TW202011040A - Self-configuring relay tester - Google Patents

Abstract

A tester for a relay comprises an enclosure, a testing circuit that includes a controller, electronic switch components, a power source, indicator LEDs, a test start switch, a relay type switch, and five electric leads each connected with one terminal of the relay. With the relay type switch set to the type of relay being tested, with power supplied to each lead, and with the test start switch actuated, the controller can set each lead to ground, in turn, and then count the number of other leads that are grounded as a result. The controller then illuminates the at least one indicator to indicate either the passing relay test or the failed relay test based on the counts measured. Once the leads connected to the relay coil are identified, cyclic testing of the relay can be performed.

Description

Automatically configured relay tester

The invention relates to a test device for electronic components, and more particularly, to an automatically configured relay tester.

Relays are mechanical devices used in various types of equipment, automobiles, etc., which enable small power signals to control relatively large power loads. For example, in automotive circuits, relays are often used to control the headlight circuit. The light switch operated by the car driver is connected to the input or coil side of the relay. This input side requires a relatively small amount of power from the light switch circuit. When the headlight switch is switched to the on position, power is applied to the coil, causing a magnetic field to be generated around the longitudinal axis of the coil which in turn attracts the black metal pole piece on the output side of the relay, causing the contact to change state, which causes the headlight circuit to close Relatively high power headlight circuit power supply. In fact, the relatively small power drawn from the headlamp switch circuit controls the greater power delivered to the headlamp circuit. This type of configuration is used in all different types of electrical/electronic control for the entire industry and equipment, automobiles, tools, automation equipment, and almost any device that requires some type of medium power control.

Every electrical or electronic circuit that contains a relay will generate test problems to determine the cause of the fault, especially when the faulty circuit is of the type of the car, so that when the circuit is in operation or "live" state, it is impossible to access the test points that can be checked . All relay circuits are composed of control (coil) and load side. All relays contain a coil powered by a control circuit, which in turn causes the relay to operate at least one mechanical contact, and the connected load circuit is energized or de-energized by the operation of the mechanical contact. When there is a problem with this type of circuit, it is necessary to check the voltage and current at different locations within the circuit to determine the cause of the problem. If there are easily accessible test points in the circuit, you can use a voltmeter and an ammeter (digital multimeter-DMM) to display the power of the circuit. The disadvantage of using DMM is that it is time-consuming and it is particularly difficult to obtain current readings in energized circuits. The DMM cannot automatically measure the relay to determine whether the relay itself is faulty and the cause of the circuit failure.

There are currently relay testers on the market that perform automatic relay testing. My "Relay Buddy™", US Patent No. 9234462 is the best example. The present invention is an improvement to this type of device because an interface is created between the relay under test (RUT) and the relay tester itself.

The relay testers on the market now include some general-purpose relay sockets, so the RUT can simply be placed in the appropriate socket, thereby exposing the electrical components of the RUT to the appropriate location of the test circuit in the relay tester. For these types of relay testers, the RUT is required to fit into the specific relay socket to be tested. Relay Buddy™ comes standard with 3 specific types of relay sockets or a "footprint" of testable terminal layout. Relay Buddy™ also comes with other relay footprint adapters to test several other types of relays by aligning the RUT terminal with the correct test socket terminal. All objects of prior art devices contain a fixture or fixtures to allow the RUT to be connected to the relay tester in a controlled, known and repeatable method.

This is the real limitation of this current-type relay tester. The relays that can be tested are only suitable for the proper footprint provided by the tester, or they must have an adapter that allows the relay to fit the correct end position.

All relays contain a coil that is energized to generate a magnetic field, which in turn pulls the armature or pole piece of the relay switch to move, causing the electrical connection to close or open. When the power supply used to energize the relay is removed, the magnetic field will be lost and the armature will return to its original position under some type of spring force and again produce the original "power-off" or "normal" electrical connection state. Therefore, all relays include the coil side and the switch side. Most modern car-type relays contain a common "footprint", which allows the components of the relay to be correctly and repeatably positioned whenever placed in the circuit. Automobiles and most other devices that use relays include "sockets", which allow the relay to have normally and properly configured connection points into the circuit.

In addition, all relays contain coils and switches, but there are many different types of "footprints" or configurations that expose those common components of the relay. Depending on the amount of current the relay is designed to handle, it may contain relatively large terminals that expose the switch side of the circuit. Some relays designed to carry more than 100 amps usually have a switch connection using large round screw terminals.

Modern relays do not have strict wiring standards, resulting in terminal names/dimensions becoming common known locations or functions. In order to successfully test the relay, there must be an adapter that properly connects the appropriate relay terminal to the tester so that the tester knows which terminal is which.

Therefore, there is a need for a relay test device that can be quickly connected to a relay without knowing what each terminal of the relay is. The required invention will have easy-to-use and intuitive controls, and can quickly test 4-terminal or 5-terminal relays, giving clear instructions when such relays successfully pass or fail the test. The invention is relatively easy to use with vehicle batteries or on-board batteries. The present invention achieves these objectives.

This device is a tester for relays with four or five electrical terminal types, where two electrical terminals are coil terminals, connected on opposite sides of the relay coil, or a single normally open terminal or a single normally closed terminal, or The open terminal and the normally closed terminal, and the armature terminal electrically connected to the conductive relay armature, if present, are connected to the normally closed terminal when the coil is in the power-off state, or to the normally open terminal when the coil is in the power-on state Connected. This relay is either a terminal normally-open relay, a terminal normally-closed relay, or a terminal relay with a normally-open terminal and a normally-closed terminal, and is usually used in a vehicle (not shown).

The tester includes a housing and a circuit board at least partially fixed within the housing. The circuit board includes a test circuit including a controller, two or more electronic switching elements, a power supply, at least one indicator, a test start switch, a relay-type switch, at least five voltage dividers, and at least five analog-to-digital conversions And five electrical leads, each electrical lead terminating at a conductive clip at its distal end.

In one embodiment, the power source is a battery or the like contained in the housing. Alternatively, the power source is an external power source, such as a vehicle battery having a positive power lead and a negative power lead, each connected to the test circuit to power the test circuit and the relay coil.

In some embodiments, at least the indicator includes a green LED to indicate that the relay test passed, and a red LED to indicate that the relay test failed. In some embodiments, the at least one indicator includes a terminal LED to indicate that the relay type switch is set to the first position, and a terminal LED to indicate that the relay type switch is set to the second position.

Due to the "introduction of time lag" of the relay, the controller is suitable for realizing the rapid counting of the number of grounded electrical leads caused by grounding one lead before the relay changes state. Among them, when the state of the relay coil changes, the armature does not move immediately. The controller is also suitable for realizing the alternating slow counting of the number of grounded electrical leads by grounding one lead. Once the relay has changed state, wait until after the armature movement time.

Preferably, the test circuit further includes a voltage regulator for supplying the component voltage, such as volts, to the test circuit when the power supply voltage is higher than the component voltage. If the power lead is inadvertently connected to the wrong side of the external power supply, a diode bridge can also be used to correct the polarity of the component voltage. In some embodiments, the resistors can be changed to accommodate an external power source with a voltage of 12 volts, 24 volts, or the like.

Preferably, once the controller determines which electrical lead is connected to the relay coil, the controller is adapted to run a predetermined number of digits, such as ten loop relay tests. Therefore, if each loop relay test passes, the controller lights a green LED, or if any loop relay test fails, the controller lights a red LED.

In use, each electrical terminal of the relay is connected to a lead of the test circuit, and the relay-type switch is set to the type of relay being tested, and the controller can set each electrical ground when the test start switch is activated. Come over and then calculate the number of other leads that lead to ground. Then, the controller lights up at least one indicator to indicate the passed relay test or the failed relay test based on the measured count.

For 5-terminal relays, and with the relay de-energized, the test circuit first determines which of the five leads is connected with a substantially zero resistance, and then designates them as normally closed leads. Then, the test circuits are sequentially grounded to each other to see when the normally closed lead is open, with a substantially infinite resistance. This indicates that at least one coil lead has been found. Once a coil lead is determined, the coil can be looped through the loop relay test to identify the other lead and the relay is usually tested through ten loops. If any test fails, the red LED lights up to indicate that the relay test failed; otherwise, the green LED lights up to indicate that the test passed.

The present invention is a relay testing device that can be quickly connected to a relay without knowing what each terminal of the relay is. The present invention includes easy-to-use and intuitive control, and can quickly test 4-terminal or 5-terminal relays, and when such relays successfully pass or fail the test, give clear instructions. The invention is relatively easy to use with vehicle batteries or on-board batteries. The principles of the present invention are shown by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent through the following more detailed description.

Illustrative embodiments of the invention are described below. The following description provides specific details for a thorough understanding and implementation of the description of these embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known structures and functions have not been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "including", "including", etc. shall be interpreted in an inclusive sense, rather than an exclusive or exhaustive meaning; that is, their meaning For "including but not limited to". Words using the singular or plural number also include the plural or singular number, respectively. In addition, when used in this application, the words "herein", "above", "below" and words of similar meaning should refer to the entirety of the application and not to any particular part of the application. When the claim uses the word "or" to refer to a list of two or more projects, the term covers all the following interpretations of the word: any item in the list, all items in the list, and any items in the list The combination of projects. When the word "each" is used to mean at least one element previously introduced, the word "each" does not necessarily mean multiple elements, but may also mean a single element.

1 and 2 show a tester 10 for a relay 20 of the type having four or five electrical terminals 21, 22, 23, 28, 29, the two electrical terminals 21, 22 are connected on opposite sides of the relay coil 26 Coil terminals 21, 22, a single normally open terminal 28 or a single normally closed terminal 29, or a normally open terminal 28 and a normally closed terminal 29, and an armature terminal 23 electrically connected to the conductive relay armature 27, if any, Connected to the normally closed terminal 29 when the coil 26 is in the power-off state 30, or connected to the normally-open terminal 28 when the coil 26 is in the power-on state 31. Such a relay 20 is either a 4-terminal normally-open relay 20, a 4-terminal normally-closed relay 20, or a 5-terminal relay having a normally-open terminal 28 and a normally-closed terminal 29, and is usually used in a vehicle (not shown).

The tester 10 includes a housing 40 and a circuit board 50 at least partially fixed in the housing 40. The circuit board 50 includes a test circuit 60 including a controller 61, two or more electronic switch parts 70, a power supply 80, at least one indicator 90, a test start switch 100, a relay type switch 110, and at least five points The compressor 130, at least five analog-to-digital converters 140, and five electrical leads 120, each terminating at its distal end 128 and having a conductive clip 129.

The housing 10 is preferably made of a rigid or semi-rigid material, such as injection molded plastic, metal, wood, or the like. The controller 61 is preferably an MCU such as Microchip's PIC16F18344, which can be programmed to perform test steps and includes at least five analog-to-digital converters 140. The electronic switch component 70 is preferably a transistor element such as Texas Instruments' ULN2003A.

In one embodiment, the power source 80 is a battery 81, an A/C adapter plugged into a 110V outlet, or the like contained in a housing 40 that can be selectively sealed to hold the battery 81 therein to have a removable door. Alternatively, the power supply 80 is an external power supply 82 having a positive power supply lead 83 and a negative power supply lead 84, each of which is connected to the test circuit 60 to supply power to the test circuit 60 and the relay coil 26. The external power source 82, such as the vehicle battery 82, and the relay 20 are preferably from the same vehicle. If the tested relay 20 is designed for such a vehicle, it is safe to know that the supply voltage VS of the vehicle battery 82 is used to power the vehicle relay 20.

In some embodiments, at least the indicator 90 includes a green LED 91 to indicate that the relay test 170 is passed, and a red LED 92 to indicate that the relay test failed 180. In some embodiments, at least one indicator 90 includes a 4-terminal LED 93 to indicate that the relay type switch 110 is set to the first position 111, and a 5-terminal LED 94 to indicate that the relay type switch 110 is set to the second position 112.

The test activation switch 100 is preferably a transient contact normally open type button or switch 100, and the relay type switch 110 is preferably a two-position rocker type switch 110.

Due to the "introduction of time lag" of the relay, where the armature 27 does not move immediately when the state of the relay coil 26 changes, the controller 61 is adapted to perform grounding due to grounding one of the leads 120 before the relay 20 changes state A quick count of the number of electrical leads 120. The controller 61 is also adapted to perform an alternating slow count of the number of grounded electrical leads 120 caused by setting one of the leads 120 to ground, and once the relay 20 changes state, wait until after the armature movement time.

Preferably, the test circuit 60 further includes a voltage regulator 190 (FIG. 3) for supplying the component voltage V+ to the test circuit 60 when the voltage of the power supply 80 is higher than the component voltage V+, for example, 5 volts. If the power supply leads 83, 84 are inadvertently connected to the wrong side of the external power supply 82, a diode bridge (not shown) may also be added to correct the polarity of the element voltage. Alternatively, a diode D6 may be included to simply prevent the test circuit from operating if the power supply leads 83, 84 are inadvertently connected to the wrong side of the external power supply 82. In some embodiments, the resistances R1-R15 can be changed to match an external power supply 82 with a voltage of 24 volts, or 12 volts, and so on. In some embodiments, when the external power supply 82 is connected to the test circuit 60, the test circuit 60 may measure the voltage of the external power supply 82 and automatically switch the test voltage relay (not shown) between, for example, 12V and 24V. The voltage regulator 190 may include an additional switch (not shown) and an additional circuit having different resistances R1-R15, switched by the relay 20, so that the battery voltage of the external power source 82 can be selected by activating the additional switch.

Preferably, once the controller 61 determines which electrical lead 120 is connected to the relay coil 26, the controller 61 is adapted to run a predetermined number of loop relay tests 210, for example 10 times, to check for intermittent failures. Therefore, if each of the loop relay tests 210 passes, the controller 61 lights the green LED 91, or if any loop relay test 210 fails, the controller 61 lights the red LED 92.

In use, each electrical terminal 21, 22, 23, 28, 29 of the relay 20 is connected to one of the leads 120 of the test circuit 60, and the relay-type switch 110 is set to the type of the relay 20 to be tested, and, in When the test activation switch 100 is activated, the controller 61 may sequentially set each electrical lead 120 to ground, and then count the number of other leads 120 that are grounded as a result. Then, the controller 61 lights up at least one indicator 90 to indicate the passed relay test 170 or the failed relay test 180 based on the measured count.

Specifically, for the 4-terminal type relay 20, the following steps are taken to test the relay 20 (FIG. 4):

Step S1: Provide the tester 10 as described above.

In step S2, each electrical terminal 21, 22, 23, 28 of the relay 20 is connected to one of the five electrical leads 120 of the test circuit 60. It does not matter which one of the four electrical leads 120 is connected to each terminal 21, 22, 23, 28, which simplifies the setting of the relay test.

Step S3, the relay-type switch 110 is set to the first position 111 to indicate the 4-terminal type relay 20 being tested.

Step S4. The power supply voltage VS is applied to the test circuit 60, whereby each lead 120 is connected to the power supply voltage VS.

Step S5: Start the test start switch 100.

Step S6. Then, the test circuit 60 performs a test to ensure the voltage of the power supply 80, and particularly if the voltage of the external power supply 82 connected to the test circuit 60 is within a preset appropriate voltage range, for example, about 12-15.5V. If not, the test circuit 60 lights at least one indicator 90 to indicate a voltage fault condition, for example, by blinking the red LED 92, and stops the test.

Step S7. Then, the test circuit 60 performs the first round of testing by grounding the first electrical lead 121 and waiting for at least a predetermined armature movement time, for example, one second.

Step S8. Then, the test circuit 60 sequentially grounds each other electrical lead 120, and quickly counts the number of grounded leads 120. Then, the test circuit 60 adds each count to determine whether the count is 10, and if so, skip to step S10.

Step S9. Then, the test circuit 60 repeats step S7 in the next round of testing by grounding the next electrical lead 122, and so on, until all five electrical leads 120 have been so grounded.

Step S10. If the result of no test round is 10, the test circuit 60 sets the red LED 92 to indicate the failed relay test 180 and stops the test.

Step S11. In some embodiments, the loop relay test 210 is performed at this time, which will be described below.

Step S12. If step S12 is reached, the test circuit 60 sets a green LED 91 to indicate that the relay test 170 has passed.

Normally working relay 20, all terminals 21, 22, 23, 27, 28 set to VS will display the following results:

Any number other than the count 10 indicates a certain type of fault in the relay 20.

The loop relay test 210 tests a predetermined number of times the relay 20 is energized and then the relay 20 is de-energized, measuring the loop of conductivity or resistance between the armature terminal 23, the normally open terminal 28, and the normally closed terminal 29 if present. Once the electrical lead 120 connected to the relay coil 26 is determined, the looped relay test 210 can be performed. In the above steps, any test rounds that result in a count of 10 ensure that the two ground leads 120 are connected to the coil 26. In this way, when the coil 26 is energized and de-energized and by setting the electrical lead 120 corresponding to the armature terminal 23 to ground, the conductivity or resistance between the armature terminal 23 and the normally open terminal 28 can be tested. Similarly, when the coil 26 is energized and de-energized and by setting the electrical lead 120 corresponding to the armature terminal 23 to ground, the conductivity or resistance between the armature terminal 23 and the normally closed terminal 29 if present can be tested . With the relay coil 26 in the energized state, the normally open terminal 28 in the working relay 20 will initially be disconnected from the armature 27 and will show a zero voltage drop or substantially infinite resistance. Once the armature movement time has occurred and the relay 20 has changed state, the normally open terminal 28 of the relay 20 in operation will be electrically connected to the armature 27 and will display a voltage drop of the power supply voltage VS, or substantially zero resistance. The relay 20 repeats power-on and power-off, and the remaining leads 120 are tested accordingly to ensure that the relay 20 works normally. If any loop relay test 210 fails, the red LED 92 lights and the test stops. Otherwise, the green LED 91 lights to indicate that the relay test 170 has passed.

For the 5-terminal relay 20, the following steps test the relay 20 (Figure 5):

Step S21. Provide the tester 10 as described above.

In step S22, each electrical terminal 21, 22, 23, 28, 29 of the relay 20 is connected to one of the five electrical leads 120 of the test circuit 60. It does not matter which one of the five electrical leads 120 is connected to each terminal 21, 22, 23, 28, 29, which simplifies the setting of the relay test.

Step S23, the relay type switch 110 is set to the second position 112 to instruct the 5-terminal type relay 20.

Step S24. The power supply voltage VS is applied to the test circuit 60, whereby each lead 120 is connected to the power supply voltage VS.

Step S25: Start the test start switch 100.

Step S26. Then, the test circuit 60 performs a test to ensure the voltage of the power supply 80, especially the external power supply 82, if it is connected to the test circuit 60 within a predetermined appropriate voltage range, for example, about 12-15.5V. If not, the test c1 circuit 60 lights at least one indicator 90 to indicate a voltage fault condition, for example by flashing a red LED 92, and stops the test.

Step S27. The test circuit 60 performs a normally closed test by grounding the first electrical lead 120 to ground and quickly counting the number of grounded leads. If the count is 2, the controller 61 jumps to step S30.

Step S28. Repeat the normally closed test with the next electrical lead 120.

Step S29. If all electrical leads 120 are grounded in the normally closed test and are not counted as 2, the test circuit 60 sets the red LED 92 as the relay test 180 indicating a failure and the test is stopped.

Step S30. It is found that the two electric leads grounded in the normally closed test are called normally closed leads 23 and 29.

Step S31. Now, the test circuit 60 searches for the coil 26 by grounding the remaining three electrical leads 120 instead of the normally closed leads 23, 29, and tests whether the now normally closed leads 23, 29 are open. If so, the ground lead is the coil leads 21, 22, and if any one of the remaining two leads 120 is connected to either of the normally closed leads 23, 29, then the two connected leads are normally open leads 23, 28. The common lead between the normally closed leads 23, 29 and the normally open leads 23, 28 is designated as the armature lead 23. The test circuit 60 jumps to step S33.

Step S32. If the normally closed leads 23, 29 have never been opened during step S31, the test circuit 60 sets a red LED 92 to indicate the failed relay test 180 and the test stops.

Step S33. In some embodiments, the relay test 210 of the loop is performed at this time, as described above.

In step S34, the green LED 91 is set to indicate that the relay test 170 is passed, and the test is stopped.

When determining whether the electrical terminal 23 connected to the armature 27 is in electrical contact with, for example, the normally closed terminal 29, the analog-to-digital converter 140 converts the voltage drop across the terminals 23, 29 to see if it reads substantially zero volts. However, due to contact wear on the contacts in the relay 20 and carbon accumulation (not shown), there may be a slight resistance between the terminals 23, 29. In this case, the reading at the normally closed contact 29 The voltage may be slightly above zero volts. In this way, the test threshold voltage Vc can be set so that the resistance exceeding a certain value causes the test to fail even if they are but it seems that the terminals 23, 29 are not in electrical contact, but due to the accumulation of contact carbon.

Although specific forms of the invention have been illustrated and described, it is obvious that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the shapes of the housing 40 and the circuit board 50 may be different from those shown in the figure. Therefore, except for the appended claims, there is no intention to limit the invention.

The specific terms used in describing certain features or aspects of the present invention should not be taken as implying that the terms are redefined herein to be limited to any specific features, features, or aspects of the present invention associated with the term. Generally, the terms used in the following claims should not be construed to limit the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification, unless the above Detailed Description section explicitly defines these terms. Therefore, the actual scope of the invention includes not only the disclosed embodiments, but also all equivalent ways of practicing or implementing the invention.

The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the exact forms disclosed above or the specific fields of use mentioned in the present invention. Although specific embodiments and examples of the present invention are described above for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention as recognized by those skilled in the relevant art. Moreover, the teachings of the present invention provided herein can be applied to other systems, not necessarily the aforementioned systems. The elements and acts of the various embodiments described above can be combined to provide further embodiments.

All of the above patents and applications and other references, including any that may be listed in the accompanying application file, are incorporated herein by reference. If necessary, various aspects of the present invention can be modified to adopt the systems, functions, and concepts of the various references described above to provide other embodiments of the present invention.

According to the above "detailed description", the present invention can be changed. Although the above description details certain embodiments of the invention and describes the best mode contemplated, the invention can be implemented in a variety of ways no matter how detailed it is described above in the text. Therefore, implementation details can vary significantly while still being included in the invention disclosed herein. As described above, the specific terms used in describing certain features or aspects of the present invention should not be considered as implying a redefinition of terms herein to limit any specific features, features, or aspects of the present invention associated with the terms.

Although the following presents certain aspects of the invention in the form of certain claims, the inventors consider various aspects of the invention in the form of any number of claims. Therefore, the inventor reserves the right to add additional claims after filing the application to pursue these additional claim forms for other aspects of the invention.

10: Tester 20: Relay 21, 22, 23, 28, 29: electric terminal 26: Relay coil 27: Armature 28: normally open terminal 29: normally closed terminal 30: Power off state 31: Power-on state 40: Shell 50: circuit board 60: Test circuit 61: Controller 70: Electronic switch parts 80: power supply 81: battery 82: external power supply 83, 84: power lead 90: indicator 91: Green LED 92: Red LED 93:4-terminal LED 94:5-terminal LED 100: Start switch 110: Relay type switch 111: first position 112: second position 120: electrical lead 121: The first electrical lead 128: far end 129: conductive clip 130: voltage divider 140: analog-to-digital converter 170: Relay test 180: Relay test failed 190: voltage regulator 210: Loop relay test R1-R15: resistance Step S1~Step S12 Step S21~Step S34

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention electrically connected to a relay to be tested.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flow chart for the 4-terminal relay showing the test procedure of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the test process of the present invention for a 5-terminal relay.

10: Tester

20: Relay

30: Power off state

91: Green LED

92: Red LED

100: Start switch

111: first position

112: second position

120: electrical lead

128: far end

129: conductive clip

Claims (10)

A tester for a relay having four or five electrical terminals, where two electrical terminals are coil terminals connected on opposite sides of the relay coil, a single normally open terminal or a single normally closed terminal or the normally open terminal and the Normally closed terminal, and an armature terminal electrically connected to the relay armature, the relay armature is connected to the normally closed terminal if present, when the coil is in a power-off state, or the normally open terminal is when the coil is energized When in status, the tester includes: A shell; and A circuit board at least partially fixed in the housing, and includes a test circuit, and the test circuit includes a controller, two or more electronic switching elements, a power supply, at least one indicator, a test start switch, and a connection to the test circuit The relay-type switch has a first position for indicating the 4-terminal relay and a second position for indicating the 5-terminal relay. The test circuit also includes five electrical leads, each electrical lead The distal end terminates in a conductive clip, and at least five voltage dividers and five analog-to-digital converters, and the test circuit provides power for each lead, and is suitable for sequentially connecting each of the five leads to ground, And measure the voltage between any two leads, and the controller is suitable for performing a quick count of the number of leads that ground one lead before the relay coil can change state, or after the armature movement time Where the relay completely changes the state and slowly counts the number of ground leads caused by one lead being grounded, whereby each electrical terminal of the relay is connected to one lead of the test circuit, and the relay-type switch is set as the tested relay Type, and in the case of the start test start switch, the controller can set each lead to ground and then count the number of other leads that lead to ground, the controller lights at least one indicator to indicate based on the measured count Pass the relay test or fail the relay test. The tester according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the test circuit further includes a voltage regulator for supplying the component voltage to the test circuit when the power supply voltage is higher than the component voltage. The tester according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the element voltage is substantially 5 volts. The tester according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the at least one indicator includes a green LED to indicate passing the relay test; and a red LED to indicate that the relay test fails. The tester according to item 4 of the patent application scope, wherein the at least one indicator includes a 4-terminal LED for indicating that the relay-type switch is set to the first position, and wherein the at least one indicator includes 5- The terminal LED is used to indicate that the relay-type switch is set in the second position. The tester according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the power source is a battery contained in the housing, and the housing can be selectively sealed to hold the battery therein. The tester according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the power supply is an external power supply, and wherein the test circuit includes a positive power supply lead connected to the test circuit and a negative power supply lead connected to the test circuit, the positive power supply lead The negative power supply lead needs to be connected to the external power supply before the test relay. The tester according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein once the controller determines which electrical lead is connected to the relay coil, the controller is suitable for running a predetermined number of loop relay tests, whereby the controller lights The at least one indicator indicates whether the relay test passed or the relay test failed based on the loop relay test result. A method for testing a relay having four or five electrical terminals, where two electrical terminals are coil terminals connected on opposite sides of the relay coil, a single normally open terminal or a single normally closed terminal or the normally open terminal and the normally closed A terminal, and an armature terminal electrically connected to a relay armature, wherein the relay armature is connected to the normally closed terminal if present, when the coil is in a power-off state, or the normally-open terminal when the coil is in a power-on state , The method includes the following steps: Provide a shell; Provide a circuit board at least partially fixed in the housing, and include a test circuit, and the test circuit includes a controller, two or more electronic switching elements, a power supply, at least one indicator, and a test start switch, connected to the test circuit The relay-type switch has a first position for indicating 4-terminal relay and a second position for indicating 5-terminal relay, and the test circuit also includes five electrical leads, each electrical lead The distal end terminates in a conductive clip, and at least five voltage dividers and five analog-to-digital converters, and the test circuit provides power for each lead, and is suitable for sequentially connecting each of the five leads to ground , And measure the voltage between any two leads, and the controller is suitable for performing a quick count of the number of grounded leads caused by grounding a lead before the relay coil changes state, or after the relay coil changes state Slowly counting the number of ground leads caused by grounding one of the leads; Connect each electrical terminal of the relay to one of the five electrical leads of the test circuit, set the relay type switch to the type of the tested relay, and activate the test start switch; Test by the test circuit to ensure that the power supply voltage is within the appropriate voltage range, and if not, set at least one indicator to indicate the lack of proper input power and stop the test; Connect each electrical lead to the power supply. If the relay type switch is set to 4-terminal relay, then perform the 4-terminal relay test as follows: a1) Perform the first round of testing by grounding the first electrical lead and waiting for at least a predetermined armature movement time; b1) Ground each other electrical lead in sequence and quickly count the number of ground leads, and add each count to determine whether the count is 10, if yes, skip to step d1, if not, skip to step c1); c1) Repeat step a1) in the next round of testing by grounding the next electrical lead; d1) If the result count of no round of testing is 10, the test circuit sets at least one indicator to indicate that the relay test failed and stops the test, otherwise skip to step f1); f1) Set at least one indicator to indicate that the relay test passed and stop the test; If the relay type switch is set to 5-terminal relay, then perform the 5-terminal relay test as follows: a2) Perform the normally closed test by grounding the first electrical lead and counting the number of ground leads, and if it is 2, skip to step d2, otherwise skip to step b2); b2) Repeat the normally closed test of step a2) by grounding the next electrical lead; c2) If all leads are tested in the normally closed test, but none of the counts is 2, the test circuit sets at least one indicator to indicate that the relay test failed and stopped the test; d2) Assign two grounded electrical leads as the normally closed leads; e2) Find the coil by grounding the remaining three electrical leads of the normally closed lead that are not in turn grounded, and after the armature movement time, test whether the normally closed lead is open, if so, indicate the ground lead as the Coil lead, and if any of the remaining two leads are connected to any normally closed lead, if so, then the two connected leads are designated as normally open leads, where the normally closed lead and the normally open lead The normal lead between is designated as the armature lead, and skip to step h2, otherwise skip to step f2; f2) The test circuit is provided with at least one indicator to indicate the failure of the relay test and stop the test; and h2) Set at least one indicator to indicate that the relay passes the test and stops the test. The method as described in item 9 of the patent application scope also includes the following steps: e1) Perform a loop relay test for a predetermined number of loops, including the steps of deactivating the coil and grounding the armature lead, verifying that the voltage drop on the normally open lead is sufficiently close to infinity, or, in the case of the normally closed relay , The voltage drop on the normally open lead is close enough to zero, then start the coil by grounding one of the coil leads and wait for the armature movement time, verify that the voltage drop on the normally open lead is close enough to zero, or at the normally closed In the case of a relay, the voltage drop on the normally closed lead is close enough to infinity; therefore, if any loop relay fails the test loop, the test circuit lights at least one indicator to indicate the test failure and stops the test; and g2) Perform a loop relay test for a predetermined number of loops, including the steps of deactivating the coil and setting the armature lead to ground, verifying that the voltage drop on the normally closed lead is sufficiently close to zero, and the voltage on the normally open lead The voltage drop is close to infinite enough, start the coil by grounding one of the coil leads and wait for the armature movement time, verify that the voltage drop on the normally closed lead is close to infinite and the voltage drop on the normally open lead is close to zero; therefore If the relay test loop of any loop fails, the test circuit illuminates at least one indicator to indicate the test failure and stop the test.

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