CN211305187U - A rotary welding tool for friction welding - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rotary welding tool for friction welding, which comprises a support body and a core material; the core material is placed in a cavity of a sleeve at the lower part of the support body; Through hole, the axis of the through hole and the axis of the support body are the same axis; welding is realized by friction on the surface of the workpiece with a rotating welding tool, and the welding tool used to realize this friction welding method is composed of core material and support body composition. The core material is a consumable material, which is composed of a cylinder or prism of the same material as the material to be welded. One end of the support body is sleeve-shaped, and forms a close fit with the core material; the other end is a common tool handle, which is connected with the main shaft of the motor. The support body is a non-consumable part, and its material strength should be higher than that of the material to be welded. By adopting the rotary welding tool of the utility model, the butt joint, lap joint and spot welding of plates are welded by mutual friction of homogeneous materials, and are no longer limited to workpieces with specific cross-sectional shapes. Compared with ordinary friction stir welding, the utility model no longer needs a non-consumable stirring tool as a welding tool, and fundamentally solves the problem of easy wear and tear of the stirring head.

Description

A rotary welding tool for friction welding

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and relates to a rotary welding tool for friction welding, in particular to a friction welding tool on the surface of a workpiece using a welding tool of the same material as the workpiece.

Background technique

Existing friction welding techniques generally utilize mutual friction between workpieces (eg rotary friction welding and linear friction welding) or between workpieces and non-consumable tools inserted into the workpiece (eg friction stir welding) to generate heat. , soften the material to be welded and form a plastic flow, thereby breaking the original interface to form an effective connection.

For the existing friction welding technology, limited by the process characteristics, the joints welded by rotary friction welding and linear friction welding are relatively simple, and they can only be used to weld workpieces with fixed cross-sectional shapes. The advantage is that both are suitable for welding almost all materials that can be thermally deformed.

Friction stir welding is a relatively new friction welding technology, which relies on a high-speed rotating stirring tool inserted into the workpiece to generate friction stir heat and soften the material to be welded to form a plastic flow. When the high-speed rotating stirring tool moves along the seam to be welded, a good welded joint can be formed behind the stirring tool. Since friction stir welding does not need to rely on the relative motion between the workpieces, friction stir welding is suitable for various complex joint forms such as flat butt joint, lap joint, fillet joint, T-joint, spot welding, cylinder circumferential seam, and longitudinal seam. .

However, due to the need to insert a non-consumable stirring tool into the workpiece for frictional heat generation, the stirring tool must have a much higher strength and wear resistance than the workpiece material. This puts forward higher requirements on the materials for making stirring tools. At present, although friction stir welding has been used in the industrial production of aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys and other materials with low strength and melting point, when welding long straight welds, there is still a fracture of the stirring tool due to thermal fatigue. risks of. For iron-based, titanium-based and nickel-based alloys with high strength and high melting point, due to the easy wear and tear of stirring tools, they have not yet been industrialized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

technical problem to be solved

In order to avoid the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a rotary welding tool for friction welding, which solves the problems that the existing rotary friction welding and linear friction welding have a single welded joint, and the friction stir welding tool is easy to wear and break. question.

Technical solutions

A rotary welding tool for friction welding is characterized in that it includes a support body 1 and a core material 2; the core material is placed in the cavity of a sleeve 1-1 at the lower part of the support body; the upper part of the support body is a tool handle 1-2, There is a through hole 1-3 in the center that communicates with the cavity, and the axis of the through hole 1-3 and the axis of the support body 1 are the same axis; The inner wall of the cavity is a circle that matches the cylindrical core material, or a polygon that matches the prism; the end portion 2-2 of the core material is 0-3 mm larger than the end portion 1-4 of the support body; the material of the core material is the same as the material to be welded The materials are the same; the material strength of the support body 1 is higher than that of the core material, that is, the strength of the material to be welded; a cooling device is provided on the outer side of the sleeve 1-1 at the lower part of the support body; the cooling device adopts a pipeline structure, and the pipeline There is coolant 5 inside.

The support body 1 is provided with a second sleeve 1-1-1 made of superhard material outside the support body 1, which is located in the middle of the support body 1 and is fixedly connected by a hexagon socket head stud.

When the core material 2 has a cylindrical structure, the upper part of the side of the core material 2 is provided with a holding surface 2-1, and the side of the support body that matches the clamping surface 2-1 is provided with a through hole. The core material is fixedly connected with the support body.

The outer diameter of the core material is 3-10 times the thickness of the workpiece to be welded.

The wall thickness of the sleeve 1-1 at the lower part of the support body is 1-2 mm.

beneficial effect

The invention proposes a rotary welding tool for friction welding, which realizes welding by rubbing a rotating welding tool on the surface of a workpiece, and the welding tool for realizing the friction welding method is composed of a core material and a support body. The core material is a consumable material, which is composed of a cylinder or prism of the same material as the material to be welded. One end of the support body is sleeve-shaped, and forms a close fit with the core material; the other end is a common tool handle, which is connected with the main shaft of the motor. The support body is a non-consumable part, and its material strength should be higher than that of the material to be welded.

By using the rotary welding tool of the present invention, the butt joint, lap joint and spot welding of plates are welded by mutual friction of homogeneous materials, and are no longer limited to workpieces with specific cross-sectional shapes. Compared with ordinary friction stir welding, the present invention no longer needs a non-consumable stirring tool as a welding tool, and fundamentally solves the problem of easy wear and tear of the stirring head.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a welding tool and a workpiece during butt joint in the friction welding method disclosed in the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of a welding tool with a cylindrical core material.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the welding tool with the additional cooling device.

4 is a front view of a welding tool and a workpiece during lap jointing and spot welding in the friction welding method disclosed in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a welding tool whose core material is a regular octagonal prism.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the structure of a composite welding tool for welding high melting point metals.

Detailed ways

The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings:

Welding is achieved by rubbing a rotating welding tool on the surface of the workpiece, and the welding tool used to realize the friction welding method is composed of a core material and a support body. The core material is a consumable material, which is composed of a cylinder or prism of the same material as the material to be welded. One end of the support body is sleeve-shaped, and forms a close fit with the core material; the other end is a common tool handle, which is connected with the main shaft of the motor. The support body is a non-consumable part, and its material strength should be higher than that of the material to be welded. The end of the core material is slightly higher than the end of the support by 0-3 mm.

During welding, the welding tool is slowly pressed against the surface of the workpiece to be welded at a speed of 10-2000 rpm to generate frictional heat, and the pressing rate is 5-30 mm/min. When the part of the core material higher than the support body is completely consumed and the support body is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece, move the welding tool at a feed speed of 10-500 mm/min for welding. In this way, the core material is driven to rotate by the support body, and the end of the core material drives the flow of the workpiece material under the welding tool, thereby forming a rotating material eddy current under the welding tool. The eddy currents move with the welding tool, forming welds where the eddy currents pass, enabling the material to join.

The friction welding method can be used for joint forms such as spot welding, lap welding and butt welding. When used for spot welding, the welding tool does not need to be moved.

The core material used in the above welding method is made of a bar of the same material as the material to be welded, and the outer diameter of the bar is 3-10 times the thickness of the workpiece to be welded. The smaller the thickness of the workpiece to be welded, the larger the multiple. At the end where the support body and the core material are closely matched with each other, the wall thickness of the support body is 1-2 mm. There is no relative rotation between the core material and the support body, which ensures that the torque can be transmitted to the core material through the support body. The friction welding method can weld plates with a thickness of 0.5-6 mm. Weldable materials include, but are not limited to, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, copper alloys, titanium alloys, iron alloys, and nickel alloys.

Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 . This embodiment includes a support body 1 , a core material 2 , a hexagon socket head stud 3 and a workpiece 4 to be welded. The support body 1 is composed of a sleeve 1-1, a handle 1-2 and a through hole 1-3 built in the central axis of the handle. The upper end of the core material 2 is provided with a clamping surface 2-1. The core material 2 is closely matched with the sleeve 1-1, and is fixed by the inner hexagon stud 3 and the clamping surface 2-1. When disassembling, you can use the through holes 1-3 inside the handle 1-2. The core end 2-2 is 0-3 mm beyond the support end 1-4. During welding, the support body 1 is connected to the main shaft of the welding machine through the tool holder 1-2. The welding machine spindle transmits the torque to the core material 2 through the support body 1 . At a rotational speed of 10-2000 rpm, the end portion 2-2 of the core material is slowly pressed against the surface of the workpiece 4, and the pressing rate is 5-30 mm/min. After the end portion 2-2 of the core material is in contact with the surface of the workpiece 4, heat is generated by mutual friction, and at the same time, the end portion 2-2 of the core material is gradually lost due to friction. Until the end portion 1-4 of the support body is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece 4 (the end portion 1-4 of the support body sinks into the surface of the workpiece 4 by 0-0.2 mm), move the support body 1 at a feed speed of 10-500 mm/min, and implement welding.

Embodiment 2: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 . The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the outer side of the sleeve 1-1 is wrapped by the circulating cooling liquid 5 to reduce the temperature of the core material 2 and maintain the transmission of torque from the core material 2 to the workpiece 4 . Other implementation steps are the same as implementation example 1.

Embodiment 3: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 4 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the joints of the workpieces 4-1 and 4-2 are lap joints. Other implementation steps are the same as implementation example 1.

Embodiment 4: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 4 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the joints of the workpieces 4-1 and 4-2 are lap joints. After the end part 1-4 of the support body is in close contact with the surface of the workpiece 4-1 (the end part 1-4 of the support body sinks into the surface of the workpiece 4-1 by 0-0.2 mm), keep it for 0-15s, and then pull up the support body to complete spot welding. Other implementation steps are the same as implementation example 1.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 5 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the core material 2 is in the shape of an octagonal prism, and the sleeve 1-1 is also in the shape of an octagonal prism (other polygonal prisms are also acceptable). For the core material 2, it is no longer necessary to fix the hexagon socket. Other implementation steps are the same as implementation example 1.

Embodiment 6: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 6 . The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the support body 1 has a split structure, which is used for welding high melting point metal materials. The support body 1 is made of a sleeve 1-1 made of tool steel, a shank 1-2, a through hole 1-3 and a second sleeve 1-3 made of superhard materials (tungsten carbide, silicon nitride, tungsten-rhenium alloy, etc.). 1-1 composition. Tool steel sleeve 1-1 and superhard material sleeve 1-1-1 are fixed by socket head studs and clamping surface 1-1-2. Other implementation steps are the same as implementation example 5.

Claims (5)

1. A rotary welding tool for friction welding, characterized by comprising a support body (1) and a core material (2); the core material is arranged in the cavity of the sleeve (1-1) at the lower part of the support body; the upper part of the support body is provided with a knife handle (1-2), the center of the support body is provided with a through hole (1-3) communicated with the cavity, and the axis of the through hole (1-3) and the axis of the support body (1) are the same; the core material (2) is a cylinder or a prism, and the inner wall of the cavity at the lower part of the support body (1) is a circle matched with the cylinder core material or a polygon matched with the prism; the end part (2-2) of the core material exceeds the end part (1-4) of the support body by 0-3 mm; the core material is the same as the material to be welded; the material strength of the support body (1) is higher than that of a core material, namely a material to be welded; a cooling device is arranged outside the sleeve (1-1) at the lower part of the support body; the cooling device adopts a pipeline structure, and cooling liquid (5) is arranged in the pipeline.

2. The rotary bonding tool for friction welding according to claim 1, wherein: the support body (1) is externally provided with a second sleeve (1-1-1) which is positioned in the middle of the support body (1) and fixedly connected with the support body through an inner hexagonal stud.

3. A rotary bonding tool for friction welding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the core material (2) is in a cylindrical structure, the upper part of the side surface of the core material (2) is provided with a clamping surface (2-1), the side edge of the support body matched with the clamping surface (2-1) is provided with a through hole, and the core material is fixedly connected with the support body through an inner hexagonal stud (3).

4. A rotary bonding tool for friction welding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the outer diameter of the core material is 3-10 times of the thickness of a workpiece to be welded.

5. A rotary bonding tool for friction welding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the wall thickness of the sleeve (1-1) at the lower part of the support body is 1-2 mm.

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