TW202246560A - 於基材表面上形成氮化硼之方法及系統 - Google Patents
於基材表面上形成氮化硼之方法及系統 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202246560A TW202246560A TW111104378A TW111104378A TW202246560A TW 202246560 A TW202246560 A TW 202246560A TW 111104378 A TW111104378 A TW 111104378A TW 111104378 A TW111104378 A TW 111104378A TW 202246560 A TW202246560 A TW 202246560A
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- Prior art keywords
- boron
- precursor
- reaction chamber
- boron nitride
- substrate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine Substances NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- -1 hydrazine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 5
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IFZHGQSUNAKKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diethylhydrazine Chemical compound CCN(N)CC IFZHGQSUNAKKSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YMEKEHSRPZAOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron triiodide Chemical compound IB(I)I YMEKEHSRPZAOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XKLVLDXNZDIDKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylhydrazine Chemical group CCCCNN XKLVLDXNZDIDKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N monomethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 55
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BGECDVWSWDRFSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borazine Chemical compound B1NBNBN1 BGECDVWSWDRFSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- YHYKLKNNBYLTQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diphenylhydrazine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 YHYKLKNNBYLTQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBQZXXMEJHZYMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylhydrazine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NNC1=CC=CC=C1 YBQZXXMEJHZYMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFARRRGGHHADCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)hydrazine Chemical compound CCN(N)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 IFARRRGGHHADCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFSFKYIBIOKXKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-1-methylhydrazine Chemical compound CCN(C)N ZFSFKYIBIOKXKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQSIARGGPGHMCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-1-phenylhydrazine Chemical compound CCN(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 NQSIARGGPGHMCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABANUKHECQXXRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-(3-methylphenyl)hydrazine Chemical compound CN(N)C1=CC=CC(C)=C1 ABANUKHECQXXRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWOODERJGVWYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1-phenylhydrazine Chemical compound CN(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 MWOODERJGVWYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylhydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=CC=CC=C1 HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02172—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides
- H01L21/02175—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02172—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides
- H01L21/02175—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal
- H01L21/02192—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal the material containing at least one rare earth metal element, e.g. oxides of lanthanides, scandium or yttrium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C23C16/34—Nitrides
- C23C16/342—Boron nitride
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- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45536—Use of plasma, radiation or electromagnetic fields
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/45553—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the use of precursors specially adapted for ALD
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/46—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for heating the substrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
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Abstract
所提供者係用於在基材之表面上沉積氮化硼之方法。例示性方法包括提供一包含一硼鹵化合物之硼前驅物至一反應室,該硼鹵化合物包含碘及溴中之一或多者,及提供一包含一經取代肼化合物之氮前驅物至該反應室。
Description
本揭露大致上係關於用於沉積材料之方法及系統。更具體而言,本揭露之實例係關於在一基材之一表面上形成氮化硼之方法及系統。
出於許多原因,可期望於電子裝置之形成中使用氮化硼(BN)。舉例而言,可使用氮化硼以形成具所欲介電常數、抗蝕刻性或耐化學性、蝕刻選擇性(例如,相對於氧化矽及氮化矽的濕式或乾式蝕刻選擇性)、機械性質(例如,與其他介電材料相較的抗化學機械研磨性)及類似者之層。
用於沉積氮化硼膜之方法可包括電漿增強化學氣相沉積(PECVD)製程,其使用環硼氮烷(borazine)作為前驅物。環硼氮烷為相對昂貴的前驅物。進一步言,環硼氮烷可在處理期間聚合,此可引發非所欲污染及/或膜性質。已有其他技術被使用來沉積氮化硼,但此類技術可導致具相對不良障壁電阻的膜及/或具不符合期望的高介電常數之氮化硼膜。
據此,高度期望用於沉積氮化硼之改善方法。
本節提出之任何討論,包括問題及解決方案的討論,僅為了提供本揭露背景脈絡之目的而包括在本揭露中。此類討論不應視為承認該資訊之任何或全部在完成本發明時為已知或以其他方式構成先前技術。
依據本揭露之至少一實施例,提供一種用於在一基材之一表面上形成氮化硼之方法。如於下文更詳細地提出,與使用其他技術所形成之氮化硼相較,例示性方法可提供更多保形覆蓋率(conformal coverage),生產具更符合期望的性質之氮化硼(例如,較低的介電常數、較高的障壁電阻、較高的蝕刻選擇性、及/或更符合期望的機械性質)。
依據本揭露之實例,在一基材之一表面上形成氮化硼之例示性方法包括在反應室內提供一基材,提供一硼前驅物至該反應室,該硼前驅物包含一硼鹵化合物,該硼鹵化合物包含碘及溴中之一或多者,以及提供一氮前驅物至該反應室,該氮前驅物包含一經取代肼(substituted hydrazine)化合物。在一些情況中,該方法可包括一熱製程,該熱製程不包括在一沉積製程期間使用該硼前驅物、該氮前驅物、或其他化合物之電漿激發。在其他情況中,該方法可包括在一沉積製程期間的一或多個氣體之電漿激發。一方法可包括一化學氣相沉積製程。在一些情況中,該方法可包括一循環沉積製程。依據本揭露的額外實例,一方法額外地包括一處理步驟,該處理步驟可包括一電漿處理步驟。
依據本揭露之進一步實例,提供一種包含一氮化硼之層的裝置結構。該氮化硼之層之一介電常數可小於2.6、小於2、或小於1.8。
依據本揭露之又額外之實施例,提供一種用於在一基材之一表面上形成氮化硼之系統。該系統可包括用於容納一基材之一反應室、經由一第一閥與該反應室流體連通之一硼前驅物、經由一第二閥與該反應室流體連通之一氮源、以及可操作地連接至該第一閥及該第二閥之一控制器。該控制器可經組態及程式化以控制:在該反應室中供應一硼前驅物,該硼前驅物包含碘及溴中之一或多者,以及供應一氮前驅物至該反應室,該氮前驅物包含一經取代肼化合物,以藉此將該氮化硼沉積於該基材上。
所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者從下列參考附圖之某些實施例的詳細描述將明白此等及其他實施例。本發明不限制於所揭示任何(多個)具體實施例。
雖然在下文揭示某些實施例及實例,將理解本發明延伸超出其特定揭示的實施例及/或用途以及其明顯的修改及等同物。因此,所揭示的本發明之範疇應不受限於下文所描述的具體揭示實施例。
本揭露之各種實施例係關於在基材之表面上形成氮化硼之方法,關於使用此類方法形成之裝置結構及裝置,以及關於用於進行該等方法及/或用於形成該等結構的系統。雖然在下文更詳細地討論本揭露之各種實施例應對先前方法及系統之缺點的方式,大致上,本揭露之各種實施例提供形成展現相對高的抗蝕刻及/或抗研磨性、相對低的介電常數、相對高的障壁電阻、及/或相對高的熱穩定性的氮化硼之改善方法。
在本揭露中,「氣體(gas)」可包括在常溫及常壓(NTP)下為氣體之材料、汽化固體及/或汽化液體,並可取決於上下文由一單一氣體或一氣體混合物構成。除了製程氣體以外的氣體(亦即,未穿行通過氣體分配總成、其他氣體分配裝置或類似者而引入的氣體)可用於例如密封反應空間,且可包括諸如稀有氣體的密封氣體。
用語「前驅物(precursor)」可指參與生產另一化合物的化學反應之化合物。用語反應物(reactant)及用語前驅物(precursor)可互換地使用。用語「惰性氣體(inert gas)」可指不參加化學反應及/或不會在可察覺的程度上變為層之一部分的氣體。例示性惰性氣體包括氦及氬及其任何組合。在一些情況下,分子氮及/或氫可係惰性氣體。
如本文中所使用,用語「沖洗(purge)」可指在彼此起反應之氣體的兩個脈衝之間將一惰性或實質上惰性氣體提供至一反應器室的一程序。舉例而言,可在兩個前驅物脈衝之間提供沖洗(purge/purging)氣體,因此避免或至少降低兩個前驅物之間的氣相交互作用。應理解,沖洗可依時間性或空間性或兩者上實行。舉例而言,在時間性沖洗的情況下,一沖洗步驟可例如以提供第一前驅物至反應器室、提供沖洗氣體至反應器室、及提供第二前驅物至反應器室的時間序列來使用,其中沉積層於之上的基材不移動。在空間性沖洗的情況下,一沖洗步驟可藉由以下實行:將一基材從(例如連續地)供應第一前驅物的第一位置,通過沖洗氣幕,而移動到(例如連續地)供應第二前驅物的第二位置。
如本文所使用,用語「基材(substrate)」可指可用以形成或在其上可形成結構、裝置、電路、或層之任何(多個)下伏材料。基材可包括一塊材,諸如矽(例如單晶矽)、其他IV族材料(諸如鍺)或其他半導體材料(諸如II-VI族或III-V族半導體材料),並可包括位於上覆或下伏於該塊材的一或多層。進一步言,基材可包括各種特徵,諸如形成在基材之一層的至少一部份之內或之上的凹部、突起部、及類似者。舉例而言,基材可包括塊材半導體材料及上覆於該塊材半導體材料之至少一部份的一絕緣或介電材料層。
於本揭露之一些實施例中,基材可包含經圖案化基材,該基材包括高深寬比特徵,諸如例如,溝槽結構、垂直間隙特徵、水平間隙特徵、及/或鰭片結構。舉例而言,基材可包含一或多個實質上垂直間隙特徵及/或一或多個實質上水平間隙特徵。用語「間隙特徵(gap feature)」可指設置於相對傾斜側壁之間、或於自基材表面垂直延伸的兩個突出物之間、或於垂直延伸至基材表面中的凹陷之相對傾斜側壁之間的開口或空腔。此一間隙特徵可稱為「垂直間隙特徵」。在一些實施例中,垂直間隙特徵可具有可大於2:1、或大於5:1、或大於10:1、或大於25:1、或大於50:1、或甚至大於100:1的深寬比(高度:寬度),其中如於此實例中所使用的「大於」係指於間隙特徵之高度中的較大距離。
如本文中所使用,用語「膜(film)」及/或「層(layer)」可指任何連續或非連續的結構和材料,諸如由本文中所揭示的方法所沉積的材料。舉例而言,膜及/或層可包括二維材料、三維材料、奈米粒子,或甚至是部分或完整的分子層、或部分或完整的原子層、或原子及/或分子團簇。膜或層可包含具有針孔的材料或層,其可係至少部分連續的。
如本文所使用,「結構(structure)」可係或可包括如本文中所描述之基材。結構可包括上覆於基材之一或多層,諸如根據一根據本揭露之方法形成的一或多層。
用語「循環沉積製程(cyclic deposition process/cyclical deposition process)」可指多個前驅物(及/或反應物)循序引入至反應室中以在基材上方沉積一層,並包括處理技術,諸如原子層沉積(ALD)、循環化學氣相沉積(循環CVD)、及包括一ALD組分及一循環CVD組分之混合式循環沉積製程。該製程可在引入前驅物之間包含一沖洗步驟。
用語「原子層沉積(atomic layer deposition)」可指氣相沉積製程,其中沉積循環(一般係複數個接續的沉積循環)係在製程室中實施。當使用(多個)前驅物/(多個)反應性氣體及(多個)沖洗(例如惰性載體)氣體的交替脈衝進行時,如本文中所使用之用語原子層沉積亦意指包括由相關用語指定的製程,諸如化學氣相原子層沉積。
大致上,對ALD製程而言,在各循環期間,前驅物係引入反應室且經化學吸附至沉積表面(例如,可包括來自先前ALD循環之先前經沉積材料或其他材料的基材表面),形成不易與額外前驅物起反應(亦即,自限式反應)的約一材料單層或次單層。其後,在一些情況下,可隨後將反應物(例如,另一前驅物或反應氣體)引入至製程室中,以用於在沉積表面上將經化學吸附之前驅物轉化為所欲材料。反應物能夠進一步與前驅物起反應。在一或多個循環期間(例如在各循環的各步驟期間)可利用多個沖洗步驟,以從製程室去除任何過量的前驅物,及/或從反應室去除任何過量的反應物及/或反應副產物。
如本文中所使用,用語「電漿增強原子層沉積(plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition, PEALD)」可指一ALD製程,其中一或多個前驅物、反應物、及/或其他氣體暴露至電漿,以形成受激發物種。
如本文所使用,「氮化硼(boron nitride)」可係可由包括硼和氮之化學式所代表的材料。在一些實施例中,氮化硼可不包括比例較硼及氮化物顯著的元素。在一些實施例中,氮化硼包含BN。在一些實施例中,氮化硼可基本上由BN所組成。在一些實施例中,氮化硼可由氮化硼所組成。由氮化硼所組成的層可包括可接受量的雜質(諸如氫、碳、碘、溴、及/或類似者),其可源自於用以沉積氮化硼的一或多個前驅物。
進一步言,在本揭露中,變量之任兩個數字可構成變量之可工作範圍,且所指示之任何範圍可包括或排除端點。額外地,所指示的變數之任何數值(不管該等數值是否以「約」來指示)可指精確值或近似值,並包括等效值,且可指平均值、中間值、代表值、多數值或類似者。進一步言,在本揭露中,於一些實施例中,用語「包括(including)」、「由…構成(constituted by)」、及「具有(having)」可獨立地指「一般或廣泛地包含(typically or broadly comprising)」、「包含(comprising)」、「基本上由…所組成(consisting essentially of)」或「由…所組成(consisting of)」。在本揭露中,於一些實施例中,任何已定義之意義不必然排除尋常及慣例意義。
現轉向圖式,圖1繪示依據本揭露之例示性實施例的方法100。方法100可用以在基材之表面上形成氮化硼。在所繪示之實例中,方法100包括下列步驟:在反應室內提供基材(102)、提供硼前驅物至反應室(104)、及提供氮前驅物至反應室(106)。方法100亦可包括處理步驟108。
在102期間,在反應室內提供基材。步驟102期間所使用的反應室可係或可包括一經組態以進行沉積製程的化學氣相沉積反應器系統的反應室。沉積製程可係化學氣相沉積製程及/或循環沉積製程。反應室可係一單獨反應室或一集束型工具的部分。反應室可係批式處理工具。在一些實施例中,可利用流動型反應器。在一些實施例中,可利用噴淋頭型反應器。在一些實施例中,可利用空間劃分反應器。在一些實施例中,可利用能夠高容量製造的單晶圓反應器。在其他實施例中,可利用包含多個基材的批式反應器。對於其中使用批式反應器之實施例,基材之數目可在10至200、或50至150、或甚至100至130之範圍內。反應器可組態為熱反應器(不具電漿激發設備)。替代地,反應器可包括直接及/或遠端電漿設備。
於一些實施例中,若係所欲,可將基材之經暴露表面預處置,以提供反應性部位。於一些實施例中,不需要分開的預處理步驟。於一些實施例中,將基材預處理以提供所欲的表面封端(surface termination),例如,藉由將基材表面暴露至一預處理電漿。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,設置於反應室內基材可加熱至所欲沉積溫度用於後續沉積。舉例而言,基材可經加熱至一基材溫度,該基材溫度小於大約600°C、小於大約500°C、或小於大約450°C、或小於大約400°C、或小於大約350°C、或小於大約300°C、或小於大約250°C、或甚至小於大約200°C。在本揭露之一些實施例中,步驟102期間之基材溫度可係大於室溫,介於大約300 °C與大約600 °C之間、或大約350 °C與大約550 °C之間、或大約200 °C與大約400 °C之間。對於電漿輔助製程較低的溫度可係較佳的,而對於熱沉積製程較高的溫度可係所欲。步驟104及/或106期間之溫度亦可在此等範圍內。
除控制基材的溫度外,還可調節反應室中的壓力,以實現所欲氮化硼的沉積。在一些實施例中,壓力可控制在約0.5托與約50托之間(例如,用於熱製程),或約1托與約10托之間(例如用於電漿增強製程)。步驟104及/或106期間之壓力亦可在此等範圍內。
一旦基材之溫度已設為所欲沉積溫度且反應室中壓力已如所欲調節後,方法100可繼續至步驟104及106。當方法100包括CVD製程時,步驟104及106可重疊。當方法100包括循環製程時,步驟104及106可循序進行,且在步驟104與106之間具有一介入沖洗步驟。
在步驟104期間,提供硼前驅物至反應室。在循環沉積的情況下,硼前驅物可脈衝至反應室。用語「脈衝(pulse)」可理解為包含將前驅物饋送至反應室中持續一預定量時間。除非另有註明,用語「脈衝(pulse)」並不限定脈衝之長度或持續時間,且一脈衝可為任何時間長度。在一些實施例中,除硼前驅物外,還可於循環沉積製程期間將一氣體連續地提供至反應室。在一些實施例中,該氣體可包含用於生成於PEALD製程之一時期期間所利用的反應性物種的氣體,且亦可利用作為一沖洗氣體,以自反應室移除過量反應物、反應性物種、及反應副產物。
在初始表面處理之後,若係必須或所欲,可將硼前驅物脈衝供應至基材。依據一些實施例,硼前驅物可連同載體氣體流動一起供應至反應室。在一些實施例中,硼前驅物可包含與基材(多個)表面具反應性的揮發性硼物種。硼前驅物脈衝可使基材表面自飽和,使得硼前驅物脈衝之過量成分不會進一步與此製程所形成之分子層反應。
硼前驅物脈衝較佳地作為一氣相反應物供應。針對本揭露之目的,若該物種在製程條件下展現足夠的蒸氣壓使物種在足以使暴露表面飽和之濃度下輸送至基材表面,硼前驅物氣體可被視為「揮發性」。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,氣相硼前驅物包含硼及選自碘及溴之至少一鹵素。在一些情況下,硼前驅物不包括氟及/或氯。依據本揭露之一些實施例,硼前驅物由硼還有碘及溴中之一或多者所組成。舉例而言,硼前驅物可係或可包括三碘化硼(BI
3)及/或三溴化硼(BBr
3)。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,可將硼前驅物脈衝至反應室中持續一時間段,該時間段從約0.05秒至約5.0秒、或從約0.1秒至約3秒、或甚至約0.2秒至約1.0秒。此外,於基材與硼前驅物接觸期間,硼前驅物之流動速率可小於200 sccm,或小於100 sccm,或小於50 sccm,或小於10 sccm,或甚至小於2 sccm。此外,於基材與硼前驅物接觸期間,硼前驅物之流動速率的範圍可從約2至10 sccm,從約10至50 sccm,或從約50至約200 sccm。
在一些實施例中,過量的硼前驅物之沖洗可藉由停止氣相硼前驅物之流動並同時使載體氣體、沖洗氣體、或氣體混合物繼續流動達足夠的時間,以從反應室擴散或沖洗過量的反應物及反應物副產物(若有)。在一些實施例中,可借助一或多個惰性氣體(諸如氮、氦或氬)來沖洗過量的硼前驅物,該等惰性氣體可跨整個循環沉積步驟104及106係流動。
在一些實施例中,可從反應室沖洗硼前驅物持續一時間段,該時間段係約0.1秒至約10秒、或約0.3秒至約5秒、或甚至約0.3秒至約1秒。可將硼前驅物之提供及移除視為例示性方法100的第一階段或「硼階段」。
在步驟106期間,提供包含經取代肼化合物的氮前驅物至反應室。依據本揭露之實例,經取代肼可包括具有至少四(4)個碳原子之烷基團,其中「烷基團(alkyl group)」係指長度為至少四(4)個碳原子之飽和或不飽和烴鏈,諸如但不限於丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、及辛基、及其等之異構物(諸如彼等之正異構物、異異構物、二級異構物、及三級異構物)。烷基團可係直鏈或支鏈,並可含括烷基團之所有結構異構物形式。在一些實施例中,烷基鏈可經取代。在本揭露之一些實施例中,烷基肼可包含至少一鍵結至氮的氫。在本揭露之一些實施例中,烷基肼可包含至少兩個鍵結至氮之氫。在本揭露之一些實施例中,烷基肼可包含至少一鍵結至氮之氫及至少一鍵結至氮之烷基鏈或基團。在本揭露之一些實施例中,第二反應物可包含烷基肼,且可進一步包含以下中之一或多者:三級丁基肼(C
4H
9N
2H
3)、甲基肼(CH
3NHNH
2)、二甲基肼(C
2H
8N
2)或二乙基肼(C
4H
12N
2)在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼可包含以下中之一或多者:1,1-二乙基肼、1-乙基-1-甲基肼、異丙基肼、苯基肼、1,1-二苯基肼、1,2-二苯基肼、N-甲基-N-苯基肼、1,1-二苯甲基肼、1,2-二苯甲基肼、1-乙基-1-苯基肼、1-甲基-1-(間苯甲基)肼(1-methyl-1-(m-tolyl)hydrazine)及1-乙基-1-(對苯甲基)肼(1-ethyl-1-(p-tolyl)hydrazine)。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼具有至少一附接至氮之烴基團。在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼具有至少兩個附接至氮之烴基團。在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼具有至少三個附接至氮之烴基團。在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼具有至少一附接至氮之C1至C3烴基團。在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼具有至少一附接至氮之C4至C10烴基團。在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼具有附接至氮之直鏈、支鏈或環狀或芳族烴基團。在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼包含附接至氮之經取代烴基團。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,經取代肼具有下式:
RIRII-N-NRIIIRIV (1)
其中RI可選自烴基團,諸如直鏈、支鏈、環狀、芳族或經取代烴基團,且RII、RIII、RIV基團中之各者可獨立地選擇為氫或烴基團,諸如直鏈、支鏈、環狀、芳族或經取代烴基團。RI及R2可結合至相同氮原子,且RIII及RIV可結合至相同氮原子。
在一些實施例中,在式(1)中,RI、RII、RIII、及RIV之各者可係C1至C10烴、C1至C3烴、C4至C10烴、或氫,諸如直鏈、支鏈、環狀、芳族、或經取代烴基團。在一些實施例中,RI、RII、RIII、及RIV基團中之至少一者包含芳族基團,諸如苯基團。在一些實施例中,RI、RII、RIII、及RIV基團中之至少一者包含甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、二級丁基、三級丁基團或苯基團。在一些實施例中,RI、RII、RIII、及RIV基團中之至少二者可經獨立地選擇以包含甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、二級丁基、三級丁基團或苯基團。在一些實施例中,RII、RIII及RIV基團為氫。在一些實施例中,RII、RIII及RIV基團中之至少二者為氫。在一些實施例中,RII、RIII及RIV基團中之至少一者為氫。在一些實施例中,RII、RIII及RIV基團中所有者為氫。依據本揭露的進一步實例,RI、RII、RIII、及RIV中之一或多者可經矽或其他第IV族原子取代。
使用如本文中所註明之烷基或其他經碳基基團取代的肼可為有利的,因為與其他氮反應物相比,該等化合物可相對具反應性,展現較高的溫度穩定性,包括較低的水分含量,且允許將所欲量的碳納入氮化硼中。
當經取代肼化合物包含碳時,碳可納入至氮化硼中。碳的納入可改善氮化硼的抗氧化性,並減少氮化硼的反應性。
在一些實施例中,氮前驅物可包括額外的氣體,諸如例如氫及/或惰性氣體。在一些實施例中,氮前驅物及額外氣體可引入至反應室中,以大於1:1、或大於1:2、或大於1:3、或甚至等於或大於1:5之含氮氣體對額外氣體的流動速率比率。
在一些實施例中,可自包含氮前驅物之氣體生產一氮基電漿。舉例而言,氮基電漿可藉由施加從約10 W至約2000 W、或從約50 W至約1000 W、或從約100 W至約500 W之RF功率來生成。在一些實施例中,電漿可原位生成,而在其他實施例中,電漿可遠端生成。在一些實施例中,可利用噴淋頭反應器,且可在基座(基材位於其頂部上)與噴淋頭板之間生成電漿。
在一些實施例中,氮前驅物及/或從氮前驅物生成的反應性物種可接觸基材持續一時間段,該時間段係介於約0.1秒至約20秒之間、或約0.5秒至約10秒、或甚至約0.5秒至約5秒。在一些實施例中,氮前驅物及/或從氮前驅物生成的反應性物種可接觸基材持續一介於大約2秒與10秒之間的時間段。
在足以使先前所吸收之分子層與氮前驅物及/或從其形成的反應性物種完全飽和及反應的一時間段後,可自反應室移除任何過量的反應物、物種及反應副產物。如第一反應物(亦即氣相硼前驅物)之移除,此步驟可包含停止生成反應性物種,及使惰性氣體(諸如包含氮、氦,及在一些實施例中額外包含氬的一氣體)繼續流動。惰性氣體流動可流動持續一時間段,該時間段足以使過量反應性物種及揮發性反應副產物擴散出反應室並自反應室被沖洗。舉例而言,沖洗製程之利用可持續一時間段,該時間段介於約0.1秒至約10秒、或約0.1秒至約4.0秒、或甚至約0.1秒至約0.5秒之間。氮基電漿的提供及移除一起代表第二階段,亦即氮階段。
雖然方法100在本文中大致上指為用硼階段起始,但已設想在其他實施例中,循環可用氮階段起始。熟習此技藝人士將認識到,第一前驅物階段大致上與前一循環中之最後階段留下的封端反應。因此,雖然若氮係循環中之第一階段,則無反應物可經先前吸收在基材表面上或存在於反應室中,但在後續循環中,反應性物種階段將有效地跟隨於硼階段之後。在一些實施例中,方法100中提供一或多個不同循環(例如,不同時間、前驅物、流率或類似者)。
在一些實施例中,每單位沉積循環之氮化硼的生長速率可大於每循環0.2奈米,或大於每循環0.5奈米,或大於每循環1.0奈米。在一些實施例中,每單位沉積循環之氮化硼的生長速率在大於200 °C的沉積溫度可大於每循環0.2奈米,或大於每循環0.5奈米,或大於每循環1.0奈米。
在一些實施例中,氮化硼沉積的厚度可從約3奈米至約50奈米、或約5奈米至約30奈米、或從約5奈米至約20奈米。此等厚度可在約100奈米以下的特徵大小(寬度)達到,或在約50奈米以下,或在約30奈米以下,或在約20奈米以下,或甚至在約10奈米以下。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,氮化硼可沉積在三維結構上,例如包含高深寬比特徵之非平面基材。在一些實施例中,在具有多於約2、多於約5、多於約10、多於約25、多於約50、或甚至多於約100的深寬比(高度/寬度)之結構中,氮化硼之步階覆蓋率(step coverage)可係等於或大於約50%、或大於約60%、或大於70%、或大於80%、或大於約90%、或大於約95%、或大於約98%、或大於約99%或更大。
如上文所註明,依據本揭露之一些實例,沉積製程可係熱沉積製程。在此等情況下,沉積製程不包括使用電漿以形成活化物種在沉積製程中使用。舉例而言,沉積製程可不包含電漿之形成或使用、可不包含受激發物種之形成或使用、及/或可不包含自由基之形成或使用。在熱循環沉積製程的情況下,提供前驅物至反應室之步驟的持續時間可相對長,以允許前驅物與另一前驅物或其衍生物起反應。舉例而言,持續時間可大於或等於5秒、或大於或等於10秒、或介於約5與10秒之間。
在其他情況下,如本文中所註明,電漿可用以激發一或多個前驅物及/或一或多個惰性氣體。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,方法100包括重複包括步驟104及106之單位沉積循環,且在步驟104及/或106後具可選的沖洗或移動步驟。沉積循環可重複一或多次,例如,基於所欲的氮化硼厚度。舉例而言,若氮化硼的厚度小於具體應用之所欲者,則可重複步驟104及106一或多次。在一些實施例中,方法包含從至少1循環到至多100循環、或從至少2循環到至多80循環、或從至少3循環到至多70循環、或從至少4循環到至多60循環、或從至少5循環到至多50循環、或從至少10循環到至多40循環、或從至少20循環到至多30循環。在一些實施例中,方法包含至多100循環、或至多90循環、或至多80循環、或至多70循環、或至多60循環、或至多50循環、或至多40循環、或至多30循環、或至多20循環、或至多10循環、或至多5循環、或至多4循環、或至多3循環、或至多2循環、或單一循環。
處理步驟108可包括電漿製程。可在一或多個沉積循環後進行處理步驟108,及/或可在該一或多個沉積循環期間進行處理步驟108(亦即,沉積及處理可並行發生)。在某些實施例中,處理108可包含電漿處理,該電漿處理可包含使基材(其上具氮化硼膜)與由含氫氣體、含氮氣體、及/或惰性氣體中之至少一者所生成電漿接觸。舉例而言,處理108可包含電漿處理製程,該電漿處理製程用於藉由緻密化氮化硼膜(例如,採用氫基或氬基電漿)、還原氮化硼膜(例如,採用氫基或肼基電漿)、將氮化硼膜氮化(例如,採用氮基電漿,諸如分子氮或氨)、或降低氮化硼膜的雜質濃度(例如,採用基於惰性氣體之電漿,諸如例如氬)中之至少一者來改善所沉積氮化硼之品質。處理步驟108可係可選的。
圖2繪示依據本揭露之額外實例的結構/裝置之部份200。裝置或結構200包括基材202及經形成上覆基材202的氮化硼之層(或氮化硼層)204。
基材202可係或可包括本文中所描述之基材材料中的任何者。氮化硼之層204可根據本文中所描述之方法形成。當層204使用循環沉積製程形成時,硼、氮及/或其他成分(例如,碳、氫、或類似者)在氮化硼層204中之濃度可從氮化硼層204之底部至氮化硼層204之頂部變化,例如,控制在一或多個沉積循環期間硼前驅物及/或(多個)反應物之量及/或各別之脈衝時間或脈衝數目。在一些情況下,氮化硼層204可具有化學計量組成。氮化硼層204的各種性質可藉由改變層中或沉積循環中的硼、氮及/或其他化合物之量來改變。
在一些實施例中,根據本文中所揭示的方法沉積的氮化硼具有的抗蝕刻性可優於由先前製程所沉積的相當氮化硼膜。舉例而言,於稀釋氫氟酸(1:100)中由本揭露之方法所沉積之氮化硼膜之濕式蝕刻速率相對熱氧化矽之濕式蝕刻速率的比率(WERR)可為小於1.0、或小於0.5、或小於0.4、或小於0.2、或小於0.1、或介於大約0.1與大約1.0之間。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,根據本文中所揭示方法所沉積之氮化硼可(於室溫)在稀釋氫氟酸(1:100)中具有小於1.5奈米/分鐘、或小於1.0奈米/分鐘、或甚至小於0.8奈米/分鐘之濕式蝕刻。
在本揭露之一些實施例中,氮化硼基本上由硼及氮所組成。在一些實施例中,氮化硼膜可包含摻雜碳的氮化硼。
在一些情況下,氮化硼之層204為非晶形的。在一些情況下,氮化硼之層204不是多晶的。
氮化硼之層204之介電常數可小於2.6、小於2、或小於1.8。介電常數可大於1或大於1.5或大於1.7。
圖4繪示經部分製造的DRAM裝置結構400的橫截面示意圖。用於形成例示性DRAM裝置結構400之例示性製程描述於已發證給Roh等人之美國專利第7,910,452號中,且藉由引用納入本文中。參照圖4,絕緣層406可形成於半導體主體402上方。儲存節點接觸孔可形成於絕緣層406中,且儲存節點接觸插塞408可形成於儲存節點接觸孔中。絕緣層406可包含未摻雜矽酸鹽玻璃(USG)。一圖案化蝕刻止停層410可形成於絕緣層406上方。在本揭露之一些實施例中,圖案化蝕刻止停層410可包含根據本揭露之實施例所沉積之氮化硼膜。此外,用於形成儲存節點之導電層可包含電極404,諸如例如金屬氮化物。
如本文中所描述或如本文中所描述地形成之氮化硼可在後段(BEOL)製程中使用。作為一非限制性實例實施例,根據本揭露之實施例所沉積之氮化硼膜可利用作為BEOL金屬化應用中之障壁層,如圖5中所繪示。更詳細而言,圖5繪示經部分製造的半導體裝置結構500,其包含基材502,該基材可包括經部分製造及/或經製造之半導體裝置結構,諸如電晶體及記憶體元件(未示出)。經部分製造之半導體裝置結構500可包括形成於基材502上方之介電材料504,該材料可包含低介電常數材料,亦即低k介電質,諸如含矽介電質或金屬氧化物介電質。在一些實施例中,介電材料504可包含根據本揭露之實施例所沉積之氮化硼膜。
溝槽可形成於介電材料504中,且障壁層506可設置於溝槽之表面上,此防止或實質上防止金屬互連材料508擴散至周圍介電材料504中。在本揭露之一些實施例中,障壁層506可包含藉由本文中所描述之沉積製程所沉積之氮化硼膜。
經部分製造之半導體結構500亦可包含用於將設置於基材502中/上之複數個裝置結構電氣互連的金屬互連材料508。在一些實施例中,金屬互連材料508可包含銅或鈷。此外,蓋層510可設置於金屬互連508之上表面上方。
因此,參照圖5,半導體裝置結構500亦可包括直接設置於金屬互連材料508之上表面上的蓋層510。蓋層510可被利用來防止金屬互連材料508氧化,且重要地係防止金屬互連材料508擴散至在後續製造製程中形成於經部分製造之半導體結構500上方的額外介電材料中(亦即,用於多層互連結構)。在一些實施例中,金屬互連材料508、障壁層506及蓋層510可共同形成用於將設置於基材502中/上之複數個半導體裝置電氣互連的電極。在一些實施例中,蓋層510亦可包含根據本揭露之實施例所沉積之氮化硼膜。
圖3繪示依據本揭露之又額外例示性實施例的系統300。系統300可用以進行如本文中所描述之方法及/或形成如本文中所描述之結構或裝置部份。
在所繪示之實例中,系統300包括一或多個反應室314、經由第一閥303與反應室314流體連通之硼前驅物源302、經由第二閥305與反應室314流體連通之氮源304、經由第三閥307與反應室314流體連通之第三氣體源(例如,載體及/或沖洗氣體源)306;排氣源316及控制器318。系統300可以可選地包括遠端電漿源320以激發來自一或多個源302至306的氣體。
反應室314可包括任何合適的反應室,諸如ALD或CVD反應室。反應室314可包括氣體分配系統322(諸如噴淋頭),及用以保持基材的基座324。氣體分配系統322及基座324可用以在反應室314內形成直接電漿。
硼前驅物源302可包括一容器與一或多個如本文中所描述之硼前驅物,單獨地或與一或多個載體(例如,惰性)氣體混合。氮源304可包括一容器與一或多個如本文中所描述之前驅物(例如氮前驅物),單獨地或與一或多個載體氣體混合。第三氣體源306可包括一或多個如本文中所描述之惰性及/或載體氣體。雖然繪示有三個氣體源302至306,但系統300可包括任何合適數目之氣體源。氣體源302至306可經由管線308至312耦接至反應室314,該等管線可各自包括流動控制器、閥、加熱器及類似者。
排氣源316可包括一或多個真空泵。
控制器318包括電子電路系統及軟體,以選擇性操作閥、歧管、加熱器、泵、及其他包括在系統300中的組件。此類電路系統及組件可操作以從各別源302至306引入前驅物、反應物、及沖洗氣體。控制器318可控制氣體脈衝序列的時序、基材及/或反應室的溫度、反應室內的壓力、及各種其他操作,以提供系統300的合宜操作。控制器318可包括控制軟體,以電氣控制或氣動控制閥,而控制前驅物、反應物及沖洗氣體進出反應室314的流動。控制器318可包括進行某些任務之模組,諸如軟體或硬體組件,例如FPGA或ASIC。模組可有利地經組態以駐存在控制系統的可定址儲存媒體上,且可經組態以執行一或多個製程。舉實例而言,控制器318可係可操作地連接至第一閥303及第二閥305,且經組態及程式化以控制:在反應室中供應硼前驅物,該硼前驅物包含碘及溴中之一或多者,以及供應包含經取代肼化合物的氮前驅物至反應室,以藉此將氮化硼沉積於基材上。
系統300之其他組態係可行的,包括不同數目及種類的前驅物及反應物源以及沖洗氣體源。進一步言,將瞭解閥、導管、前驅物源及沖洗氣體源有許多配置,其等可用以達成將氣體選擇性饋送至反應室314中的目標。進一步言,作為設備的示意性表示,許多組件為了繪示簡明已省略,且此類組件可包括例如各種閥、歧管、純化器、加熱器、容器、通氣孔及/或旁路。
在沉積系統300的操作期間,諸如半導體晶圓(未繪示)的基材從例如基材搬運系統轉移至反應室314。一旦(多個)基材經轉移至反應室314,來自氣體源302至306的一或多個氣體(諸如前驅物、反應物、載體氣體及/或沖洗氣體)被引入至反應室314中,以沉積氮化硼。
上文所描述之實例實施例並未限制本發明之範疇,由於此等實施例僅為本發明之實施例的實例,本發明之範疇係由文後申請專利範圍及其法定等同項所界定。任何等效實施例皆意欲落入本發明之範疇內。實際上,除本文所示及所描述者外,在所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者當可從本說明書明白本揭露的各種修改,諸如所描述元件的替代可用組合。此類修改及實施例亦意欲落入隨附之申請專利範圍的範疇內。
100:方法
102:步驟
104:步驟
106:步驟
108:步驟
200:裝置/結構
202:基材
204:氮化硼之層/氮化硼層
300:系統
302:硼前驅物源/源
303:第一閥
304:氮源/源
305:第二閥
306:第三氣體源/源
307:第三閥
308至312:管線
314:反應室
316:排氣源
318:控制器
320:遠端電漿源
322:氣體分配系統
324:基座
400:DRAM裝置結構
402:半導體主體
404:電極
406:絕緣層
408:儲存節點接觸插塞
410:圖案化蝕刻止停層
500:半導體裝置結構
502:基材
504:介電材料
506:障壁層
508:金屬互連材料/金屬互連
510:蓋層
當結合下列闡釋性圖式考慮時,可藉由參照實施方式及申請專利範圍而對本揭露之例示性實施例有更完整理解。
圖1繪示依據本揭露之至少一實例的在基材之表面上形成氮化硼之方法。
圖2繪示依據本揭露之至少一實施例的包含一氮化硼之層的裝置結構。
圖3繪示依據本揭露之至少一實施例的在基材之表面上形成氮化硼之系統。
圖4繪示依據本揭露之額外實例之經部分製造的DRAM裝置結構的橫截面示意圖。
圖5繪示依據本揭露之實例之另一經部分製造的半導體裝置結構。
將瞭解的是,圖式中之元件係為了簡明及清楚起見而繪示,且不必然按比例繪製。舉例而言,圖式中之一些元件的尺寸可能相對於其他元件而特別放大,以幫助改善對所繪示本揭露實施例的理解。
100:方法
102:步驟
104:步驟
106:步驟
108:步驟
Claims (19)
- 一種在一基材的一表面上形成氮化硼之方法,該方法包含以下步驟: 在一反應室內提供一基材; 提供一硼前驅物至該反應室,該硼前驅物包含一硼鹵化合物,該硼鹵化合物包含碘及溴中之一或多者;及 提供一氮前驅物至該反應室,該氮前驅物包含一經取代肼化合物。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該方法係一熱沉積製程。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該方法包含一電漿輔助製程。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法,其中該方法包含化學氣相沉積。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法,其中該方法包含一循環沉積法。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之方法,其進一步包含一處理步驟。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項之方法,其中該氮化硼係非晶形的。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項之方法,其中該硼前驅物係選自三碘化硼及三溴化硼中之一或多者。
- 如請求項1至8中任一項之方法,其中該硼前驅物不包含氟或氯。
- 如請求項1至9中任一項之方法,其中該經取代肼化合物包含至少一鍵結至一氮原子之氫原子。
- 如請求項1至10中任一項之方法,其中該經取代肼化合物包含至少兩個鍵結至一氮原子之氫原子。
- 如請求項1至11中任一項之方法,其中該經取代肼化合物包含至少一鍵結至一氮原子之烷基團。
- 如請求項12之方法,其中該烷基團包含的碳原子介於1個與10個之間。
- 如請求項1至13中任一項之方法,其中該經取代肼化合物係選自由以下所組成之群組:三級丁基肼(C 4H 9N 2H 3)、甲基肼(CH 3NHNH 2)、二甲基肼(C 2H 8N 2)及二乙基肼(C 4H 12N 2)。
- 如請求項1至14中任一項之方法,其中該反應室內之一溫度係介於約300 °C與約600 °C之間、約350 °C與約550 °C之間、或約200 °C與約400 °C之間。
- 如請求項1至15中任一項之方法,其中該反應室內之一壓力係介於約0.5托與約50托之間、或約1托與約10托之間。
- 一種裝置結構,其包含根據請求項1至16中任一項之方法所形成之一氮化硼之層。
- 如請求項17之裝置結構,其中該氮化硼之層之一介電常數小於2.6、小於2、或小於1.8。
- 一種用於在一基材之一表面上形成氮化硼之系統,該系統包含: 一反應室,其用於容納一基材; 一硼前驅物,其經由一第一閥與該反應室流體連通; 一氮源,其經由一第二閥與該反應室流體連通; 一控制器,其可操作地連接至該第一閥及該第二閥,並經組態及程式化以控制: 在該反應室中供應一硼前驅物,該硼前驅物包含碘及溴中之一或多者; 供應一氮前驅物至該反應室,該氮前驅物包含一經取代肼化合物;及 在該基材上沉積該氮化硼。
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