TW202042483A - Power adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

A power adapter includes a circuit board, a power factor correction transistor, a bridge rectifier, a power factor correction inductance, a capacitor and a transformer. The circuit board has a first long side and a second long side that are parallel to each other. The power factor correction transistor is disposed on the circuit board, and close to the first long side. The bridge rectifier is disposed on the circuit board, and is adjacent to the second long side. The power factor correction inductance is disposed on the circuit board, and has a first long axis. The first long axis is parallel to the first long side. The capacitor and the power factor correction inductor are placed on the board side by side along the width direction of the board. The capacitor has a second long axis. Wherein the first long axis of the power factor correction inductor is parallel to the second long axis of the capacitor. The transformer is disposed on the circuit board, and is located next to the power factor correction inductor and capacitor.

Description

Adapter power

The present invention relates to a power supply, and particularly to an adapter power supply.

Common adapter power supplies usually need to be equipped with power factor correction transistors, bridge rectifiers, power factor correction inductors, capacitors, and transformers on the internal circuit board. Moreover, the power that the adapter power can achieve mainly depends on the electrical parameters and size specifications of the aforementioned components.

Generally speaking, adapter power supplies are usually used in related portable electronic devices such as notebook computers and game consoles. Therefore, the size of the adapter power supply itself is a point to consider for consumers. In view of this, if the overall volume of the adapter power supply can be reduced under the same electrical parameters and size specifications, the portability of electronic products can be further improved to meet the needs of consumers.

The present invention provides an adapter power supply, which can increase the area utilization rate of the circuit board to achieve the advantage of high power density.

An adapter power supply of the present invention includes a circuit board, a power factor correction transistor, a bridge rectifier, a power factor correction inductor, a capacitor and a transformer. The circuit board has a first long side and a second long side parallel to each other. The power factor correction transistor is arranged on the circuit board and is close to the first long side. The bridge rectifier is arranged on the circuit board and is close to the second long side. The power factor correction inductor is disposed on the circuit board and has a first long axis. The first long axis is parallel to the first long side. The capacitor and the power factor correction inductor are arranged side by side on the circuit board along the width direction of the circuit board. The capacitor has a second long axis. The first long axis of the power factor correction inductor is parallel to the second long axis of the capacitor. The transformer is configured on the circuit board and is located beside the power factor correction inductor and capacitor.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first long axis of the power factor correction inductor and the second long axis of the capacitor is between 20 mm and 23 mm.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the length occupied by the projection of the power factor correction inductor and the capacitor on the circuit board to the length of the circuit board is between 0.2 and 0.4.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit board is divided into a first area, a second area, and a third area in the length direction of the above-mentioned circuit board, and the power factor correction inductor and capacitor are located on the circuit board. The second district.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned power factor correction inductor includes a magnetic core. The magnetic core includes a central column and two arms located on both sides of the central column, and each arm has an arc-shaped outer contour.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the center of the above-mentioned center pillar and the outer edge of each arm portion is between 15 mm and 17 mm.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the angle formed by the line connecting the two ends of each arm portion to the axis of the center pillar is between 85° and 90°.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a cross-section of the above-mentioned center pillar presents a shape with a part of a circle cut off, and the area of the cross-section of the center pillar is the same as the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the two arms.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the width to the length of the circumscribed rectangle of the magnetic core is between 0.6 and 0.65.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the transformer and the power factor correction inductor are separated by a first distance, the transformer and the capacitor are separated by a second distance, and the difference between the first distance and the second distance does not exceed 5 mm.

Based on the above, the power factor correction inductors and capacitors of the adapter power supply of the present invention are respectively arranged side by side along the width direction of the circuit board. In this way, the long sides of the circuit board can be shortened to increase the area utilization rate of the circuit board and save the overall volume of the adapter power supply. In addition, the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor of the present invention are respectively arranged on the opposite first long side and the second long side. Therefore, the high heat energy generated by the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor can be dispersedly dissipated from the opposite sides without the need for additional heat dissipation elements to assist in heat dissipation, and the overall volume of the adapter power supply is further reduced.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

With the advancement of technology, the size of portable electronic products is shrinking day by day, and these portable electronic products usually require an adapter power supply to be able to charge. Therefore, as the volume of portable electronic products becomes smaller and smaller, the volume and portability of adapter power sources are gradually being valued. However, the applicable power of the adapter power supply is closely related to the size of its internal components. If you want to meet the demand for high power at the same time, it is likely that the volume of internal components cannot be reduced, which will affect the overall body of the adapter power supply. The following will explain in detail how to make the adapter power supply have a smaller volume and a higher power density by changing the relative positional relationship and shape between the components, so that it has better portability.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adapter power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1, in this embodiment, the adapter power supply 100 includes a circuit board 110, a power factor correction (PFC) transistor 120, a bridge rectifier 130, a power factor correction inductor 140, and a capacitor 150 And a transformer 160. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the power factor correction transistor 120, the bridge rectifier 130, the power factor correction inductor 140, the capacitor 150, and the transformer 160 are all disposed on the circuit board 110. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the circuit board 110 has a first long side 112 and a second long side 114 parallel to each other. The position and relative relationship of the above components on the circuit board 110 will be described in detail below.

Generally speaking, power factor correction transistors and bridge rectifiers are components that generate high heat energy. Therefore, in the conventional adapter power supply, the power factor correction transistor and the bridge rectifier are usually configured together. Because power factor correction transistors and bridge rectifiers generate high heat during operation, heat dissipation structures such as heat dissipation fins are required to assist heat dissipation. However, the heat dissipation structure occupies a certain volume, and the volume of the conventional adapter power supply cannot be reduced.

In view of this, in this embodiment, the position of the power factor correction transistor 120 is close to the first long side 112 of the circuit board 110. The bridge rectifier 130 is located close to the second long side 114. Of course, in other embodiments, the positions of the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 in the length direction D1 of the circuit board 110 can be appropriately configured according to actual needs, as long as the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge The rectifier 130 is arranged on the opposite sides of the circuit board 110 (the first long side 112 and the second long side 114). The present invention does not correct the length of the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 on the circuit board 110. The position in the direction D1 is restricted.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the first long side 112 and the second long side 114 of the circuit board 110 are respectively provided with two metal heat sinks 190 perpendicular to the circuit board 110 (e.g., the direction of ejection in FIG. 1), and these metals dissipate heat. The fins 190 are in contact with the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 respectively, wherein the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 are thermally coupled to the corresponding metal heat sink 190. In this way, the thermal energy of the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 can be dissipated through the corresponding metal heat sink 190 to increase the heat dissipation efficiency of the two.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the heat sink does not have to be perpendicular to the circuit board 110, as long as it is a configuration that can reduce the overall footprint of the adapter power supply 100. The invention does not impose restrictions on the material and arrangement of the heat sink.

In short, in this embodiment, the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 are separately configured. That is to say, the two components that generate high heat energy in the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment are separately arranged on opposite sides. Based on this design, there is no need to additionally configure a heat dissipation structure with strong heat dissipation capability, such as fins. In this embodiment, only the corresponding metal heat sink 190 is needed to effectively dissipate the heat generated by the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 of this embodiment.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the circuit board 110 divides the circuit board 110 into a first area 117, a second area 118, and a third area 119 along its length direction D1. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the first area 117, the second area 118, and the third area 119 may also be unequally divided in the length direction D1 of the circuit board 110, as long as the three are not too different, for example, The difference in length does not exceed 10%. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 are located in the second area 118 of the circuit board 110. The position of the power factor correction inductor 140 is close to the first long side 112, and the capacitor 150 and the power factor correction inductor 140 are arranged side by side on the circuit board 110 along the width direction D2 of the circuit board 110. Of course, in another embodiment not shown, the capacitor 150 can also be located close to the first long side 112, and the capacitor 150 and the power factor correction inductor 140 are also arranged side by side along the width direction D2 of the circuit board 110 On the circuit board 110. In short, the positions of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 in the width direction D2 can be reversed, and the present invention is not limited to this. In addition, the ratio of the length L150 occupied by the projection of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 on the circuit board 110 to the length L110 of the circuit board 110 in this embodiment is between 0.2 and 0.4. In this way, the length L110 of the circuit board 110 can be greatly reduced, so that the overall volume of the adapter power supply 100 can be reduced.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power factor correction inductor 140 also has a first long axis 142. The capacitor 150 also has a second long axis 152. Moreover, the first long axis 142 of the power factor correction inductor 140 is parallel to the first long side 112, and the second long axis 152 of the capacitor 150 is parallel to the first long axis 142 of the power factor correction inductor 140. In detail, the distance d3 between the first long axis 142 of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the second long axis 152 of the capacitor 150 is between 20 mm and 23 mm. In other words, the distance d3 between the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 in the width direction D2 of this embodiment should not be too far, so as not to increase the width W110 of the circuit board 110. In other words, the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 of this embodiment are arranged parallel to and side by side in the width direction D2 along the first long axis 142 and the second long axis 152 respectively, and the distance between the two is close. In this way, the area utilization rate of the circuit board 110 of this embodiment can be improved.

In addition, in this embodiment, the adapter power supply 100 further includes an input plug 170 and an output terminal 180. The input plug 170 is disposed in the first area 117 of the circuit board 110, and the output terminal 180 is disposed in the third area of the circuit board 110. 119. Of course, in other unillustrated embodiments, the actual positions of the input plug 170 and the output terminal 180 do not necessarily have to be arranged in the positions shown in FIG. 1, and the present invention does not apply to the input plug 170 and the output terminal 180. Be restricted.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the transformer 160 is disposed in the third area 119 of the circuit board 110 and is located beside the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150. In detail, as shown in FIG. 1, the symmetry center 160 a of the transformer 160 in this embodiment and the symmetry center 140 a of the power factor correction inductor 140 are separated by a first distance d1. The symmetry center 160a of the transformer 160 and the symmetry center 150a of the capacitor 150 are separated by a second distance d2. Moreover, the difference between the first distance d1 and the second distance d2 does not exceed 5 mm. In short, the transformer 160 of this embodiment is disposed in the third area 119 on the circuit board 110 and is adjacent to the positions of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150. Moreover, the first distance d1 between the transformer 160 and the power factor correction inductor 140 and the second distance d2 between the transformer 160 and the capacitor 150 are approximately the same. In this way, such a configuration can make the transformer 160, the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 tightly arranged, and can increase the area utilization of the circuit board 110.

It is worth mentioning that, generally speaking, an inductor belongs to an electromagnetic induction element, and its inductance is related to the size and type of its magnetic permeable component (the magnetic core 144 in FIG. 2). Moreover, the inductance value is proportional to the permeability of the magnetic conductive element, the square of the number of turns of the coil and the equivalent magnetic circuit cross-sectional area, and is inversely proportional to the equivalent magnetic circuit length. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the magnetic conductive element is, for example, the magnetic core 144 (FIG. 2 ), but the present invention does not limit the type and material of the magnetic conductive element. Based on the above premise, in this embodiment, it will be explained how to increase the equivalent magnetic circuit cross-sectional area and reduce the equivalent magnetic circuit length by changing the shape of the magnetic core 144 without occupying too much area of the circuit board 110. Therefore, the power factor correction inductor 140 of this embodiment can be used with better space utilization.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of disassembly and assembly of the power factor correction inductor of the adapter power supply of Fig. 1. 3 is a schematic top view of the magnetic core of the power factor correction inductor of FIG. 2. 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the power factor correction inductor 140 includes two magnetic cores 144 and a bracket 146 for winding a coil (not shown). The bracket 146 is assembled between the two magnetic cores 144. Each magnetic core 144 includes a center column 1441 and two arm portions 1443 located on both sides of the center column 1441, and each arm portion 1443 has an arc-shaped outer contour. When the two magnetic cores 144 are combined together, the coil is suitable to be located in the space between the two arm portions 1443 and the center pillar 1441. The area A1 of a cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is the same as the sum of the cross-sectional areas A2 of the two arm portions 1443. In addition, the distance d4 between the center of the center pillar 1441 and the outer edge of each arm portion 1443 is between 15 mm and 17 mm.

Compared with the conventional magnetic core which is close to a long rectangle in shape and has a larger length, the magnetic core 144 of this embodiment reduces the distance between the two arm portions 1443, and by turning the two arm portions 1443 upward and downward. Extend and resemble the two opposite arc shapes, so that the two arm portions 1443 still have enough area, that is, even if the shape changes, the total cross-sectional area A2 can still be the same or close to the cross-section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 of the core 144 The area A1. Through implementation, when the angle θ formed by the line connecting the two ends of each arm portion 1443 of the magnetic core 144 to the axis of the center pillar 1441 is between 85° and 90°, the magnetic core 144 can still be used in the width direction. The size is kept small, and the total cross-sectional area A2 can also be the same as or close to the area A1 of the cross section 1441 a of the center pillar 1441 of the magnetic core 144.

In addition, compared to the conventional magnetic core exhibiting a long and narrow rectangle, in this embodiment, since the distance between the two arm portions 1443 of the magnetic core 144 is reduced, the width W144 of the circumscribed rectangle of the magnetic core 144 is equal to The ratio of the length L144 is between 0.6 and 0.65. Based on this design, the length L144 of the circumscribed rectangle of the magnetic core 144 of this embodiment is shorter than that of the conventional magnetic core, so that the ratio of the width W144 to the length L144 is larger. Therefore, the power factor correction inductor 140 of this embodiment significantly reduces the length of the circuit board 110 occupied. In this way, the size of the circuit board 110 in the length direction can be effectively reduced.

In addition, in this embodiment, the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 presents a circular shape with a portion cut off. In detail, the reason why the center pillar 1441 of this embodiment has a circular shape with a part of it truncated is because in this embodiment, the magnetic flux of the magnetic core 144 depends on the area A1 of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441. And the cross-sectional area of the two arm portions 1443 is the smaller of the total A2. In short, if the cross-section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 of this embodiment is a complete circle (not shown), its area A1 will be greater than the sum of the cross-sectional areas A2 of the two arm portions 1443. However, the magnetic flux will still depend on The cross-sectional area of the two arm portions 1443 sums up to A2. Therefore, in this embodiment, a part of the circle of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is cut off to avoid occupying excess space and waste of materials.

Of course, in other unillustrated embodiments, as long as the area of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is designed to be close to the sum of the cross-sectional areas A2 of the two arm portions 1443, the shape of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is different. Limited to this. In addition, even if a part of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is not cut off, the magnetic flux of the magnetic core 144 will not be affected. Therefore, the present invention does not limit this.

It is worth mentioning that, for example, the size of the adapter power supply 100 in this embodiment is approximately: a length of 140.1 mm, a width of 65.1 mm, and a thickness of 25.4 mm. The size of the old adapter power supply is approximately: length 151.3 mm, width 75.6 mm, and thickness 25.4 mm. Therefore, under the condition that the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment has the same thickness as the conventional adapter power supply, the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment is reduced in volume by about 20%. Moreover, if it is assumed that the power of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment and the old adapter power supply are both 180W, the power density of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment is about 12.7 (W/m ³ ), and the power of the old adapter power supply The power density is 10.15 (W/m ³ ). In short, the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment has a power density that is about 25% higher than that of the conventional adapter power supply.

In addition, it should be noted that in other embodiments, the detailed size of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment may have some slight errors, and the power and power density of the adapter power supply 100 described above are only examples, and the present invention does not describe the details of the adapter power supply 100. Size, power, and power density are limited.

In summary, in the adapter power supply of the present invention, the power factor correction inductors and capacitors are arranged side by side along the width direction of the circuit board. In this way, the long side of the circuit board can be shortened to save the overall volume of the adapter power supply. In addition, the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor of the present invention are respectively arranged on the opposite first long side and the second long side. Therefore, the high heat energy generated by the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor can be dispersedly dissipated from the opposite sides without the need for additional heat dissipation elements to assist in heat dissipation, and the overall volume of the adapter power supply is further reduced.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

100: Adapter power 110: circuit board 112: first long side 114: second long side 117: District One 118: Second District 119: District Three 120: Power factor correction transistor 130: Bridge rectifier 140: Power factor correction inductor 142: first major axis 144: magnetic core 1441: center pillar 1441a: cross section 1443: Arm 146: Bracket 150: Capacitance 152: second long axis 160: Transformer 170: input plug 180: output 190: Metal heat sink 140a, 150a, 160a: center of symmetry L110, L144, L150: length W110, W144: width D1: length direction D2: width direction d1: first distance d2: second distance d3, d4: distance θ: included angle A1: area A2: Total cross-sectional area

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adapter power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of disassembly and assembly of the power factor correction inductor of the adapter power supply of Fig. 1. 3 is a schematic top view of the magnetic core of the power factor correction inductor of FIG. 2.

100: Adapter power

110: circuit board

112: first long side

114: second long side

117: District One

118: Second District

119: District Three

120: Power factor correction transistor

130: Bridge rectifier

140: Power factor correction inductor

142: first major axis

150: Capacitance

152: second long axis

160: Transformer

170: input plug

180: output

190: Metal heat sink

140a, 150a, 160a: center of symmetry

L110, L150: length

W110: width

D1: length direction

D2: width direction

d1: first distance

d2: second distance

d3: distance

Claims (11)

An adapter power supply, including: A circuit board having a first long side and a second long side that are parallel to each other; A Power Factor Correction (PFC) transistor, disposed on the circuit board and close to the first long side; A bridge rectifier disposed on the circuit board and close to the second long side; A power factor correction inductor, arranged on the circuit board and having a first long axis, wherein the first long axis is parallel to the first long side; A capacitor and the power factor correction inductor are arranged side by side on the circuit board along the width direction of the circuit board, the capacitor has a second long axis, and the first long axis of the power factor correction inductor is parallel to the The second long axis of the capacitor; and A transformer is arranged on the circuit board and is located beside the power factor correction inductor and the capacitor. In the adapter power supply described in claim 1, wherein the distance between the first long axis of the power factor correction inductor and the second long axis of the capacitor is between 20 mm and 23 mm. In the adapter power supply described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the ratio of the length of the power factor correction inductor and the projection of the capacitor on the circuit board to the length of the circuit board is between 0.2 and 0.4. The adapter power supply described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the circuit board is divided into a first zone, a second zone and a third zone in the length direction of the circuit board, and the power factor correction The inductor and the capacitor are located in the second area of the circuit board. The adapter power supply described in item 4 of the scope of patent application further includes an input plug located in the first area of the circuit board, and the transformer is located in the third area of the circuit board. The adapter power supply described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the power factor correction inductor includes a magnetic core, the magnetic core includes a central column and two arms located on both sides of the central column, each arm having an arc shape outline. The adapter power supply described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein the distance between the center of the center pillar and the outer edge of each arm is between 15 mm and 17 mm. According to the adapter power supply described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, the angle formed by the line connecting the two ends of each arm to the axis of the center column is between 85° and 90°. The adapter power supply according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein a cross section of the center pillar presents a shape with a part of a circle truncated, and the area of the cross section of the center pillar is the same as that of the two arm portions Total area. The adapter power supply described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein the ratio of the width to the length of the circumscribed rectangle of the magnetic core is between 0.6 and 0.65. The adapter power supply described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the transformer and the power factor correction inductor are separated by a first distance, the transformer and the capacitor are separated by a second distance, and the difference between the first distance and the second distance The value does not exceed 5 mm.

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