TW201910287A - 波長轉換構件及發光裝置 - Google Patents
波長轉換構件及發光裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- G02B5/0221—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having an irregular structure
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Abstract
本發明提供一種光提取效率高且發光強度優異之波長轉換構件、及使用其之發光裝置。 本發明之波長轉換構件之特徵在於:其係含有螢光體之板狀之波長轉換構件1,且 具有光入射面1a、及與光入射面1a為相反側之光出射面1b, 於將光入射面1a之表面粗糙度設為Rain
,將光出射面1b之表面粗糙度設為Raout
之情形時,Rain
為0.01~0.05 μm,且Raout
-Rain
為0.01~0.2 μm。
Description
本發明係關於一種將發光二極體(LED:Light Emitting Diode)或雷射二極體(LD:Laser Diode)等所發出之光之波長轉換為其他波長之波長轉換構件及使用其之發光裝置。
近年來,作為代替螢光燈或白熾燈之下一代光源,業界對使用LED或LD之發光裝置等之注目不斷提高。作為此種下一代光源之一例,揭示有將出射藍色光之LED與吸收來自LED之光之一部分並轉換為黃色光之波長轉換構件組合而成之發光裝置。該發光裝置發出自LED出射之藍色光與自波長轉換構件出射之黃色光之合成光、即白色光。專利文獻1中,作為波長轉換構件之一例,提出有於玻璃基質中分散有無機螢光體粉末之波長轉換構件。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2003-258308號公報
[發明所欲解決之問題]
上述波長轉換構件存在光提取效率較差,無法獲得充分之發光強度之問題。
因此,本發明之目的在於提出一種光提取效率較高且發光強度優異之波長轉換構件、及使用其之發光裝置。 [解決問題之技術手段]
本發明者等進行努力研究,結果發現,藉由將波長轉換構件之光入射面與光出射面之表面粗糙度限制為特定範圍,可提高光提取效率,可獲得發光強度優異之波長轉換構件。
即,本發明之波長轉換構件之特徵在於:其係含有螢光體之板狀之波長轉換構件,且具有光入射面、及與光入射面為相反側之光出射面,且於將光入射面之表面粗糙度設為Rain
,將光出射面之表面粗糙度設為Raout
之情形時,Rain
為0.01~0.05 μm,且Raout
-Rain
為0.01~0.2 μm。
本發明之波長轉換構件較佳為光出射面之表面粗糙度Raout
為0.06 μm以上。如此,可進一步提高光提取效率。
本發明之波長轉換構件較佳為於玻璃基質中分散螢光體粉末而成。
本發明之波長轉換構件較佳為厚度為0.01~1 mm。
本發明之發光裝置之特徵在於具備:上述波長轉換構件、及對波長轉換構件照射激發光之發光元件。
本發明之發光裝置較佳為波長轉換構件之光入射面與發光元件藉由接著劑層而接著。
本發明之發光裝置較佳為於波長轉換構件與發光元件之周圍配置有反射層。 [發明之效果]
根據本發明,可提出一種光提取效率較高且發光強度優異之波長轉換構件、及使用其之發光裝置。
以下,對較佳之實施形態進行說明。但是,以下之實施形態僅為例示,本發明並不限定於以下之實施形態。又,各圖式中,有時將實質上具有相同功能之構件以相同之符號進行參照。
圖1係表示本發明之一實施形態之波長轉換構件之模式性剖視圖。波長轉換構件1例如為矩形之板狀。波長轉換構件1含有螢光體,且具有光入射面1a、及與光入射面1a為相反側之光出射面1b。使用以激發波長轉換構件1所含有之螢光體之激發光作為入射光Lin
自波長轉換構件1之光入射面1a入射。入射光Lin
藉由螢光體進行波長轉換而成為螢光。該螢光與未經波長轉換之入射光Lin
之合成光作為出射光Lout
自光出射面1b出射。例如,於入射光Lin
為藍色光且螢光為黃色光之情形時,藍色光與黃色光之合成光即白色光作為Lout
出射。
於將波長轉換構件1之光入射面1a之表面粗糙度設為Rain
,將光出射面1b之表面粗糙度設為Raout
之情形時,Rain
滿足0.01~0.05 μm,且Raout
-Rain
滿足0.01~0.2 μm。藉此,能夠提高光提取效率。其理由推測為如下。藉由使光入射面1a之表面粗糙度Rain
相對較小,入射光Lin
不易於光入射面1a表面發生散射,入射至波長轉換構件1內部之入射效率提高。認為其原因在於:通常,入射光Lin
係自LED或LD發出之光,故而直進性(配向性)較高,相對於光入射面1a垂直方向之光之比率較大。另一方面,藉由使光出射面1b之表面粗糙度Raout
相對大於Rain
,可提高出射光Lout
之光提取效率。波長轉換構件1由於基本上為光散射體,故而入射光Lin
或螢光於波長轉換構件1之內部發生散射,於所有方向上配向。因此,若光出射面1b之表面粗糙度Raout
較小,則有超過臨界角之光成分增多,導致光提取效率降低之傾向。因此,藉由使光出射面1b之表面粗糙度Raout
變大,可提高對散射光之光反射抑制效果。
若Rain
過大,則有入射光Lin
於光入射面1a表面發生散射,入射至長轉換構件1內部之入射效率降低之傾向。結果波長轉換構件之光提取效率降低,發光強度容易降低。另一方面,若Rain
過小,則與發光元件(下述)接著時不易獲得投錨效應,導致接著強度容易降低。再者,若因接著強度降低,而波長轉換構件1自發光元件有一部分剝離,則於波長轉換構件1與發光元件之間形成折射率較低之空氣層,故而有入射光Lin
之入射效率顯著降低之傾向。Rain
之較佳範圍為0.015~0.045 μm。
若Raout
-Rain
過小,則出射光Lout
容易於光出射面1b發生反射,導致光提取效率容易降低。另一方面,若Raout
-Rain
過大,則出射光Lout
於光出射面1b之散射變大,反而導致光提取效率容易降低。Raout
-Rain
之較佳範圍為0.02~0.18 μm,更佳之範圍為0.05~0.17 μm。
再者,Raout
較佳為0.06 μm以上、0.07 μm以上、尤其是0.08 μm以上,且較佳為0.25 μm以下、0.23 μm以下、尤其是0.22 μm以下。若Raout
過小,則出射光Lout
容易於光出射面1b發生反射,導致光提取效率容易降低。另一方面,若Raout
過大,則出射光Lout
於光出射面1b之散射變大,導致光提取效率容易降低。
波長轉換構件1例如包含含有玻璃基質、及分散於該玻璃基質中之螢光體粉末的螢光體玻璃。
玻璃基質只要為可用作無機螢光體等螢光體粉末之分散介質者即可,並無特別限定。例如可使用硼矽酸鹽系玻璃、磷酸鹽系玻璃、錫磷酸鹽系玻璃、鉍酸鹽系玻璃、亞碲酸鹽系玻璃等。作為硼矽酸鹽系玻璃,可列舉:以質量%計含有SiO2
30~85%、Al2
O3
0~30%、B2
O3
0~50%、Li2
O+Na2
O+K2
O 0~10%、及MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO 0~50%者。作為錫磷酸鹽系玻璃,可列舉:以莫耳%計含有SnO 30~90%、P2
O5
1~70%者。作為亞碲酸鹽系玻璃,可列舉:以莫耳%計含有TeO2
50%以上、ZnO 0~45%、RO(R係選自Ca、Sr及Ba中之至少1種)0~50%、及La2
O3
+Gd2
O3
+Y2
O3
0~50%者。
玻璃基質之軟化點較佳為250℃~1000℃,更佳為300℃~950℃,進而較佳為500℃~900℃之範圍內。若玻璃基質之軟化點過低,則存在波長轉換構件1之機械強度或化學耐久性降低之情形。又,由於玻璃基質自身之耐熱性較低,故而有因自螢光體產生之熱導致軟化變形之虞。另一方面,若玻璃基質之軟化點過高,則存在製造時包括焙燒步驟之情形,及螢光體劣化導致波長轉換構件1之發光強度降低之情形。又,若玻璃基質之軟化點變高,則有焙燒溫度亦升高,結果製造成本變高之傾向。再者,就提高波長轉換構件1之化學穩定性及機械強度之觀點而言,玻璃基質之軟化點較佳為500℃以上、600℃以上、700℃以上、800℃以上、尤其是850℃以上。作為此種玻璃,可列舉硼矽酸鹽系玻璃。另一方面,就低價地製造波長轉換構件1之觀點而言,玻璃基質之軟化點較佳為550℃以下、530℃以下、500℃以下、480℃以下、尤其是460℃以下。作為此種玻璃,可列舉錫磷酸鹽系玻璃、鉍酸鹽系玻璃、亞碲酸鹽系玻璃。
螢光體只要為藉由激發光之入射而出射螢光者,則並無特別限定。作為螢光體之具體例,例如可列舉:選自氧化物螢光體、氮化物螢光體、氮氧化物螢光體、氯化物螢光體、氧氯化物螢光體、硫化物螢光體、氧硫化物螢光體、鹵化物螢光體、硫屬化物螢光體、鋁酸鹽螢光體、鹵磷酸氯化物螢光體及石榴石系化合物螢光體中之1種以上等。於使用藍色光作為激發光之情形時,例如可使用以螢光之形式出射綠色光、黃色光或紅色光之螢光體。
螢光體粉末之平均粒徑較佳為1 μm~50 μm,更佳為5 μm~25 μm。若螢光體粉末之平均粒徑過小,則存在發光強度降低之情形。另一方面,若螢光體粉末之平均粒徑過大,則存在發光顏色變得不均勻之情形。
波長轉換構件1中之螢光體粉末之含量較佳為1體積%以上、1.5體積%以上、尤其是2體積%,且較佳為70體積%以下、50體積%以下、30體積%以下。若螢光體粉末之含量過少,則為了獲得所需之發光顏色,必須使波長轉換構件1之厚度較厚,其結果存在因波長轉換構件1之內部散射增加,導致光提取效率減低之情形。另一方面,若螢光體粉末之含量過多,則為了獲得所需之發光顏色,必須使波長轉換構件1之厚度較薄,因此存在波長轉換構件1之機械強度降低之情形。
波長轉換構件1之厚度較佳為0.01 mm以上、0.03 mm以上、0.05 mm以上、0.075 mm以上、尤其是0.08 mm以上,且較佳為1 mm以下、0.5 mm以下、0.35 mm以下、0.3 mm以下、0.25 mm以下、0.15 mm以下、尤其是0.12 mm以下。若波長轉換構件1之厚度過厚,則存在波長轉換構件1中之光之散射或吸收變得過大,導致光提取效率降低之情形。若波長轉換構件1之厚度過薄,則存在難以獲得充分之發光強度之情形。又,存在波長轉換構件1之機械強度變得不充分之情形。
波長轉換構件1之折射率(nd)較佳為1.40以上、1.45以上、1.50以上,且較佳為1.90以下、1.80以下、1.70以下。若波長轉換構件1之折射率過高,則存在因波長轉換構件1與光出射側之介質(例如空氣層(nd=1.0))之折射率差變大,而容易產生於光出射面1b之全反射,導致光提取效率降低之情形。若波長轉換構件1之折射率過低,則與發光元件(例如覆晶安裝型LED。出射面為藍寶石 nd=1.76)之折射率差變大。因此,即便於波長轉換構件1與發光元件之間設置有接著劑層並由該接著劑層調整過折射率差之情形時,存在發光元件與接著劑層之折射率差及/或接著劑層與波長轉換構件1之折射率差會變大,於各界面之光提取效率降低之情形。
於波長轉換構件1之光出射面1b亦可設置抗反射膜。如此,於自光出射面1b出射螢光或激發光時,可抑制因波長轉換構件1與空氣之折射率差引起之光提取效率之降低。作為抗反射膜,可列舉包含SiO2
、Al2
O3
、TiO2
、Nb2
O5
、Ta2
O5
等之單層或多層之介電膜。
於波長轉換構件1之光入射面1a亦可設置抗反射膜。如此,於激發光入射至波長轉換構件1時,可抑制因接著劑層與波長轉換構件1之折射率差引起之激發光入射效率之降低。
再者,於波長轉換構件1包含螢光體玻璃之情形時,通常考慮波長轉換構件1中之玻璃基質之折射率而設計抗反射膜。此處,若於波長轉換構件1之光出射面1b顯露螢光體粉末,則由於螢光體粉末之折射率相對較高,故而有形成於螢光體粉末部分之抗反射膜未成為適當之膜設計,無法獲得充分之抗反射功能之虞。因此,較佳為於波長轉換構件1之光出射面1b以被覆所露出之螢光體粉末之方式設置玻璃層(不含螢光體粉末之玻璃層)。如此,波長轉換構件1之光出射面1b之折射率變得均勻,可提高由抗反射膜所獲得之效果。再者,較佳為於波長轉換構件1之光入射面1a亦如上述般設置用以提高抗反射效果之玻璃層。
構成玻璃層之玻璃較佳為與構成長轉換構件1中之玻璃基質之玻璃相同。如此,波長轉換構件1中之玻璃基質與玻璃層之折射率差消失,可抑制於兩界面處之光反射損失。再者,於設置玻璃層之情形時,較佳為玻璃層表面之表面粗糙度滿足上述表面粗糙度Raout
之範圍。玻璃層之厚度較佳為0.003~0.1 mm、0.005~0.03 mm、尤其是0.01~0.02 mm。若玻璃層之厚度過小,則有無法充分地被覆露出之螢光體粉末之虞。另一方面,若玻璃層之厚度過大,則有激發光或螢光被吸收,導致發光效率降低之虞。
再者,波長轉換構件1除了為包含螢光體玻璃者以外,亦可為包含YAG(Yttrium Aluminum Garnet,釔鋁石榴石)陶瓷等陶瓷者、或樹脂中分散有螢光體粉末者。
波長轉換構件1可以如下方式進行製作。首先,製作板狀之波長轉換構件前驅體。波長轉換構件前驅體例如可藉由切削螢光體粉末與玻璃粉末之混合物之燒結體而製作。其次,對波長轉換構件前驅體之兩主面、即光入射面及光出射面以成為所需之表面粗糙度之方式進行研磨,藉此獲得波長轉換構件1。此處,藉由適當地選擇研磨墊或研磨粒,而調整波長轉換構件1之兩主面之表面粗糙度。可對波長轉換構件前驅體之兩主面同時進行研磨,亦可逐個面地依序進行研磨(研磨光入射面後對光出射面進行研磨、或者研磨光出射面後對光入射面進行研磨)。例如可列舉:於利用雙面研磨機對波長轉換構件1之兩面實施粗研磨後,利用單面研磨機對光入射面進行研磨之方法;或利用單面研磨機,使用不同研磨粒對波長轉換構件1之光入射面與光出射面逐個面地依序進行研磨之方法。
圖2係表示本發明之一實施形態之發光裝置之模式性剖視圖。發光裝置10係將波長轉換構件1與發光元件2藉由接著劑層3接著而成者。於本實施形態中,發光元件2設置於基板4上。又,於波長轉換構件1、發光元件2、及接著劑層3之周圍配置有反射層5。藉由配置反射層5,可抑制將激發光及螢光反射而漏至外部,可提高光之提取效率。發光元件2於俯視下與波長轉換構件1為大致相同形狀、相同面積。但是,波長轉換構件1與發光元件2之形狀及面積亦可不同。例如,對並列設置之複數個發光元件2以覆蓋該複數個發光元件2之方式接著1片波長轉換構件1。
作為發光元件2,例如可使用發出藍色光之LED光源或LD光源等光源。作為構成接著劑層3之接著劑,例如可列舉矽酮樹脂系、環氧樹脂系、乙烯系樹脂系、丙烯酸系樹脂系等。構成接著劑層3之接著劑較佳為與波長轉換構件1之折射率相近之折射率。如此,可使自發光元件2發出之激發光效率良好地入射至波長轉換構件1。作為基板4,例如可使用能夠使自發光元件2發出之光線效率良好地反射之白色LTCC(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics,低溫共燒陶瓷)等。具體而言,可列舉氧化鋁、氧化鈦、氧化鈮等無機粉末與玻璃粉末之燒結體。或者可使用氧化鋁或氮化鋁等陶瓷基板。作為反射層5,可使用樹脂組合物或玻璃陶瓷。作為樹脂組合物,可使用樹脂與陶瓷粉末或玻璃粉末之混合物。作為玻璃陶瓷,可列舉LTCC等。作為玻璃陶瓷之材料,可使用玻璃粉末及陶瓷粉末之混合粉末、或結晶性玻璃粉末。 [實施例]
以下,對本發明之波長轉換構件藉由實施例詳細地進行說明,但本發明並不限定於以下之實施例。
表1表示實施例1、2及比較例1~3。
[表1]
於硼矽酸鹽系玻璃粉末(平均粒徑D50
:2 μm,軟化點850℃)中混合YAG螢光體粉末(平均粒徑D50
:15 μm)而獲得混合粉末。YAG螢光體粉末之含量於混合粉末中設為8.3體積%。將混合粉末利用模具進行加壓成型,於軟化點附近進行焙燒,藉此獲得燒結體。藉由對所獲得之燒結體進行切削,而獲得30 mm×30 mm×0.3 mm之板狀之波長轉換構件前驅體。使用單面研磨機,以使光入射面及光出射面成為各特定之表面粗糙度之方式逐個面地改變研磨粒對波長轉換構件前驅體進行研磨,藉此製作波長轉換構件。將所獲得之波長轉換構件切割為外形尺寸1 mm×1 mm,而獲得小片之波長轉換構件。
對所獲得之小片之波長轉換構件以如下方式測定光束值。於激發波長450 nm之LED晶片表面塗佈矽酮樹脂,而接著小片之波長轉換構件,於LED晶片及小片之波長轉換構件之外周部塗佈高反射性之矽酮樹脂,獲得測定用試樣。將自小片之波長轉換構件之光出射面發出之光擷取至積分球內部,其後將光導入至經標準光源校正之分光器,測定光之能量分佈圖譜。根據所獲得之能量分佈圖譜算出光束值。再者,表1之光束值係以將實施例1之光束值設為1之相對值表示。
如表1所示,實施例1、2之波長轉換構件之相對光束值為0.99以上,相對於此,比較例1~3之波長轉換構件之相對光束值較差,為0.95以下。
1‧‧‧波長轉換構件
1a‧‧‧光入射面
1b‧‧‧光出射面
2‧‧‧發光元件
3‧‧‧接著劑層
4‧‧‧基板
5‧‧‧反射層
10‧‧‧發光裝置
圖1係表示本發明之一實施形態之波長轉換構件之模式性剖視圖。 圖2係表示本發明之一實施形態之發光裝置之模式性剖視圖。
Claims (7)
- 一種波長轉換構件,其特徵在於:其係含有螢光體之板狀之波長轉換構件,且 具有光入射面、及與上述光入射面為相反側之光出射面, 於將上述光入射面之表面粗糙度設為Rain ,將上述光出射面之表面粗糙度設為Raout 之情形時,Rain 為0.01~0.05 μm,且Raout -Rain 為0.01~0.2 μm。
- 如請求項1之波長轉換構件,其中上述光出射面之表面粗糙度Raout 為0.06 μm以上。
- 如請求項1或2之波長轉換構件,其係於玻璃基質中分散螢光體粉末而成。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之波長轉換構件,其厚度為0.01~1 mm。
- 一種發光裝置,其特徵在於具備:如請求項1至4中任一項之波長轉換構件、及 對上述波長轉換構件照射激發光之發光元件。
- 如請求項5之發光裝置,其中上述波長轉換構件之上述光入射面與上述發光元件藉由接著劑層而接著。
- 如請求項5或6之發光元件,其中於上述波長轉換構件與上述發光元件之周圍配置有反射層。
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JP5532508B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-11 | 2014-06-25 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 波長変換部材およびその製造方法 |
WO2012014360A1 (ja) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-02 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | 発光モジュール |
JP6149487B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-09 | 2017-06-21 | 日亜化学工業株式会社 | 発光装置の製造方法および発光装置 |
JP2014157856A (ja) * | 2013-02-14 | 2014-08-28 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 光変換部材および光変換部材を有する照明光源 |
CN105793034A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-07-20 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 波长转换片材用保护膜、波长转换片材及背光单元 |
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