TW201820767A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

An objective of this invention is to provide a motor capable of reducing cogging torque or cogging thrust. In a motor 1 according to the present invention, an armature core 4 has a plurality of teeth 8 arranged adjacent to each other. Each of the plurality of teeth 8 accommodates a plurality of permanent magnets. A salient pole member 3 has one or more salient poles 32 and the salient poles 32 are disposed in a state in which the salient pole 32 faces the teeth 8. The permanent magnets 5 accommodated in the two adjacent teeth 8 are disposed such that the same magnetic poles are opposed to each other. Equations of (P1/P2) < 1/6, or 5/6 < (P1/P2) < 7/6 are satisfied, where P1 is the pitch of the teeth 8 and P2 is the pitch of the salient poles 32.

Description

   Motor   

The present invention relates to a motor having an armature provided with a permanent magnet.

In the prior art, there is known a motor structure in which permanent magnets are individually stored in teeth of an armature core, and a salient pole piece having a salient pole is rotated relative to the armature. In this conventional motor, the armature windings are individually provided on each tooth in a concentrated winding manner (see, for example, Patent Document 1 described below).

    (Prior technical literature)         (Patent Literature)    

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-199679

In the motor of the conventional technology disclosed in the aforementioned Patent Document 1, the number of salient poles of the salient pole piece is five and the number of teeth of the armature is six. Therefore, a three-pole pair produced by six permanent magnets The magnetic flux potential is modulated by 5 salient poles to generate a magnetic flux of 2 pole pairs. Therefore, when the relationship between the number of magnetic poles and the number of teeth formed by the armature winding is expressed in the form of a pole and slot combination of the "number of magnetic poles: number of teeth" series, the conventional technology disclosed in the aforementioned Patent Document 1 The motor operates with a 2: 3 series of pole slots, and the cogging torque (also known as cogging torque) becomes larger.

The present invention has been made and completed by the present invention in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a motor capable of reducing a sudden torque or a sudden thrust.

The motor system of the present invention includes: an armature, which has an armature core, a plurality of permanent magnets, and a plurality of armature windings, wherein the armature core system has a plurality of teeth arranged adjacent to each other, and the plurality of permanent magnet systems accommodate In each of the plurality of teeth, a plurality of armature windings are provided in each of the plurality of teeth; and a salient pole piece having one or more salient poles arranged so that the salient poles face the teeth; the armature and The salient pole piece can move relative to the direction in which several teeth are arranged back and forth; each permanent magnet housed by two teeth adjacent to each other is arranged so that the same magnetic pole faces face to face; let the pitch of the teeth be P1 and let The distance between the poles is P2, which satisfies (P1 / P2) <1/6 or 5/6 <(P1 / P2) <7/6.

According to the motor of the present invention, the relationship between the pitch P1 of the teeth and the pitch P2 of the salient poles satisfies the above formula, so that the number of times of the basic wave of the turn can be increased. This makes it possible to reduce the amplitude value of the fundamental wave order of the sudden rotation, and to reduce the sudden torque or the sudden thrust.

1‧‧‧ Motor

2‧‧‧ armature

3‧‧‧ salient pole pieces

4‧‧‧ armature core

4a‧‧‧ Outer peripheral surface of armature core

5‧‧‧ permanent magnet

6‧‧‧ armature winding

7‧‧‧ core back

8‧‧‧tooth

8a‧‧‧end teeth

8b‧‧‧Middle tooth

8c‧‧‧End abutment teeth

9‧‧‧ slot

31‧‧‧ salient pole body

32‧‧‧ salient pole

A‧‧‧ axis

d‧‧‧thickness of permanent magnet

D‧‧‧ circumferential length of the outer peripheral surface of the armature core

G‧‧‧Air gap

N‧‧‧Number of salient poles facing Q teeth

P1‧‧‧tooth pitch

P2‧‧‧Pitch spacing

P3‧‧‧Pitch of permanent magnets

Q‧‧‧Number of teeth

U11, U12‧‧‧U phase armature winding

U21, U22‧‧‧‧ U-phase armature windings

V11, V12‧‧‧V phase armature winding

V21, V22‧‧‧V phase armature winding

W11, W12‧‧‧W phase armature winding

W21, W22‧‧‧W phase armature winding

θ1, θ2, θ3‧‧‧ angle

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the wiring diagram of the twelve armature windings of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 shows that the motor of the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies Q = 3. k. A table of combinations of values of k, m, and Q at m.

Fig. 13 shows that the motor of the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k + 0.5). A table of combinations of values of k, m, and N at m.

Fig. 14 shows that the motor of Embodiment 10 of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k-0.5). A table of combinations of values of k, m, and N at m.

Fig. 15 shows that the motor according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k + 0.5). A table of combinations of k, m, and pole slot values at m.

Fig. 16 shows that the motor of the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k-0.5). A table of combinations of k, m, and pole slot values at m.

Fig. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration of a motor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a vector diagram showing the 1f component of the cogging torque generated by each tooth in FIG. 18.

Fig. 20 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the motor 1 includes a ring-shaped armature 2 as a stator, and a salient pole piece 3 as a rotor, which is disposed inside the armature 2 and rotates relative to the armature 2. Therefore, in this example, the motor 1 is configured as a rotary motor.

The armature 2 includes: an armature core 4 made of iron; a plurality of permanent magnets 5 housed in the armature core 4; and a plurality of armature windings 6 provided in the armature core 4.

The armature core 4 includes a ring-shaped core back 7 and a plurality of teeth 8 protruding from the inner surface of the core back 7 toward the salient pole piece 3.

The plurality of teeth 8 are arranged adjacent to each other at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the armature core 4. Thereby, the grooves 9 belonging to the space are respectively formed between the plurality of teeth 8. The number of the grooves 9 is the same as the number of the teeth 8. The opening of each groove 9 faces the salient pole piece 3. In this example, the number of teeth 8 is twelve, and the number of slots 9 is twelve.

The permanent magnets 5 are individually housed in the teeth 8. In this example, a plate-shaped permanent magnet 5 arranged in the radial direction of the armature 2 is housed in the center portion in the circumferential direction of the teeth 8. In addition, each of the permanent magnets 5 housed by two adjacent teeth 8 is arranged so that the same magnetic poles face each other. Therefore, all the permanent magnets 5 adjacent to each other are arranged with magnetic poles alternately in the circumferential direction of the armature 2. In this example, the permanent magnet 5 is exposed from the teeth 8 on the inner peripheral surface of the armature core 4, and is covered with the core back 7 on the outer peripheral surface of the armature core 4.

Each armature winding 6 is individually provided on each tooth 8 in a concentrated winding manner. Accordingly, in this example, the number of the armature windings 6 is twelve. Each armature winding 6 is housed in a slot 9. Representing each of the three phases as U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase, four armature windings 6 of each armature winding 6 are U-phase armature windings U11, U12, U21, U22, and other The four armature windings 6 are V-phase armature windings V11, V12, V21, and V22, and the remaining four armature windings 6 are W-phase armature windings W11, W12, W21, and W22. As shown in Figure 1, the 12 armature windings 6 correspond to each of the 12 teeth 8. Press + U11, -U12, -V11, + V12, + W11,-in the counterclockwise direction of Figure 1 W12, -U21, + U22, + V21, -V22, -W21, + W22 are arranged in this order. Among them, “+” and “-” represent the different winding polarities of the armature windings 6 and indicate the directions of the electromagnetic field generated in the armature windings 6 when currents flowing in the same direction in each armature winding 6 The systems are opposite to each other in the radial direction.

Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram showing the twelve armature windings 6 of Fig. 1. In the armature 2, the symmetry of the induced voltage of each armature winding 6 is considered, and the U-phase series line formed by the U-phase armature windings U11, U12, U21, and U22 connected in series is connected in series. V-phase armature windings consisting of V-phase armature windings V11, V12, V21, and V22, and W-phase armature windings consisting of W-phase armature windings W11, W12, W21, and W22 connected in series The systems are connected at a common neutral point. That is, in the armature 2, a plurality of armature windings 6 are connected in a Y connection manner.

The salient pole piece 3 is arranged coaxially with the armature 2. Therefore, the salient pole piece 3 has an axis A in common with the armature 2. In addition, a gap exists between the salient pole piece 3 and the armature 2, that is, an air gap. Thereby, the armature 2 and the salient pole piece 3 are capable of reciprocating relative to the direction in which the plurality of teeth 8 are arranged, that is, the circumferential direction of the armature 2.

The salient pole piece 3 includes a cylindrical salient pole piece body 31 and one or more salient poles 32 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the salient pole piece body 31. In this example, the number of salient poles 32 is eleven. Each salient pole 32 reciprocates the direction in which the teeth 8 are arranged, that is, the circumferential direction of the armature 2 is arranged at equal intervals.

Here, an angle formed by two straight lines connecting one end of each of the two teeth 8 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction with the axis A is θ1. It is assumed that the circumferential direction of each of the two salient poles 32 adjacent to each other is The angle formed by the two straight lines connected at one end to the axis A is θ2. The angle formed by two straight lines connecting the two ends in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet 5 with the axis A is θ3. In addition, a surface set through the end surfaces of the plurality of teeth 8 and arranged in the circumferential direction of the plurality of teeth 8 is set as a pitch reference surface. In this example, the pitch reference surface is configured as a cylindrical surface centered on the axis A.

In the common pitch reference plane, the distance in the circumferential direction corresponding to the range of θ1 is the pitch P1 of the teeth 8, and the distance in the circumferential direction corresponding to the range of θ2 is the pitch P2 of the salient poles 32. The distance in the circumferential direction corresponding to the range is the pitch P3 of the permanent magnets 5. That is, the circumferential interval between the teeth 8 in the common pitch reference plane is the pitch P1 of the teeth 8, and the circumferential interval between the salient poles 32 in the common pitch reference plane is the salient pole 32. The pitch P2 and the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 in a common pitch reference plane are set to the pitch P3 of the permanent magnet 5.

As described above, the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 and the pitch P2 of the salient poles 32, and the relationship between P1 and P2 are configured to satisfy the relationship of the following formula (1) or (2).

(P1 / P2) <1/6 …… (1)

5/6 <(P1 / P2) <7/6 …… (2)

In addition, if the number of the teeth 8 is Q and the number of the salient poles 32 facing the Q teeth 8 is N, the relationship of the following formula (3) is established. The number N of salient poles 32 need not be a natural number.

(P1 / P2) = (N / Q) ... (3)

In this example, Q = 112 and N = 11, which satisfy the above formula (2).

In the motor 1, the magnetic potential of the 6-pole pair generated by the 12 permanent magnets 5 is modulated by the 11 salient poles 32 to generate a 5-pole-pair magnetic flux. Therefore, in this example, the motor 1 operates with 10 poles and 12 slots. That is, when the relationship between the number of magnetic poles formed by a plurality of armature windings 6 and the number of teeth 8 is expressed in the form of pole slots of the "magnetic poles: teeth number" series, in this example, the motor 1 is based on 5: 6 series pole grooves work together.

In addition, the relationship between the pitch P3 of the permanent magnets 5 and the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 is configured to satisfy the relationship of the following formula (4).

5 <P1 / P3 <10 ... (4)

In this example, P1 / P3 = 7.5, which satisfies the above formula (4).

When P1 / P3 ≦ 5, the ratio of the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 to the width of the teeth 8 is too large, resulting in the magnetic saturation being easily generated in the teeth 8. In addition, when 10 ≦ P1 / P3, the ratio of the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 to the width of the teeth 8 is too small, so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 5 cannot be obtained sufficiently. Accordingly, the relationship between the pitch P3 of the permanent magnet 5 and the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 satisfies the above formula (4), and the torque of the motor 1 can be increased.

In the motor 1 described above, the relationship between the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 and the pitch P2 of the salient poles 32 satisfies the above formula (2). Therefore, the basic wave number of the turn can be made larger than that of the conventional 2: 3 series. Increased when the pole slot is matched. Specifically, since the number of teeth 8 is Q = 112, the number of salient poles 32 opposed to the Q teeth 8 is N = 11, so the motor 1 can be operated with 10 poles and 12 slots, and the The number of basic waves is increased compared with the pole slot of the conventional 2: 3 series. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the amplitude value of the fundamental wave order of the sudden rotation, and to reduce the sudden rotation torque. In the conventional 2: 3 series, the winding factor is 0.866. In contrast, in the 5: 6 series pole slot arrangement of this embodiment, the winding factor is 0.933. Therefore, in this embodiment, the winding factor is increased compared to the conventional 2: 3 series, and the torque of the motor 1 can be increased.

In addition, the relationship between the pitch P3 of the permanent magnets 5 and the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 satisfies the above formula (4). Therefore, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 5 can be sufficiently obtained, and magnetic saturation is not easily generated in the teeth 8. This can increase the induced voltage of the armature 2 and increase the torque of the motor 1.

In the above example, although the winding arrangement of the armature windings 6 is the normal winding arrangement of the motor 1 operating with 10 poles and 12 slots, it is different from the 5: 6 series pole slots. For the arrangement of other pole slots, for example, 8 poles, 9 slots, 14 poles, 15 slots, etc., it is possible to use a common winding arrangement corresponding to the arrangement of other poles as the winding arrangement of the armature windings.

Embodiment 2.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Q = 112 and N = 13. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the relationship between P1 and P2 is configured to satisfy the relationship of the above formula (2). In addition, the twelve armature windings 6 correspond to each of the twelve teeth 8. Press + U11, -U12, -W11, + W12, + V11, -V12, -U21, counterclockwise in Figure 3 + U22, + W21, -W22, -V21, + V22 are arranged in this order. Among them, the same as in the first embodiment, "+" and "-" represent the different winding polarities of the armature winding 6.

In this embodiment, the magnetic flux potential of the six pole pairs generated by the twelve permanent magnets 5 is modulated by the 13 salient poles 32 to generate the magnetic flux of the seven pole pairs. Therefore, in this example, the motor 1 operates with 14 poles and 12 slots. That is, in this example, the motor 1 is operated with a pole slot of the 7: 6 series. The remaining structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

As described above, even if Q = 112 and N = 13 are adopted, the relationship between P1 and P2 can still satisfy the above formula (2). Specifically, since Q = 12 and N = 13, the motor 1 can be operated with 14 poles and 12 slots, and the motor 1 can be operated with a 7: 6 series pole slot that is larger than the 5: 6 series. This makes it possible to further reduce the cogging torque. In addition, since the number of the single-pole permanent magnets 5 can be reduced, the magnetic flux passing through the single-pole of the core back 7 can be reduced. Thereby, magnetic saturation in the core back 7 is less likely to occur, and the thickness in the radial direction of the core back 7 can be reduced. Therefore, the winding area of the armature winding 6 can be enlarged, and the copper loss of the armature winding 6 can be reduced.

Embodiment 3.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Q = 112 and N = 1. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the relationship between P1 and P2 is configured to satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1).

The shape of the salient pole piece 3 is cylindrical. The salient pole piece 3 is arranged inside the armature 2 in a state where the cylindrical central axis of the salient pole piece 3 is eccentric from the axis A. The salient pole piece 3 is pivoted relative to the armature 2 with the axis A as a center. Thereby, the salient pole piece 3 which has one salient pole 32 is comprised.

In addition, when the number of salient poles 32 is 1, the angle from salient poles 32 to one revolution around salient pole piece 3 and returning to the original salient pole piece 32 becomes θ2, and θ2 represents one revolution of salient pole piece 3. The angle is 360 degrees. Therefore, the pitch P2 of the salient poles 32 is a distance in the circumferential direction of one revolution of the pitch reference plane.

In this embodiment, the magnetic potential of the six-pole pair generated by the twelve permanent magnets 5 is modulated by one salient pole 32 to generate the magnetic flux of the seven-pole pair. Therefore, in this example, the motor 1 operates with 14 poles and 12 slots. That is, in this example, the motor 1 is operated with a pole slot of the 7: 6 series. The remaining structure is the same as that of the second embodiment.

As described above, even if Q = 112 and N = 1 are adopted, the relationship between P1 and P2 can still satisfy the above formula (1). Specifically, since Q = 12 and N = 1, similarly to the second embodiment, the motor 1 can be operated with the 7: 6 series pole grooves, and the cogging torque can be further reduced. In addition, since the number of single-pole permanent magnets 5 can be reduced, the thickness in the radial direction of the core back 7 can be reduced, and the copper loss of the armature winding 6 can be reduced. In addition, by satisfying the above formula (1) with the relationship between P1 and P2, the number of salient poles 32 of the salient pole piece 3 can be reduced, and the manufacture of the salient pole piece 3 can be facilitated.

Embodiment 4.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, each of the armature 2 and the salient pole piece 3 is arranged in a linear direction. That is, in this example, the motor 1 is configured as a linear motor. In addition, in this example, the shape of each of the armature core 4 and the salient pole piece 3 is a shape formed by expanding the circumferential direction of the armature core 4 and the salient pole piece 3 of the first embodiment into a linear direction.

In the motor 1, the salient pole pieces 3 made of iron are arranged in a linear direction as a conveyance path of the linear motor. The armature 2 is configured to be movable in a linear direction along the salient pole piece 3. The salient pole piece body 31 is a plate-like member arranged in a linear direction in which the armature 2 moves. The plurality of salient poles 32 are arranged at equal intervals in the linear direction of the salient pole piece body 31.

The armature 2 is arranged parallel to the salient pole piece 3. Thereby, the plurality of teeth 8 are arranged at regular intervals in the rectilinear direction in which the plurality of salient poles 32 are arranged. In this example, the number of teeth 8 of the armature core 4 is twelve. The armature 2 is arranged with the teeth 8 facing the salient pole piece 3.

In this example, each permanent magnet 5 is individually housed in each tooth 8, each permanent magnet 5 is attached to the surface of the armature core 4 on the salient pole piece 3 side, and the armature core 4 is opposite to the salient pole piece 3 side. Each side of the side surface is exposed.

In addition, a plane set through the end surfaces of the plurality of teeth 8 and set in a linear direction in which the plurality of teeth 8 are aligned is a pitch reference plane. In addition, the interval in the linear direction between the teeth 8 in the common pitch reference plane is the pitch P1 of the teeth 8, and the interval in the linear direction between the salient poles 32 in the common pitch reference plane is the pitch of the salient poles 32. P2. As described above, the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 and the pitch P2 of the salient poles 32, and the relationship between P1 and P2 are configured to satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1) or (2).

In addition, in this embodiment, similarly, if the number of the teeth 8 is Q and the number of the salient poles 32 opposed to the Q teeth 8 is N, the relationship of the above formula (3) is established. The number N of salient poles 32 need not be a natural number.

In this example, since Q = 112 and N = 11 are the same as in the first embodiment, the above formula (2) is satisfied. Therefore, in this example, the motor 1 operates with a 5: 6 series pole slot arrangement.

In the motor 1 as described above, the salient pole pieces 3 are arranged in a straight direction, a plurality of teeth 8 are arranged in a straight direction along the salient pole pieces 3, and the armature 2 is configured to be able to face the protrusions in a straight direction in which the plurality of teeth 8 are arranged. The pole piece 3 moves. Therefore, by using the salient pole piece 3 as a conveyance path for moving the armature 2, it is not necessary to provide a permanent magnet 5 in the conveyance path of the linear motor. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the motor 1 which is a linear motor.

That is, in a general linear motor, an iron core provided with a permanent magnet is used as a conveyance path for conveying an armature as a mover. Therefore, it is necessary to use a permanent magnet proportional to the moving distance of the mover. When it is a long-distance transfer, the use of the permanent magnet increases the cost due to the increase in the use amount of the permanent magnet due to the long transportation path. In contrast, in this embodiment, the armature 2 has the permanent magnets 5 and the salient pole pieces 3 used as the transport path are made of only iron. Therefore, even if the transport path is long, it is possible to suppress an increase in the amount of the permanent magnets 5 used. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the motor 1 even if it is carried over a long distance. In addition, the armature 2 series may be equipped with an amplifier (amplifer) capable of supplying power to the armature 2.

In addition, in this embodiment, similarly, since Q = 112 and N = 11, the relationship between the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 and the pitch P2 of the salient poles 32 can satisfy the above formula (2), and a linear motor can be obtained. The thrust of the motor 1 is reduced. In the conventional 2: 3 series, the winding factor is 0.866. In contrast, in the 5: 6 series pole slot arrangement of this embodiment, the winding factor is 0.933. Therefore, in this embodiment, the winding factor is increased as compared with the conventional 2: 3 series, and the thrust of the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor can be improved.

In addition, in the example described above, although the permanent magnets 5 are attached to the surface of the armature core 4 on the side of the salient pole piece 3 and the surfaces of the armature core 4 on the side opposite to the side of the salient pole piece 3 are exposed, However, each permanent magnet 5 may be exposed on the surface of the armature core 4 on the salient pole piece 3 side, and the surface of the armature core 4 on the side opposite to the salient pole piece 3 side may be covered with a core back 7 for each permanent magnet. 5.

In addition, in the above example, although Q = 112 and N = 11 are used for a linear motor, it is also possible to use Q = 112 and N = 1 for a linear motor in the same manner as in the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5.

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Q = 112 and N = 13. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the relationship between P1 and P2 is configured to satisfy the relationship of the above formula (2).

Therefore, in this embodiment, the magnetic flux potential of the 6-pole pair generated by the 12 permanent magnets 5 is modulated by the 13 salient poles 32 to generate a 7-pole-pair magnetic flux. Therefore, in this example, the motor 1 operates with 14 poles and 12 slots. That is, in this example, the motor 1 is operated with a pole slot of the 7: 6 series. The remaining structure is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

As described above, in the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor, even if Q = 112 and N = 13 are adopted, the relationship between P1 and P2 can still satisfy the above formula (2). Thereby, the motor 1 is operated with the pole slot combination of the 7: 6 series which is larger than the 5: 6 series, and the stall thrust of the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor can be further reduced. In addition, since the number of single-pole permanent magnets 5 can be reduced, magnetic saturation at the core back 7 is less likely to occur, and the thickness in the radial direction of the core back 7 can be reduced. Therefore, the winding area of the armature winding 6 can be enlarged, and the copper loss of the armature winding 6 can be reduced.

Embodiment 6.

Fig. 7 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Q = 112 and N = 11.2.

For example, if Q = 12 is used to form 10 poles and 12 slots to make motor 1 operate, it only needs to satisfy the following formula (5); Q = 12 is used to form 14 poles and 12 slots to make motor 1 operate, as long as the following formula is satisfied (6).

5/6 <(P1 / P2) <1 …… (5)

1 <(P1 / P2) <7/6 ... (6)

In this embodiment, since Q = 112 and N = 11.2, the relationship between P1 and P2 is configured to satisfy the relationship of the above formula (5) according to the above formula (3). The remaining structure is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

As described above, even if the value of N is not a natural number, the motor 1 can be smoothly operated. With this, for example, even when the operating accuracy of the salient pole piece 3 is poor, it is possible to reduce the stall thrust of the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor, and to make the motor 1 operate smoothly.

In addition, in the example described above, although the motor 1 is configured as a linear motor, even if the motor 1 is a rotary motor, it is possible to similarly reduce the cogging torque of the motor 1.

Embodiment 7.

Fig. 8 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor, protruding portions 11 are provided at ends of both sides of the armature core 4 in the linear direction in which the teeth 8 are aligned, respectively. Each protrusion 11 projects from the core back 7 toward the salient pole piece 3 and faces the salient pole piece 3. In addition, each of the protrusions 11 is arranged in a straight direction in which the teeth 8 are aligned, and is arranged apart from the teeth 8. An armature winding 6 is not provided in each protrusion 11. Each protrusion 11 is made of the same material as the core back 7 and is formed integrally with the core back 7. In this example, Q = 112 and N = 11. Therefore, in this example, the relationship between P1 and P2 is a relationship satisfying the above formula (2). The remaining structure is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

In the motor 1 as described above, the protrusions 11 are provided at the ends of the armature core 4 on both sides of the linear direction in which the teeth 8 are aligned, so that the stall thrust of the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor can be further improved. Further reduction. It is also possible to increase the thrust of the motor 1.

Moreover, in the above-mentioned example, although the protrusion part 11 was provided in the edge part of both sides of the armature core 4, respectively, you may make it only to the one side end of the armature core 4 along the linear direction along which each tooth 8 is arranged.部 进行 突 部 11。 The protruding portion 11 is provided.

Embodiment 8.

Fig. 9 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Each tooth 8 located at an end portion of both sides of the armature core 4 along the linear direction in which the teeth 8 are aligned is an end tooth 8a, each tooth 8 other than the end tooth 8a is an intermediate tooth 8b, and an end portion The shape of the teeth 8a is different from that of the intermediate teeth 8b. The shape of each intermediate part tooth 8b is formed in the same shape as each other.

The relationship between the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 and the pitch P2 of the salient poles 32 is configured to satisfy the relationship of the above formula (1) or the above formula (2). The relationship between P1, P2, Q, and N is a relationship that satisfies the above formula (3). In addition, the pitch P1 of the teeth 8 used in the above formulae (1) to (6) is set by the distance between the teeth 8b at each intermediate portion in the pitch reference plane. The remaining structure is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

In the motor 1 as described above, the shape of the end teeth 8a is different from the shape of the middle teeth 8b. Therefore, by adjusting the shape of the end teeth 8a, it is possible to obtain the stall thrust of the motor 1 which is a linear motor. Further reduction. That is, the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor is different from the rotary motor in that the armature 2 is not continuous in a ring shape, and an end portion of the armature 2 is present in a linear direction in which the armature 2 moves and is discontinuous. Therefore, the structure is discontinuous due to the presence of the end portion of the armature 2 and the thrust component of the motor 1 is increased. In this embodiment, since the shape of the end teeth 8a is different from the shape of the middle teeth 8b, it is possible to suppress the cogging component caused by the discontinuity of the armature 2 and to obtain the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor Sudden thrust thrust is further reduced. It is also possible to increase the thrust of the motor 1.

In addition, in the example described above, although the shape of each of the end teeth 8a located at the ends on both sides of the armature core 4 is different from the shape of the middle teeth 8b, only the ends of the teeth may be made. The shape of the end teeth 8a located at the end of one side of the armature core 4 among 8a is different from the shape of the middle teeth 8b.

In addition, in the above-mentioned example, although the reduction of the thrust force of the motor 1 is made by making the shape of the end teeth 8a different from the shape of the middle teeth 8b, the end teeth 8a and the ends can also be reduced. The distance between the intermediate teeth 8b of the partition wall 8a, that is, the distance between the end teeth 8b, and the distance between the intermediate teeth 8b, that is, the distance between the intermediate teeth 8b, are different from each other to suppress discontinuity caused by the armature 2. In order to reduce the sudden thrust component of the motor 1 due to the sudden rotation component caused by the nature.

Embodiment 9.

Fig. 10 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In this example, in the same manner as in Embodiment 8, each tooth 8 provided at an end portion of both sides of the armature core 4 in the straight line direction along which the teeth 8 are aligned is an end tooth 8a, and each other than the end tooth 8a The teeth 8 are intermediate teeth 8b. In addition, in this example, it is assumed that the middle portion tooth 8b located in the partition wall of each end portion tooth 8a among the middle portion teeth 8b is an end adjacent tooth 8c. Each tooth 8 is defined as described above, and the shape of each end adjacent tooth 8c is different from that of the other teeth 8, that is, the shape of each of the intermediate tooth 8b and the end tooth 8a other than the end adjacent tooth 8c is different. In this example, the shape of the permanent magnet 5 accommodated in the end adjacent teeth 8c is different from the shape of the permanent magnet 5 accommodated in the teeth 8 other than the end adjacent teeth 8c, whereby each end is adjacent to the teeth 8c. The shape is different from that of the other teeth 8. In addition, in this example, the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 accommodated in the end adjacent to the teeth 8 c is larger than the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 accommodated in the other teeth 8. The shape of each of the intermediate portion teeth 8b and the end portion teeth 8a other than the end adjacent teeth 8c is formed to be the same shape as each other. The remaining structure is the same as that of the eighth embodiment.

In the motor 1 as described above, the shape of the end adjacent teeth 8c located on the partition wall of the end teeth 8a is different from that of the teeth 8 other than the end adjacent teeth 8c. Therefore, it is possible to suppress instability caused by the armature 2. The cogging component caused by the continuity can further reduce the cogging thrust of the motor 1. It is also possible to increase the thrust of the motor 1.

In addition, in the example described above, although the shape of each of the adjacent teeth 8c at the end portions on both sides of the armature core 4 is different from the shape of the other teeth 8, it may be located only on one side of the armature core 4. The shape of the end abutting tooth 8 c is different from that of the other teeth 8.

Embodiment 10.

Fig. 11 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the number Q of the teeth 8 is set to a value satisfying the following formula (7), and the number N of the salient poles 32 facing the Q teeth 8 is set to satisfy the following formula (8) value.

Q = 3. k. m ... (7)

N = (3.k ± 0.5). m ... (8)

Among them, k is a natural number of 2 or more, that is, k = 2, 3, 4, ...; m is a natural number of 1 or more, that is, m = 1, 2, 3, ....

In this example, k = 2, m = 2, Q = 112, and N = 11.

Fig. 12 shows that the motor of the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies Q = 3. k. A table of combinations of values of k, m, and Q at m. In addition, Fig. 13 shows that the motor of the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k + 0.5). A table of combinations of values of k, m, and N at m. In addition, Fig. 14 shows that the motor according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k-0.5). A table of combinations of values of k, m, and N at m. In addition, Fig. 15 shows that the motor according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k + 0.5). A table of combinations of k, m, and pole slot values at m. In addition, Fig. 16 shows that the motor of the tenth embodiment of the present invention satisfies N = (3.k-0.5). A table of combinations of k, m, and pole slot values at m. In addition, in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the notation of the value of the pole slot matching is a notation method in which "P" is added to the number of poles and "S" is added to the number of teeth, that is, the number of slots. For example, when the number of poles is five and the number of teeth is six, "5P6S" is used as the value of the pole slot.

As shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, in this embodiment, Q and N are set in the range of k> 1 and m ≧ 1, and corresponding to the values of k and m. The remaining structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In the motor 1 as described above, Q satisfies the above formula (7) and N satisfies the above formula (8), so that the fundamental wave of torque can be increased, and the torque of the motor 1 can be increased. In addition, since k> 1, the winding factor is increased, and an increase in torque can be achieved, and a reduction in the cogging torque due to the pole slot arrangement can be achieved.

In addition, since m = 2 is satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8), the cogging torque generated by the action of the salient pole piece 3 and the permanent magnet 5 can be canceled between the teeth 8 . Therefore, it is possible to further suppress the cogging torque.

In addition, compared with satisfying N = (3.k + 0.5) in motor 1. When m, satisfy N = (3.k-0.5). At m, the fundamental wave of the magnetic flux density of the air gap existing between the armature core 4 and the salient pole piece 3 increases more. Therefore, by satisfying Q = 3. k. m and satisfy N = (3.k-0.5). In the m method, the number of teeth 8 and the number of salient poles 32 are set, and the torque of the motor 1 can be further increased.

Embodiment 11.

Fig. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration of a motor according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Q and N satisfy the above formula (7) and (8), and in the above formula (7) and (8), m = 1 and k> 1. In this example, m = 1 and k = 2 are satisfied. Therefore, in this example, Q = 6 and N = 5.5. The remaining structure is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

In the motor 1 described above, Q and N satisfy the above formula (7) and the above formula (8), and in the above formula (7) and the above formula (8), m = 1 and k> 1 are satisfied. The number of teeth 8 and permanent magnets 5 is minimized in each pole slot arrangement. For example, the pole slot arrangement of "10P12S" can be changed to "5P6S", and the pole slot arrangement of "16P18S" can be changed to "8P9S". Thereby, when the volume of the motor 1 is fixed, the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 can be maximized in each pole groove arrangement, and the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 5 to the salient pole piece 3 can be increased. Therefore, the induced voltage of the armature 2 can be increased, and the thrust of the motor 1 can be increased.

In this example, since m = 1, k = 2, Q = 6, and N = 5.5, the number of permanent magnets 5 can be minimized in the motor 1 that operates with a 5: 6 series pole slot. . Thereby, the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 can be maximized in the 5: 6 series pole groove arrangement, the magnetic flux density of the air gap can be increased, and the thrust of the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor can be increased.

In addition, compared with satisfying N = (3.k + 0.5). When m, satisfy N = (3.k-0.5). At m, the fundamental wave of the magnetic flux density of the air gap can be increased more. Accordingly, by satisfying N = (3.k-0.5). m can further increase the thrust of the motor 1 belonging to the linear motor.

In the above example, although Q and N satisfy the above formulae (7) and (8), in the above formulae (7) and (8), m = 1 and k> 1 are used online. Motor, but Q and N satisfying the above formula (7) and (8), and the formula (7) and (8) satisfying m = 1 and k> 1 can also be used in the rotary motor. . In this way, the thickness of the permanent magnet 5 can be maximized in each pole groove arrangement, and the torque of the rotary motor can be increased.

Embodiment 12.

Fig. 18 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Q and N satisfy the above formula (7) and (8), and in the above formula (7) and (8), m = 2 and k> 1. In this example, m = 2 and k = 2 are satisfied. Thus, in this example, Q = 112 and N = 11.

When m = 2 is satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8), the 1f component of the cogging torque generated by the action of the salient pole piece 3 and the permanent magnet 5 is the same as the change of the air gap. The cogging torque component appearing in the period of time is generated in a direction that cancels between the teeth 8. In addition, in FIG. 18, for the sake of convenience of explanation, numbers 1 to 12 (numbers circled by a circular frame) assigned to each tooth 8 in a straight direction are shown as tooth numbers.

FIG. 19 is a vector diagram showing the 1f component of the cogging torque generated by each tooth 8 in FIG. 18. In FIG. 19, the vector of the 1f component of the cogging torque generated individually by each tooth 8 of FIG. 18 is shown in a unified manner for each tooth number 1 to 12. As shown in FIG. 19, it can be seen that when the 1f component of the torsional torque generated by each of the teeth 8 of the tooth numbers 1 to 12 is added, the combined vector of the 1f component of the torsional torque is almost zero. The remaining structure is the same as that of the eleventh embodiment.

In the motor 1 as described above, Q and N satisfy the above equations (7) and (8), and m = 2 and k> 1 in the above equations (7) and (8). Therefore, it is possible to make The 1f component of the cogging torque generated in each tooth 8 cancels. This makes it possible to further reduce the cogging torque of the motor 1.

Embodiment 13.

Fig. 20 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Q and N satisfy the above formula (7) and (8), and in the above formula (7) and (8), m = 4 and k> 1. In this example, m = 4, k = 2, Q = 24, and N = 22. In this example, the motor 1 is configured as a rotary motor.

When m = 4 is satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8), the shape of the salient pole piece 3 when viewed along the axis A becomes a symmetrical shape with respect to a straight line passing through the axis A. In addition, when m = 4 is satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8), the polar groove combination seen when viewed along the axis A becomes the first straight line and the second straight line that pass through the axis A and are orthogonal to each other. One of them is symmetrical. The remaining structure is the same as that of the tenth embodiment.

In the motor 1 described above, Q and N satisfy the above equations (7) and (8), and m = 4 and k> 1 are satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8). Therefore, it is possible to ensure that The shape symmetry of the salient pole piece 3 and the symmetry of the pole grooves of the motor 1. This makes it possible to reduce vibration and noise of the motor 1.

In addition, since the symmetry of the induced voltage of the armature 2 can be ensured, two parallel connections can be used for the wiring of the plurality of armature windings 6. When a plurality of armature windings 6 are connected in parallel by a plurality of parallel connections, the adjacent armature windings 6 of the same phase are connected in series, respectively, thereby forming a series of armature windings of a plurality of groups in the same phase, and then the armature of the plurality of groups in the same phase is connected. The winding series is connected in parallel. In a motor in which an armature winding series part of a complex array in the same phase is connected in parallel, let n be a natural number of 2 or more, and m = 2. The relationship of n is established, and the number of parallel connections C of the armature winding series parts in the same phase is a factor other than 1 of n. In addition, when m = 2. When the relationship of n is established and the parallel number C of the armature winding series in the same phase is a factor of n other than 1, the number of armature windings 6 connected in series in one armature winding series is Q / (3.C ). Thereby, the balance of the induced voltage can be improved, and the torque ripple, vibration, and noise of the motor 1 can be reduced.

Embodiment 14.

Fig. 21 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, Q and N satisfy the above equations (7) and (8), and in the above equations (7) and (8), m = 2 and k = 2. With this, Q = 112, N = 11 or 13. Therefore, when N = 11, motor 1 operates with 10 poles and 12 slots; when N = 13, motor 1 operates with 14 poles and 12 slots. In this example, the motor 1 is configured as a rotary motor.

Considering the balance between the air gap G, the thickness d of the permanent magnet 5, and the winding factor, when m = 2 and k = 2 are satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8), the air gap G becomes 2 mm. The ratio of the circumferential length D of the outer circumferential surface 4a of the armature core 4 to the thickness d of the single permanent magnet 5 to 4 mm is (37 to 45): 1 to maximize the induced voltage of the armature 2. The remaining structure is the same as that of the tenth embodiment.

In the motor 1 described above, Q and N satisfy the above equations (7) and (8), and m = 2 and k = 2 in the above equations (7) and (8). Therefore, by Considering the balance of the air gap G, the thickness d of the permanent magnet 5 and the winding factor, the size of each of the air gap, the armature core 4 and the permanent magnet 5 can be adjusted to increase the induced voltage of the armature 2. This makes it possible to reduce the standstill torque of the motor 1 belonging to the rotary motor.

Embodiment 15.

Fig. 22 is a structural diagram showing a motor according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, as in Embodiment 14, Q and N satisfy the above formula (7) and (8), and in the above formula (7) and (8), m = 2 and k = 2. With this, Q = 112, N = 11 or 13. Therefore, when N = 11, motor 1 operates with 10 poles and 12 slots; when N = 13, motor 1 operates with 14 poles and 12 slots. In this example, the motor 1 is configured as a linear motor.

Considering the balance between the air gap G, the thickness d of the permanent magnet 5, and the winding factor, when m = 2 and k = 2 are satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8), the air gap G becomes 2 mm. The ratio of the total length D of the armature core 4 in the linear direction to 4 mm to the thickness d of the single permanent magnet 5 is (37 to 45): 1 to maximize the induced voltage of the armature 2. The remaining structure is the same as that of the eleventh embodiment.

In the motor 1 described above, Q and N satisfy the above equations (7) and (8), and m = 2 and k = 2 in the above equations (7) and (8). Therefore, by Considering the balance of the air gap G, the thickness d of the permanent magnet 5, and the winding factor, adjusting the size of each of the air gap G, the armature core 4, and the permanent magnet 5 can increase the induced voltage of the armature 2, and can be a linear motor. Decrease of the thrust force of the motor 1. That is, even if the motor 1 is a linear motor, the same effects as those of the rotary motor can be obtained.

In Embodiments 14 and 15, although m = 2 is satisfied in the above equations (7) and (8), as long as k = 2, even if m is a natural number of 1 or 3 or more, It is still possible to reduce the cogging torque or the cogging thrust of the motor 1.

Claims (10)

    A motor comprising: an armature having an armature core, a plurality of permanent magnets, and a plurality of armature windings, wherein the armature core has a plurality of teeth arranged adjacent to each other, and the plurality of permanent magnets Each of the plurality of teeth is contained in the plurality of teeth, and the plurality of armature windings are provided in each of the plurality of teeth; and a salient pole piece having one or more salient poles so that the salient poles face the teeth The armature and the salient pole pieces can be relatively moved in the direction of the plurality of teeth arranged; each of the permanent magnets accommodated by two adjacent teeth adjacent to each other is arranged so that the same magnetic poles face each other; Assuming that the pitch of the teeth is P1 and the pitch of the salient poles is P2, (P1 / P2) <1/6 or 5/6 <(P1 / P2) <7/6 is satisfied.         For example, the motor described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein if the pitch of the aforementioned permanent magnet is P3, 5 <P1 / P3 <10 is satisfied.         The motor according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the number of the teeth is Q, the number of the salient poles opposite to the Q teeth is N, and k is a natural number of 2 or more, If m is a natural number greater than 1, then Q = 3 is satisfied. k. m and N = (3.k ± 0.5). m.         The motor according to item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein m = 1 is satisfied.         The motor according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein m = 2 is satisfied.         The motor according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein m = 4 is satisfied.         The motor according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein k = 2 is satisfied.         The motor according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein a plurality of in-phase armature windings are connected in series to form a plurality of in-phase armature winding series sections; the aforesaid plurality of in-phase armature winding series sections Via parallel connection; if n is a natural number greater than 2, then m = 2. The relationship of n holds; the parallel number C of the armature winding series parts in the same complex array in the same phase is a factor other than 1 of n; the number of the armature windings connected in series in the armature winding series part is Q / ( 3. C).         The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the salient pole pieces are arranged in a linear direction; the plurality of tooth systems are aligned in the linear direction; the armature system is configured to be able to face the aforementioned The linear direction moves relative to the aforementioned salient pole piece.         The motor according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the number of the teeth is Q, the number of the salient poles facing the Q teeth is N, and k is a natural number of 2 or more, If m is a natural number greater than 1, then Q = 3 is satisfied. k. m and N = (3.k ± 0.5). m.