CN213560519U

CN213560519U - Friction stir weld joint with stationary shoulder system

Info

Publication number: CN213560519U
Application number: CN202022024289.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈松江; 丁士原; 刘德骐; 黄智威; 颜焕杰
Original assignee: Qiaoweijin Anhui Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qiaoweijin Anhui Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-16
Filing date: 2020-09-16
Publication date: 2021-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-16

Abstract

The application provides a friction stir welding connects with quiet shoulder system, it includes a headstock group, a friction stir welding handle of a knife and a quiet shoulder assembly, quiet shoulder assembly has a sword hole and a shoulder, the cutter of friction stir welding handle of a knife can expose from the sword hole, and the friction stir welding handle of a knife forms the relative rotation relation at friction stir and durable and quiet shoulder assembly, consequently can reduce shoulder and work piece surface friction, heat input when reducing friction stir welding.

Description

Friction stir weld joint with stationary shoulder system

Technical Field

The present application relates to a friction stir weld joint having a stationary shoulder system.

Background

The friction stir welding technology is characterized in that a tool bit penetrating between two workpieces performs rotational friction on the workpieces, mechanical kinetic energy of the tool bit is converted into heat energy, the friction parts of the two workpieces are subjected to plastic deformation due to heating, and the two workpieces are combined due to material stirring. Among other things, those skilled in the art are aware of how to provide a good static shoulder system.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The technical problem that this application will be solved provides a friction stir welding head with quiet shoulder system.

In order to achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides a friction stir welding head having a stationary shoulder system for friction stir welding two workpieces by a processing spindle mounted on a machine tool, the friction stir welding head including a feeding step, a welding step, and a retracting step, the processing spindle having a rotating spindle and a spindle holder accommodating the rotating spindle, the friction stir welding head comprising:

a head seat group for being fixedly connected with the main shaft frame, wherein the head seat group is provided with a head seat accommodating cavity;

the friction stir welding tool holder is accommodated in the headstock accommodating cavity and is connected with the rotating main shaft, and the friction stir welding tool holder is provided with a tool which is driven to rotate by the rotating main shaft;

a stationary shoulder assembly disposed on a side of the headstock set away from the main shaft mount, the stationary shoulder assembly having a tool hole and a shoulder surrounding the tool hole, the shoulder at least being configured to press against the two workpieces during a welding process, and the stationary shoulder assembly allowing a portion of the tool to be exposed from the tool hole during at least the feeding process and the welding process;

wherein, the friction stir welding tool holder forms a relative rotation relation with the static shaft shoulder assembly during friction stir welding.

Because the static shaft shoulder assembly cannot be driven to rotate by the rotating main shaft during friction stir welding, when the friction stir welding is carried out, the cutter rotates independently, and the shaft shoulder and the surface of the workpiece only slide relatively, so that the friction between the shaft shoulder and the surface of the workpiece can be reduced, and the heat input during the friction stir welding is reduced.

Other features and embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a friction stir weld joint of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another angle of an embodiment of the friction stir weld joint of the present application;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the friction stir weld joint of the present application, showing primarily a torque transmission system;

FIG. 4 is another exploded view of one embodiment of the friction stir weld joint of the present application, showing primarily a stationary shoulder system;

FIG. 5 is another exploded view of one embodiment of the friction stir weld joint of the present application, showing the piston, the first guide post and the second guide post, the friction stir weld handle and some components omitted;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional schematic view of one embodiment of a friction stir weld joint of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another angle of an embodiment of the friction stir weld joint of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a friction stir weld joint of the present application illustrating a welding process according to one embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a friction stir weld joint according to one embodiment of the present invention showing a tool retracting process.

Description of the symbols

1: the rotating main shaft 2: the main shaft bracket 10: ball bearing bush

20: ball bearing 30: the piston spring 40: piston

50: first guide post 60: first linear bearing 70: second guide post

80: second linear bearing 90: linear bearing fixing ring 91: first bearing hole

92: second bearing hole 93: piston penetration 95: second cooling flow passage

100: the guide post fixing ring 110: first heat insulating ring 115: second heat insulation ring

120: fluid parameter sensor 200: the head-mount group 210: head seat

211: the head mount upper portion 212: the headstock lower portion 220: headstock flange

230: piston fixed disk 300: stationary shaft shoulder assembly 301: knife hole

302: the shaft shoulder 303: gas nozzle disk 304: gas nozzle

310: tool retracting and pressing ring 320: dead axle shoulder ring 410: cutter handle cone

400: friction stir welding hilt

411: stay bolt 412: spline slip segment 413: bush receiving section

414: first keying slot 415: cone flow passage 416: valve gate

420: torque transfer system 421: spline bushing 4211: outer surface of the bushing

4212: bushing keyed slot 422: first parallel keys 423: spline axis

4231: spline head end 4232: spline tail end 4233: spline key groove

424: spring seat 4241: second keying groove 425: second parallel key

426: cutter locking ring 4261: tool accommodating groove 427: first cooling flow passage

430: handle spring 440: the cutter 450: valve body

Detailed Description

The positional relationship described in the following embodiments includes: the top, bottom, left and right, unless otherwise indicated, are based on the orientation of the elements in the drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a friction stir welding head (hereinafter referred to as a welding head) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The welding head is mounted on a processing shaft of a machine tool for friction stir welding two workpieces, the processing shaft has a rotating spindle 1 and a spindle holder 2 for accommodating the rotating spindle 1, and the welding head includes a head set 200, a stationary shoulder assembly 300, a friction stir welding tool holder 400 (hereinafter referred to as a welding tool holder), a ball bearing bush 10, at least one ball bearing 20, at least one piston spring 30, at least one piston 40, at least one first guide pillar 50, at least one first linear bearing 60, at least one second guide pillar 70, at least one second linear bearing 80, a linear bearing fixing ring 90, a guide pillar fixing ring 100, a first heat insulating ring 110, a second heat insulating ring 115, and a fluid parameter sensor 120.

The head set 200 is fixedly connected to the spindle frame 2, a head receiving cavity is enclosed inside the head set 200, the head set 200 includes a head base 210, a head base flange 220 and a piston fixing plate 230, the head base 210 is fixedly connected to the spindle frame 2, and the head base flange 220 is disposed at one end of the head base 210 away from the spindle frame 2. For convenience of assembly, the head base 210 may be further divided into a head base upper portion 211 and a head base lower portion 212, the head base upper portion 211 is provided with an oil pressure pipeline and a cooling pipeline, and the head base lower portion 212 substantially defines a side profile of the head base receiving cavity.

The stationary shoulder assembly 300 is disposed on a side of the head set 200 away from the spindle bracket 2 in a relatively axially displaceable manner, and more specifically, the stationary shoulder assembly 300 is embedded in the head base flange 220 in a relatively axially displaceable manner, the stationary shoulder assembly 300 has a tool hole 301, a shoulder 302 surrounding the tool hole 301, a gas nozzle plate 303 surrounding the shoulder 302, and at least one gas nozzle 304 formed in the gas nozzle plate 303, wherein the shoulder 302 protrudes more than the gas nozzle plate 303 so as to be capable of pressing against a workpiece during friction stir welding. More specifically, the stationary shoulder assembly 300 includes a tool retracting clamping ring 310 and a stationary shoulder ring 320, the tool retracting clamping ring 310 is disposed on a side of the headstock assembly 200 away from the spindle bracket 2, the stationary shoulder ring 320 is connected to the tool retracting clamping ring 310 but does not directly contact with the headstock assembly 200, and the tool hole 301, the shoulder 302, the gas nozzle plate 303 and the gas nozzle 304 are formed in the stationary shoulder ring 320.

The welding tool holder 400 is received in the holder receiving cavity and is adapted to be connected to the rotary spindle 1, and has a holder cone 410, a torque transmission system 420, at least one holder spring 430, a tool 440, and a valve body 450. One end of the tool holder cone 410 is connected to the rotating spindle 1 and provided with a pull rod bolt 411, the tool holder cone 410 is provided with a cone accommodating cavity, and the cone accommodating cavity is provided with a spline sliding connection section 412, a lining accommodating section 413 adjacent to the spline sliding connection section 412 and a first keying groove 414 formed in the lining accommodating section 413; for cooling and handle control purposes, a cone flow passage 415 is also formed in the handle cone 410, the cone flow passage 415 having a valve 416, the cone flow passage 415 being adapted to be introduced into a gas stream during friction stir welding. Torque transfer system 420 includes a splined bushing 421, a first parallel key 422, a splined shaft 423, a spring retainer 424, a second parallel key 425, and a tool locking ring 426. The splined bushing 421 is received in the bushing receiving section 413, the splined bushing 421 having a bushing outer surface 4211 and a bushing key slot 4212 formed in the bushing outer surface 4211. The first parallel keys 422 are keyed between the bit holder cone 410 and the splined bushing 421 and are received in the first keyed slot 414 and the bushing keyed slot 4212 for transferring torque between the bit holder cone 410 and the splined bushing 421. The spline shaft 423 is axially slidably inserted through and keyed to the spline bushing 421, the spline shaft 423 has a spline head end 4231 axially slidably inserted into the spline sliding connection section 412 and a spline tail end 4232, the spline tail end 4232 is not received in the spline bushing 421 and forms a spline key slot 4233. The spring seat 424 has a spring seat receiving cavity for receiving a portion of the spline shaft 423 and a second key groove 4241 formed in the spring seat receiving cavity. The second parallel key 425 is keyed between the splined shaft 423 and the spring seat 424 and received in the splined key slot 4233 and the second keyed slot 4241 for transmitting torque between the splined shaft 423 and the spring seat 424. The tool locking ring 426 is fixedly connected to the spring seat 424 and has a tool receiving groove 4261. A first cooling flow passage 427 is also formed in torque transfer system 420, first cooling flow passage 427 extends through splined shaft 423, spring retainer 424 and tool locking ring 426, and gas nozzle 304 of stationary shoulder assembly 300 communicates with first cooling flow passage 427. The handle spring 430 is disposed between the handle cone 410 and the spring seat 424, and is mainly used to provide an upsetting force (force) required for friction stir welding. The cutter 440 is disposed in the cutter accommodating groove 4261 and has a processing end protruding from the cutter accommodating groove 4261, and a portion of the cutter 440 may protrude from the cutter hole 301 of the stationary shoulder assembly 300. Torque can be transmitted from the holder cone 410 to the cutter 440 by the torque transmission system 420 while allowing the splined shaft 423, the spring seat 424, the cutter lock ring 426, and the cutter 440 to be axially displaced relative to the holder cone 410.

The valve body 450 is arranged on the spline shaft center 423 and is linked with the cutter 440, and selectively seals the valve 416; when valve body 450 closes valve 416, cone flow passage 415 is not in communication with first cooling flow passage 427; when the valve body 450 does not close the valve 416, the cone flow passage 415 is communicated with the first cooling flow passage 427, so that the gas flow can sequentially flow through the cone flow passage 415 and the first cooling flow passage 427 and be ejected from the gas nozzle 304, and the fluid parameter sensor 120 is used for sensing the fluid parameter change of the gas flow in the flow passage, thereby achieving the purposes of cooling and knife handle control, and the detailed principle will be described later. The fluid parameter sensor 120 may be located anywhere that is capable of sensing a fluid parameter of the gas stream, such as in the cone flow channel, the first cooling flow channel, or even in the gas flow channel inside the processing shaft upstream of the cone flow channel, as long as it is capable of sensing a change in a fluid parameter of the gas stream, such as gas pressure and/or flow rate.

The ball bearing bush 10 is disposed in the head housing cavity, and the ball bearing 20 is disposed between the ball bearing bush 10 and the welding handle 400 for transmitting force therebetween. More specifically, a ball bearing receiving cavity is formed between the ball bearing bush 10 and the spring seat 424, and the ball bearing 20 is disposed in the ball bearing receiving cavity for transmitting a force between the ball bearing bush 10 and the spring seat 424, such as an axial upsetting force generated by compressing the handle spring 430.

The piston 40 is disposed between the head block assembly 200 and the stationary shoulder assembly 300, and the length of the piston 40 in the axial direction of the welding tool holder 400 is variable, thereby allowing the stationary shoulder assembly 400 to be axially displaced relative to the welding tool holder 400 and allowing the shoulder 302 to be pressed against a workpiece. More specifically, one end of the piston 40 is disposed on the piston fixing plate 230 and connected to the oil pressure pipeline of the head seat upper portion 211, and the axial length is changed by oil pressure driving, and the other end of the piston 40 is disposed on the retracting clamping ring 310.

The number of the first guide posts 50 is the same as that of the first linear bearings 60, the first guide posts 50 extend in the axial direction and penetrate through the first linear bearings 60, and the first guide posts 50 are connected between the headstock 210 and the headstock flange 220 for transmitting the force borne by the welding head to the spindle frame 2 through the headstock 210 during the friction stir welding.

The number of the second guide pillars 70 is the same as that of the second linear bearings 80, the second guide pillars 70 extend in the axial direction and penetrate through the second linear bearings 80, the second guide pillars 70 are connected between the guide pillar positioning ring 100 and the stationary shaft shoulder assembly 300, the stationary shaft shoulder assembly 300 can move smoothly in the axial direction due to the arrangement of the second guide pillars 70 and the second linear bearings 80, the guide pillar positioning ring 100 can be used for positioning the second guide pillars, and can be used for limiting the axial displacement stroke of the stationary shaft shoulder assembly 300, and the stroke limit protection effect is achieved.

The linear bearing fixing ring 90 has at least one first bearing hole 91, at least one second bearing hole 92 and a piston through hole 93, and the linear bearing fixing ring 90 is fixed on the periphery of the ball bearing bush 10 for positioning the first and second

linear bearings

60, 80 and transmitting force. The first linear bearing 60 is disposed in the first bearing hole 91, the second linear bearing 80 is disposed in the second bearing hole 92, and the piston 40 is disposed through the piston through hole 93. The piston spring 30 is disposed between the piston 40 and the linear bearing retainer ring 90 to urge the stationary shoulder assembly 300 toward the machine axis when the piston 40 is not in operation. Lateral force and transverse force borne by the tool during welding can be transmitted to the first and second

linear bearings

60 and 80, the first and

second guide pillars

50 and 70 through the ball bearing 20 and the ball bearing bush 10, and then transmitted to the main spindle frame 2 through the headstock flange 220 and the headstock 210, so that the torque transmission system can be protected and damage can be avoided.

The first heat insulation ring 110 is arranged between the tool retracting press ring 310 and the static shaft shoulder ring 320, the second heat insulation ring 115 is arranged between the tool retracting press ring 310 and the ball bearing bush 10, and the heat conductivity coefficients of the first heat insulation ring 110 and the second heat insulation ring 115 are lower than the heat conductivity coefficients of the tool retracting press ring 310, the static shaft shoulder ring 320 and the ball bearing bush 10, so that heat energy is reduced to be transferred to the inside of the welding head. The first and second

heat insulating rings

110, 115 can form a good heat insulating system to prevent the bearing related components from being damaged due to overheating. In addition, a second cooling flow channel 95 is further disposed between the linear bearing fixing ring 90 and the ball bearing bush 10, that is, the second cooling flow channel 95 surrounds the outer periphery of the ball bearing bush 10; that is, the first and second cooling channels constitute a cooling system that also serves to prevent overheating damage to bearing related components.

A stationary shoulder system is present in the weld head. Because the stationary shoulder assembly 300 is not driven to rotate by the rotating spindle 1 during friction stir welding, the tool 440 rotates alone during friction stir welding, and the shoulder 302 only slides relative to the surface of the workpiece, so that friction between the shoulder and the surface of the workpiece can be reduced, and heat input during friction stir welding can be reduced.

There is a tool retracting system in the weld head. Generally, friction stir welding includes a feed step, a welding step, and a draw-back step; the cutter 440 can be exposed from the cutter hole 301 of the stationary shaft shoulder ring 320 in the cutting process and the welding process to start welding the workpiece, and at this time, the piston spring 30 can pull the cutter-releasing press ring 310 upwards and allow the stationary shaft shoulder ring 320 not to rotate but to slide vertically and axially by using the second guide pillar 70 and the second linear bearing 80; in the tool retracting procedure, the machining shaft starts to be away from the workpiece, the tool 440 is driven to start to retract from the workpiece, at this time, if the shaft shoulder does not press against the workpiece, an exit hole (exit hole) is formed at the position where the tool 440 retracts from the workpiece after tool retracting, and the exit hole needs to be repaired subsequently, or the part where the exit hole is generated needs to be cut. In the present application, because the piston 40 is provided, the piston 40 can be driven by oil pressure to start working during the tool retracting process, so that the shaft shoulder 302 of the stationary shaft shoulder ring 320 keeps pressing against the workpiece when the tool 440 retracts, and this action can ensure that no retracting hole is generated on the surface of the workpiece after tool retracting, thereby improving the welding quality.

An upset force transfer system is present in the weld joint. During welding, the tip of the tool 440 penetrates the workpiece and causes the handle spring 430 to be compressed to provide the upset force required for welding, the amount of upset force being controlled by the amount of compression of the handle spring 430. Since the torque transmission system allows the tool 440 to axially slide up and down, even if the workpiece surface is uneven, the tool 440 and the shoulder 302 can well follow the workpiece surface, and since the upsetting force is provided by the handle spring 430, the elastic force of the handle spring 430 can only slightly change in the process that the tool follows the workpiece surface, and the huge change or disappearance of the upsetting force can not be caused, thereby overcoming the problem that the welding quality is influenced due to the uneven workpiece surface.

A gas valve switching system is present in the welding head. The present application has a valve body 450 linked with the cutter 440, therefore, when the tip of the cutter 440 pierces the workpiece and retracts axially, the valve body 450 leaves the original position and does not close the valve 416 any more, and because the relative position of the valve body 450 and the valve 416 changes, the pressure and flow of the gas flow passing through the valve 416 will change correspondingly, so that at least one of the first cooling flow channel, the cone flow channel, and even the flow channel upstream of the cone flow channel will generate a fluid parameter change, at this time, the fluid parameter sensor 120 can judge the position where the tip of the cutter 440 pierces the workpiece according to the sensed fluid parameter change, and is used to adjust the axial displacement of the processing shaft, so that the compression amount of the handle spring 430 can be controlled, and further, the upsetting force required by welding can be controlled. In addition, since the gas flow is ejected from the gas nozzle 304 toward the workpiece, when the axial distance between the gas nozzle plate 303 and the workpiece is changed during welding, the pressure and flow rate of the gas flow passing through the gas nozzle 304 are also changed, so that a fluid parameter change is generated in the first cooling flow channel and can be sensed by the fluid parameter sensor 120, which also allows the control system to determine the depth of cut.

In addition, because the functions are integrated, the welding head of the application can be clamped and arranged on the machining shaft in a modularized mode. For example, when the numerical control machining center performs milling, the welding head module is not mounted on the machining shaft; when subsequently carrying out friction stir welding, the soldered connection of this application just can be carried out automatic centre gripping exchange by the modularization, realizes that full-automatic retooling carries out friction stir welding's function.

The above-described embodiments and/or implementations are only for illustrating the preferred embodiments and/or implementations of the technology of the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementations of the technology of the present application in any way, and those skilled in the art can make modifications or changes to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technology disclosed in the present application, but should be construed as technology or implementations substantially the same as the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a friction stir welding connects with quiet shoulder system, supplies to install in a processing axle of a machine tool and be used for carrying out friction stir welding to two work pieces, friction stir welding includes feed process, welding process and moves back the sword process, and this processing axle has a rotatory main shaft and the main shaft frame of this rotatory main shaft of an holding, and its characterized in that, this friction stir welding connects includes:

2. The friction stir weld joint having a stationary shoulder system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said stationary shoulder assembly is axially displaceable relative to said friction stir welding tool holder during said retracting sequence to maintain said pressure against said two workpieces.

3. The friction stir welding head according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the head set comprises a head for being fixedly connected to the spindle mount and a head flange provided at an end of the head remote from the spindle mount, the stationary shoulder assembly being embedded in the head flange.

4. The friction stir welding head as defined in claim 1 or 2 further comprising a ball bearing bushing disposed in the receiving cavity of the headstock and at least one ball bearing disposed between the ball bearing bushing and the handle.

5. The friction stir weld joint of claim 3, further comprising at least one first guide post and at least one first linear bearing, wherein the number of the first guide posts and the number of the first linear bearings are the same, the first guide posts extend in the axial direction and penetrate the first linear bearings, the first guide posts are connected between the headstock and the headstock flange, and the first linear bearings are disposed between the ball bearing bushing and the headstock.