TW202210202A - Friction stir welding adapter and tool holder capable of determining the advance depth - Google Patents
Friction stir welding adapter and tool holder capable of determining the advance depth Download PDFInfo
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本發明是關於一種可判斷進刀深度的摩擦攪拌焊接頭及焊接刀把。The invention relates to a friction stir welding joint and a welding tool handle which can judge the depth of the cutting tool.
摩擦攪拌焊接技術是通過刺入兩工件之間的刀頭對工件轉動摩擦,將刀頭的機械動能轉換成熱能,使得兩工件被摩擦部分因受熱而塑性變形,使兩工件因為材質攪拌而達成結合的目的。The friction stir welding technology converts the mechanical kinetic energy of the tool head into thermal energy by rubbing the tool head between the two workpieces, so that the friction part of the two workpieces is plastically deformed due to heat, so that the two workpieces are achieved by material stirring. combined purpose.
其中,如何讓控制系統準確判斷刀具進刀深度,進而提供焊接所需的頂鍛力,實是本領域技術人員所思量的。Among them, how to allow the control system to accurately judge the depth of the tool infeed, so as to provide the upsetting force required for welding, is what those skilled in the art have considered.
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種可判斷進刀深度的摩擦攪拌焊接頭/焊接刀把。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a friction stir welding head/welding tool holder which can judge the depth of the feed.
為了達成上述及其他目的,本發明提供一種可判斷進刀深度的摩擦攪拌焊接頭,其是供裝設於一工具機的一加工軸並用於對二工件進行摩擦攪拌焊接,該加工軸具有一旋轉主軸及一容置該旋轉主軸的主軸架,該摩擦攪拌焊接頭包括: 一頭座組,供固接於該主軸架,該頭座組具有一頭座容置腔; 一流體參數感測器; 一摩擦攪拌焊接刀把,容置於該頭座容置腔並供連接於該旋轉主軸,該摩擦攪拌焊接刀把具有一可受該旋轉主軸驅動旋轉的刀具及一第一冷卻流道,該第一冷卻流道用以在所述摩擦攪拌焊接時被導入一氣體流;以及 一靜軸肩總成,設於該頭座組遠離該主軸架的一側,該靜軸肩總成具有一刀孔、一環繞該刀孔的軸肩、一環繞該軸肩的氣體噴嘴盤及至少一個形成於該氣體噴嘴盤的氣體噴嘴,該靜軸肩總成允許該刀具的一部分自該刀孔露出,該氣體噴嘴連通於該第一冷卻流道並用以在所述摩擦攪拌焊接時朝該二工件噴出該氣體流,當該氣體噴嘴盤與該二工件之間的軸向距離改變時,該氣體流通過該氣體噴嘴的壓力及流量會改變,從而該第一冷卻流道中會產生流體參數變化; 其中,該流體參數感測器用以感測所述流體參數變化。In order to achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides a friction stir welding head capable of judging the depth of feed, which is installed on a machining shaft of a machine tool and used for friction stir welding two workpieces, and the machining shaft has a A rotating spindle and a spindle frame for accommodating the rotating spindle, and the friction stir welding head includes: a head-seat group for being fixedly connected to the main shaft frame, the head-seat group has a head-seat accommodating cavity; a fluid parameter sensor; A friction stir welding tool handle is accommodated in the head seat accommodating cavity and is connected to the rotating spindle. The friction stir welding tool handle has a tool that can be driven to rotate by the rotating spindle and a first cooling channel, the first cooling channel. cooling runners for being introduced into a gas flow during the friction stir welding; and A static shaft shoulder assembly is arranged on the side of the head seat group away from the main shaft frame, the static shaft shoulder assembly has a knife hole, a shaft shoulder surrounding the knife hole, a gas nozzle plate surrounding the shaft shoulder and At least one gas nozzle formed on the gas nozzle plate, the stationary shoulder assembly allows a portion of the tool to be exposed from the tool hole, the gas nozzle communicates with the first cooling channel and is used to face the friction stir welding during the friction stir welding. The gas flow is ejected from the two workpieces. When the axial distance between the gas nozzle plate and the two workpieces changes, the pressure and flow of the gas flow through the gas nozzle will change, so that fluid will be generated in the first cooling channel parameter changes; Wherein, the fluid parameter sensor is used for sensing the change of the fluid parameter.
為了達成上述及其他目的,本發明還提供一種可判斷進刀深度的摩擦攪拌焊接刀把,其是供連接於一工具機的一加工軸的一旋轉主軸並用於對二工件進行摩擦攪拌焊接,該摩擦攪拌焊接刀把包括: 一流體參數感測器; 一第一冷卻流道,用以在所述摩擦攪拌焊接時被導入一氣體流; 一刀具,可受該旋轉主軸驅動旋轉; 一刀具鎖固環,具有一刀孔、一刀具容置槽、一環繞該刀孔的軸肩、一環繞該軸肩的氣體噴嘴盤及至少一個形成於該氣體噴嘴盤的氣體噴嘴,該刀具容置槽用以容置該刀具的一部份,該刀具鎖固環允許該刀具的一部分自該刀孔露出,該氣體噴嘴連通於該第一冷卻流道並用以在所述摩擦攪拌焊接時朝該二工件噴出該氣體流,當該氣體噴嘴盤與該二工件之間的軸向距離改變時,該氣體流通過該氣體噴嘴的壓力及流量會改變,從而該第一冷卻流道中會產生流體參數變化; 其中,該流體參數感測器用以感測所述流體參數變化。In order to achieve the above and other objects, the present invention also provides a friction stir welding tool holder capable of judging the depth of feed, which is a rotating spindle connected to a machining shaft of a machine tool and used for friction stir welding two workpieces. Friction stir welding tool holders include: a fluid parameter sensor; a first cooling channel for being introduced into a gas flow during the friction stir welding; a tool, which can be driven to rotate by the rotating spindle; A tool locking ring has a tool hole, a tool accommodating groove, a shaft shoulder surrounding the tool hole, a gas nozzle plate surrounding the shaft shoulder, and at least one gas nozzle formed on the gas nozzle plate, the tool accommodating A slot is used to accommodate a part of the tool, the tool locking ring allows a part of the tool to be exposed from the tool hole, the gas nozzle is communicated with the first cooling flow channel and is used for facing the friction stir welding during the friction stir welding. The gas flow is ejected from the two workpieces. When the axial distance between the gas nozzle plate and the two workpieces changes, the pressure and flow of the gas flow through the gas nozzle will change, so that fluid will be generated in the first cooling channel parameter changes; Wherein, the fluid parameter sensor is used for sensing the change of the fluid parameter.
本發明中,由於氣體流會從氣體噴嘴朝工件噴出,因此當氣體噴嘴盤在焊接過程中與工件之間的軸向距離改變時,氣體流通過氣體噴嘴的壓力及流量也會改變,從而在第一冷卻流道中產生流體參數變化而可被流體參數感測器感測,從而讓控制系統得以判斷進刀深度。In the present invention, since the gas flow will be ejected from the gas nozzle toward the workpiece, when the axial distance between the gas nozzle disc and the workpiece changes during the welding process, the pressure and flow rate of the gas flow through the gas nozzle will also change, so that the The change of the fluid parameter in the first cooling channel can be sensed by the fluid parameter sensor, so that the control system can judge the depth of cutting.
請參考第1至9圖,所繪示者為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭(以下簡稱焊接頭)的其中一實施例。焊接頭可裝設於工具機的加工軸,用以對二工件進行摩擦攪拌焊接,加工軸具有一旋轉主軸1及一容置旋轉主軸1的主軸架2,焊接頭包括一頭座組200、一靜軸肩總成300、一摩擦攪拌焊接刀把400(以下簡稱焊接刀把)、一滾珠軸承襯套10、至少一滾珠軸承20、至少一活塞彈簧30、至少一活塞40、至少一第一導柱50、至少一第一線性軸承60、至少一第二導柱70、至少一第二線性軸承80、一線性軸承固定環90、一導柱固定環100、一第一隔熱環110、一第二隔熱環115及一流體參數感測器120。Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 9, which are one embodiment of the friction stir welding head (hereinafter referred to as the welding head) of the present invention. The welding head can be installed on the machining shaft of the machine tool to perform friction stir welding on two workpieces. The machining shaft has a rotating
頭座組200供固接於主軸架2,頭座組200內部圍構一頭座容置腔,頭座組200包括一頭座210、一頭座法蘭220及活塞固定盤230,頭座210供固接於主軸架2,頭座法蘭220設於頭座210遠離主軸架2的一端。為了組裝上的方便,頭座210又可分為頭座上部211及頭座下部212,頭座上部211設有油壓管路及冷卻管路,頭座下部212大致界定了頭座容置腔的側面輪廓。The
靜軸肩總成300可相對軸向位移地設於頭座組200遠離主軸架2的一側,更明確地說,靜軸肩總成300可相對軸向位移地嵌設於頭座法蘭220,靜軸肩總成300具有一刀孔301、一環繞刀孔301的軸肩302、一環繞軸肩302的氣體噴嘴盤303及至少一個形成於氣體噴嘴盤303的氣體噴嘴304,其中軸肩302較氣體噴嘴盤303更為凸出而能夠在摩擦攪拌焊接時壓抵工件。更明確地說,靜軸肩總成300包括一退刀壓環310及一靜軸肩環320,退刀壓環310設於頭座組200遠離主軸架2的一側,靜軸肩環320連接於退刀壓環310但不與頭座組200直接接觸,刀孔301、軸肩302、氣體噴嘴盤303及氣體噴嘴304是形成於靜軸肩環320。The static
焊接刀把400容置於頭座容置腔並供連接於旋轉主軸1,其具有一刀把錐體410、一扭力傳遞系統420、至少一刀把彈簧430、一刀具440及一閥體450。刀把錐體410一端供連接於旋轉主軸1並設有一拉桿螺栓411,該刀把錐體410具有一錐體容置腔,錐體容置腔具有一花鍵滑接段412、一鄰接花鍵滑接段412的襯套容置段413及一形成於襯套容置段413的第一鍵接槽414;為了冷卻及刀把控制等目的,刀把錐體410中還形成有一錐體流道415,錐體流道415具有一閥門416,錐體流道415在摩擦攪拌焊接時可被導入氣體流。扭力傳遞系統420包括一花鍵襯套421、一第一平行鍵422、一花鍵軸心423、一彈簧座424、一第二平行鍵425及一刀具鎖固環426。花鍵襯套421容置於襯套容置段413,花鍵襯套421具有一襯套外表面4211及一形成於襯套外表面4211的襯套鍵接槽4212。第一平行鍵422鍵接於刀把錐體410及花鍵襯套421之間而容置於第一鍵接槽414及襯套鍵接槽4212中,用以在刀把錐體410及花鍵襯套421之間傳遞扭力。花鍵軸心423可軸向滑移地穿設並鍵接於花鍵襯套421,花鍵軸心423具有一可於花鍵滑接段412軸向滑移的花鍵頭端4231及一花鍵尾端4232,花鍵尾端4232並未容置於花鍵襯套421內且形成有一花鍵鍵接槽4233。彈簧座424具有一彈簧座容置腔及一形成於彈簧座容置腔的第二鍵接槽4241,彈簧座容置腔用以容置花鍵軸心423的一部份。第二平行鍵425鍵接於花鍵軸心423及彈簧座424之間而容置於花鍵鍵接槽4233及第二鍵接槽4241中,用以在花鍵軸心423及彈簧座424之間傳遞扭力。刀具鎖固環426固接於彈簧座424並具有一刀具容置槽4261。扭力傳遞系統420中還形成有一第一冷卻流道427,第一冷卻流道427延伸經過花鍵軸心423、彈簧座424及刀具鎖固環426,且靜軸肩總成300的氣體噴嘴304連通於第一冷卻流道427。刀把彈簧430設於刀把錐體410及彈簧座424之間,主要用以提供摩擦攪拌焊接所需的頂鍛力(forge force)。刀具440設於刀具容置槽4261且具有一自刀具容置槽4261突出的加工端,並且,刀具440的一部份可自靜軸肩總成300的刀孔301突出。通過扭力傳遞系統420,扭力可以從刀把錐體410傳遞至刀具440,同時又允許花鍵軸心423、彈簧座424、刀具鎖固環426及刀具440可相對刀把錐體410軸向位移。The
閥體450設於花鍵軸心423而與刀具440連動,並選擇性地密封閥門416;當閥體450封閉閥門416時,錐體流道415與第一冷卻流道427無法連通;當閥體450未封閉閥門416時,錐體流道415與第一冷卻流道427相連通,從而使得氣體流能依序流經錐體流道415、第一冷卻流道427並從氣體噴嘴304噴出,流體參數感測器120用以感測氣體流在流道內的流體參數變化,從而實現冷卻及刀把控制的目的,詳細原理將於後文說明。流體參數感測器120可設於能感測氣體流流體參數的任何位置,例如可設於錐體流道、第一冷卻流道或甚至設於錐體流道上游的加工軸內部氣體流道中,只要能感測到氣體流的流體參數變化即可,所述流體參數可為氣壓及/或流量。The
滾珠軸承襯套10設於頭座容置腔,滾珠軸承20設於滾珠軸承襯套10與焊接刀把400之間,用以在兩者之間傳遞力量。更明確地說,滾珠軸承襯套10與彈簧座424之間形成一滾珠軸承容置腔,滾珠軸承20設於滾珠軸承容置腔而用以在滾珠軸承襯套10及彈簧座424之間傳遞力量,例如傳遞刀把彈簧430被壓縮而產生的軸向頂鍛力。The ball bearing bushing 10 is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the head seat, and the ball bearing 20 is arranged between the ball bearing bushing 10 and the
活塞40設於頭座組200與靜軸肩總成300之間,活塞40在焊接刀把400的軸向上的長度可變,從而允許靜軸肩總成400可以相對焊接刀把400軸向位移,而且允許軸肩302壓抵工件。更明確地說,活塞40的一端設於活塞固定盤230並與頭座上部211的油壓管路連接,通過油壓驅動而改變軸向長度,活塞40另端則設於退刀壓環310。The
第一導柱50與第一線性軸承60的數量相同,第一導柱50在軸向上延伸並穿設於第一線性軸承60,第一導柱50連接於頭座210與頭座法蘭220之間,用以在摩擦攪拌焊接時將焊接頭所承受的力量經由頭座210傳遞至主軸架2。The number of the
第二導柱70與第二線性軸承80的數量相同,第二導柱70在軸向上延伸並穿設於第二線性軸承80,第二導柱70連接於導柱定位環100與靜軸肩總成300之間,第二導柱70與第二線性軸承80的設置可讓靜軸肩總成300在軸向上平順位移,導柱定位環100一來可用以定位第二導柱,二來可用以限制靜軸肩總成300軸向位移的行程,具有行程極限保護作用。The number of the
線性軸承固定環90具有至少一第一軸承孔91、至少一第二軸承孔92及一活塞穿孔93,線性軸承固定環90固定於滾珠軸承襯套10周緣,用以定位第一、第二線性軸承60、80並傳遞受力。第一線性軸承60設於第一軸承孔91,第二線性軸承80設於第二軸承孔92,活塞40則穿設於活塞穿孔93。活塞彈簧30設於活塞40與線性軸承固定環90之間,用以在活塞40未工作時將靜軸肩總成300推向加工軸的方向。其中,焊接時刀具所承受的側向力及橫向力可通過滾珠軸承20、滾珠軸承襯套10而傳遞至第一、第二線性軸承60、80、第一、第二導柱50、70,再經由頭座法蘭220及頭座210傳遞至主軸架2,從而可以保護扭力傳遞系統,避免損壞。The linear bearing
第一隔熱環110設於退刀壓環310與靜軸肩環320之間,第二隔熱環115設於退刀壓環310與滾珠軸承襯套10之間,第一、第二隔熱環110、115的導熱係數低於退刀壓環310、靜軸肩環320及滾珠軸承襯套10的導熱係數,用以減少熱能傳遞到焊接頭內部。第一、第二隔熱環110、115可以構成一個良好的隔熱系統,避免軸承相關元件過熱損壞。除此之外,線性軸承固定環90與滾珠軸承襯套10之間還存在一第二冷卻流道95,亦即第二冷卻流道95環繞滾珠軸承襯套10的外周緣;也就是說,第一、第二冷卻流道構成了一個冷卻系統,其同樣可用以避免軸承相關元件過熱損壞。The first
在上述焊接頭中存在一個靜軸肩系統。由於靜軸肩總成300在摩擦攪拌焊接時不會被旋轉主軸1驅動旋轉,因此在摩擦攪拌焊接時,刀具440單獨轉動,軸肩302與工件表面僅產生相對滑動,因此可以減少軸肩與與工件表面摩擦,減少摩擦攪拌焊接時的熱輸入。In the above welding head there is a system of static shoulders. Since the static
在上述焊接頭中存在一個退刀系統。一般而言,摩擦攪拌焊接包括進刀工序、焊接工序及退刀工序;刀具440在進刀工序及焊接工序中可自靜軸肩環320的刀孔301露出並開始對工件進行焊接,此時活塞彈簧30會將退刀壓環310往上拉並利用第二導柱70及第二線性軸承80而允許靜軸肩環320不旋轉但可以上下軸向滑動;退刀工序中,加工軸開始遠離工件,帶動刀具440開始退出工件,此時如果軸肩不壓抵工件的話,那麼退刀後會在刀具440退出工件的位置形成一個退出孔(exit hole),後續還需對退出孔進行修補,或者需將產生退出孔的部位切除。而本發明因為設有活塞40,因此在退刀工序時,活塞40可被油壓驅動開始工作,使得靜軸肩環320的軸肩302在刀具440退刀時保持壓抵工件,而這個動作可以確保退刀後不在工件表面產生退出孔,從而提高了焊接的質量。There is a retraction system in the above welding head. Generally speaking, friction stir welding includes a feeding process, a welding process and a tool retracting process; during the feeding process and the welding process, the
在上述焊接頭中存在一個頂鍛力傳遞系統。焊接時,刀具440尖端會刺入工件,並且使得刀把彈簧430被壓縮而提供焊接所需的頂鍛力,頂鍛力的大小可由刀把彈簧430的壓縮量控制。而由於本發明的扭力傳遞系統允許刀具440軸向上下滑移,所以即便工件表面不平坦,刀具440及軸肩302都可以很好地跟隨工件表面,且由於頂鍛力是由刀把彈簧430所提供,因此在刀具跟隨工件表面的過程中僅會使刀把彈簧430的彈力產生些微變化,而不會造成頂鍛力的巨大變化或消失,進而克服因工件表面不平坦而影響焊接品質的問題。In the above welding head there is an upsetting force transmission system. During welding, the tip of the
在上述焊接頭中存在一個氣閥開關系統。本發明具有一個與刀具440連動的閥體450,因此當刀具440尖端刺入工件而軸向退縮時,閥體450離開原位置而不再封閉閥門416,且由於閥體450與閥門416的相對位置改變時,氣體流通過閥門416的壓力及流量便會相應改變,使得第一冷卻流道、錐體流道、甚至錐體流道上游的流道的至少一者會產生流體參數變化,此時流體參數感測器120可以根據所感測的流體參數變化判斷刀具440尖端刺入工件的位置,並用以調整加工軸的軸向位移量,從而使得刀把彈簧430的壓縮量可被控制,進而控制焊接所需的頂鍛力。除此之外,由於氣體流會從氣體噴嘴304朝工件噴出,因此當氣體噴嘴盤303在焊接過程中與工件之間的軸向距離改變時,氣體流通過氣體噴嘴304的壓力及流量也會改變,從而在第一冷卻流道中產生流體參數變化而可被流體參數感測器120感測,此法也可讓控制系統得以判斷進刀深度。In the above welding head there is a gas valve switch system. The present invention has a
此外,由於整合了以上多個功能,本發明的焊接頭可被模組化地被夾持設置於加工軸。例如,當數值控制加工中心進行銑銷時,焊接頭模組不被安裝於加工軸上;後續進行摩擦攪拌焊接時,本發明的焊接頭就可以被模組化地進行自動夾持交換,實現全自動換模進行摩擦攪拌焊接的功能。In addition, due to the integration of the above functions, the welding head of the present invention can be clamped and arranged on the machining axis in a modular manner. For example, when the numerical control machining center performs pin milling, the welding head module is not installed on the machining shaft; when friction stir welding is performed subsequently, the welding head of the present invention can be modularized and automatically clamped and exchanged to achieve The function of automatic mold change for friction stir welding.
請參考第10至13圖,所繪示者為本發明焊接刀把的其中一實施例。焊接刀把400可裝設於工具機的加工軸,用以對二工件進行摩擦攪拌焊接,加工軸具有一旋轉主軸1及一容置旋轉主軸1的主軸架2。Please refer to FIGS. 10 to 13, which are one embodiment of the welding tool handle of the present invention. The welding tool handle 400 can be installed on the machining shaft of the machine tool for friction stir welding of two workpieces.
焊接刀把400供連接於旋轉主軸1,其具有一刀把錐體410、一扭力傳遞系統420、至少一刀把彈簧430、一刀具440、一閥體450及一流體參數感測器120。刀把錐體410一端供連接於旋轉主軸1並設有一拉桿螺栓411,該刀把錐體410具有一錐體容置腔,錐體容置腔具有一花鍵滑接段412、一鄰接花鍵滑接段412的襯套容置段413及一形成於襯套容置段413的第一鍵接槽414;為了冷卻及刀把控制等目的,刀把錐體410中還形成有一錐體流道415,錐體流道415具有一閥門416,錐體流道415在摩擦攪拌焊接時可被導入氣體流。扭力傳遞系統420包括一花鍵襯套421、一第一平行鍵422、一花鍵軸心423、一彈簧座424、一第二平行鍵425及一刀具鎖固環426。花鍵襯套421容置於襯套容置段413,花鍵襯套421具有一襯套外表面4211及一形成於襯套外表面4211的襯套鍵接槽4212。第一平行鍵422鍵接於刀把錐體410及花鍵襯套421之間而容置於第一鍵接槽414及襯套鍵接槽4212中,用以在刀把錐體410及花鍵襯套421之間傳遞扭力。花鍵軸心423可軸向滑移地穿設並鍵接於花鍵襯套421,花鍵軸心423具有一可於花鍵滑接段412軸向滑移的花鍵頭端4231及一花鍵尾端4232,花鍵尾端4232並未容置於花鍵襯套421內且形成有一花鍵鍵接槽4233。彈簧座424具有一彈簧座容置腔及一形成於彈簧座容置腔的第二鍵接槽4241,彈簧座容置腔用以容置花鍵軸心423的一部份。第二平行鍵425鍵接於花鍵軸心423及彈簧座424之間而容置於花鍵鍵接槽4233及第二鍵接槽4241中,用以在花鍵軸心423及彈簧座424之間傳遞扭力。刀具鎖固環426固接於彈簧座424並具有一刀孔301、一刀具容置槽4261、一環繞刀孔301的軸肩302、一環繞軸肩302的氣體噴嘴盤303及至少一個形成於氣體噴嘴盤303的氣體噴嘴304。扭力傳遞系統420中還形成有一第一冷卻流道427,第一冷卻流道427延伸經過花鍵軸心423、彈簧座424及刀具鎖固環426,且氣體噴嘴304連通於第一冷卻流道427。刀把彈簧430設於刀把錐體410及彈簧座424之間,主要用以提供摩擦攪拌焊接所需的頂鍛力(forge force)。刀具440設於刀具容置槽4261且具有一自刀具容置槽4261突出的加工端,並且,刀具440的一部份可自刀孔301突出。通過扭力傳遞系統420,扭力可以從刀把錐體410傳遞至刀具440,同時又允許花鍵軸心423、彈簧座424、刀具鎖固環426及刀具440相對刀把錐體410軸向位移。The welding handle 400 is for connecting to the
閥體450設於花鍵軸心423而與刀具440連動,並選擇性地密封閥門416;當閥體450封閉閥門416時,錐體流道415與第一冷卻流道427無法連通;當閥體450未封閉閥門416時,錐體流道415與第一冷卻流道427相連通,從而使得氣體流能依序流經錐體流道415、第一冷卻流道427並從氣體噴嘴304噴出,流體參數感測器120用以感測氣體流在流道內的流體參數變化,從而實現冷卻及刀把控制的目的,詳細原理將於後文說明。流體參數感測器120可設於能感測氣體流流體參數的任何位置,例如可設於錐體流道、第一冷卻流道或甚至設於錐體流道上游的加工軸內部氣體流道中,只要能感測到氣體流的流體參數變化即可。The
在上述焊接刀把中存在一個頂鍛力傳遞系統。焊接時,刀具440尖端會刺入工件,並且使得刀把彈簧430被壓縮而提供焊接所需的頂鍛力,頂鍛力的大小可由刀把彈簧430的壓縮量控制。而由於本發明的扭力傳遞系統允許刀具440軸向上下滑移,所以即便工件表面不平坦,刀具440及軸肩302都可以很好地跟隨工件表面,且由於頂鍛力是由刀把彈簧430所提供,因此在刀具跟隨工件表面的過程中僅會使刀把彈簧430的彈力產生些微變化,而不會造成頂鍛力的巨大變化或消失,進而克服因工件表面不平坦而影響焊接品質的問題。There is an upsetting force transmission system in the above welding handle. During welding, the tip of the
在上述焊接刀把中存在一個氣閥開關系統。本發明具有一個與刀具440連動的閥體450,因此當刀具440尖端刺入工件而軸向退縮時,閥體450離開原位置而不再封閉閥門416,且由於閥體450與閥門416的相對位置改變時,氣體流通過閥門416的壓力及流量便會相應改變,使得第一冷卻流道、錐體流道、甚至錐體流道上游的流道的至少一者會產生流體參數變化,此時流體參數感測器120可以根據所感測的流體參數變化判斷刀具440尖端刺入工件的位置,並用以調整加工軸的軸向位移量,從而使得刀把彈簧430的壓縮量可被控制,進而控制焊接所需的頂鍛力。除此之外,由於氣體流會從氣體噴嘴304朝工件噴出,因此當氣體噴嘴盤303在焊接過程中與工件之間的軸向距離改變時,氣體流通過氣體噴嘴304的壓力及流量也會改變,從而在第一冷卻流道中產生流體參數變化而可被流體參數感測器120感測,此法也可讓控制系統得以判斷進刀深度。There is an air valve switch system in the above welding handle. The present invention has a
此外,由於整合了以上多個功能,本發明的焊接刀把可被模組化地被夾持設置於加工軸。例如,當數值控制加工中心進行銑銷時,焊接刀把模組不被安裝於加工軸上;後續進行摩擦攪拌焊接時,本發明的焊接刀把就可以被模組化地進行自動夾持交換,實現全自動換模進行摩擦攪拌焊接的功能。In addition, due to the integration of the above multiple functions, the welding tool holder of the present invention can be clamped and arranged on the machining shaft in a modular manner. For example, when the numerical control machining center performs pin milling, the welding tool holder module is not installed on the machining shaft; when friction stir welding is performed subsequently, the welding tool holder of the present invention can be modularized and automatically clamped and exchanged to achieve The function of automatic mold change for friction stir welding.
1:旋轉主軸 2:主軸架 10:滾珠軸承襯套 20:滾珠軸承 30:活塞彈簧 40:活塞 50:第一導柱 60:第一線性軸承 70:第二導柱 80:第二線性軸承 90:線性軸承固定環 91:第一軸承孔 92:第二軸承孔 93:活塞穿孔 95:第二冷卻流道 100:導柱固定環 110:第一隔熱環 115:第二隔熱環 120:流體參數感測器 200:頭座組 210:頭座 211:頭座上部 212:頭座下部 220:頭座法蘭 230:活塞固定盤 300:靜軸肩總成 301:刀孔 302:軸肩 303:氣體噴嘴盤 304:氣體噴嘴 310:退刀壓環 320:靜軸肩環 400:摩擦攪拌焊接刀把 410:刀把錐體 411:拉桿螺栓 412:花鍵滑接段 413:襯套容置段 414:第一鍵接槽 415:錐體流道 416:閥門 420:扭力傳遞系統 421:花鍵襯套 4211:襯套外表面 4212:襯套鍵接槽 422:第一平行鍵 423:花鍵軸心 4231:花鍵頭端 4232:花鍵尾端 4233:花鍵鍵接槽 424:彈簧座 4241:第二鍵接槽 425:第二平行鍵 426:刀具鎖固環 4261:刀具容置槽 427:第一冷卻流道 430:刀把彈簧 440:刀具 450:閥體1: Rotate the spindle 2: Spindle frame 10: Ball bearing bushing 20: Ball bearing 30: Piston Spring 40: Piston 50: The first guide post 60: The first linear bearing 70: Second guide post 80: Second linear bearing 90: Linear bearing retaining ring 91: The first bearing hole 92: Second bearing hole 93: Piston Perforation 95: Second cooling channel 100: Guide post retaining ring 110: The first heat insulation ring 115: Second thermal insulation ring 120: Fluid parameter sensor 200: Headset 210: Head seat 211: Upper head seat 212: The lower part of the head seat 220: Head seat flange 230: Piston fixed disc 300: Static shaft shoulder assembly 301: Knife hole 302: Shoulder 303: Gas Nozzle Disc 304: Gas Nozzle 310: Retraction ring 320: Static shaft shoulder ring 400: Friction stir welding handle 410: Knife handle cone 411: Tie rod bolt 412: Spline Sliding Section 413: Bushing accommodating section 414: First key slot 415: Cone runner 416: Valve 420: Torque Transmission System 421: Spline Bushing 4211: Bushing outer surface 4212: Bushing key slot 422: First Parallel Key 423: Spline shaft 4231: Spline head end 4232: Spline end 4233: Spline key slot 424: Spring seat 4241: Second key slot 425: Second Parallel Key 426: Tool locking ring 4261: Tool accommodating slot 427: First cooling runner 430: Knife handle spring 440: Knives 450: valve body
第1圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例的立體圖。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the friction stir welding joint of the present invention.
第2圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例另一角度的立體圖。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the friction stir welding joint of the present invention from another angle.
第3圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例的分解圖,主要表現扭力傳遞系統。Fig. 3 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the friction stir welding joint of the present invention, mainly showing the torque transmission system.
第4圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例的另一分解圖,主要表現靜軸肩系統。FIG. 4 is another exploded view of one embodiment of the friction stir welding head of the present invention, mainly showing the static shaft shoulder system.
第5圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例的另一分解圖,主要表現活塞、第一導柱及第二導柱,摩擦攪拌焊接刀把及部分元件省略未繪示。FIG. 5 is another exploded view of one embodiment of the friction stir welding head of the present invention, mainly showing the piston, the first guide post and the second guide post, and the friction stir welding tool handle and some components are omitted and not shown.
第6圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例的剖面示意圖。FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the friction stir welding joint of the present invention.
第7圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例另一角度的剖面示意圖。FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the friction stir welding joint of the present invention from another angle.
第8圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例焊接工序的剖面示意圖。FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the welding process of an embodiment of the friction stir welded joint of the present invention.
第9圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接頭其中一實施例退刀工序的剖面示意圖。FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tool retracting process of an embodiment of the friction stir welded joint of the present invention.
第10圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接刀把其中一實施例的立體圖。Fig. 10 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the friction stir welding tool handle of the present invention.
第11圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接刀把其中一實施例的分解圖。Fig. 11 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the friction stir welding tool handle of the present invention.
第12圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接刀把其中一實施例的剖面示意圖。FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the friction stir welding tool handle of the present invention.
第13圖為本發明摩擦攪拌焊接刀把其中一實施例焊接工序的剖面示意圖。FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the welding process of one embodiment of the friction stir welding knife handle of the present invention.
110:第一隔熱環110: The first heat insulation ring
115:第二隔熱環115: Second thermal insulation ring
200:頭座組200: Headset
300:靜軸肩總成300: Static shaft shoulder assembly
301:刀孔301: Knife hole
302:軸肩302: Shoulder
303:氣體噴嘴盤303: Gas Nozzle Disc
304:氣體噴嘴304: Gas Nozzle
310:退刀壓環310: Retraction ring
320:靜軸肩環320: Static shaft shoulder ring
400:摩擦攪拌焊接刀把400: Friction stir welding handle
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CN107414281A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-12-01 | 北京世佳博科技发展有限公司 | Reduce the device and welding method of agitating friction welding deformation |
CN111098016B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-10-08 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Friction stir welding equipment and cooling protection device thereof |
CN109570735B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-10-25 | 苏州市哈工万洲自动化有限公司 | One kind being suitable for aluminum steel and overlaps the adaptive friction stir weld device of pressure depth |
CN111496370B (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2022-03-18 | 南京理工大学 | Automatic sensing and control method suitable for friction stir welding track of angle joint |
CN110666337B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-13 | 天津大学 | Pressure-displacement cooperative control static shaft shoulder friction stir welding device and method |
TWM608384U (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-03-01 | 喬崴進科技股份有限公司 | Friction stir welding adapter and tool holder having an air valve switch system |
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2021
- 2021-06-03 TW TW110120277A patent/TWI765734B/en active
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