TW202003412A - 多層玻璃單元 - Google Patents

多層玻璃單元 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TW202003412A
TW202003412A TW108112909A TW108112909A TW202003412A TW 202003412 A TW202003412 A TW 202003412A TW 108112909 A TW108112909 A TW 108112909A TW 108112909 A TW108112909 A TW 108112909A TW 202003412 A TW202003412 A TW 202003412A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
glass
layer
coating
glass unit
tco
Prior art date
Application number
TW108112909A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
皮耶 施耐德
Original Assignee
比利時商Agc歐洲玻璃公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比利時商Agc歐洲玻璃公司 filed Critical 比利時商Agc歐洲玻璃公司
Publication of TW202003412A publication Critical patent/TW202003412A/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/001General methods for coating; Devices therefor
    • C03C17/002General methods for coating; Devices therefor for flat glass, e.g. float glass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10091Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet thermally hardened
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/3411Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
    • C03C17/3429Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating
    • C03C17/3441Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating comprising carbon, a carbide or oxycarbide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3618Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/other inorganic layers, at least one layer being metallic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3626Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3634Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing carbon, a carbide or oxycarbide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3644Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3657Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
    • C03C17/366Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3681Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6617Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together one of the panes being larger than another
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6621Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together with special provisions for fitting in window frames or to adjacent units; Separate edge protecting strips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/10201Dielectric coatings
    • B32B17/10211Doped dielectric layer, electrically conductive, e.g. SnO2:F
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/1022Metallic coatings
    • B32B17/10229Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10559Shape of the cross-section
    • B32B17/10577Surface roughness
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70Properties of coatings
    • C03C2217/77Coatings having a rough surface
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/90Other aspects of coatings
    • C03C2217/94Transparent conductive oxide layers [TCO] being part of a multilayer coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/90Other aspects of coatings
    • C03C2217/94Transparent conductive oxide layers [TCO] being part of a multilayer coating
    • C03C2217/944Layers comprising zinc oxide
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/90Other aspects of coatings
    • C03C2217/94Transparent conductive oxide layers [TCO] being part of a multilayer coating
    • C03C2217/948Layers comprising indium tin oxide [ITO]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2218/00Methods for coating glass
    • C03C2218/30Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
    • C03C2218/365Coating different sides of a glass substrate

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本發明係關於一種多層玻璃單元,其包含兩個最外層玻璃板及至少一個內層玻璃板,其中至少兩個中間充氣腔各自處於兩個玻璃板之間,該至少一個內層玻璃板在一個面上帶有一個基於金屬之隔絕塗層,且在相對面上帶有一個基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層。本發明進一步關於一種裝配此類多層玻璃單元之方法。

Description

多層玻璃單元
本發明係關於一種多層玻璃單元,其包含至少三個利用間隔件保持分開之玻璃板,其中至少兩個中間充氣腔各自處於兩個玻璃板之間,該玻璃單元包含在其兩個面上帶有隔絕塗層之內層玻璃板。
更特定言之,本發明係關於一種三層玻璃單元,其包含三個利用間隔件保持分開之玻璃板,其中兩個中間充氣腔各自處於兩個板之間,該玻璃單元包含在其兩個面上帶有隔絕塗層之內層中間玻璃板。
出於本發明之描述目的,將能夠作用於太陽輻射及/或長波紅外輻射之功能性塗層稱為隔絕塗層。此類隔絕塗層通常包含按順序沈積於玻璃片上之一或多個單獨層。在本文中,膜,例如介電膜或保護膜,可包含單層或一組兩層或更多層,其中此膜之該等層滿足此膜之至少一個共同功能或目的。
本發明亦關於在板的兩面上帶有隔絕塗層的板之用途,其用來製造隔熱及/或遮陽之多層玻璃單元。
此等多層玻璃單元可以同樣很好地用於裝配至建築物及運輸裝置中,尤其為了減少空調負荷及/或防止過度過熱(該玻璃因而被稱為「太陽光控制」玻璃)及/或降低由於不斷增加的玻璃表面之使用,在建築物及乘客艙中逸散至外部之能量的量(該玻璃被稱為「低-E」或「低輻射」玻璃)。一般而言,將多層玻璃單元整合至殼體中(例如,建築物之牆壁),以將殼體之內部與殼體之外部分隔開。
高效能隔絕塗層當今通常為多層之堆疊,其中功能層,亦即主要負責作用於太陽輻射及/或長波紅外輻射之層,為金屬功能層。眾所周知,此類基於金屬之隔絕塗層係隔絕塗層之標準選擇,以獲得最佳之光能效能,無論其係用於太陽光控制效能抑或用於低輻射效能。基於金屬功能層之此等隔絕塗層可包含一或多個金屬功能層,例如兩個或三個金屬功能層,尤其基於銀或基於含銀金屬合金之金屬功能層。在此類型之基於金屬之隔絕塗層中,每一功能層處於兩個介電膜之間,每一介電膜通常包含若干層,其各自由氮化物類型(且尤其氮化矽或氮化鋁)或氧化物類型或氮氧化物類型之介電材料製成。自光學觀點來看,位於該金屬功能層側面之此等膜之目的為「抗反射」此金屬功能層及控制經塗佈之玻璃在透射及反射中之顏色。此等相同或其他額外層可用於滿足其他功能而存在,諸如用於耐久性或用於增加吸收。有時在一或每個介電膜與金屬功能層之間插入阻擋層或接觸層,該阻擋層置放於功能層下面,面向板,在視情況選用之彎曲及/或回火類型之高溫熱處理期間保護該功能層,且在沈積上部介電膜期間及在視情況選用之彎曲及/或回火類型之高溫熱處理期間,置放於板之相對側之功能層上的阻擋層保護此層免於任何劣化。
在包含三個或超過三個玻璃板之高效能多層玻璃結構中,形成玻璃之最外層玻璃板之一或兩個板通常在面向中間充氣腔之側上帶有基於金屬之隔絕塗層。舉例而言,在三層玻璃結構中,當考慮到太陽光按面的數字遞增次序穿過該等面的入射方向時,以由數字1表示之最外層面開始,帶有隔絕膜之板可能在面2上或在面5上。
然而,難以(有時甚至不可能)將多層玻璃之最外層玻璃板上之此類基於金屬之隔絕塗層與其他功能組合在同一面上,諸如電致變色或熱致變色功能。另外,此類基於金屬之隔絕塗層與搪瓷層的組合(其可用於美觀性目的)為複雜的,且通常需要在施加搪瓷之前移除隔絕塗層或需要在將隔絕塗層沈積於玻璃薄板上時使用遮罩。對於白色搪瓷尤其如此。
在多層玻璃結構中,內層、中層玻璃板或內層玻璃板中之一者(若存在多於一個)亦可帶有隔絕塗層。舉例而言,在三層玻璃結構中,中間板可在面3上或在面4上帶有隔絕塗層。此使得最外層玻璃板免於帶有隔絕塗層,從而可以應用其他功能,諸如搪瓷、電致變色或熱致變色塗層。然而,此類玻璃一般展示比在兩個最外層玻璃板上具有塗層之玻璃更低的光能效能。
因此,在此項技術中需要具有三個或超過三個玻璃板及改良的光能效能且在最外層玻璃板上無任何隔絕塗層之多層玻璃。
特定言之,本發明之目標為彌補所提到之缺點及解決技術問題,亦即提供具有可接受之光能效能且在最外層玻璃板上不帶有隔絕塗層之多層玻璃單元。
本發明人已發現,包含至少三個玻璃板、在最外層玻璃板上無隔絕塗層之多層玻璃單元之光能效能可藉由在同一內層玻璃板之相對面上組合隔絕塗層來改良。然而,在兩個隔絕塗層中之一者上似乎出現不可接受的刮痕。實際上,他們偶然發現了如下問題:在任何經典多層玻璃裝配線中,玻璃板在輸送機上以傾斜且幾乎垂直之位置行進。因此,所裝配之各玻璃板之一個面必定與此輸送機之旋轉支撐元件,例如滾筒接觸。在常見的多層玻璃中,此不造成任何問題,因為玻璃板之未塗佈側將與滾筒接觸。然而,許多基於金屬之隔絕塗層因與旋轉支撐元件接觸而受損,且當一或多個旋轉支撐元件(例如一或多個滾筒)經阻擋(此為此等輸送機上之常見故障)時,所有經測試之基於金屬之隔絕塗層均受損。
出人意料地發現,使用兩個不帶有隔絕塗層之最外層板,以及使用在兩個面上帶有隔絕塗層之內層玻璃板(在一個面上帶有基於金屬之隔絕塗層且在另一面上帶有基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層),可製造具有可接受之光能效能的包含至少三個玻璃板之多層玻璃,且尤其三層玻璃。實際上已發現,可在多層玻璃裝配線上傳輸此內層玻璃板,其中基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層抵靠滾筒,而不在此塗層中造成任何可見刮痕,即使在諸如滾筒之旋轉支撐元件被阻擋時亦如此。
因此,本發明之目標為藉由提供多層玻璃單元來解決上文所呈現之問題,該多層玻璃單元包含至少三個利用間隔件保持分開之玻璃板,亦即兩個最外層玻璃板及至少一個內層玻璃板,其中至少兩個中間充氣腔各自處於兩個玻璃板之間,該至少一個內層玻璃板在一個面上帶有一個基於金屬之隔絕塗層,且在相對面上帶有一個基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層。
此外,在多層玻璃單元中,一面上的一個基於金屬之隔絕塗層及相對面上的一個基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層在至少一個內層玻璃板上的組合同時使得隔絕特性改良。
應注意,本發明係關於所描述之實施例的所有可能組合及申請專利範圍中敍述之特徵的所有可能組合。
在其所有實施例中,本發明之多層玻璃單元包含至少三個玻璃板,即使並非始終明確陳述。
根據一實施例,本發明之多層玻璃單元包含至少三個玻璃板,亦即兩個最外層玻璃板及至少一個內層玻璃板,其中該至少一個內層玻璃板在其一個面上帶有基於金屬之隔絕塗層,且在其相對面上帶有基於透明導電氧化物(基於TCO)之隔絕塗層。
根據一實施例,本發明之多層玻璃單元為三層玻璃單元,其包含兩個最外層玻璃板及一個內層玻璃板,其中內層玻璃板在其一個面上帶有基於金屬之隔絕塗層,且在其相對面上帶有基於透明導電氧化物(基於TCO)之隔絕塗層。
根據本發明之一實施例,本發明之多層玻璃單元之最外層玻璃板中之一或兩者不帶有隔絕塗層。
根據另一實施例,本發明之多層玻璃單元在其最外層玻璃板之一或兩者的至少部分上,另外包含選自以下各者之塗層:太陽光控制塗層、搪瓷塗層、油漆塗層、電致變色塗層或熱致變色塗層。在本發明之一特定實施例中,將此塗層置放於最外層玻璃板中面向中間充氣腔之面上。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於金屬之隔絕塗層包含n個紅外反射金屬功能層及n+1個介電膜之交替配置,其中n>1,使得各功能層由介電膜包圍。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於金屬之隔絕塗層可包含一個、兩個或三個紅外反射金屬功能層。特定言之,基於金屬之隔絕塗層可包含銀或含銀金屬合金之金屬功能層,或可基本上由銀組成。替代地,金屬功能層可包含金或銅。特定言之,基於金屬之隔絕塗層提供法向發射率為0.1或更小,較佳0.08或更小且極有利0.05或更小之玻璃板。
根據本發明之實施例,基於金屬之隔絕塗層的每一紅外反射金屬功能層可由兩個介電膜包圍,該兩個介電膜各自通常包含一或多個介電層。介電層可包含氮化物、氧化物或氮氧化物。特定言之,介電質可包含矽、鋁、錫、鋅、鈦、鋯或鈮之氮化物、氧化物或氮氧化物。此外,介電層可包含矽、鋁、錫、鋅、鈦、鋯或鈮之氮化物、氧化物或氮氧化物中之兩者或超過兩者之混合物。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於金屬之隔絕塗層之各紅外反射金屬功能層可與一或多個接觸層直接接觸,例如包含視情況摻雜有鋁或鎵之氧化鋅,或包含鈦、鎳、鉻、鈀、鎢或鈮,或包含鈦、鎳、鉻、鈀、鎢或鈮之氧化物或次氧化物,或包含鈦、鎳、鉻、鈀、鎢或鈮之氮化物或氮氧化物。在本發明之一替代性實施例中,至少一個接觸層包含鋅氧化物與選自包含以下之群的至少兩種元素之組合:鈦、鋁、銦、鎵、釩、鉬、鎂、鉻、鋯、銅、矽或其類似元素,其中該至少一個接觸層在至少一個紅外反射功能層上方或下方,且與該至少一個紅外反射功能層直接接觸。在本發明中,「與……直接接觸」應理解為意謂無中間層插入於所提及之兩個層之間。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於金屬之隔絕塗層可進一步包含吸收層,該吸收層例如插入介電膜中或在介電膜下方或上方。其亦可包含用於化學及/或機械耐久性之最上部保護膜。該最上部保護膜可包含含氮化矽層,且在基於氮化矽之層上可進一步包含含鈦氧化物及/或鋯氧化物之層。
根據本發明之一實施例,該基於金屬之隔絕塗層包含2個紅外反射金屬功能層與3個介電膜之交替配置,使得每一功能層由介電膜包圍,且障壁層直接疊加於離基板最遠之最後一個功能層上,其中: (i)最接近基板之第一介電膜包含由氧化物製成之層,其與該基板直接接觸, (ii)該內部介電膜或由兩個功能層包圍之塗層包含厚度大於5 nm且由氮化矽或氧化矽製成之層,其兩側由厚度大於5 nm且由除氧化矽外之氧化物製成的層包圍, (iii)障壁層係基於氧化鋅或由可能摻雜有錫之氧化銦組成,且 (iv)離基板最遠之最後一個介電膜以自該基板開始之次序包含:厚度大於3 nm且由除氧化矽外之氧化物製成之層,及厚度大於10 nm且由氮化矽或氧化矽製成之層。
視基於金屬之隔絕塗層之性質而定,刪除塗層邊緣可能為有用的,從而確保內層玻璃板與間隔件之良好黏著,及/或避免塗層之劣化。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於透明導電氧化物(基於TCO)之隔絕塗層可包含選自以下之紅外反射透明導電氧化物層(TCO層):混合氧化銦錫(ITO),尤其In2 O3 /SnO2 質量比為90/10或更大之ITO;摻雜有氟(SnO2 :F)、尤其摻雜有0.5至2原子%氟或摻雜有銻(Sb)之氧化錫;摻雜有鋁之ZnO (AZO);摻雜有鎵之ZnO (GZO);共摻雜有鎵及鋁之ZnO (AGZO);及摻雜有鈮之氧化鈦(TiO2 :Nb)。特定言之,基於TCO之隔絕塗層提供法向發射率為0.7或更小、0.5或更小、0.4或更小或0.15或更小之玻璃板。特定言之,本發明之基於TCO之隔絕塗層不含金屬層。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於TCO之隔絕塗層可進一步在玻璃板與TCO層之間包含虹彩抑制膜。特定言之,虹彩抑制膜包含至少一個在550 nm波長下折射率在1.7與2.5之間的層。特定言之,虹彩抑制膜包含至少一個在550 nm波長下折射率在1.7與2.5之間的層,其選自含氧化鈦之層;基於氮化物之層(尤其包含氮化矽及/或氮化鋁);含氧化錫之層;氧化矽與氧化錫、碳化矽或氧化鈦之混合層。特定言之,虹彩抑制膜包含至少一個在550 nm波長下折射率在1.4與1.68之間的層。特定言之,虹彩抑制膜包含至少一個在550 nm波長下折射率在1.4與1.68之間的層,其包含或基本上包含氧化矽。氧化矽層可方便地摻雜有鋁。
在本發明之一特定實施例中,虹彩抑制膜如自板表面計起依序包含:在550 nm波長下折射率在1.7與2.5之間的第一層及在550 nm波長下折射率在1.4與1.68之間的第二層。在一實施例中,第一層選自含氧化鈦之層、基於氮化物之層(尤其包含氮化矽及/或氮化鋁)、含氧化錫之層、氧化矽與氧化錫或氧化鈦之混合層,或碳氧化矽(SiOxCy)之層,且第二層包含氧化矽或基本上由氧化矽組成。
選擇虹彩抑制膜中之一或多個層之厚度,以便使塗佈有基於TCO之隔絕層的玻璃板之反射中之顏色儘可能為中性,其中CIELAB顏色座標a*及b*儘可能接近0,自一角度看時亦如此。
額外層可沈積於TCO層上方,以用於提高化學抗性或機械抗性,此尤其可為含氮化矽之層,及/或用於降低反射率及/或提高透射率,尤其能量透射率,此尤其可為含氧化矽之層。
關於各層在層堆疊中之相對位置,本說明書中的術語「在……上方」及「在……下方」意謂「在另一層上方」之層以各層自玻璃開始更遠離玻璃的順序安置,而「在另一層下方」之層以各層自玻璃開始更接近玻璃的順序安置。
在例示性實施例中,基於TCO之隔絕塗層自玻璃起依次包括以下各層: /氮化矽/氧化矽/ITO/視情況選用之氮化矽/氧化矽,額外中間層可能插入於此等各種層之間;或 玻璃/氧化矽或碳氧化矽/SnO2 :F/視情況選用之氧化矽,額外中間層可能插入此等各種層之間,或 玻璃/氧化錫/氧化矽/SnO2 :F/視情況選用之氧化矽。
使用氧化矽層作為基於TCO之隔絕塗層中之最後一層有趣地減少了玻璃之可見光的反射。當存在時,最頂部氧化矽層之厚度可在40至90 nm範圍內。
本發明亦關於一種能夠用於形成如上文所描述之多層玻璃單元之內板壁的玻璃板,該玻璃板之一個面上併有基於金屬之隔絕塗層,且其相對面上併有基於TCO之隔絕塗層。
本發明之另一主題為諸如上文所描述之玻璃板在製造多層玻璃單元中之用途,該玻璃板形成該玻璃單元之內層玻璃板。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於金屬之隔絕塗層的一或多個紅外反射金屬功能層具有在6至16 nm範圍內之物理厚度。特定言之,基於金屬之隔絕塗層的每一紅外反射金屬功能層的物理厚度在6 nm至16 nm範圍內。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於TCO之隔絕塗層包含厚度在50至800 nm範圍內之TCO。
根據本發明之一實施例,基於金屬之隔絕塗層之一或多個紅外反射金屬功能層的物理厚度在6至16 nm範圍內,且基於TCO之隔絕塗層包含厚度在50至800 nm範圍內之TCO。
特定言之,基於金屬之隔絕塗層的一或多個紅外反射金屬功能層之物理厚度在8至15 nm範圍內,且基於TCO之隔絕塗層包含厚度在80至350 nm範圍內之TCO。
在另一特定實施例中,基於金屬之隔絕塗層的一或多個紅外反射金屬功能層之物理厚度在10至12 nm範圍內,且基於TCO之隔絕塗層包含厚度在50至250 nm範圍內之TCO。
在另一特定實施例中,基於金屬之隔絕塗層的一或多個紅外反射金屬功能層之物理厚度在12 nm至16 nm範圍內,且基於TCO之隔絕塗層包含厚度在100 nm至450 nm範圍內之TCO。
在本發明之一實施例中,基於TCO之隔絕塗層包含單個碳氧化矽之虹彩抑制層,其在550 nm波長下之折射率在1.65至1.75範圍內,且厚度在40與180 nm之間;及摻雜有氟之氧化錫的TCO層,其厚度在150至800 nm之範圍內。在一特定實施例中,此碳氧化矽層之厚度在50至120 nm之範圍內,且摻雜有氟之氧化錫層之厚度在150 nm至350 nm之範圍內。基於TCO之隔絕塗層自玻璃開始可包含例如以下順序之層:SnO2 (30 nm) / SiO2 (30 nm) / SnO2 :F (370 nm)。
本發明之隔絕塗層可利用此項技術中熟知之沈積方法(諸如磁控濺鍍、化學氣相沈積(CVD)或電漿增強化學氣相沈積)沈積於玻璃板上。特定言之,使用磁控濺鍍沈積基於金屬之隔絕塗層。可使用磁控濺鍍沈積基於TCO之隔絕塗層。當TCO層係基於氧化錫時,優先使用化學氣相沈積來沈積隔絕塗層。已發現,與磁控濺鍍塗層相比,化學氣相沈積之基於TCO之隔絕塗層為結晶質且更具機械抗性。亦發現,具有小於12 nm、甚至小於7 nm且甚至小於5 nm的平均粗糙度Rq之基於TCO之隔絕層在處置期間對刮痕甚至更不敏感。在一尤其適用之實施例中,基於TCO之隔絕塗層藉由化學氣相沈積進行沈積,且隨後拋光以將其表面粗糙度降至小於12 nm、甚至小於7 nm或甚至小於5 nm之平均粗糙度Rq。
粗糙度值Rq為高度z相對於平均高度z̅之差值的均方根粗糙度。根據下式,藉由原子力顯微術(AFM)在10×10 µm2 之面積上評估高度輪廓,其中N=512條線,且M=512個量測點:
Figure 02_image001
表述「玻璃板」在本發明中應理解為意謂單個玻璃片或玻璃片之裝配件,尤其使用此項技術中熟知之技術利用聚合物夾層(尤其聚乙烯醇縮丁醛(PVB)夾層)接合在一起以形成稱為層合結構物之兩個玻璃片。
根據本發明之一實施例,兩個最外層玻璃板中之至少一者為兩個玻璃片之裝配件。根據本發明之一特定實施例,兩個最外層玻璃板中之至少一者為兩個玻璃片之裝配件,其中搪瓷塗層沈積於該等玻璃片中之一者的與聚合物夾層接觸之面上。此具有以下優勢:與外部接觸之玻璃片可選自如下玻璃:其顏色不影響如自外部看到的搪瓷塗層之顏色,且與中間充氣空間接觸之玻璃片可選自任何可用之顏色,而不會影響如自外部看到的搪瓷塗層之顏色。
在本發明之一實施例中,至少一個內層玻璃板為兩個玻璃片之裝配件。基於金屬之隔絕塗層及基於TCO之隔絕塗層則在各玻璃片之面向中間充氣空間且不面向聚合物夾層之面上。此具有以下優點:兩個隔絕塗層中無一者需要沈積於玻璃片之錫側上。玻璃片之錫側,亦即玻璃片之已與玻璃浮子之錫浴接觸之側面可能影響塗層均勻性、化學穩定性或熱穩定性,且因此會產生缺陷。
本發明之任何玻璃板係由玻璃製成,其基質組成不受特別限制,且因此可屬於不同玻璃類別。該玻璃可為鈉鈣矽酸鹽玻璃、鋁矽酸鹽玻璃、無鹼玻璃、硼矽酸鹽玻璃等。本發明之玻璃板較佳係由鈉鈣玻璃或鋁矽酸鹽玻璃製成。
根據本發明之一尤其適用的實施例,兩個最外層玻璃板中之至少一者具有91%至92%之高透光率(根據標準EN410量測)。另外或單獨地,至少一個內層玻璃板具有91%至92%之高透光率(根據標準EN410量測)。
根據本發明之一實施例,玻璃板具有組合物,該組合物包含含量表示為玻璃總重量之百分比的以下各者: SiO2 55 - 85% Al2 O3 0 - 30% B2 O3 0 - 20% Na2 O 0 - 25% CaO 0 - 20% MgO 0 - 15% K2 O 0 - 20% BaO 0 - 20%。
在一較佳方式中,玻璃板具有組合物,該組合物包含含量表示為玻璃總重量之百分比的以下各者: SiO2 55 - 78% Al2 O3 0 - 18% B2 O3 0 - 18% Na2 O 5 - 20% CaO 0 - 10% MgO 0 - 10% K2 O 0 - 10% BaO 0 - 5%。
在一更佳方式中,玻璃板具有組合物,該組合物包含含量表示為玻璃總重量之百分比的以下各者: SiO2 65 - 78% Al2 O3 0 - 6% B2 O3 0 - 4% CaO 0 - 10% MgO 0 - 10% Na2 O 5 - 20% K2 O 0 - 10% BaO 0 - 5%。
此類鈉鈣型基礎玻璃組合物具有便宜的優點,即使其本身機械抗性較低。
理想情況下,根據此最後一個實施例,該玻璃組合物不包含B2 O3 (意謂其並非有意添加的,但可以不合需要之雜質之形式以極低的量存在)。
在一替代性更佳方式中,玻璃板具有組合物,該組合物包含含量表示為玻璃總重量之百分比的以下各者: SiO2 55 - 70% Al2 O3 6 - 18% B2 O3 0 - 4% CaO 0 - 10% MgO 0 - 10% Na2 O 5 - 20% K2 O 0 - 10% BaO 0 - 5%。
此類鋁矽酸鹽型基礎玻璃組合物具有機械抗性更高的優點,但其比鈉鈣更昂貴。
理想情況下,根據此最後一個實施例,該玻璃組合物不包含B2 O3 (意謂其並非有意添加的,但可以不合需要之雜質之形式以極低的量存在)。
根據本發明之一有利實施例,可與先前關於基礎玻璃組合物之實施例組合,任何玻璃板具有包含總鐵含量(以Fe2 O3 表示)在0.002至0.06重量%範圍內之組合物。小於或等於0.06重量%之低總鐵含量(以Fe2 O3 形式表示)使得有可能獲得如下玻璃板:其具有高透射率,幾乎無可見著色且允許美學設計中之高度靈活性(例如,在智慧型電話之一些玻璃元件之白色絲網印刷時不出現變形)。最小值使得有可能不會過度損害玻璃之成本,因為此類低鐵值常常需要昂貴的高純度起始材料。該組合物較佳包含在0.002重量%至0.04重量%範圍內之總鐵含量(以Fe2 O3 形式表示)。該組合物更佳包含在0.002重量%至0.02重量%範圍內之總鐵含量(以Fe2 O3 形式表示)。在最佳實施例中,該組合物包含在0.002重量%至0.015重量%範圍內之總鐵含量(以Fe2 O3 形式表示)。
根據一較佳實施例,本發明之玻璃板為浮法玻璃板。術語「浮法玻璃板」應理解為意謂藉由浮法形成之玻璃板,其為此項技術中所熟知。
根據本發明之多層玻璃單元之任何玻璃板的厚度可為0.1至25 mm。有利地是,根據本發明之玻璃板較佳具有2至10 mm之厚度。
本發明亦關於一種多層玻璃單元,其中加熱強化或回火一或多個玻璃板。所有先前所描述之實施例亦適用於熱強化或回火玻璃板之本發明。
如在所有多層玻璃單元中所常用,本發明之多層玻璃單元中之至少三個玻璃板位於彼此平行之不同平面中。圍封於至少三個板之兩個玻璃之間的至少兩個中間充氣腔中之任何一或多者之厚度可在6至30 mm之範圍內,視隔絕需求及玻璃板間之額外元件(例如結構或機械元件)之整合而定。中間充氣腔之此厚度對應於圍封其之兩個玻璃板之間的距離。本發明之多層玻璃單元之玻璃板可藉由一個單一間隔件固持在適當位置,該間隔件跨越兩個最外層玻璃板之間的整個距離。本發明之多層玻璃單元之玻璃板亦可藉由單獨間隔件固持在適當位置,該等間隔件在圍封中間充氣腔之任何兩個玻璃板之間。
在本發明之一實施例中,多層玻璃單元之所有玻璃板具有相同的長度及寬度尺寸。在本發明之一替代性實施例中,多層玻璃單元之至少一個內層玻璃板具有比兩個最外層玻璃板中之至少一者更小之長度及/或寬度尺寸。特定言之,多層玻璃單元之至少一個內層玻璃板具有比兩個最外層玻璃板更小之長度及/或寬度尺寸。藉此,在兩個最外層玻璃板之間沿多個玻璃單元之至少一個邊緣產生間隙,在該間隙中可置放不同機械元件。此等機械元件可為結構元件及/或打開或滑動機構元件。此等機械元件可完全或至少部分地定位於該間隙內。
在本發明之多層玻璃單元之任何實施例中,兩個最外層玻璃板可具有或不具有相同的長度及寬度尺寸。面向殼體之外部的最外層玻璃板可比面向殼體之內部的最外層玻璃片具有更小的長度及/或寬度尺寸。面向殼體之外部的最外層玻璃板可比面向殼體之內部的最外層玻璃片具有更大的長度及/或寬度之尺寸。
現將僅藉助於實例以及一些並非根據本發明之比較實例來進一步描述本發明之實施例。以下實例出於說明之目的而提供,且並不意欲限制本發明之範疇。
熟習此項技術者意識到本發明決不限於上文所描述之較佳實施例。相反,在隨附申請專利範圍之範疇內的許多修改及變化係可能的。
本發明之細節及有利特徵將自以下非限制性圖式及實例變得清晰。
圖1展示根據本發明之多層玻璃單元之一實施例之示意性截面,該多層玻璃單元包含兩個最外層玻璃板104、107及一個內層玻璃板101。兩個最外層玻璃板與內層玻璃板分離,利用間隔件109牢固地固持在適當位置且面向內層玻璃板,間隔件109利用密封劑110以及利用視情況選用之結構密封劑108緊固至玻璃板,該裝配件限定兩個中間充氣腔105及106。根據本發明,氣體可為空氣或氬氣或氪氣或此等氣體之混合物。
內層玻璃板101在一個面上帶有基於金屬之隔絕塗層102,且在相對面上帶有基於TCO之隔絕塗層103。
兩個最外層玻璃板104、107不帶有隔絕塗層,但可帶有未展示之其他功能性塗層。
視其預期用途而定,最外層玻璃片可朝向建築物或運輸裝置之外部轉向。
圖2展示多層玻璃單元之一實施例之下半部之示意性截面,該多層玻璃單元包含兩個最外層玻璃板204、207及一個內層玻璃板201。兩個最外層玻璃板與內層玻璃板分離,利用間隔件209牢固地固持在適當位置且面向內層玻璃板,間隔件209利用密封劑210以及利用結構密封劑208緊固至玻璃板,裝配件限定兩個中間充氣腔205及206。根據本發明,氣體可為空氣或氬氣或氪氣或此等氣體之混合物。
內層玻璃板201在一個面上帶有基於金屬之隔絕塗層202,且在相對面上帶有基於TCO之隔絕塗層203。出於美學目的,兩個最外層玻璃板204、207帶有圍繞玻璃板邊緣之搪瓷塗層213,搪瓷塗層213遮住機械元件211(其可為結構元件及/或打開或滑動機構元件)及周圍空氣空間212。兩個最外層玻璃板204、207不帶有隔絕塗層。
該結構元件可(例如)提供彎曲剛度改良。其可存在於玻璃之邊緣中之至少一者上,圍封於兩個最外層玻璃板之間。其亦可由用於玻璃之滑動、傾斜或旋轉機構替換。
本發明進一步關於一種裝配多層玻璃單元、特定言之三層玻璃單元之方法,該方法包含: 提供第一最外層玻璃板, 提供內層玻璃板, 提供第二最外層玻璃板, 在輸送機上傳輸該第一最外層玻璃板、該內層玻璃板以及第二最外層玻璃板, 其特徵在於該內層玻璃板在一個面上帶有一個基於金屬之隔絕塗層且在相對面上帶有一個基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層,且該內層玻璃板以該帶有該基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層之面與該輸送機接觸的狀態在該輸送機上傳輸。
本發明尤其關於用於裝配根據上文所描述之本發明之多層玻璃單元之任何一或多個實施例的多層玻璃單元之此方法,特定言之關於玻璃板之特徵。該方法可進一步包括提供用於定位置放至少三個玻璃板之單一間隔件。該方法亦可包括提供用於定位至少三個玻璃板之至少兩個間隔件。該方法可進一步包含在兩個最外層玻璃板之間的間隙中提供機械元件。實例
表1列舉根據本發明之若干三層玻璃單元(TGU)。
TGU包含兩個最外層玻璃板,亦即與安裝TGU之建築物或運輸裝置之外部接觸的一個外部最外層玻璃板(EXT)及與安裝TGU之建築物或運輸裝置之內部接觸的一個內部最外層玻璃板(INT)。最外層玻璃板不帶有隔絕塗層。
該等實例展示在內層玻璃板(INN)之一個面上的基於金屬之隔絕塗層(金屬1、金屬2)及在內層玻璃板之相對面上的基於TCO之隔絕塗層(TCO1、TCO2、TCO3)之不同可能組合。隔絕塗層可置放於內層玻璃板上之面3(IC pos3)上或面4(IC pos4)上。在所有實例中,中間充氣腔(CAV)填充有90/10之氬氣/空氣混合物,且可取決於所使用之間隔件而具有不同厚度。
習知地,自建築物外部起,將三層玻璃單元之各面編號。三層玻璃單元因此包含6個面,面1位於建築物外部且為與外部接觸之外部最外層玻璃板的面。面6在建築物內部且為與內部接觸之內部最外層玻璃板的面。各別的最外層玻璃板之面2及5在三層玻璃單元內部,各自面向充氣腔。面3為內層玻璃板中轉向外部之面,且面4為內層玻璃板中轉向建築物內部之面。
表2展示用不同例示性TGU獲得之光能特性。TL為根據標準EN410-2011藉由施照體D65/2°量測之透光率,日射穿透因數(SF)根據標準EN410-2011量測,玻璃U值Ug根據標準EN673-2011測定。內層玻璃板上之一個面上的一個基於金屬之隔絕塗層與相對面上之一個基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層的組合產生尤其低的U值,在沒有基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層的情況下,在相同的多層玻璃結構中將會獲得約1之U值。
表1
Figure 108112909-A0304-0001
表3提供關於用於實例之玻璃類型及塗層類型之進一步解釋。
表2
Figure 108112909-A0304-0002
表3
Figure 108112909-A0304-0003
所有實例均達到可接受之光能效能。用TCO2及TCO3獲得略微更好的隔熱特性及較高透射率。
已發現,在多層玻璃裝配線上處理期間,使用TCO3之實例尤其對刮痕外觀具有抗性。亦在多層玻璃裝配線上測試摻雜有鋁之氧化鋅及ITO之磁控濺鍍透明導電氧化物之運輸。已證明,其比基於金屬之隔絕層的刮擦更少,但比化學氣相沈積之透明導電氧化物更敏感。
101‧‧‧內層玻璃板 102‧‧‧基於金屬之隔絕塗層 103‧‧‧基於TCO之隔絕塗層 104‧‧‧最外層玻璃板 105‧‧‧中間充氣腔 106‧‧‧中間充氣腔 107‧‧‧最外層玻璃板 108‧‧‧結構密封劑 109‧‧‧間隔件 110‧‧‧密封劑 201‧‧‧內層玻璃板 202‧‧‧基於金屬之隔絕塗層 203‧‧‧基於TCO之隔絕塗層 204‧‧‧最外層玻璃板 205‧‧‧中間充氣腔 206‧‧‧中間充氣腔 207‧‧‧最外層玻璃板 208‧‧‧結構密封劑 209‧‧‧間隔件 210‧‧‧密封劑 211‧‧‧機械元件 212‧‧‧周圍空氣空間 213‧‧‧搪瓷塗層
1 為根據本發明之某些實施例的多層玻璃之示意性橫截面側視圖。
2 為根據本發明之某些實施例的多層玻璃之示意性橫截面,部分剖開之側視圖。
101‧‧‧內層玻璃板
102‧‧‧基於金屬之隔絕塗層
103‧‧‧基於TCO之隔絕塗層
104‧‧‧最外層玻璃板
105‧‧‧中間充氣腔
106‧‧‧中間充氣腔
107‧‧‧最外層玻璃板
108‧‧‧結構密封劑
109‧‧‧間隔件
110‧‧‧密封劑

Claims (20)

  1. 一種多層玻璃單元,其包含至少三個玻璃板,亦即兩個最外層玻璃板及至少一個內層玻璃板,其中至少兩個中間充氣腔各自處於兩個玻璃板之間,其特徵在於該至少一個內層玻璃板在一個面上帶有一個基於金屬之隔絕塗層,且在相對面上帶有一個基於透明導電氧化物(TCO)之隔絕塗層。
  2. 如請求項1之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於金屬之隔絕塗層包含n個紅外反射金屬功能層及n+1個介電膜之交替配置,其中n>1,使得各功能層由介電膜包圍。
  3. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於TCO之隔絕塗層包含選自以下之TCO層:混合氧化銦錫、摻雜有氟之氧化錫、摻雜有銻之氧化錫、摻雜有鋁之ZnO、摻雜有鎵之ZnO、共摻雜有鎵及鋁之ZnO及摻雜有鈮之氧化鈦(TiO2 :Nb)。
  4. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於TCO之塗層具有小於12 nm之平均粗糙度Rq。
  5. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於TCO之塗層包含TCO層及在該玻璃板與該TCO層之間的虹彩抑制膜。
  6. 如請求項5之多層玻璃單元,其中該虹彩抑制膜包含在550 nm波長下折射率在1.7與2.5之間的至少一個層。
  7. 如請求項5之多層玻璃單元,其中該虹彩抑制膜如自該板表面計起依序包含:在550 nm波長下折射率在1.7與2.5之間的第一層及在550 nm波長下折射率在1.4與1.68之間的第二層。
  8. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於TCO之塗層包含TCO層及位於該TCO層上方的選自氮化矽或氧化矽之層。
  9. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於TCO之塗層包含TCO層及在該TCO層上方且厚度在40至90 nm範圍內之氧化矽層。
  10. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該多層玻璃單元在其最外層玻璃板之一或兩者之至少部分上包含選自以下各者之塗層:太陽光控制塗層、搪瓷塗層、油漆塗層、電致變色塗層或熱致變色塗層。
  11. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該兩個最外層玻璃板中之至少一者由利用至少一個聚合物夾層層壓的至少兩個玻璃片形成。
  12. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該多層玻璃單元之該至少一個內層玻璃板具有比該兩個最外層玻璃板中之至少一者小的長度及/或寬度尺寸。
  13. 如請求項12之多層玻璃單元,其中該多層玻璃單元之該至少一個內層玻璃板具有比該兩個最外層玻璃板小的長度及/或寬度尺寸,且其中該多層玻璃單元進一步包含沿著該多層玻璃單元之至少一個邊緣在該兩個最外層玻璃板之間的間隙,且至少一個選自結構元件及打開或滑動機構元件的機械元件至少部分地安置於該間隙內。
  14. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中根據標準EN410所量測,該兩個最外層玻璃板及該至少一個內層玻璃板中之任何一或多者具有91%至92%之透光率。
  15. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於金屬之隔絕塗層之邊緣已移除。
  16. 如請求項2之多層玻璃單元,其中該n個紅外反射金屬功能層包含銀。
  17. 如請求項2之多層玻璃單元,其中該等介電膜包含一或多個介電層,該一或多個介電層選自矽、鋁、錫、鋅、鈦、鋯或鈮之氮化物、氧化物或氮氧化物,或選自矽、鋁、錫、鋅、鈦、鋯或鈮之氮化物、氧化物或氮氧化物中的兩種或超過兩種之混合物。
  18. 如請求項2之多層玻璃單元,其中該基於金屬之隔絕塗層進一步包含至少一個接觸層,該至少一個接觸層包含選自以下之材料:氧化鋅,視情況摻雜有鋁或鎵;鈦、鎳、鉻、鈀、鎢、鈮;鈦、鎳、鉻、鈀、鎢或鈮之氧化物或次氧化物;鈦、鎳、鉻、鈀、鎢或鈮之氮化物或氮氧化物。
  19. 如請求項1或2之多層玻璃單元,其中該至少一個內層玻璃板包含裝配有聚合物夾層之兩個玻璃片。
  20. 一種用於裝配多層玻璃單元之方法,其包含: 提供第一最外層玻璃板, 提供內層玻璃板, 提供第二最外層玻璃板, 在輸送機上傳輸該第一最外層玻璃板、該內層玻璃板以及第二最外層玻璃板, 其特徵在於該內層玻璃板在一個面上帶有一個基於金屬之隔絕塗層且在相對面上帶有一個基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層,且該內層玻璃板以該帶有該基於透明導電氧化物之隔絕塗層之面與該輸送機接觸的狀態在該輸送機上傳輸。
TW108112909A 2018-04-12 2019-04-12 多層玻璃單元 TW202003412A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18167066 2018-04-12
EP18167066.2 2018-04-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW202003412A true TW202003412A (zh) 2020-01-16

Family

ID=62091647

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW108112909A TW202003412A (zh) 2018-04-12 2019-04-12 多層玻璃單元

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20210403375A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3774681A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP7385592B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA3096522A1 (zh)
EA (1) EA038987B1 (zh)
TW (1) TW202003412A (zh)
WO (1) WO2019197347A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115176064A (zh) * 2020-01-06 2022-10-11 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 具有改进的附着性的间隔件

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7306502B2 (ja) * 2019-07-12 2023-07-11 Agc株式会社 膜付きガラス基板及びその製造方法
EP3798402A1 (de) * 2019-09-27 2021-03-31 Saint-Gobain Glass France Isolierglaseinheit mit kleiner mittlerer scheibe
FR3113858A1 (fr) * 2020-07-24 2022-03-11 Saint-Gobain Glass France Triple vitrage integrant un film thermochrome
US11498867B2 (en) * 2020-10-01 2022-11-15 Guardian Glass, LLC Coated article with IR reflecting layer designed for low u-value and higher g-value and method of making same

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MXPA05012737A (es) 2003-05-30 2006-02-13 Ppg Ind Ohio Inc Electrodomestico revestido con transparencia.
FR2937366B1 (fr) * 2008-10-17 2010-10-29 Saint Gobain Vitrage multiple incorporant au moins un revetement antireflet et utilisation d'un revetement antireflet dans un vitrage multiple
EP3141534B1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2019-06-05 Guardian Glass, LLC Articles including anticondensation and/or low-e coatings and/or methods of making the same
US8834976B2 (en) 2010-02-26 2014-09-16 Guardian Industries Corp. Articles including anticondensation and/or low-E coatings and/or methods of making the same
FR2963343B1 (fr) 2010-07-28 2012-07-27 Saint Gobain Vitrage pourvu d'un revetement contre la condensation
FR2973023B1 (fr) 2011-03-25 2019-08-02 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage multiple isolant comprenant deux empilements bas emissifs
US9556066B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2017-01-31 Guardian Industries Corp. Insulating glass units with low-E and antireflective coatings, and/or methods of making the same
KR101596082B1 (ko) * 2012-11-09 2016-02-19 (주)엘지하우시스 초단열 복층 유리
US9499438B2 (en) * 2013-02-28 2016-11-22 Guardian Industries Corp. Window for attenuating RF and IR electromagnetic signals
EP3156580B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2019-07-10 Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited Multi-layered glass unit and glass plate for multi-layered glass unit
JPWO2016098839A1 (ja) 2014-12-19 2017-09-28 Agc−Lixilウィンドウテクノロジー株式会社 複層ガラス

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115176064A (zh) * 2020-01-06 2022-10-11 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 具有改进的附着性的间隔件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019197347A1 (en) 2019-10-17
EA202092413A1 (ru) 2021-02-26
JP2021521082A (ja) 2021-08-26
EA038987B1 (ru) 2021-11-18
CA3096522A1 (en) 2019-10-17
EP3774681A1 (en) 2021-02-17
JP7385592B2 (ja) 2023-11-22
US20210403375A1 (en) 2021-12-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11402557B2 (en) Solar control coating with enhanced solar control performance
US10345499B2 (en) Solar control coating with enhanced solar control performance
TW202003412A (zh) 多層玻璃單元
KR101941718B1 (ko) 박막 다중층이 구비된 투명 기판
KR101397369B1 (ko) 높은 태양열 이득 계수를 갖는 태양광 조절 코팅
US8025957B2 (en) Vehicle transparency
US8658289B2 (en) Electromagnetic radiation shielding device
JP6320389B2 (ja) 熱特性および吸収層のあるスタックを備える基板
JP2021191727A (ja) 複層ガラスユニット
RU2007135281A (ru) Просветленные теплоизолированные изделия для застекления
KR102170015B1 (ko) 한랭 기후에서의 창을 위한 저 방사율 코팅
US10618252B2 (en) Solar control coating for laminated glazing
WO2018003619A1 (ja) 遮熱ガラス部材および遮熱ガラス部材の製造方法