TWI686044B - Power adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

A power adapter includes a circuit board, a power factor correction transistor, a bridge rectifier, a power factor correction inductance, a capacitor and a transformer. The circuit board has a first long side and a second long side that are parallel to each other. The power factor correction transistor is disposed on the circuit board, and close to the first long side. The bridge rectifier is disposed on the circuit board, and is adjacent to the second long side. The power factor correction inductance is disposed on the circuit board, and has a first long axis. The first long axis is parallel to the first long side. The capacitor and the power factor correction inductor are placed on the board side by side along the width direction of the board. The capacitor has a second long axis. Wherein the first long axis of the power factor correction inductor is parallel to the second long axis of the capacitor. The transformer is disposed on the circuit board, and is located next to the power factor correction inductor and capacitor.

Description

Adapter power

The invention relates to a power supply, and in particular to an adapter power supply.

Common adapter power supplies usually need to be equipped with power factor correction transistors, bridge rectifiers, power factor correction inductors, capacitors and transformers on their internal circuit boards. Moreover, the power that the adapter power supply can achieve depends mainly on the electrical parameters and size specifications of the above components.

Generally speaking, the adapter power supply is usually used in portable electronic devices such as notebook computers and game consoles. Therefore, the size of the adapter power supply itself is a point for consumers to consider. In view of this, if the overall volume of the adapter power supply can be reduced under the conditions of the same electrical parameters and size specifications, the portability of electronic products can be further improved to meet the needs of consumers.

The invention provides an adapter power supply, which can increase the area utilization rate of a circuit board to achieve the advantage of high power density.

An adapter power supply of the present invention includes a circuit board, a power factor correction transistor, a bridge rectifier, a power factor correction inductor, a capacitor, and a transformer. The circuit board has a first long side and a second long side parallel to each other. The power factor correction transistor is arranged on the circuit board and is close to the first long side. The bridge rectifier is disposed on the circuit board and close to the second long side. The power factor correction inductor is disposed on the circuit board and has a first long axis. The first long axis is parallel to the first long side. The capacitance and the power factor correction inductance are arranged side by side along the width direction of the circuit board. The capacitor has a second long axis. The first long axis of the power factor correction inductor is parallel to the second long axis of the capacitor. The transformer is arranged on the circuit board and is located beside the power factor correction inductor and capacitor.

In an embodiment of the invention, the distance between the first long axis of the power factor correction inductor and the second long axis of the capacitor is between 20 mm and 23 mm.

In an embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the length of the projection of the power factor correction inductor and the capacitor to the circuit board to the length of the circuit board is between 0.2 and 0.4.

In an embodiment of the invention, the circuit board is divided into a first area, a second area, and a third area in the length direction of the circuit board, and the power factor correction inductance and capacitance are located on the circuit board The second district.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the above power factor correction inductor includes a magnetic core, the magnetic core includes a center pillar and two arm portions located on both sides of the center pillar, and each arm portion has an arc-shaped outer contour.

In an embodiment of the invention, the distance between the center of the center pillar and the outer edge of each arm is between 15 mm and 17 mm.

In an embodiment of the invention, the angle formed by the connecting line between the two ends of each arm and the axis of the center column is between 85° and 90°.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a cross-section of the above-mentioned center pillar has a circular shape with a part cut away, and the area of the cross-section of the center pillar is the same as the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the two arms.

In an embodiment of the invention, the ratio of the width and length of the circumscribed rectangle of the magnetic core is between 0.6 and 0.65.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the transformer and the power factor correction inductor are separated by a first distance, and the transformer and the capacitor are separated by a second distance. The difference between the first distance and the second distance does not exceed 5 mm.

Based on the above, the power supply of the adapter of the present invention has its power factor correction inductor and capacitor side by side along the width direction of the circuit board. In this way, the long side of the circuit board can be shortened to increase the area utilization rate of the circuit board and save the overall volume of the adapter power supply. In addition, the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor of the present invention are disposed beside the first long side and the second long side, respectively. Therefore, the high thermal energy generated by the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor can be dispersedly dissipated from the opposite sides, without the need for additional redundant heat dissipation elements to assist in heat dissipation, and further reduces the overall volume of the adapter power supply.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the embodiments are specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for detailed description as follows.

With the advancement of technology, the volume of portable electronic products is also shrinking, and these portable electronic products usually require the use of an adapter power source to be able to charge. Therefore, as the volume of portable electronic products becomes smaller and smaller, the volume and portability of the adapter power supply are gradually paid attention to. However, the adaptable power of the adapter power supply is closely related to the size of its internal components. If you want to meet the demand for high power at the same time, it is likely that the size of the internal components cannot be reduced, which affects the overall body of the adapter power supply. The following will explain in detail how to change the relative positional relationship and shape between the components, so that the adapter power supply has a smaller volume and a higher power density, so that it has better portability.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adapter power supply according to an embodiment of the invention. Please refer to FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the adapter power supply 100 includes a circuit board 110, a power factor correction (PFC) transistor 120, a bridge rectifier 130, a power factor correction inductor 140, and a capacitor 150和一个开关160。 A transformer 160. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the power factor correction transistor 120, the bridge rectifier 130, the power factor correction inductor 140, the capacitor 150, and the transformer 160 are all disposed on the circuit board 110. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the circuit board 110 has a first long side 112 and a second long side 114 parallel to each other. The position and relative relationship of the above components on the circuit board 110 will be described in detail below.

Generally speaking, power factor correction transistors and bridge rectifiers are components that generate high thermal energy. Therefore, in the conventional adapter power supply, the power factor correction transistor and the bridge rectifier are usually configured together. Because power factor correction transistors and bridge rectifiers generate high heat during operation, heat dissipation structures such as heat dissipation fins are needed to assist heat dissipation. However, the heat dissipation structure will occupy a certain volume, which will make the volume of the conventional adapter power supply impossible to shrink.

In view of this, in this embodiment, the power factor correction transistor 120 is located close to the first long side 112 of the circuit board 110. The bridge rectifier 130 is located close to the second long side 114. Of course, in other embodiments, the positions of the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 in the length direction D1 of the circuit board 110 can be appropriately configured according to actual needs, as long as the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge The rectifier 130 can be disposed on opposite sides of the circuit board 110 (the first long side 112 and the second long side 114). The present invention does not correct the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 at the length of the circuit board 110. The position in direction D1 is restricted.

Moreover, in this embodiment, the first long side 112 and the second long side 114 of the circuit board 110 are respectively provided with two metal heat sinks 190 perpendicular to the circuit board 110 (for example, in the direction of FIG. 1), and these metals dissipate heat The plates 190 are respectively in contact with the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130, wherein the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 are thermally coupled to the corresponding metal heat sink 190. In this way, the thermal energy of the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 can be dissipated through the corresponding metal heat sink 190 to increase the heat dissipation efficiency of the two.

It should be noted that in other embodiments, the heat sink does not have to be perpendicular to the circuit board 110, as long as it is a configuration that can reduce the overall volume occupied by the adapter power supply 100. The invention does not limit the material and arrangement of the heat sink.

In short, in the present embodiment, the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 are separately configured. That is to say, the two components in the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment that generate high thermal energy are separately arranged on opposite sides. Based on this design, there is no need for additional heat dissipation structures with strong heat dissipation capabilities, such as fins. In this embodiment, only the corresponding metal heat sink 190 is needed, that is, the heat energy generated by the power factor correction transistor 120 and the bridge rectifier 130 of this embodiment can be effectively dissipated.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the circuit board 110 divides the circuit board 110 into a first region 117, a second region 118 and a third region 119 in the length direction D1 thereof. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the first area 117, the second area 118, and the third area 119 may not be equally divided in the length direction D1 of the circuit board 110, as long as the three are not too different, for example The length difference does not exceed 10%. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 are located in the second region 118 of the circuit board 110. The position of the power factor correction inductor 140 is close to the first long side 112, and the capacitor 150 and the power factor correction inductor 140 are arranged side by side on the circuit board 110 along the width direction D2 of the circuit board 110. Of course, in another embodiment not shown, the position of the capacitor 150 can also be close to the first long side 112, and the capacitor 150 and the power factor correction inductor 140 are also arranged side by side along the width direction D2 of the circuit board 110 On the circuit board 110. In short, the positions of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 in the width direction D2 can be reversed, and the invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the ratio of the length L150 occupied by the projection of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 on the circuit board 110 to the length L110 of the circuit board 110 in this embodiment is between 0.2 and 0.4. In this way, the length L110 of the circuit board 110 can be greatly reduced to reduce the overall volume of the adapter power supply 100.

Further, in this embodiment, the power factor correction inductor 140 also has a first long axis 142. The capacitor 150 also has a second long axis 152. Moreover, the first long axis 142 of the power factor correction inductor 140 is parallel to the first long side 112, and the second long axis 152 of the capacitor 150 is parallel to the first long axis 142 of the power factor correction inductor 140. In detail, the distance d3 between the first long axis 142 of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the second long axis 152 of the capacitor 150 is between 20 mm and 23 mm. That is to say, the distance d3 in the width direction D2 between the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 in this embodiment should not be too far, so as not to increase the width W110 of the circuit board 110. In other words, the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 of this embodiment are parallel to the first long axis 142 and the second long axis 152 in the width direction D2 and are arranged side by side, and the distance between the two is similar. In this way, the area utilization of the circuit board 110 of this embodiment can be improved.

In addition, in this embodiment, the adapter power supply 100 further includes an input plug 170 and an output terminal 180, wherein the input plug 170 is configured in the first area 117 of the circuit board 110 and the output terminal 180 is configured in the third area of the circuit board 110 119. Of course, in other embodiments not shown, the actual positions of the input plug 170 and the output terminal 180 do not necessarily have to be arranged as shown in FIG. 1, and the present invention also does not take the form of the input plug 170 and the output terminal 180 into consideration. Be restricted.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the transformer 160 is disposed in the third area 119 of the circuit board 110 and is located beside the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150. In detail, as shown in FIG. 1, the center of symmetry 160 a of the transformer 160 of this embodiment is separated from the center of symmetry 140 a of the power factor correction inductor 140 by a first distance d1. The center of symmetry 160a of the transformer 160 and the center of symmetry 150a of the capacitor 150 are separated by a second distance d2. Moreover, the difference between the first distance d1 and the second distance d2 does not exceed 5 mm. In short, the transformer 160 of this embodiment is disposed in the third area 119 on the circuit board 110 and is adjacent to the positions of the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150. Moreover, the first distance d1 of the transformer 160 and the power factor correction inductor 140 and the second distance d2 of the transformer 160 and the capacitor 150 are approximately the same. As such, such a configuration can make the arrangement between the transformer 160, the power factor correction inductor 140 and the capacitor 150 close, and can increase the area utilization of the circuit board 110.

It is worth mentioning that, in general, the inductance belongs to an electromagnetic induction element, and its inductance is related to the size and type of the magnetic conductor (magnetic core 144 in FIG. 2 ). Moreover, the inductance value is proportional to the magnetic permeability of the magnetic permeable member, the square of the number of turns of the coil winding, and the equivalent magnetic circuit cross-sectional area, and is inversely proportional to the equivalent magnetic circuit length. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the magnetic conductive member is, for example, the magnetic core 144 (FIG. 2 ), but the invention does not limit the types and materials of the magnetic conductive member. Based on the above premise, in this embodiment, how to increase the equivalent magnetic circuit cross-sectional area and reduce the equivalent magnetic circuit length by changing the shape of the magnetic core 144 without occupying too much area of the circuit board 110 Therefore, the power factor correction inductor 140 of this embodiment can use better space utilization.

2 is a schematic diagram of disassembly and assembly of the power factor correction inductor of the adapter power supply of FIG. 1. 3 is a schematic top view of the magnetic core of the power factor correction inductor of FIG. 2. Please refer to FIGS. 2 and 3. In this embodiment, the power factor correction inductor 140 includes two magnetic cores 144 and a bracket 146 for winding a coil (not shown). The bracket 146 is assembled between the two magnetic cores 144. Each magnetic core 144 includes a center pillar 1441 and two arm portions 1443 located on both sides of the center pillar 1441. Each arm portion 1443 has an arc-shaped outer contour. When the two magnetic cores 144 are combined together, the coil is adapted to be located in the space between the two arm portions 1443 and the center pillar 1441. The area A1 of a transverse section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is the same as the total cross-sectional area A2 of the two arm portions 1443. In addition, the distance d4 between the center of the center pillar 1441 and the outer edge of each arm portion 1443 is between 15 mm and 17 mm.

Compared with the conventional magnetic core shape which is close to a long rectangle and has a larger length, the magnetic core 144 of this embodiment reduces the distance between the two arm portions 1443, and by tilting the two arm portions 1443 up and down Extend to resemble two opposite arc shapes, so that the two arm portions 1443 still have sufficient area, that is, even if the shape changes, the total cross-sectional area A2 can still be the same or close to the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 of the magnetic core 144 The area A1. After practical implementation, when the angle θ formed by the connection line between the two ends of each arm 1443 of the magnetic core 144 and the axis of the center pillar 1441 is between 85° and 90°, the magnetic core 144 can still work in the width direction The smaller size is maintained, and the total cross-sectional area A2 can also be the same or close to the area A1 of the cross-section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 of the magnetic core 144.

In addition, compared with the conventional magnetic core presenting a long and narrow rectangle, in this embodiment, due to the reduction of the distance between the two arm portions 1443 of the magnetic core 144, the width W144 of the externally-cut rectangle of the magnetic core 144 and The ratio of the length L144 is between 0.6 and 0.65. Based on this design, the length L144 of the circumscribed rectangle of the magnetic core 144 of this embodiment is shorter than the length of the conventional magnetic core, so that the ratio of the width W144 to the length L144 is larger. Therefore, the power factor correction inductor 140 of this embodiment significantly reduces the length of the occupied circuit board 110. In this way, the size of the circuit board 110 in the length direction can be effectively reduced.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 has a shape in which a part of a circle is cut off. In detail, the reason why the center pillar 1441 of this embodiment is in the shape of a circular truncated part is because in this embodiment, the magnetic flux of the magnetic core 144 depends on the area A1 of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 And the smaller of the total cross-sectional area of the two arm portions 1443, which is A2. In short, if the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 of this embodiment is a complete circle (not shown), its area A1 will be greater than the total cross-sectional area A2 of the two arm portions 1443, however, the magnetic flux will still depend The cross-sectional area of the two arm portions 1443 is only A2. Therefore, in this embodiment, a part of the circle of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is cut off to avoid taking up extra space and wasting material.

Of course, in other embodiments not shown, as long as the area of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is designed to be close to the total cross-sectional area A2 of the two arm portions 1443, the shape of the cross section 1441a of the center pillar 1441 is not Limited to this. In addition, even if a part of the cross section 1441 a of the center pillar 1441 is not cut off, it does not affect the magnetic flux of the magnetic core 144. Therefore, the present invention does not limit this.

It is worth mentioning that, for example, the size of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment is approximately: length 140.1 mm, width 65.1 mm, and thickness 25.4 mm. The size of the old adapter power supply is approximately: length 151.3 mm, width 75.6 mm, thickness 25.4 mm. Therefore, in the case where the thickness of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment is the same as that of the old adapter power supply, the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment is reduced by about 20% in volume. Moreover, if the power of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment and the old adapter power supply are both 180 W, the power density of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment is about 12.7 (W/m ³ ). The power density is 10.15 (W/m ³ ). In short, the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment improves the power density by about 25% compared to the old adapter power supply.

In addition, it should be noted that in other embodiments, the detailed size of the adapter power supply 100 of this embodiment may have slight errors, and the power and power density of the adapter power supply 100 described above are only examples, and the details of the adapter power supply 100 are not described in the present invention. Size, power and power density are limited.

In summary, the adapter power supply of the present invention has its power factor correction inductance and capacitance side by side along the width direction of the circuit board. In this way, the long side of the circuit board can be shortened to save the overall volume of the adapter power supply. In addition, the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor of the present invention are disposed beside the first long side and the second long side, respectively. Therefore, the high thermal energy generated by the bridge rectifier and the power factor correction inductor can be dispersedly dissipated from the opposite sides, without the need for additional redundant heat dissipation elements to assist in heat dissipation, and further reduces the overall volume of the adapter power supply.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with examples, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined in the appended patent application.

100‧‧‧Adapter power supply 110‧‧‧ circuit board 112‧‧‧First Long Side 114‧‧‧Second Long Side 117‧‧‧ District 1 118‧‧‧ Second District 119‧‧‧ Third District 120‧‧‧Power factor correction transistor 130‧‧‧Bridge rectifier 140‧‧‧Power factor correction inductance 142‧‧‧First long axis 144‧‧‧ magnetic core 1441‧‧‧Central column 1441a‧‧‧cross section 1443‧‧‧arm 146‧‧‧Bracket 150‧‧‧Capacitance 152‧‧‧Second long axis 160‧‧‧Transformer 170‧‧‧Input plug 180‧‧‧Output 190‧‧‧Metal heat sink 140a, 150a, 160a ‧‧‧ center of symmetry L110, L144, L150 ‧‧‧ length W110, W144‧‧‧Width D1‧‧‧ length direction D2‧‧‧Width direction d1‧‧‧ First distance d2‧‧‧Second distance d3, d4‧‧‧Distance θ‧‧‧ included angle A1‧‧‧Area A2‧‧‧ Cross-sectional area

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an adapter power supply according to an embodiment of the invention. 2 is a schematic diagram of disassembly and assembly of the power factor correction inductor of the adapter power supply of FIG. 1. 3 is a schematic top view of the magnetic core of the power factor correction inductor of FIG. 2.

100‧‧‧Adapter power supply

110‧‧‧ circuit board

112‧‧‧First Long Side

114‧‧‧Second Long Side

117‧‧‧ District 1

118‧‧‧ Second District

119‧‧‧ Third District

120‧‧‧Power factor correction transistor

130‧‧‧Bridge rectifier

140‧‧‧Power factor correction inductance

142‧‧‧First long axis

150‧‧‧Capacitance

152‧‧‧Second long axis

160‧‧‧Transformer

170‧‧‧Input plug

180‧‧‧Output

190‧‧‧Metal heat sink

140a, 150a, 160a ‧‧‧ center of symmetry

L110, L150‧‧‧ length

W110‧‧‧Width

D1‧‧‧ length direction

D2‧‧‧Width direction

d1‧‧‧ First distance

d2‧‧‧Second distance

d3‧‧‧Distance

Claims (9)

An adapter power supply includes: a circuit board having a first long side and a second long side parallel to each other; and a power factor correction (PFC) transistor, which is arranged on the circuit board and close to the first A long side; a bridge rectifier arranged on the circuit board and close to the second long side; a power factor correction inductor arranged on the circuit board and having a first long axis, wherein the first long axis is parallel On the first long side; a capacitor and the power factor correction inductor are arranged side by side on the circuit board along the width direction of the circuit board, the capacitor has a second long axis, wherein the power factor correction inductor of the The first long axis is parallel to the second long axis of the capacitor, the circuit board is divided into a first area, a second area and a third area equally divided in the length direction of the circuit board, and the power factor correction The inductor and the capacitor are located in the second area of the circuit board; and a transformer is disposed on the circuit board and is located next to the power factor correction inductor and the capacitor, wherein the transformer and the power factor correction inductor are separated by a first The distance between the transformer and the capacitor is a second distance, and the difference between the first distance and the second distance does not exceed 5 mm. The adapter power supply as claimed in item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the distance between the first long axis of the power factor correction inductor and the second long axis of the capacitor is between 20 mm and 23 mm. The adapter power supply as described in item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the ratio of the length of the projection of the power factor correction inductor and the capacitor to the circuit board to the length of the circuit board is between 0.2 and 0.4. The adapter power supply as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes an input plug located in the first area of the circuit board, and the transformer is located in the third area of the circuit board. The adapter power supply as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the power factor correction inductor includes a magnetic core, the magnetic core includes a center pillar and two arm portions on both sides of the center pillar, each arm portion has an arc shape outline. The adapter power supply as described in item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the distance between the center of the center pillar and the outer edge of each arm is between 15 mm and 17 mm. The adapter power supply as described in item 5 of the patent application range, wherein the angle formed by the connecting line between the two ends of each arm and the axis of the center pillar is between 85° and 90°. The adapter power supply as described in item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein a cross section of the center pillar presents a shape of a circular truncated part, and the area of the cross section of the center pillar is the same as the cross section of the two arm portions The total area. The adapter power supply as described in item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the ratio of the width and length of the circumscribed rectangle of the magnetic core is between 0.6 and 0.65.

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