CN116213993A - Heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure and method - Google Patents
Heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116213993A CN116213993A CN202310016785.0A CN202310016785A CN116213993A CN 116213993 A CN116213993 A CN 116213993A CN 202310016785 A CN202310016785 A CN 202310016785A CN 116213993 A CN116213993 A CN 116213993A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010066054 Dysmorphism Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000353345 Odontesthes regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum/steel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The disclosure provides a heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure and a method, which belong to the technical field of material forming and comprise a first workpiece and a second workpiece, wherein a boss-shaped groove is formed in the axis of a pre-machining end face of the first workpiece, and a boss is arranged in the axis of the pre-machining end face of the second workpiece. The method and the device have the advantages that the characteristics of plastic deformation and flow of materials in the process of dissimilar metal rotary friction welding are utilized, the effective connection of dissimilar metals is realized, and meanwhile, the gap of the material on the other side is filled by utilizing the fluidity of the material with relatively low yield strength, so that the integrated forming of the dissimilar metals and the special-shaped structure is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of material forming, in particular to a heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure and method.
Background
The rotary friction welding is a solid-phase welding mode which uses friction heat as a heat source, and applies friction pressure during welding to enable welding materials to reach a plastic state and generate plastic deformation and flow, so that effective connection of the materials is realized. Compared with the traditional fusion welding, the material is not fused in the rotary friction welding process, so that the formation of welding defects in the material solidification process is avoided, and meanwhile, the welding flash formed by the flowing of the material has a certain self-cleaning effect on impurities such as an oxide layer of a welding joint. Therefore, the rotary friction welding can realize high-quality connection of the same or different material rotary structures, and has wide application in the fields of aerospace, petrochemical industry and the like.
The rotary friction welding structure of the dissimilar metal revolving body joint can realize high-quality connection of materials, and simultaneously can fully exert the advantages of two materials. At present, the connection of dissimilar metals such as aluminum/steel, aluminum/copper, titanium/steel and the like has been widely studied and applied. However, for the rotary friction welding of dissimilar materials, flash is generated during welding due to the difference of material performances, secondary processing is needed for the welded joint after welding, and the flash is cut off, so that the waste of materials and the improvement of processing cost are caused, and particularly, for noble metals such as copper, silver and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure and method, which can realize integrated forming of a complex structure while ensuring effective connection of heterogeneous metals, avoid waste of noble metal materials and reduce processing cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure, including a first workpiece and a second workpiece, a boss-shaped groove is formed at a position of a pre-machined end surface axis of the first workpiece, and a boss is disposed at a position of a pre-machined end surface axis of the second workpiece.
Further, the surface roughness of the boss-like grooves is less than 1 μm.
Further, the boss-shaped groove comprises a first groove and a second groove, and the second groove is formed in the bottom of the first groove.
Further, the first groove and the second groove are both circular grooves, the cross-sectional diameter of the second groove is smaller than that of the first groove, and the axes of the first groove and the second groove coincide with the axis of the first workpiece.
Further, a chamfer is formed on the peripheral side of the bottom surface of the first groove.
Further, the cross-sectional diameter of the second workpiece is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the first groove, and the cross-sectional diameter of the boss is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the second groove.
Further, the yield strength of the first workpiece is greater than the yield strength of the second workpiece.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding method, using a heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure as described above, comprising the steps of:
and 4, starting the welding machine, and starting welding when the welding machine reaches a preset rotating speed. The friction pressure is controlled, so that the second workpiece deforms by a certain amount, and gaps in the boss-shaped grooves on the first workpiece are filled under the action of the pressure, so that the integrated molding of dissimilar metals is realized.
Further, the second workpiece is disposed on a rotating side of the rotary friction welding machine, and the first workpiece is disposed on a feed side of the rotary friction welding machine.
Further, the welding parameters of the welding machine are specifically as follows: the initial rotating speed is 400-3000rpm, the friction pressure is 10-300MPa, and the welding time is 1-10s; the upsetting pressure is 20-400MPa; the moment of inertia is 0-2 kg.m 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present disclosure are:
1. according to the method, the boss-shaped groove is formed in the axis of the pre-machining end face of the first workpiece, the boss is arranged in the axis of the pre-machining end face of the second workpiece, and flash is effectively avoided during welding, so that waste of secondary machining on noble metal materials is avoided, and machining cost is reduced.
2. The method utilizes the characteristics of plastic deformation and flow of materials in the process of dissimilar metal rotary friction welding, and realizes the effective connection of dissimilar metals (the sealing performance of a welded joint reaches more than 50atm and the tensile strength reaches more than 3 KN), and simultaneously fills the gap of the material on the other side by utilizing the flowability of the material with relatively low yield strength, thereby realizing the integrated forming of dissimilar metals and special-shaped structures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a first work piece and second work piece connection configuration;
FIG. 2 is a first workpiece block diagram in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a second workpiece configuration in an embodiment of the disclosure;
1, a first workpiece; 2. a second workpiece; 3. a first groove; 4. a second groove; 5. chamfering; 6. a boss.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure includes a first workpiece 1 and a second workpiece 2, where the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 are in a tubular structure or a rod-shaped structure, a boss-shaped groove is formed at a pre-machined end surface axis of the first workpiece 1 by machining, and a surface roughness of the boss-shaped groove is less than 1 μm, and a boss 6 is machined at the pre-machined end surface axis of the second workpiece 2.
Specifically, the boss-shaped groove comprises a first groove 3 and a second groove 4, the second groove 4 is formed in the bottom of the first groove 3, the first groove 3 and the second groove 4 are round grooves, the cross-sectional diameter of the second groove 4 is smaller than that of the first groove 3, the axes of the first groove 3 and the second groove 4 coincide with the axis of the first workpiece 1, and a chamfer 5 is formed in the peripheral side of the bottom surface of the first groove 3, so that the first workpiece and the second workpiece can be matched conveniently.
In this embodiment, the first workpiece 1 is of a tubular structure, as shown in fig. 2, an inner diameter of the first workpiece 1 is 7.8mm, an outer diameter of the first workpiece 1 is 13mm, a boss-shaped groove is formed at one end of the first workpiece 1, the first groove 3 is formed on an end face of the first workpiece 1, a cross-sectional diameter of the first groove is 6mm, the second groove 4 is formed on a bottom face of the first groove 3, a cross-sectional diameter of the second groove is 4mm, and a chamfer 5 with a diameter of 0.5mm is disposed on a peripheral side of the bottom face of the first groove 3.
The cross-sectional diameter of the second workpiece 2 is the same as that of the first groove 3, and the cross-sectional diameter of the boss 6 is the same as that of the second groove 4, in this embodiment, the second workpiece 2 is in a rod-shaped structure, as shown in fig. 3, the cross-sectional diameter is 6mm, the length is 40mm, the boss 6 is disposed on an end face of one end of the second workpiece 2, and the cross-sectional diameter of the boss 6 is 4mm, and the length is 2.8mm.
The first workpiece 1 is made of metal with higher yield strength and difficult deformation, such as steel, titanium alloy and the like, and the second workpiece 2 is made of metal with lower yield strength and easy deformation, such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like.
In this embodiment, the first workpiece 1 adopts red copper with higher yield strength, the yield strength is 70-90MPa, and the second workpiece 2 adopts pure silver with relatively lower yield strength, and the yield strength is 30-40MPa. Compared with pure silver, the red copper has higher yield strength, is not easy to deform in the welding process, and has lower yield strength, and is easy to deform and flow in the welding process so as to fill the die.
During welding, as shown in fig. 1, the second workpiece 2 is inserted into the first groove 3 of the first workpiece 1, and at this time, the boss 6 at the end of the second workpiece 2 is inserted into the second groove 4 of the first workpiece 1, and the boss can seal the second groove, so that oxidation phenomenon is avoided, and service life is prolonged.
By using the friction welding machine, the second workpiece 2 rubs in the groove of the first workpiece 1 to generate a certain amount of deformation and flow so as to fill the round corner part of the first workpiece 1, and the round corner part cannot overflow the groove of the first workpiece, thereby avoiding the generation of flash while realizing the tight combination of two bars.
Example two
The embodiment discloses a heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding method, which utilizes the heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure as in the first embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
and step 1, machining the pre-welded end surfaces of the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 according to the actual structure of the workpieces.
A boss-like groove is formed at the axis of the pre-machined end surface of the first workpiece 1 by machining, the surface roughness of the boss-like groove is smaller than 1 μm, and a boss 6 is machined at the axis of the pre-machined end surface of the second workpiece 2.
And 2, degreasing the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2.
And 3, pre-assembling the processed first workpiece 1 and the processed second workpiece 2, respectively placing the pre-assembled first workpiece and the pre-assembled second workpiece on the rotating side and the feeding side of the rotary friction welding machine, and adjusting welding parameters of the rotary friction welding machine after clamping.
In this embodiment, the welding is performed by using a continuous driving friction welding machine, the second workpiece 2 is placed on the rotating side of the friction welding machine, the first workpiece 1 is placed on the feeding side of the friction welding machine, and after the two sides are clamped, welding parameters are adjusted.
The welding parameters are specifically as follows: the initial rotating speed is 400-3000rpm, the friction pressure is 10-300MPa, and the welding time is 1-10s; the upsetting pressure is 20-400MPa; the moment of inertia is 0-2 kg.m 2 。
And 4, starting the welding machine, and starting welding when the welding machine reaches a preset rotating speed. The friction pressure is controlled, so that the second workpiece 2 deforms by a certain amount, and gaps in the boss-shaped grooves on the first workpiece 1 are filled under the action of the pressure, so that the integrated forming of dissimilar metals and special-shaped structures is realized.
In this example, an initial rotation speed of 800rpm, a friction pressure of 40MPa, a welding time of 5s, and an upsetting pressure of 80MPa were selected. Starting a welding machine, when the rotating speed reaches a preset speed of 800rpm, starting friction pressure and starting to record time, gradually heating the silver side under the action of the friction pressure and reaching a plastic state, and applying upsetting pressure after reaching 5s to enable pure silver reaching the plastic state to flow so as to fill gaps of red copper, so that integrated forming of the joint is realized.
The method and the device have the advantages that the characteristics of plastic deformation and flow of materials in the process of dissimilar metal rotary friction welding are utilized, the effective connection of dissimilar metals is realized, and meanwhile, the gap of the other side material is filled by utilizing the flowability of the material with relatively low yield strength, so that the integrated forming of the dissimilar metals and the special-shaped structure is realized. The method and the device realize integrated forming of complex structures while ensuring the effective connection of dissimilar metals (the sealing performance of the welded joint reaches more than 50atm and the tensile strength reaches more than 3 KN), avoid the waste of noble metal materials and reduce the cost of secondary processing.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure is provided only and not intended to limit the disclosure so that various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a heterogeneous dysmorphism rotary friction extrusion welded structure, its characterized in that includes first work piece and second work piece, boss form recess is seted up to the preliminary working terminal surface axis department of first work piece, the preliminary working terminal surface axis department of second work piece is provided with the boss.
2. A heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welded structure according to claim 1 wherein the boss-like grooves have a surface roughness of less than 1 μm.
3. The heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure of claim 1, wherein the boss-like groove comprises a first groove and a second groove, the second groove being formed in the bottom of the first groove.
4. A heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure as defined in claim 3 wherein the first and second grooves are circular grooves, the second groove having a cross-sectional diameter smaller than the first groove, the axes of the first and second grooves being coincident with the axis of the first workpiece.
5. A heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure as defined in claim 3 wherein the peripheral side of the bottom surface of the first groove is provided with a chamfer.
6. A heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure according to claim 3 wherein the cross-sectional diameter of the second workpiece is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the first groove and the cross-sectional diameter of the boss is the same as the cross-sectional diameter of the second groove.
7. A heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welded structure according to claim 1 wherein the yield strength of the first work piece is greater than the yield strength of the second work piece.
8. A heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding method using a heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step 1, machining pre-welded end surfaces of a first workpiece and a second workpiece according to the actual structure of the workpieces;
step 2, degreasing the first workpiece and the second workpiece;
step 3, pre-assembling the processed first workpiece and the processed second workpiece, respectively placing the first workpiece and the second workpiece on the rotating side and the feeding side of the rotary friction welding machine, and adjusting welding parameters of the rotary friction welding machine after clamping;
and 4, starting the welding machine, and starting welding when the welding machine reaches a preset rotating speed. The friction pressure is controlled, so that the second workpiece deforms by a certain amount, and gaps in the boss-shaped grooves on the first workpiece are filled under the action of the pressure, so that the integrated molding of dissimilar metals is realized.
9. A heterogeneous shaped rotary friction extrusion welding method as defined in claim 8 wherein said second workpiece is disposed on a rotating side of a rotary friction welder and said first workpiece is disposed on a feed side of the rotary friction welder.
10. The heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding method according to claim 8, wherein the welding parameters of the welding machine are as follows: the initial rotating speed is 400-3000rpm, the friction pressure is 10-300MPa, and the welding time is 1-10s; the upsetting pressure is 20-400MPa; the moment of inertia is 0-2 kg.m 2 。
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| CN202310016785.0A CN116213993A (en) | 2023-01-06 | 2023-01-06 | Heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure and method |
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| CN202310016785.0A CN116213993A (en) | 2023-01-06 | 2023-01-06 | Heterogeneous special-shaped rotary friction extrusion welding structure and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117028389A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-10 | 太原理工大学 | Full thread riveted shear fastener and method of use thereof |
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