TW202027890A - Friction stir welding device and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A friction stir welding device is provided. The friction stir welding device includes a main body and a stirring portion. A top surface of the main body has a first thread structure. The stirring portion is connected to the top surface of the main body, and the surface of the stirring portion has a second thread structure, wherein the first thread structure is a right-handed thread, and the second thread structure is a right-handed thread. In addition, a friction stir welding method is also provided.

Description

Friction stir welding device and method

The invention relates to a friction stir welding device and method.

Welding, or welding, welding, is a process and technology for joining metals or other thermoplastics by heating or pressing. Welding can achieve the purpose of joining through the following three ways: heating the workpiece to be joined to partially melt it to form a molten pool, and the molten pool will be joined after cooling and solidification. If necessary, a filler can be added to assist; heating the solder with a lower melting point separately, no need Melt the workpiece itself, connect the workpiece by the capillary action of the solder (such as soldering, brazing); at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the workpiece, supplemented by high pressure, superimposed extrusion or vibration, etc., the two workpieces are mutually infiltrated and joined ( Such as forging welding, solid welding).

In the prior art, friction stir welding has been developed. It uses mechanical rotational friction to generate heat. The heat generated by mechanical rotational friction is used as the heat source at the joint surface of two workpieces. The friction stir welding device moves slowly and continuously rotates the friction stir to make the two The method in which the workpiece undergoes plastic deformation under pressure and is welded.

However, in the above-mentioned friction stir welding method, the friction stir welding device will be moved obliquely, that is, the friction stir welding device is not perpendicular to the joint surface of the two workpieces, so as to avoid the friction stir welding device during the moving process of the material. waste. However, this has caused difficulty in the migration process of the friction stir welding device, and it is impossible to completely avoid the loss of materials. As a result, the friction stir welding device needs to move back and forth in the welding defect area many times to stir it evenly. There are many processes and time-consuming. Longer.

Therefore, how to improve and provide a "friction stir welding device and method" to avoid the above-mentioned problems is a problem to be solved in the industry.

The invention provides a friction stir welding device and a method thereof, which can effectively reduce the waste of joining material caused by rotational friction, make the welding area flat and improve the welding efficiency.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a friction stir welding device for joining two processed parts. The friction stir welding device includes a body and a stirring head. The top surface of the body has a first thread structure. The stirring head is connected to the top surface of the body, and the surface of the stirring head has a second thread structure, wherein the first thread structure is a right-hand thread and the second thread structure is a right-hand thread.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a friction stir welding device for joining two processed parts. The friction stir welding device includes a body and a stirring head. The periphery of the top surface of the body has a flange structure and a notch. The stirring head is connected to the top surface of the main body. The surface of the stirring head has a thread structure, and the thread structure is a right-hand thread.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a friction stir welding method, including the following steps: providing two processed parts, butting the two processed parts to form a joint surface; providing a friction stir welding device, wherein the friction stir welding device includes a body and a stirrer The top surface of the body has a first thread structure, the surface of the stirring head has a second thread structure, the spiral direction of the first thread structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the body, and the spiral direction of the second thread structure is The rotation direction of the main body is opposite; the friction stir welding device is rotated and moved along the joint surface of the two processing parts. The stirring head rotates and rubs between the joint surfaces of the two processing parts, and the two ends of the processing parts are generated by frictional heat A bonding material is used to connect the two processed parts through the bonding material; and the bonding material is collected through the first thread structure and the second thread structure.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a friction stir welding method, including the following steps: providing two processed parts, butting the two processed parts to form a joint surface; providing a friction stir welding device, wherein the friction stir welding device includes a body and a The stirring head has a flange structure and a notch on the periphery of the top surface of the main body. The surface of the stirring head has a thread structure. The spiral direction of the thread structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the main body. The friction stir welding device is rotated along Move between the joining surfaces of the two processing parts, the stirring head rotates and rubs between the joining surfaces of the two processing parts, and causes the two ends of the two processing parts to generate a bonding material due to frictional heat, and through the bonding material to join the two processing parts; and Thread structure and flange structure to collect joint material.

Based on the above, in the friction stir welding device and method of the present invention, the stirring head rotates and rubs on the joint surface of the two processing parts, and the joint surface of the two processing parts generates a bonding material due to frictional heat. To join two processed parts, the joint material can be collected through the thread structure (such as the first thread structure and the second thread structure) and/or the flange structure, which reduces the waste of the joint material caused by rotational friction and makes the welding area Flatten and improve welding efficiency and reduce joining time.

In order to make the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specific examples are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to describe in detail as follows.

The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the friction stir welding device of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the friction stir welding device of Fig. 1. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2. In this embodiment, the friction stir welding device 10 includes a body 11 and a stirring head 12. The top surface 112 of the body 11 has a first thread structure 114, and the first thread structure 114 is a thread structure, the first thread structure 114 is a right-hand thread, and the spiral direction of the first thread structure 114 The direction of rotation of the main body 11 is opposite. In addition, the body 11 may include a connecting portion 113 for being clamped and connected by a driving device, and the driving device may be used to drive the body 11 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the stirring head 12 is connected to the top surface 112 of the main body 11. The mixing head 12 is made of steel, such as tungsten steel, SKD61 tool steel, and H13 mold steel. The top 124 of the stirring head 12 is rounded, or it can be a flat surface, concave or concave, or even convex or convex, and the stirring head 12 has an axial length L, and the range of the axial length L is that of the workpiece Between 1 and 1.5 times the thickness. The surface of the stirring head 12 has a second thread structure 122, and the second thread structure 122 is a thread structure, the second thread structure 122 is a right-hand thread, and the spiral direction of the second thread structure 122 is the same as The rotation direction of the main body 11 is opposite. Taking FIG. 1 as an example, the second thread structure 122 of the mixing head 12 has a helix angle B, and the helix angle B ranges from 10 degrees to 30 degrees. On the other hand, the surface of the stirring head 12 is a conical surface. Taking FIG. 1 as an example, the angle A of the included angle of the conical surface ranges from 20 degrees to 40 degrees.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the friction stir welding method of the present invention. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application example of the friction stir welding method of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4. The friction stir welding method S10 of this embodiment can be used in the friction stir welding device 10 as shown in FIG. 1. The friction stir welding method S10 includes the following steps S11 to S14. Firstly, step S11 is performed to provide two processed parts 32 and 34, and the two processed parts 32 and 34 are clamped and connected to form a bonding surface 36. The material of the processed parts 32 and 34 here can be aluminum or copper.

Next, proceed to step S12 to provide a friction stir welding device 10, wherein the friction stir welding device 10 includes a body 11 and a stirring head 12. The top surface 112 of the main body 11 has a first screw structure 114, and the spiral direction of the first screw structure 114 is opposite to the rotation direction R of the main body 11. The surface of the mixing head 12 has a second thread structure 122, and the spiral direction of the second thread structure 122 is opposite to the rotation direction R of the main body 11.

Proceed to step S13, the friction stir welding device 10 is rotated and moved along the joint surface 36 of the two processing parts 32, 34, the stirring head 12 rotates and rubs between the joint surface 36 of the two processing parts 32, 34, and causes the processing part 32 The frictional heat at the two ends of 34 produces joint material. The friction stir welding device 10 is preferably a cylinder to facilitate uniform friction stirring. The friction stir welding device 10 can act on the two processing parts 32, 34 in a rotating manner. On the bonding surface 36, the two processed parts 32 and 34 generate frictional heat in the bonding surface 36, and the materials of the two processed parts 32, 34 are softened (plastically deformed) through the frictional heat to form a semi-solid plastic flow layer junction material. The two processed parts 32 and 34 are joined through the joining material. In particular, taking FIG. 4 as an example, the stirring head 12 of the friction stir welding device 10 and the joining surface 36 of the two processing parts 32 and 34 are perpendicular, and the stirring head 12 has an axial length L and a range of the axial length L It is between 1 and 1.5 times the thickness of the two processed parts 32 and 34. In addition, in one embodiment, the rotational speed of the friction stir welding device is 800 to 1500 revolutions per minute, and the friction stir welding device 10 moves along the tangential direction of the joining surface 36 of the two processed parts 32 and 34 to form a welding area. , And the speed of moving feed is 100 to 175 mm/min.

Step S14 is performed to collect the bonding material through the first screw structure 114 and the second screw structure 122. In this step S14, since the first screw structure 114 is a right-handed screw and the second screw structure 122 is a right-handed screw, the spiral direction of the first screw structure 114 is opposite to the rotation direction R of the main body 11. The spiral direction of the two thread structure 122 is opposite to the rotation direction R of the main body 11, so the aforementioned bonding material can be gathered in the thread structure (groove) of the first thread structure 114, reducing the amount of bonding material generated by rotational friction. Waste, flatten the welding area, improve welding efficiency and reduce joining time. Finally, the stirring head 12 is taken out, and the welding area in the joint surface 36 is cooled. In this embodiment, natural cooling is used to cool the welding area in the joining surface 36 so that the two processed parts 32 and 34 are joined to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, water cooling, air cooling, etc. may be used to cool the welding area in the bonding surface 36.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the friction stir welding device of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 5. The friction stir welding device 20 of FIG. 5 includes a body 21 and a stirring head 22. The periphery of the top surface 212 of the main body 21 has a flange structure 23 and a gap 24. The flange structure 23 protrudes from the top surface 212, and the height of the flange structure 23 is not higher than the height of the mixing head 23. In addition, the notch 24 is formed by slotting the flange structure 23, and the arc length C of the notch 24 is between 1/3 to 2/3 times the diameter D of the top surface 212 of the body 21. It can be seen that the top surface 212 of the main body 21 of the friction stir welding device 20 of FIG. 5 does not have the first thread structure as shown in FIG. 1.

In this embodiment, the stirring head 22 is connected to the top surface 212 of the main body 21. The stirring head 22 is similar to the stirring head 12 in FIG. 1, which can be referred to the stirring head 12 in FIG. 1 and will not be repeated. The top 224 of the stirring head 22 has a rounded corner, or a flat surface, a concave surface or a concave corner, or even a convex surface or a convex corner, and the surface of the stirring head 22 has a thread structure 222, and the thread structure 222 is a thread Structure, the thread structure 222 is a right-handed thread, and the spiral direction of the thread structure 222 is opposite to the rotation direction R of the main body 21. The thread structure 222 of the stirring head 12 has a spiral angle, and the spiral angle ranges from 10 degrees to 30 degrees.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of another embodiment of the friction stir welding method of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another application example of the friction stir welding method of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7. The friction stir welding method S20 of this embodiment can be used in the friction stir welding device 20 as shown in FIG. 5. The friction stir welding method S20 includes the following steps S21 to S24. Firstly, step S21 is performed to provide two processed parts 32 and 34, and the two processed parts 32 and 34 are clamped and connected to form a bonding surface 36. The material of the processed parts 32 and 34 here can be aluminum or copper.

Next, proceed to step S22 to provide a friction stir welding device 20 (as shown in FIG. 5 ), wherein the friction stir welding device 20 includes a body 21 and a stirring head 22. The periphery of the top surface 212 of the main body 21 has a flange structure 23 and a notch 24. The surface of the stirring head 22 has a thread structure 222 which is a right-handed thread, and the spiral direction of the thread structure 222 is opposite to the rotation direction R of the main body 21.

In step S23, the friction stir welding device 20 is rotated and moved along the joint surface 36 of the two processing parts 32 and 34. The stirring head 22 rotates and rubs between the joint surface 36 of the two processing parts 32 and 34, and causes the processing part 32 The two ends of 34 generate joint material due to frictional heat. The friction stir welding device 20 is preferably a cylinder to facilitate uniform friction stirring. The friction stir welding device 20 can act on the two workpieces 32, 34 in a rotating manner. On the bonding surface 36, the two processed parts 32 and 34 generate frictional heat in the bonding surface 36, and the materials of the two processed parts 32, 34 are softened (plastically deformed) through the frictional heat to form a semi-solid plastic flow layer junction material. The two processed parts 32 and 34 are joined through the joining material. In particular, taking FIG. 7 as an example, the stirring head 22 of the friction stir welding device 20 and the joining surface 36 of the two processing parts 32 and 34 are perpendicular. In addition, in one embodiment, the rotational speed of the friction stir welding device 20 is 800 to 1500 revolutions per minute, and the friction stir welding device 20 is moved along the tangential direction of the joining surface 36 of the two workpieces 32 and 34 to form welding Zone, and the speed of the moving feed is 100 to 175 mm/min.

Step S24 is performed to collect the bonding material through the thread structure 222 and the flange structure 23. In this step S24, since the thread structure 222 is a right-handed thread, and the spiral direction of the thread structure 222 is opposite to the rotation direction R of the main body 21, the aforementioned bonding material can be gathered in the flange structure 23 to reduce The waste of joining material due to rotational friction makes the welding area flat, improves welding efficiency and reduces joining time. Finally, the stirring head 22 is taken out, and the welding area in the joint surface 36 is cooled. In this embodiment, natural cooling is used to cool the welding area in the joining surface 36 so that the two processed parts 32 and 34 are joined to each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, water cooling, air cooling, etc. may be used to cool the welding area in the bonding surface 36.

In summary, in the friction stir welding device and method of the present invention, the stirring head rotates and rubs on the joint surface of the two processed parts, and the joint surface of the two processed parts generates a bonding material due to frictional heat. The material is used to join the two processed parts, and the joint material can be collected through the thread structure (such as the first thread structure and the second thread structure) and/or the flange structure, so as to reduce the waste of the joint material caused by rotational friction. The welding area is flat and the welding efficiency is improved, and the joining time is reduced. In addition, for aluminum and copper processed parts, the friction stir welding device and method of the present invention can meet the performance requirements of high joint strength.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field can make slight changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to those defined by the attached patent scope.

10.20: Friction stir welding device 11, 21: body 112, 212: top surface 113: Connection 114: The first thread structure 12, 22: mixing head 122: The second thread structure 124, 224: top 222: Thread structure 23: Flange structure 24: gap 32, 34: Machining parts 36: Joint surface A: Angle B: Helix angle C: arc length D: diameter L: axial length R: rotation direction S10, S20: Friction stir welding method S11~S14: steps S21~S24: steps

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the friction stir welding device of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the friction stir welding device of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the friction stir welding method of the present invention. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application example of the friction stir welding method of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the friction stir welding device of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a flowchart of another embodiment of the friction stir welding method of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another application example of the friction stir welding method of the present invention.

10: Friction stir welding device

11: body

112: top surface

113: Connection

114: The first thread structure

12: Mixing head

122: The second thread structure

124: top

A: Angle

B: Helix angle

L: axial length

Claims (17)

A friction stir welding device is used to join two processed parts, the friction stir welding device includes: A body with a first thread structure on its top surface; and A stirring head is connected to the top surface of the main body. The surface of the stirring head has a second thread structure, wherein the first thread structure is a right-hand thread and the second thread structure is a right-hand thread tooth. The friction stir welding device described in the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the spiral direction of the first thread structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the body, and the spiral direction of the second thread structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the body, The second thread structure of the stirring head has a spiral angle, and the spiral angle ranges from 10 degrees to 30 degrees; the main body rotates and moves on a joint surface of the two processing parts, so that the stirring The head rotates and rubs on the joint surface of the two processed parts to generate a joining material to join the two processed parts. A friction stir welding method includes the following steps: Provide two processed parts, which are clamped and connected to form a joint surface; A friction stir welding device is provided, wherein the friction stir welding device includes a body and a stirring head, the top surface of the body has a first thread structure, the surface of the stirring head has a second thread structure, and the first The spiral direction of the screw structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the main body, and the spiral direction of the second screw structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the main body; Rotate the friction stir welding device and move along the joint surface of the two processing parts, the stirring head rotates and rubs between the joint surfaces of the two processing parts, and causes the two ends of the two processing parts to be Generating a bonding material through which the two processed parts are bonded; and The bonding material is collected through the first screw structure and the second screw structure. A friction stir welding device is used to join two processed parts, the friction stir welding device includes: A body with a flange structure and a notch on the periphery of the top surface; and A stirring head is connected to the top surface of the body. The surface of the stirring head has a thread structure, wherein the thread structure is a right-hand thread. In the friction stir welding device described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, the height of the flange structure is not higher than the height of the stirring head. The friction stir welding device described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the arc length of the notch is between 1/3 to 2/3 times the diameter of the top surface of the body. The friction stir welding device described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the spiral direction of the thread structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the main body; the main body rotates and moves on the joint surface of the two processing parts, so that the The stirring head rotates and rubs on the joint surface of the two processing parts to generate a joining material to join the two processing parts. The friction stir welding device described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the thread structure of the stirring head has a spiral angle, and the spiral angle ranges from 10 degrees to 30 degrees. Such as the friction stir welding device described in item 1 or item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the stirring head is made of steel. Such as the friction stir welding device described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the steel material is tungsten steel, SKD61 tool steel or H13 mold steel. For the friction stir welding device described in item 1 or item 4 of the scope of patent application, the surface of the stirring head is a cone, and the angle of the cone is in the range of 20 degrees to 40 degrees. The friction stir welding device described in item 1 or item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the stirring head has an axial length, and the range of the axial length is between 1 to 1.5 times the thickness of the workpiece . A friction stir welding method includes the following steps: Provide two processed parts, which are clamped and connected to form a joint surface; A friction stir welding device is provided, wherein the friction stir welding device includes a body and a stirring head, the top surface of the body has a flange structure and a notch on the periphery, the surface of the stirring head has a thread structure, and the screw The spiral direction of the tooth structure is opposite to the rotation direction of the body; Rotate the friction stir welding device and move along the joint surface of the two processing parts, the stirring head rotates and rubs between the joint surfaces of the two processing parts, and causes the two ends of the two processing parts to be Generating a bonding material through which the two processed parts are bonded; and The joint material is collected through the screw structure and the flange structure. The friction stir welding method described in item 13 of the scope of patent application, wherein the arc length of the notch is between 1/3 to 2/3 times the diameter of the top surface of the body. According to the friction stir welding method described in item 3 or 13 of the scope of patent application, the step of rotating the friction stir welding device and moving along the joint surface of the two workpieces includes the following steps: The stirring head of the friction stir welding device is perpendicular to the joint surface of the two processed parts. Such as the friction stir welding method described in item 3 or 13 of the scope of patent application, wherein the rotation speed of the friction stir welding device is 800 to 1500 revolutions per minute. As for the friction stir welding method described in item 3 or 13 of the scope of patent application, the feed movement speed of the friction stir welding device along the joint surface of the two workpieces is 100 to 175 mm/min.

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