍵結部位(δ-)的化合物容易氧化。因此，除尿成分外，澱粉、蛋白質、胺基酸、糖等化合物亦能可視化。藉此，除尿成分、唾液或嘔吐物外，亦可將包含尿素或蛋白質的指紋或汗、生物膜等可視化。又，含右旋糖-葡萄糖等的甜味劑或果汁、含抗氧化劑或維生素C的清涼飲料水或茶類、酒、米、砂糖等食品、皂渣等亦能可視化。
A液為包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的液體。電子供給性著色劑係指容易失去電子而氧化的著色劑。就此性質，可使用所有染料，及以下表1，表2，表3所示染料。表1為包含蒽醌系染料之酸性染料、表2為鹼性染料、表3為其他染料。表中之C.I為英國與美國的染色學會所訂定的色指數。就添加量，只要可使溶媒著色即可，宜為10ppm~10重量%左右，更佳為100ppm~1重量%。
[表1]
| 酸性染料 名稱 | C.I | 品名：廠商 |
| 亞硝基系染料 | Acid Green 1 | Acid Green :R.A.Dyestuffs(I) |
| 硝基系染料 | Acid Yellow 24 | Martius Yellow：FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 單偶氮系染料 | Acid Red 18 | WATER RED1:ORIENT CHEMICAL工業 |
| 二偶氮系染料 | Acid Blue 113 | Suminol Milling Granine 5R(N) |
| 三苯基甲烷系染料 | Acid Blue 1 | WATER BLUE106:ORIENT CHEMICAL工業 |
| 呫噸系染料 | Acid Red 52 | WATER RED27: ORIENT CHEMICAL工業 |
| 蒽醌系染料 | Acid Blue 112 | |
| 蒽醌系染料 | Acid Blue 40 | Aminyl Blue E-2GL:田岡化學 |
| 靛藍系染料 | Acid Blue 74 | 食用藍色2號 |
| 胺基酮系染料 | Acid Yellow 7 | Brilliant Sulfaflavine：MP Biomedicals.Inc. |
[表2]
| 鹼性染料 名稱 | C.I | 品名：廠商 |
| 二苯基甲烷系染料 | Basic Yellow 2 | 金胺O：FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 吖啶系染料 | Basic Orange 14 | 吖啶橙：FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 次甲基系染料 | Basic Yellow 23 | Basic Yellow28 Cathilon S.W.T Yellow-3 日成化成 |
| 噻唑系染料 | Basic Yellow 1 | Basic Yellow 1: FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 吖嗪系染料 | Basic Red 5 | 中性紅：FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 噻嗪系染料 | － | 亞甲基藍四水合物：FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
[表3]
| 其他染料 名稱 | C.I | 品名：廠商 |
| 三偶氮系染料 | Direct Black 38 | Chlorazol Black E ：東京化成工業 |
| 多偶氮系染料 | Direct Red 80 | Sirius Red：FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 喹啉染料 | Solvent Yellow 33 | 喹啉黃S：Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. |
| 噁嗪染料 | Mordant Blue 10 | 加洛賽安寧：Alfa Aesar |
| 類胡蘿蔔素系染料 | Food Orange 5 | β-胡蘿蔔素：FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 靛酚系染料 | 無 | 靛酚藍: FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals |
| 羥基酮系染料 | 無 | 2,3,4-三羥基二苯甲酮 Indophenol Blue：東京化成工業 |
| 花青素系色素 | － | Red Color DC：Mitsubishi-Chemical Foods股份有限公司 |
| Alizarin Red S | － | Alizarin Red S溶液：純正化學股份有限公司 |
| 溴百里酚藍 | － | 溴百里酚藍溶液：純正化學股份有限公司 |
溶媒可使用離子交換水、純水、自來水等的水、或有機溶媒。有機溶媒可單獨或併用甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇、己醇、苯甲醇等醇類，或甘油、二甘油、三甘油、乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇等二醇類或三醇類而使用。添加量宜為60~99.99重量%。
此外，A液或、B液中，作為清除助劑，可含有四級銨鹽。四級銨鹽可舉出四甲基氯化銨、四丁基氯化銨、甲苄索氯、二硬脂基二甲基氯化銨、氯化鯨蠟基吡啶鎓、烷基三甲基氯化銨、辛基三甲基氯化銨、癸基三甲基氯化銨、十二烷基二甲基苯甲基氯化銨、十二烷基三甲基氯化銨、十四烷基三甲基氯化銨、十六烷基三甲基氯化銨、鯨蠟基三甲基氯化銨、硬脂基三甲基氯化銨、苯甲基三甲基氯化銨、苯甲基三乙基氯化銨、二烷基二甲基氯化銨、氫氧化四甲基銨、苯扎溴銨、溴化十六烷基三甲銨、溴化多米芬、烷基三甲基溴化銨、十六烷基三甲基溴化銨、十六烷基三甲基溴化銨等，但不限定於此等。較佳可使用氯化苄烷銨、氯化本索寧、十二烷基三甲基氯化銨。進而添加合成電木等的增黏劑，可提高附著性。清除助劑宜添加10ppm~10重量%。
如後述實施例之數據所示，作為清除助劑，若使其含有陽離子界面活性劑之四級銨鹽，則噴灑至未附著有供給電子的物質的表面之電子供給性著色劑便迅速消色。本發明中的四級銨鹽之作用機制係如下推斷。
圖2之上部所示四級銨鹽型陽離子，係於分子的兩端具有親水基與疏水基，且如圖2之下部所示，形成外側為親水基、內側為疏水基的微胞。染料X或漂白成分Y進入此微胞的內部進行局部濃縮，可促進漂白。
再者，可對A液或B液添加週知之增黏劑，而提高附著性。週知之增黏劑可舉出水膨潤性矽酸鹽粒子，或海藻酸鹽、羧甲基纖維素、阿拉伯膠、精胺酸聚合物、海藻酸鈉、藻酸鈉丙二醇、乙基纖維素、黃原膠、角叉菜膠、果膠、結蘭膠、甲基纖維素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮樹脂、丁縮醛樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、纖維素奈米纖維等。尤其是對A液或B液添加之增黏劑，宜為藉由鈣離子而凝膠化的增黏劑。藉由鈣離子而凝膠化的增黏劑可舉出水膨潤性矽酸鹽粒子，或海藻酸鹽、角叉菜膠、LM果膠、LA結蘭膠等。前述藉由鈣離子而凝膠化的增黏劑，由於會與尿成分中所含之鈣離子反應而凝膠化，尤其可提高對尿成分的附著性，對例如附著於壁面的尿成分噴灑液體時，可防止滴漏。再者，水膨潤性矽酸鹽粒子其搖變性高，於噴灑噴霧時，因液體通過噴嘴的微細孔時所施加的壓力，使液體顯著減黏，得以發揮噴霧時提高液體擴散之效果而更佳。添加量宜取0.1~20重量%。
水膨潤性矽酸粒子係指膨潤石、膨潤土、蛭石、雲母所成群組的總稱；前述膨潤石則指2八面體型含水層狀矽酸鹽礦物之蒙脫石、類似蒙脫石構造之水輝石、綠脫石、皂石、鋰蒙脫石、鋅膨潤石、斯蒂芬石所成群組的總稱。前述水膨潤性矽酸鹽粒子不限天然物或合成物。
海藻酸鹽只要是海藻酸的鹽則不特別限定，較佳為海藻酸的一價陽離子鹽，係例如海藻酸的鈉鹽(海藻酸鈉)、鉀鹽(海藻酸鉀)或銨鹽(海藻酸銨)。
B液為包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的液體。電子接收劑係接受電子而將對象物質氧化之氧化劑，可選自由次氯酸鈉等金屬次氯酸鹽、金屬氯酸鹽、過氧化氫、金屬過硼酸鹽、金屬過碳酸鹽、金屬過氧化物、醯基過氧化物、過氧化苯甲醯、過乙酸、臭氧、重硫酸鈉、二氧化氮、氯氣、二氧化氯、偶氮二甲醯胺、亞硫酸鈉、偏二亞硫酸鈉、過碳酸鹽、四乙炔乙二胺、金屬過酸單硫酸鹽及該等之混合物所成之群組。電子接收劑的添加量較佳為10ppm~20重量%，更佳為100ppm~6重量%。甚而，亦可對B液添加合成膨潤石等增黏劑，而提高附著性。B液所含增黏劑亦可使用前述增黏劑，添加量較佳為0.01~20重量%。
上述之A液與B液係分別填充於不同的容器，而組成供給電子的物質之可視化套件。容器較佳為噴霧容器。以下邊參照圖3，邊說明本發明之供給電子的物質之可視化套件之使用方法的一例。
圖3之(1)為表示附著有尿成分的附著面的圖。於此，尿成分的附著處係以線圈起來而表示，但實際上為無法目測辨視之狀態。一般而言，人或動物的尿成分中含有尿素、肌酸酐、磷酸氫鈉、氯化銨、亞硝酸鈉、磷酸鉀、鈣離子等。
對此附著面，如圖3之(2)所示，噴灑包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液。於尿成分的附著處，B液的漂白成分與尿成分反應，僅有此處漂白能力變差。然而，於其他部位，漂白能力則未變差。將此狀態示於(3)。其次，如(4)所示，將包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液噴灑於其上，於尿成分的附著處，由於先前噴灑之B液的漂白能力變差，使得著色成分未脫色，而呈現被A液著色之狀態；但於其他部位，由於B液的漂白能力未變差，A液的著色成分便脫色而呈無色。
由此，如圖3之(5)所示，尿成分的附著處形成殘留A液的色素之狀態而著色，於其他部分則呈現A液的色素脫色之狀態。因此，可使尿成分的附著部位清晰顯現而辨識，藉由清除此附著部位，可確實去除附著的尿成分。而且，在尿成分的附著處以外，由於A液的色素脫除，而能夠防止A液的色素殘留所致之外觀的劣化。此外，若先使A液或B液含有作為清除助劑的四級銨鹽，則可促進脫色反應，而提高A液與B液反應所產生之A液的消色速度。
於圖3中，係於噴灑B液後再噴灑A液，惟B液與A液可幾乎同時噴灑，或先噴灑A液再噴灑B液。然而，為使尿成分與B液的反應更確實地進行，較佳如圖3所示，以B液、A液之順序進行噴灑。
[實施例]
如表4、表5所示調配A液與B液，分別填充於噴霧容器中。溶媒在A液、B液中皆為離子交換水。將此等A液與B液依序噴灑至附著對象物質並經乾燥的壁面瓷磚上，評定對象成分的附著處的辨識性、非附著處的消色速度、非附著處的著色性、對壁面的附著性、噴霧液體的擴散性，記載於表4及表5中。此外，對象成分當中的「尿」係使用含有尿素、氯化銨、鈣離子的人工尿。又，對象成分當中的「市售飲料水(茶)」係含有維生素C作為抗氧化劑成分者。
對於表4、表5中的評定基準，辨識性係指對象成分的附著處的辨識性，對象成分的附著處，與附著處及非附著處之部分相比，被著色劑著色，且前述附著處以目視無法清楚辨識時係評為〇；前述附著處與非前述附著處之部分的交界模糊，不易以目視辨識時則評為△~×。
又，髒汙附著處以外的消色速度係指附著於附著處以外的部分之A液的著色成分由B液的漂白成分消色之速度；於30秒以內明顯迅速消色時係評為◎；於1分鐘以內迅速消色時係評為〇；需耗費多於1分鐘之時間時則評為△~×。
再者，髒汙以外的著色性係指附著處以外部分的著色性，附著處以外的部分未因噴灑A液及B液而著色時係評為〇，而被著色時則評為×。
又，對壁面的附著性係指使對象物質附著於壁面，噴灑至A液及B液的噴霧液體附著於壁面之對象成分時的噴霧液體之樣態。噴霧液體未滴垂而幾乎未由對象成分附著處移動時係◎。噴霧液體發生些微垂滴，雖由對象成分附著處些微移動，但其程度小，而容易拭去前述噴霧液體時係〇。噴霧液體發生垂滴，由對象成分附著處移動而不易拭去前述噴霧液體時則評為△~×。
再者，就噴霧液體的擴散性，係評定對附著於瓷磚並經乾燥的對象物質，以噴霧容器噴灑前述液體時之液體的擴散性。液體以充分被覆對象成分附著處之程度擴散時係評為◎；液體以被覆對象成分附著處之程度擴散時係評為〇；液體未充分擴散而無法覆蓋對象成分附著處時則評為△~×。噴霧擴散性係分別以A液之噴霧容器、B液之噴霧容器實施。
實施例1-39為以◎或〇表示之良好的評定，而就未使用B液之比較例1-3的辨識性，係前述附著處與非前述附著處之部分的交界模糊而辨識性不佳之結果；又，髒汙以外的著色性，附著處以外的部分亦被著色，結果以×表示。再者，以不具有電子供給性原子團的乙酸為對象物質的比較例4，則無法使對象成分可視化。
由此等實施例可知，作為A液的電子供給性著色劑，可使用各類染料。又作為B液的電子接收劑，可使用次氯酸鈉以外的氧化劑。
1:第1容器
2:第2容器
3:汲取管
[圖1]為表示本發明之供給電子的物質之可視化套件的一例的剖面圖。
[圖2]為表示本發明中的四級銨鹽之作用的說明圖。
[圖3]為說明本發明之供給電子的物質之可視化套件之使用方法的圖。
1:第1容器
2:第2容器
3:汲取管
Claims (9)
- 一種供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其特徵為組合包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液，與包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液。
- 如請求項1之供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其中前述供給電子的物質係至少包含1個親核性原子團的化合物。
- 如請求項2之供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其中前述親核性原子團係選自由C=C、C-N、C=N、 -NH 2、-NH-、-SH及此等之組合所成群組中的任一種。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其中前述A液或B液係含有四級銨鹽。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其中前述A液或B液係含有藉由鈣離子而凝膠化的增黏劑。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之供給電子的物質之可視化套件，其係將前述A液與前述B液分別填充於不同的噴霧容器中。
- 一種供給電子的物質之可視化方法，其特徵為對供給電子的物質的附著面噴灑包含由電子供給性著色劑與溶媒所構成之著色成分的A液，與包含由電子接收劑與溶媒所構成之漂白成分的B液，而使供給電子的物質的附著處清晰顯現。
- 如請求項7之供給電子的物質之可視化方法，其中前述供給電子的物質係至少包含1個親核性原子團的化合物。
- 如請求項8之供給電子的物質之可視化方法，其中前述親核性原子團係選自由C=C、C-N、C=N、 -NH 2、-NH-、-SH及此等之組合所成群組中的任一種。
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