RU2735302C1 - Relay control device 8e123m during fail-over test - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: test.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to test equipment, in particular to relay control devices, and can be used for control of electromagnetic relays 8E123M. Technical result is achieved by the disclosed relay control device during fail-over testing, comprising DC sources, a panel, voltage supply cable, milliammeter, millivoltmeter, variable resistance, batch switch, shunt, in addition connected in parallel to each relay contact series-connected signalling lamp of control of contacts of relay and resistor, cable for connection of pair of signal lamp for control of closing contacts of relay and resistor to contacts of each relay, in panel there is additionally plug connector for connection of cable of connection of pair of signal lamp for monitoring contacts of relay contacts and a resistor to the contacts of each relay, wherein the number of pairs of the relay contact monitoring signal light lamp and the resistor is equal to the number of relay contacts, wherein all the relay contact monitoring lamps are placed on the front panel of the panel, and all resistors are inside the panel.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of reliability of fact of closing contacts of each relay after supply of control voltage to relay coils.

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Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The invention relates to testing equipment, in particular to relay control devices and can be used to control electromagnetic relays 8E123M when testing for reliability during periodic tests.

Feature of testing relay 8E123M for reliability

The peculiarity of testing relays 8E123M for reliability is that they are in a heat chamber at a high temperature of 85 ° C for a relatively long time - 500 hours, while voltage is applied to the relay coils (the relay is constantly on), and through the closed series-connected contacts of all relays the current is passed [Electromagnetic relay 8E123M EZHIA.647115.001 TU Specifications TU16-647.037-86]. These are very harsh conditions for these relays. Therefore, during the test, it is necessary to systematically measure the current flowing through the hot relay coils so as not to burn them.

State of the art

Known standard device for monitoring the relay 8E123M when testing for reliability, described in [Cherkasov Yu.N. Periodic tests of the 8E123M relay. Tutorial. First edition. FSUE "NPP

VNIIEM ", 2009, p. 38] (Fig. 1), containing a first direct current source (hereinafter source No. 1) (Fig. 1), a second direct current source (hereinafter source No. 2), a remote control, a cable for supplying voltage to the relay coils, a voltage supply cable to the relay contacts, mA milliammeter, mV millivoltmeter, variable resistance R, while the control panel contains toggle switches T ₁ ,…, T _i ,…, T _n for supplying voltage to

relay coils P ₁ , ..., P _i , ..., P _n , plug connector for connecting the voltage supply cable to the relay coils, calibrated shunt Ш connected in series with the relay contacts, the number of toggle switches being equal to the number of relays being tested.

The current through the relay coils is measured with a mA milliammeter. When measuring, first turn off the toggle switch T _{i of the} tested relay, and then to the terminals of this toggle switch T _i , manually connect the mA milliammeter and record the readings of the mA milliammeter. Similarly, the current flowing through the coils of all relays is measured in series. This method of measuring current manually is very inconvenient, requires certain skills, measurements are low-current and, most importantly, unreliable, and the process of measuring current for all relays takes a long time. Turning off the toggle switch, even for a short time, will interrupt the current through the relay coil, while the relay will release, and its contacts K _{i will} open. Consequently, the current flowing through the series-connected contacts K ₁ , ..., K _i , ..., K _{n of} all relays will be interrupted. It has been experimentally revealed that if the current is interrupted, even for a short time, through the coil or contacts, the relay coils have time to change the temperature and, as a result, the coil resistance will change and, accordingly, the current through the relay coil will change. If you measure the current immediately after applying voltage to the relay coil, of course, the relays will not have time to warm up and the measurements will be unreliable. How long it takes to warm up the relay until they are fully warmed up, after reapplying the current, is not indicated in the documentation on the relay. It has been experimentally revealed that it takes at least 2 hours to fully warm up the relay. Experimentally, one more property of the relay was also revealed - after turning on the current through the relay coil, after interrupting the current through the coil or contacts, the value of the current through the relay coil each time changes in comparison with the previous measurement due to a change in the resistance of the relay coil. Hence, measuring the current through the hot coils of the relay,

after current interruptions, will be unequal. If we take into account that the current through a fully heated relay coil is only a few tens of milliamperes, then the indicated change in current turns out to be significant and leads to a tangible error.

Reliable and uniform current measurements will be only for relays fully warmed up to 85 ° C and without current interruptions. To fully warm up the relays, an additional current is passed through their closed contacts. But the current will flow through the contacts only if they are closed for all relays, because they are connected in series. Only when all contacts are closed through the mV millivoltmeter, connected in parallel with the shunt Ш, current will flow and its arrow will deviate. But the mV millivoltmeter has inertia. Therefore, the readout of the mA milliammeter readings is not taken at the moment the relay is triggered (contacts are closed), but somewhat later, after the contacts are closed. But according to the Technical Conditions on the relay, it is required to know the current through the hot coil of the relay exactly at the moment the relay is triggered (contact closure). It has been experimentally established that if the current through the relay coil is measured not at the moment when its contacts are closed, but somewhat later, then the current value will be different. There is an explanation for this effect - when current flows through the contacts, they heat up and, accordingly, the relay coil heats up additionally.

A significant disadvantage of this device is the complete lack of control of the facts of voltage supply to the coils and the closure of relay contacts. Therefore, if, after turning on all the toggle switches on the remote control, the mV millivoltmeter needle did not deviate, then the reason for this is not clear: either the contacts of some relay did not close, or the voltage was not applied to the coil of some relay. You have to disassemble the entire circuit and check each relay, which is very laborious and time-consuming. If we consider that the relays are in a hot chamber in a special device and are heated to a temperature of plus 85 ° C, wires are soldered to them, then

check the relay, you need to cool the camera and the relay, disassemble the entire circuit, independently check each relay and find the reason for not deviating the mV millivoltmeter after turning on all the toggle switches. After that, you need to reassemble the test scheme and retest. This work takes a lot of time, additional consumption of test equipment motor resources and electricity.

Known improved, in comparison with the standard, relay control device 8E123M when testing for reliability [Cherkasov Yu.N. Patent No. 2665327 from 30.70.2017, The device for monitoring the relay 8E123M when testing for reliability.] (Fig. 2), in which, in addition to the circuit in Fig. 1, a packet switch P and signal lamps L ₁ , ..., L _i , ..., L _n control the voltage supply to the coils of each relay are introduced, and the mA milliammeter is connected in series with the central lamella of the package switch, while through the lamellas of the package switch, parallel to the toggle switches is created, additional circuit for supplying voltage from source No. 1 to the relay coils. In this device, there is no voltage interruption from source # 1 when measuring the current through the relay coil due to the additional circuit through the packet switch.

The introduction of a packet switch made it possible to increase the accuracy of measuring the current through the hot coil of the relay, since when measuring the current through the relay coil, the current through the relay coil is not interrupted. The bulbs made it possible to unambiguously establish the fact of voltage supply to the coil of each relay.

Although this device (with bulbs) has an advantage over the previous device (without bulbs), it still has a significant drawback - the lack of control over the fact of closing the contacts of each relay. This drawback of this device is very significant - if voltage is applied to the coils of all relays (all toggle switches are on and all lights are on), but the mV meter does not deviate, which

means that no current flows through the series-connected relay contacts, therefore, the contacts of some relay did not close, but it is not clear which relay contacts did not close, since there is no control of the closure of contacts K ₁ , ..., K _i , ..., K _n . Therefore, the circuit has to be disassembled again, as in the previous case. This takes a long time, since the relays are in the chamber at + 85 ° C and they are hot. It is necessary to cool the chamber and the relay, unsolder the wires from each relay, independently check each relay in turn, and retest.

Patent studies of inventions and utility models of the USSR, the Russian Federation, the CIS countries and foreign countries have been carried out according to IPC classes: G01R 31/327, G01M 7/00, G01M 7/02, G01M 7/06, Н01Н 47/00, Н01Н 49/00 , G01R 23/00, G05D 23/02, 1970 to present. When analyzing the state of the art for inventions and utility models, one analogue was found - a relay control device 8E123M when testing for reliability [Cherkasov Yu.N. Patent No. 2665327 from 30.70.2017, the device for monitoring the relay 8E723M under the reliability test], the set of features of which is closest to the set of essential features of the claimed technical solution, which was adopted as a prototype. When analyzing the state of the art according to scientific and technical sources, no analogues were found, characterized by features that are identical to the essential features of the claimed invention.

Disclosure of invention

The purpose of the invention is to improve the reliability of determining the fact of closing the contacts of each relay.

This goal is achieved by the declared 8E123M relay monitoring device during reliability testing (Fig. 3), containing the first DC source (hereinafter source No. 1), the second source

direct current (hereinafter source # 2), control panel, cable for supplying voltage from source # 1 to the relay coils, cable for supplying voltage from source # 2 to relay contacts, milliammeter, millivoltmeter, variable resistance, while source # 1 is configured to supply voltage to the coils of all relays, source No. 2 is configured to supply voltage to the contacts of all relays, while the contacts of all relays are connected in series, the console contains toggle switches for supplying voltage from source No. 1 to the coils of all relays, signal lamps to control voltage supply from source No. 1 to the relay coils (hereinafter L1), a packet switch, a plug connector for connecting the voltage supply cable from source No. 1 to the relay coils, a shunt, and the number of toggle switches and signal lamps L1 is equal to the number of relays being tested, and each toggle switch is designed to supply voltage from source No. 1 to the coil of one relay, each signal light L1 is connected in series with one coil relay, through each lamella of the packet switch, one additional circuit is created, parallel to the voltage supply circuit from source No. 1 through the toggle switch to the coil of the relay of the same name, the shunt is connected in series with the relay contacts, the milliammeter is connected to the circuit of the central lamella of the packet switch, the millivoltmeter is connected in parallel with the shunt, variable the resistance is connected in series with the relay contacts, and additionally, parallel to each relay contact, a series-connected signal lamp for monitoring the closure of the relay contacts (hereinafter L2) and a resistor r, a cable for connecting a pair of signal lamp L2 and a resistor r to the contacts of each relay are introduced into the control panel, a plug-in connector for connecting a cable connecting a pair of signal light L2 and resistor r to the contacts of each relay, and the number of pairs of signal light L2 and resistor r is equal to the number of relay contacts, while all

lamps L2 are placed on the front panel of the remote control, and all resistors r are inside the remote control.

The technical result, provided by the given set of features of the claimed device, is to increase the reliability of the fact that the contacts of each relay are closed after the control voltage is applied to the relay coils and, as a result, to reduce the resource consumption of the test equipment, labor costs and time for testing the relay, and save electricity during testing.

A technical solution is proposed for protection by a patent of the Russian Federation - a relay control device 8E123M during reliability testing.

Brief Description of Drawings

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a standard 8E123M relay monitoring device during a reliability test without monitoring the voltage supply to the relay coils and without monitoring the closure of the relay contacts. Here:

T ₁ ,…, T _n - control panel toggle switches, when switched on, voltage is applied to the relay coils;

Р ₁ , ..., P _n - relay coils;

K ₁ ,…, K _n - relay contacts;

R - variable resistance;

Ш - calibrated shunt;

mA - milliammeter;

mV - millivoltmeter;

source No. 1 - a direct current source for supplying voltage to the relay coils;

source No. 2 - a constant current source for supplying voltage to the relay contacts.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the improved, in comparison with the standard, relay control device 8E123M during the reliability test with monitoring the voltage supply to the relay coils, but without monitoring the closure of the relay contacts (patent No. 2665327 dated 10/30/2020). Here: P - packet switch, which are marked with 1, ..., n lamella number;

L ₁ , ..., L _n - signal lamps for controlling the voltage supply to the relay coils.

The rest of the components of the device are the same as in figure 1.

Figure 3 shows the claimed control device of the relay 8E123M when tested for reliability during periodic tests. Here:

L1 ₁ ,…, L1 _n - signal lamps for controlling the voltage supply to the relay coils. These are the same bulbs as L ₁ , ..., L _n in Fig. 2 - lamps for controlling the voltage supply to the relay coils. FIG. 3, index 1 (L1) is additionally introduced for these bulbs, since in the claimed device, signal lights for monitoring the closure of the relay contacts are additionally introduced, for which index 2 (L2) is entered, so that there is unambiguity in the purpose of the bulbs.

L2 ₁ , ..., L2 _n - signal lamps for monitoring the closure of relay contacts;

r ₁ ,…, r _n - damping resistances.

The rest of the components of the claimed device are the same as in the prototype (Fig. 2).

Figure 4 shows the layout of the control and monitoring panel of the 8E123M relay when tested for reliability (without signal lights), prepared for the implementation of the claimed technical solution (Fig. 3). Here:

1 - P123-5 control panel;

2 - toggle switches for supplying voltage to the relay coils;

3 - packet switch for supplying voltage to the relay coils;

4 - plug connector for connecting the voltage supply cable to the relay coils;

5 - cable for supplying voltage to the relay coils;

6 - calibrated shunt 75ShS 75mV;

7 - terminals for connecting a DC power supply No. 1;

8 - terminals for connecting a DC power supply No. 2;

9 - terminals for connecting milliammeter M2038;

10 - terminals for connecting the M2017 millivoltmeter.

Figure 5 shows the claimed control device of the 8E123M relay when tested for reliability during periodic tests. Here:

1 - constant current source No. 1;

2 - constant current source No. 2;

3 - P123-5 control panel;

4 - cable for supplying voltage to the relay coils;

5 - cable for supplying voltage to the relay contacts;

6 - cable for connecting pairs of lamps L2 and resistors g to the relay contacts;

7 - milliammeter М2038;

8 - M2017 millivoltmeter;

9 - variable resistance NF11;

10 - heat chamber in which the tested relays are located.

Implementation of the invention

The declared control device of the relay 8E123M during the reliability test (Fig. 5) contains the first direct current source (source No. 1) 1, the second direct current source (source No. 2) 2, the P123-5 control panel 3, the voltage supply cable to the relay coils 4 , cable for supplying voltage to relay contacts 5, cable for connecting pairs of lamps L2 and resistors r to relay contacts 6, milliammeter M2038 7, millivoltmeter M2017 8, variable resistance NF11 9, heat chamber 10, in which the tested relays are fixed in

a special device, while the console contains a packet switch, signal lamps L1 ₁ , ..., L1 _n control of voltage supply to the relay coils, signal lamps L2 ₁ , ..., L2 _n control of relay contacts closure, toggle switches T ₁ , ..., T _n supply voltage to the relay coils, a plug connector for connecting the voltage supply cable to the relay coils, a plug connector for connecting a cable connecting pairs of lamps L2 and resistors r to the relay contacts, terminals for connecting DC sources No. 1 and No. 2, milliammeter M2038 and millivoltmeter M2017.

At present, a real wiring diagram has been developed and a mock-up of the declared device has been made, with the use of which regular periodic tests of the 8E123M relay were carried out. The use of the device in real tests has shown that it fully provides the claimed technical result and gives a practical effect in comparison with the prototype. The device significantly reduces the measurement time and makes the measurement process very convenient.

The implementation of the claimed technical solution - monitoring the closure of the contacts of each relay when voltage is applied to the relay coils, we will describe using the electrical circuit of the claimed device shown in Fig. 3. The device works as follows.

Initial position. The circuit is assembled as shown in FIG. 3. The wires of the cables are soldered to the relay, the relays are installed in the heat chamber in a special device. Sources of current # 1 and # 2 are turned on and the required values of current and voltage are adjusted. Plug connectors (ШР) of the cables are docked with the control panel ШР. On the panel, the packet switch P is set to position 0, the toggle switches T ₁ , ..., T _{n are} off. Signal lamps L1 ₁ , ... L1 _n are off . Signal lamps L2 ₁ , ..., L2 _{n are} on . Let us explain this.

The signal lamps L1 ₁ , ..., L1 _n are off because the toggle switches T ₁ , ..., T _{n are} off, and the P packet switch is set to position 0.

Therefore, the voltage from source No. 1 does not go to the coils of all relays, which indicates the correctness of the connections of all wires of the part of the control voltage supply circuit to the coils of all relays. Accordingly, the contacts of all relays are open, since the relays did not work.

Signal lamps L2 ₁ , ..., L2 _{n are} on because source No. 2 is on and current flows from it through the circuit: plus of source No. 2 - shunt W - resistance R - resistance r ₁ - light bulb L2 ₁ - then the remaining pairs r and L2 (… R _i L2 _i … r _n L2 _n ) connected in parallel to the relay contacts - minus source # 2. The contacts of all relays are open, therefore, naturally, the current will flow through the L2 lamps and they are on, which indicates that the relays are in good order in their initial state and that all wires of the circuit for supplying voltage to the contacts of all relays are correctly connected.

Thus, the unlit lamps L1 and the burning lamps L2 indirectly control the serviceability of the relay and the correctness of the assembled circuit for testing the relay. Control of the correctness of the assembled test circuit using lamps L1 and L2 is very important, since the relays are placed in a heat chamber in a special device, the chamber is turned on at a temperature of + 85 ° C and it cannot be opened, and the lamps indicate not only that the relay is working properly and that the assembled circuit is correct, but also that the soldering of all connections is reliable. In addition, the lit lamps L ₂ additionally indicate that no voltage is applied to the relay coils, therefore the initial state of the circuit is correct.

Implementation of the claimed invention and the principle of its operation.

The principle of operation of the claimed invention (Relay 8E123M monitoring devices during reliability tests) will be described using the circuit in Fig. 3. After the test circuit is assembled and checked for its correct functioning, turn on the toggle switches T ₁ , ..., T _n in turn. When the toggle switches are turned on, the relay is supplied to all coils

circuit voltage: plus of source No. 1 - switched on toggle switches T ₁ , ..., T _n - lamps L1 ₁ , ..., L1 _n - minus of source No. 1. L1 lamps will light up, which reliably indicates the supply of voltage to the relay coils. All relays will work, their contacts K ₁ ,…, K _n will close. When the contacts are closed, the L2 lamps of the same name go out, since the current from the source No. 2 will flow through the circuit: plus of the source No. 2 - shunt Ш - resistance R - closed contacts of the activated relays - minus source No. 2. The current through pairs r and L2 will not flow, but will flow through the closed contacts, because the resistance of the closed contacts is much less than the resistance of the pair r and L2, so the lamps L2 will go out. The current in the electrical circuit flows at least resistance. It is this effect of the electrical circuit that is used in the claimed technical solution. We turned on the T ₁ toggle switch on the remote control, the L1 lamp lights up (voltage is applied to the coil of the first relay) and the L2 ₁ lamp goes out (the contacts of the first relay are closed), the other L1 lamps do not light up, and the remaining L2 lamps are on. Turn on the T ₂ toggle switch on the remote control, the L1 ₂ light comes _on (voltage is applied to the coil of the second relay) and the L2 ₂ light goes out. Thus, when the next toggle switch T _{i is} turned on on the panel, the lamp L1 _{i of the} same name lights up and the lamp of the same name L2 _i goes out. If the test circuit is assembled correctly, and the soldering of all connections is reliable, then after turning on all the T toggle switches on the panel, all L1 lamps are on (voltage is applied to the coils of all relays), and all L2 lamps are off (the contacts of all relays are closed). When current flows through the shunt Ш, the voltage drops on it and the mV M2017 millivoltmeter will show this voltage, which additionally indicates that the contacts of all relays are closed and current flows through them.

Measuring the current through the hot coil of the relay.

The relay is tested for 500 hours at a temperature of plus 85 ° C. In order not to "burn out" the relay periodically measure the current flowing through the coils of hot

relay. The current is measured with a mA milliammeter, type M2038, connected to the circuit of the central lamella of the packet switch P. When measuring the current through the coil of the first relay P ₁ , first the packet switch is set to position 1 and a circuit for supplying voltage to the coil P ₁ along the circuit is created parallel to the toggle switch T ₁ : source no. 1 - milliammeter mA - central lamella and lamella 1 of the packet switch P - light bulb JI1 ₁ - relay coil P ₁ - minus source no. 1. Lamp L ₁ continues to burn, since the voltage to the relay coil P ₁ is supplied simultaneously through two circuits - through the toggle switch T, and in parallel through the central lamella of the packet switch P. Then the toggle switch T _{1 is} turned off and all the current from source No. 1 will flow only through the mA milliammeter along circuits: plus of source # 1 - mA milliammeter - central lamella of the packet switch - lamella # 1 of the packet switch - lamp L1 ₁ - coil of the first relay P ₁ , minus source # 1. The mA arrow will deflect and read off the current value through the hot coil of the first relay P _{1 from it} . Note that during this measurement, the current through the coil P _{1 was} not interrupted. Therefore, its contacts remained closed and therefore the L2 ₁ lamp did not burn. If, for any reason, the contacts of the relay P ₁ open, then the lamp L2 ₁ will light up.

Then they turn on the T ₁ toggle switch, and set the P packet switch to position 2. In this case, voltage is supplied to the relay P ₂ coil simultaneously through two circuits, as for the P ₁ relay - through the T ₂ toggle switch and through the central lamella of the P packet switch. toggle switch T ₂ and the current for the coil P ₂ will flow only through the milliammeter mA, its arrow will deflect and show the value of the current through the hot coil P ₂ . Note that in this measurement, the current through the coil F ₂ is not interrupted, and therefore all relay contacts are not opened. Therefore, the L1 ₂ lamp continued to burn, and the L2 ₂ lamp remained off. The currents through the coils of the remaining relays are measured in the same way.

Thus, if all the relays are in good working order, and the equipment connection diagram is not broken, then during the entire time of measuring the current through the hot coils, the relays of lamps L1 remain constantly on, and lamps L2 remain permanently off.

The state of the relay and the equipment connection diagram between current measurements is monitored using an mV millivoltmeter, type M2017. With the relays warm and the test circuit unchanged, the millivoltmeter readings will be constant.

The fundamental difference between the claimed device and the prototype consists in the unambiguous establishment of the fact of serviceability of all relays and the unambiguous determination of the number of the faulty relay, in case of its failure during testing due to the additionally introduced pairs of lamp L2 and resistor r, connected in parallel to each contact of the relay. In addition, the state (on, off) of the set of lamps L1 and L2 unambiguously characterizes not only the serviceability of all relays, but also the state of the test circuit. At the same time, the advantage of the prototype remains completely, in comparison with the standard device - the elimination of current interruption through the coils and contacts of all relays by creating additional circuits parallel to the toggle switches by introducing a packet switch, increasing the accuracy of measuring currents through the relay coils due to the constant inclusion of the mA milliammeter in circuit of the central lamella of the packet switch, increasing the reliability of determining the fact of supplying voltage to the relay coils due to the signal lamps L1, included in the circuit in series with the relay coils.

Claims (2)

Relay control device 8E123M during reliability testing, containing a first direct current source, a second direct current source, a remote control, a voltage supply cable from the first direct current source to the relay coils, a voltage supply cable from the second direct current source to the relay contacts, a milliammeter, a millivoltmeter, variable resistance, while the first DC source is configured to supply voltage to the coils of all relays, the second DC source is configured to supply voltage to the contacts of all relays, while the contacts of all relays are connected in series, the console contains toggle switches for supplying voltage from the first DC source current to the coils of all relays, signal lights to control the voltage supply from the first DC source to the relay coils, a packet switch, a plug connector for connecting the voltage supply cable from the first DC source to the relay coils, a shunt, and the number of toggle switches and signal lamps for controlling the voltage supply to the relay coils is equal to the number of tested relays, while each toggle switch is configured to supply voltage from the first direct current source to the coil of one relay, each signal lamp for monitoring voltage supply from the first direct current source to the relay coils is connected in series with one relay coil, one additional circuit is created through each lamella of the packet switch, parallel to the voltage supply circuit from the first DC source through the toggle switch to the coil of the relay of the same name, the shunt is connected in series with the relay contacts, the milliammeter is connected to the circuit of the central lamella of the packet switch, the millivoltmeter is connected parallel to the shunt , variable resistance is connected in series with the relay contacts, characterized in that they are additionally introduced in parallel to each a relay contact is connected in series with a signal lamp for monitoring the closure of relay contacts and a resistor, a cable for connecting a pair, a signal lamp for monitoring the closure of relay contacts and a resistor to the contacts of each relay, a plug connector is additionally introduced into the console to connect a cable for connecting a pair, a signal lamp for monitoring the closure of relay contacts and a resistor to the contacts of each relay, and the number of pairs of a signal lamp for monitoring the closure of relay contacts and a resistor is equal to the number of relay contacts, while all the lamps for monitoring the closure of relay contacts are placed on the front panel of the console, and all resistors are inside the console.

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