TW201629343A - 管件之積層製造 - Google Patents
管件之積層製造 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
- F16L9/127—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement the walls consisting of a single layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/236—Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/25—Housings, e.g. machine housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/14—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water between the surface and the bottom
- F16L1/15—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water between the surface and the bottom vertically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
- F16L1/20—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
- F16L1/202—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights fixed on or to vessels
- F16L1/206—Apparatus for forming or coating the pipes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
- B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
- B29K2023/0608—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its density
- B29K2023/065—HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
- B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本發明揭示管件之積層製造(Additive manufacturing)。一降低機構經組態以相對於一平台耦合且降低一管件使其穿過該平台中之一開口。一擠出頭經組態以接收材料且選擇性地經由一管嘴擠出該材料。一起重機架耦合至該擠出頭且經組態以移動該擠出頭至一經識別的位置。一控制器耦合至該起重機架且經組態以基於識別該管件之一幾何形狀的管件資料引導該起重機架移動該擠出頭。一穩定器機構經組態以在擠出該材料期間維持該管件在一所要位置。
Description
本申請案主張2014年11月13日申請之標題為「ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF PIPES」的臨時專利申請案第62/079,187號之權利,該案之全部內容以引入的方式併入本文中。
實施例通常係關於管件製造,且特定言之係關於管件之積層製造。
將海洋熱能轉換(Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion;OTEC)作為電能的可再生來源的興趣越來越濃。OTEC使用海洋的天然熱梯度來產生電力。在具有溫熱表面水及寒冷深水之地理區域中,可利用溫度差來驅動轉動一渦輪機及產生電力之一蒸汽循環。溫熱表面海水通過一熱交換器,蒸發一低沸點工作流體來驅動一渦輪發電機,藉此產生電。遺憾的是,OTEC所面臨的一個挑戰係需要一冷水管(cold water pipe;CWP),該冷水管必須能夠從海洋中深處汲取大體積水至海面。
用於OTEC中之一CWP很長且具有一大直徑。例如,一CWP之直徑可為4米(m)且長度可超過1000m。習知CWP藉由以下方式而就地建造:將較小的管件段耦合在一起以形成具有所要長度之一CWP,或藉由在一深水位置模製管件段及在模製該等管件段時組裝其等。習知CWP建造技術存在許多問題,包含建造此一管件所需要的時間量及模
製管件段所需要的空間量。僅此等問題可使OTEC不能實行於許多原本適當的應用。因此,一種避免此等問題之CWP製造技術將係有益的。
實施例係關於利用積層製造產生一管件之機構。該等實施例有利於就地垂直產生具有一相對較大直徑之一相對較長管件。在一些實施例中,管件可具有一超過4米(m)之內徑且具有一大於1000m之長度。除其他特徵外,實施例在很大程度上減少了將一冷水管件(CWP)放置於一海洋熱能轉換(OTEC)系統中所必需花費的時間。
在一實施例中,提供一種系統。該系統包含一降低機構,該降低機構經組態以相對於一平台耦合且降低一管件總成使其穿過平台中之一開口。該系統亦包含一擠出頭,該擠出頭經組態以接收材料且經由一管嘴選擇性地擠出材料。一起重機架耦合至擠出頭且經組態以移動擠出頭至一經識別的位置。一控制器耦合至起重機架且經組態以基於識別該管件總成之一幾何形狀的管件資料控制起重機架移動擠出頭。一穩定器機構經組態以維持管件總成在一所要位置。
在一實施例中,降低機構包括複數個絞車,該等絞車包括對應的纜索,其中各纜索經組態以耦合至管件總成。在一實施例中,管件總成可包含一材料環,諸如一配重塊,在該材料環上產生一管壁。
在一實施例中,材料包括高密度聚乙烯。
在一實施例中,控制器經組態以引導擠出頭產生管件總成之一管壁成為一多孔結構。該多孔結構可依據一空隙對材料比率而特徵化。在一實施例中,該空隙對材料比率沿著管壁之一縱向長度變化。
在一實施例中,控制器耦合至降低機構且經進一步組態以選擇性地發信號通知降低機構進入一停止模式或進入一降低模式。在一實施例中,該控制器經進一步組態以發信號通知起重機架移動擠出頭至
管件總成之一末端周圍;發信號通知擠出頭擠出一層材料至管件總成末端之一頂部邊緣上;且在該層材料被擠出在管件總成末端之頂部邊緣上後,發信號通知該降低機構進入降低模式以將管件總成降低一預定距離。
在另一實施例中,提供一種用於產生一管件總成之方法。一材料環相對於一擠出頭定位。該材料環耦合至一降低機構。材料被擠出在該材料環之頂部上以在該材料環上形成一管壁。反覆地,該材料環及該管壁降低一預定距離,且材料被擠出在管壁上以延伸該管壁直至該管壁為一所要長度為止。
在一實施例中,平台形成一開口,且材料環及管壁經降低穿過該平台中之開口。在一實施例中,平台係在水體中,諸如海洋,且材料環及管壁經降低穿過平台中之開口至水體中。
熟悉此項技術者在結合隨附圖式閱讀實施例的下列詳細描述後將瞭解本發明之範圍且認識到其額外態樣。
10‧‧‧海洋熱能轉換(OTEC)系統
12‧‧‧海洋
14‧‧‧冷水管(CWP)總成
16‧‧‧表面區域
18‧‧‧深水區域
20‧‧‧配重塊
22‧‧‧海底
24‧‧‧系統
26‧‧‧海洋熱能轉換(OTEC)平台
28‧‧‧控制器
30‧‧‧處理器
32‧‧‧記憶體
34‧‧‧降低機構
36‧‧‧起重機架
38‧‧‧擠出頭
40‧‧‧穩定器機構
42‧‧‧頂部邊緣
44‧‧‧管壁
46‧‧‧管件總成
48‧‧‧材料環
50‧‧‧外殼
52‧‧‧管件資料
54‧‧‧開口
56‧‧‧頂部邊緣
58‧‧‧管壁
100‧‧‧方塊
102‧‧‧方塊
104‧‧‧方塊
106‧‧‧方塊
108‧‧‧方塊
110‧‧‧方塊
112‧‧‧方塊
併入此說明書中且形成此說明書的一部分之隨附圖式繪示本發明之數個態樣,且與本描述一起用於說明本發明之原理;圖1係一海洋中之一海洋熱能轉換(OTEC)系統之一圖解;圖2係根據一實施例之用於產生一管件總成之一系統之一方塊圖;圖3係繪示根據一實施例之用於產生一管件總成之一系統的特定組件之一簡圖;圖4係根據一實施例之用於產生管件總成之一方法之一流程圖;圖5係根據一實例例之用於產生一管件總成之一系統之一透視圖;圖6係繪示於圖5中之系統之一更詳細透視圖;
圖7係繪示於圖6中角度不同於繪示於圖6中之角度之系統的一透視圖;及圖8係根據一實施例之管件總成之一管壁之一頂部邊緣之一呈現。
下文陳述之實施例代表使熟悉此項技術者能夠實踐該等實施例且繪示實踐該等實施例的最好模式之資訊。在根據隨附圖式閱讀下文描述之後,熟悉此項技術者應明白本發明之概念且應認知沒有在本文中特定提出的此等概念之應用。應明白此等概念及應用落在本發明及隨附申請專利範圍之範疇內。
本文中論述的任何流程圖為說明之目的,有必要以某種順序論述,但是除非另有明確地指示,否則實施例不限於任何特定的步驟順序。在本文中與一數值聯合使用的術語「大約」意為在大於該數值百分之十或小於該數值百分之十之範圍內之任何值。
各實施例係關於一種利用積層製造之管件總成系統。該等實施例有利於就地產生具有一相對較大的直徑之一相對較長的管件。在一些實施例中,管件可具有一超過4米(m)之內徑且具有一大於1000m之長度。除其他特徵外,各實施例在很大程度上降低了將一冷水管(CWP)放置於一海洋熱能轉換(OTEC)系統中必需花費的時間。實施例亦實質上降低組裝一CWP之必要結構尺寸。
圖1係在海洋12中之一OTEC系統10之一圖解。一習知的OTEC系統之某些元件已被省略。OTEC系統10包含自海洋12之一表面區域16延伸至海洋12之一深水區域18之一CWP總成14。CWP總成14可包含幫助在操作期間穩定該CWP總成14之一重物,諸如一配重塊20。在一些設備中,CWP總成14可錨定至一海底22。
在一些實施例中,CWP總成14可具有1000米或更長之一縱向長
度且可具有大於12英呎之一直徑。用於實施CWP總成14之習知機制包含在OTEC系統10的位置處將許多較小的管件段耦合在一起,或在OTEC系統10的位置處模製多個管件段且在模製時將其組裝。此等習知製造技術存在許多問題,包含製造CWP總成14所需的時間量及所需的空間量。一旦CWP總成14經完成並實施,CWP總成14大部分係在水下且因此相對受保護而免受極端天氣(諸如颶風、旋風及類似者)損害。然而,在組裝CWP總成14期間,CWP總成14可係相對易於在極端天氣事件中損壞。因此製造CWP總成14需要的時間越長,嚴峻的天氣損壞部分組裝的CWP總成14之可能性就越高。
圖2係根據一實施例之用於產生一管件總成之一系統24之一方塊圖。系統24實施在一OTEC平台26上,該平台形成一開口,一CWP總成在被製造時可穿過該開口降低至一水體(諸如海洋)。OTEC平台26可包括,例如,錨定在海洋的一深水位置(諸如超過1000m深之一位置)中之一深水平台。一控制器28包含一處理器30及一記憶體32,且負責實施及/或協助本文中描述之各種功能。一降低機構34耦合至正被產生之一管件總成(如在本文中更詳細地描述)及降低管件總成使其穿過OTEC平台26中之開口進入水體中。降低機構34可包括能夠降低一物體之任何適當的結構及組件。在一實施例中,降低機構34包括複數個絞車,各絞車包含可選擇性地撤回或延伸之一纜索。該等纜索連接至該管件總成且反覆地延伸以在該管件總成正被製造時緩慢地降低管件總成使其穿過開口且進入海洋中。
一起重機架36耦合至一擠出頭38且經組態以基於識別該管件總成之一幾何形狀之管件資料移動該擠出頭38。在一實施例中,控制器28存取含有管件資料之一資料結構(諸如一檔案),且基於該管件資料引導起重機架36移動擠出頭38。該管件資料可呈任何所要格式,藉由非限制性實例,諸如,一G碼格式。一穩定器機構40經組態以在擠出
材料期間維持管件在一所要位置。穩定器機構40可包括能夠穩定一管件總成之任何適當的結構及組件,且在一實施例中包括複數個滾筒,該等滾筒分別圍繞該管件總成之一圓周定位且經組態以自不同的各自方向在該管件總成上施加一力使得該管件總成被維持在一所要位置。通常,各實施例在一垂直方向上產生該管件總成。
圖3係繪示根據一實施例之系統24的某些組件之一簡圖。擠出頭38接收來自一材料源(沒有繪示)之一材料,例如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)。亦可利用任何其他可擠壓材料,藉由非限制性實例,諸如,熱塑性塑膠、聚氯乙烯、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(ABS)或乳酸的聚合物(PLA)。擠出頭38擠出材料至一管件總成46之一管壁44之一頂部邊緣42上。管件總成46由穩定器機構40維持在一所要位置,在此實施例中該穩定器機構包括一對相對的滾筒導引件。在一實施例中,管件總成46包含一材料環48,諸如一配重塊,該配重塊既可提供用於沈積材料以形成管壁44之一開始表面又在管件總成46產生時提供重量來幫助穩定該管件總成。降低機構34耦合至該材料環48。材料環48可包括任何所要材料,藉由非限制性實例,包含鋁、不鏽鋼或其他非腐蝕性金屬、玻璃纖維、加工塑膠或類似者。
在操作中,材料環48係首先相對於擠出頭38定位,且耦合至降低機構34。控制器28(圖2)根據管件資料引導起重機架36沿著一圓形型樣移動擠出頭38以在材料環48上形成一初始管壁段。控制器28隨後反覆地控制降低機構34以將管件總成46降低一預定距離,且隨後控制起重機架36及/或擠出頭38以在先前形成的管壁段上形成一額外管壁段以延伸該管件總成46之長度。重複此程序直至管件總成46呈一所要長度為止。在一實施例中,在管件總成46已產生至一所要長度後,控制器28控制起重機架36及/或擠出頭38以在管件總成46之一表面端上形成一凸緣。該凸緣可具有大於管件總成46之外徑的一外徑,且可用
於將管件總成46固定至OTEC系統中的另一組件。
圖4係根據一實施例之產生管件總成46之一方法之一流程圖。起初,材料環48或一些其他類似的支撐結構係相對於擠出頭38定位(方塊100)。材料環48係以任何所要方式耦合至降低機構34(方塊102)。例如,材料環48可被製造有附接機構,降低機構34之纜索可附接至該等附接機構。擠出頭38擠出材料於材料環48之頂部上以在材料環48上形成一管壁段(方塊104)。該管壁段可包括一單個材料層。該材料層的厚度(即各管壁段之高度)可取決於被擠出的特定材料,但是在一些實施例中,該材料層可小於一英寸厚。在一些實施例中,擠出頭38可經組態以加熱材料。降低機構34將管件總成46降低一預定距離(方塊106)。該預定距離可與擠出至管件總成46上之各管壁段之高度相同。反覆地重複此程序直至管件總成46呈一所要長度為止(方塊110)。管件總成46之管壁係單體式。在管件總成46呈所要長度後,可視需要在管件總成46之一末端上形成一凸緣(方塊112)。
圖5係根據一實施例之系統24之一透視圖。
圖6係繪示於圖5中之系統24之一更詳細的透視圖。在此實施例中,起重機架36包括複數個棒,擠出頭38可沿著該等棒移動以將材料擠出在管件總成46上。起重機架36經組態以移動該擠出頭38至一經識別的位置,諸如管件總成46之一頂部邊緣四周。在此實施例中降低機構34包括四個絞車/纜索總成(兩個經標記),該等絞車/纜索總成耦合至平台26且在管件總成46產生時降低管件總成46使其穿過平台26中之一開口進入一水體中。在此實施例中,一外殼50係向環境敞開。然而,在一些實施例中,外殼50可係封閉的,且視需要,可加熱封閉體積以利於軟化及劑出材料。
在一實施例中,控制器28基於識別管件總成46之一幾何形狀之管件資料52控制起重機架36移動擠出頭38。穩定器機構(沒有繪示)維
持管件總成46在一所要位置。如所繪示,管件總成46可在相對於一水平線之一垂直方向上產生。控制器28選擇性地發信號通知降低機構34進入一停止模式或進入一降低模式。特定言之,在一實施例中,控制器28發信號通知降低機構34進入停止模式以停止管件總成46之垂直移動。控制器28控制起重機架36移動擠出頭38至管件總成46之一末端四周且發信號通知擠出頭38擠出一層材料於管件總成46之末端上。在該層材料被擠出在管件總成46之末端之頂部邊緣上後,控制器28發信號通知降低機構34進入降低模式以將管件總成46降低一預定距離,諸如與擠出在管件總成46之末端之頂部邊緣上之一材料層的厚度相等之一距離。
圖7係繪示於圖6中角度不同於繪示於圖6中之系統24之一透視圖。除其他特徵之外,圖7亦繪示成形於平台26中之一開口54,在管件總成46被製造時,管件總成46經降低穿過該開口。
圖8係根據一實施例之管件總成46之一管壁58之一頂部邊緣56之一呈現。在此實施例中,管壁58包括一多孔結構。該多孔結構可依據一空隙對材料比率而特徵化。在一些實施例中,該空隙對材料比率沿著管壁58之一長度而變化。例如,管件總成46之一底部部分處的空隙對材料比率可大於管件總成46之一頂部部分處的空隙對材料比率。特定言之,作用於管件總成46上的海洋流及其他力在水體的較深部分弱於在水體的較高部分。因此管件總成46之下部部分可比管件總成46之上部部分需要更少的結構完整性,且需要更少的材料來產生管件總成46之下部部分。
考慮到將定位管件總成46之各自部分之操作深度,管件總成46之空隙對材料比率可沿著管件總成46之縱向長度連續變化。替代地,再次考慮到將定位管件總成46之各自部分之操作深度,該空隙對材料比率可沿著管件總成46之縱向長度逐步變化。管件總成46之管壁44可
係任何想要厚度。在一些實施例中,管壁44的厚度可係在大約2英寸與大約2英呎之間的範圍中。管件總成46之管壁44之厚度亦可沿著管件總成46之縱向長度變化。沿著管件總成46之任一點處的特定的空隙對材料比率可取決於大量參數,藉由非限制性實例,包含一所要軸向硬度、一所要彈性、一所要箍強度及沿著管件總成46之各各自深度的所要浮力。在其他實施例中,管壁44可係一實心的、非多孔結構,其之厚度基於將定位管件總成46之各自部分之操作深度而變化。
熟悉此項技術者應認知對本發明之較佳實施例的改良及修改。全部此等改良及修改被視為在本文中所揭示之概念及下述之申請專利範圍之範疇內。
16‧‧‧處理器
18‧‧‧深水區域
24‧‧‧系統
26‧‧‧海洋熱能轉換(OTEC)平台
28‧‧‧控制器
34‧‧‧降低機構
36‧‧‧起重機架
38‧‧‧擠出頭
46‧‧‧管件總成
50‧‧‧外殼
52‧‧‧管件資料
Claims (24)
- 一種用於產生一管件總成之系統,其包括:一降低機構,其經組態以耦合至形成一開口之一平台,該降低機構經組態以降低一管件總成使其穿過該開口;一擠出頭,其經組態以:接收材料;及選擇性地經由一管嘴擠出該材料;一起重機架,其耦合至該擠出頭且經組態以移動該擠出頭至一經識別的位置;一控制器,其包括一處理器,該控制器耦合至該起重機架且經組態以基於識別該管件總成之一幾何形狀之管件資料控制該起重機架移動該擠出頭;及一穩定器機構,其經組態以維持該管件總成在一所要位置。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該擠出頭經進一步組態以加熱該材料。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該降低機構包括複數個絞車,各絞車包括一纜索,各纜索經組態以耦合至該管件總成。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該材料包括高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該系統經進一步組態以在相對於一水平線之一垂直定向上產生該管件總成。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該控制器經進一步組態以引導該擠出頭產生該管件總成之一管壁成為一多孔結構。
- 如請求項6之系統,其中該多孔結構可依據一空隙對材料比率而特徵化,且其中該空隙對材料比率沿著該管壁之一縱向長度變化。
- 如請求項7之系統,其中該管件總成之一底部部分處之該空隙對 材料比率大於該管件總成之一頂部部分處之該空隙對材料比率。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該系統經進一步組態以產生具有一大於4米之內徑之該管件總成。
- 如請求項1之系統,其中該控制器耦合至該降低機構且經進一步組態以選擇性地發信號通知該降低機構進入一停止模式或進入一降低模式。
- 如請求項10之系統,其中該控制器經進一步組態以:發信號通知該起重機架移動該擠出頭至該管件總成之一末端周圍;發信號通知該擠出頭擠出一層材料至該管件總成之該末端之一頂部邊緣上;及在該層材料擠出至該管件總成之該末端之該頂部邊緣上後,發信號通知該降低機構進入該降低模式以將該管件總成降低一預定距離。
- 一種用於產生一管件總成之方法,其包括:相對於一擠出頭定位一材料環;耦合該材料環至一降低機構;擠出材料於該材料環之頂部上以在該材料環上形成一管壁;及反覆地:1)將該材料環及該管壁降低一預定距離;及2)擠出該材料於該管壁上以延伸該管壁直至該管壁為一所要長度為止。
- 如請求項12之方法,其進一步包括降低該材料環及該管壁使其穿過一平台中之一開口。
- 如請求項13之方法,其進一步包括降低該材料環及該管壁使其 穿過該平台中之該開口至一水體中。
- 如請求項14之方法,其進一步包括在擠出該材料於該管壁上的同時,穩定該管壁。
- 如請求項12之方法,其進一步包括擠出該材料以產生該管壁成為一多孔結構。
- 如請求項12之方法,其進一步包括擠出該材料以產生該管壁成為一多孔結構,該多孔結構可依據一空隙對材料比率而特徵化。
- 如請求項17之方法,其進一步包括擠出該材料以產生該管壁為該多孔結構,該多孔結構包括沿著該管壁之一縱向長度而不同之一空隙對材料比率。
- 如請求項18之方法,其中該管壁之該空隙對材料比率沿著該管壁之該縱向長度減小。
- 如請求項12之方法,其中該降低機構包括複數個絞車,各絞車包括複數個纜索之一纜索,且其中耦合該材料環至該降低機構進一步包括耦合該材料環至該複數個纜索。
- 如請求項12之方法,其進一步包括在該管壁之一末端上形成一凸緣,該凸緣具有大於該管壁之一外徑之一外徑。
- 如請求項12之方法,其中該材料環包括一配重塊。
- 一種管件總成,其包括:一單體式管壁,其具有大於1000英呎之一縱向長度;且該單體式管壁具有一多孔結構,該單體式管壁可依據一空隙對材料比率而特徵化。
- 如請求項23之管件總成,其中該單體式管壁之該空隙對材料比率在沿著該單體式管壁之該縱向長度之至少兩個不同位置處不同。
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US14/932,186 | 2015-11-04 | ||
US14/932,186 US10197196B2 (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2015-11-04 | Additive manufacturing of pipes |
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TW201629343A true TW201629343A (zh) | 2016-08-16 |
TWI683957B TWI683957B (zh) | 2020-02-01 |
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TW104137074A TWI683957B (zh) | 2014-11-13 | 2015-11-10 | 管件之積層製造 |
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EP (3) | EP3750791A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6810390B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102212943B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN107000312B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2966284A1 (zh) |
MX (2) | MX2017005946A (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI683957B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016077119A1 (zh) |
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WO2015033141A1 (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-12 | Bae Systems Plc | Conduit system |
EP3750791A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2020-12-16 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Pipe assembly comprising cellular structure with varying density |
US10782071B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2020-09-22 | General Electric Company | Tubular array heat exchanger |
CN107599415A (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-19 | 成都纺织高等专科学校 | 一种3d打印服坯气压支撑装置 |
CN113168488B (zh) * | 2018-09-12 | 2024-09-17 | 西门子工业软件有限公司 | 用于3d打印的内部通道网络检测 |
US11491703B2 (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2022-11-08 | Science Applications International Corporation | Printed hollow bodies and systems and methods for printing hollow bodies |
WO2023133252A1 (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-07-13 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Methodology to enable the use of oxide dispersion strengthened alloys and precipitation strengthed nickel-based alloys for advanced energy systems |
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US4157194A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1979-06-05 | Tokan Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Thermoplastic multi-walled pipes |
JPS53140799A (en) * | 1977-05-12 | 1978-12-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Device for dropping heavy article from floating structure into water |
JPS595102B2 (ja) * | 1981-01-10 | 1984-02-02 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | プラスチツクスパイプの製造方法 |
US4497342A (en) * | 1983-06-20 | 1985-02-05 | Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. | Flexible retractable cold water pipe for an ocean thermal energy conversion system |
JPS62255124A (ja) * | 1986-04-28 | 1987-11-06 | Tatsuo Togawa | ロボツトによる三次元形成物の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP2597778B2 (ja) * | 1991-01-03 | 1997-04-09 | ストラタシイス,インコーポレイテッド | 三次元対象物組み立てシステム及び組み立て方法 |
TWI282397B (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2007-06-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Deep ocean water drawing device |
TWI316108B (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2009-10-21 | Chinese Petroleum Corp | Method for drawing deep ocean water |
US8568121B2 (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2013-10-29 | University Of Southern California | Techniques for sensing material flow rate in automated extrusion |
US7735321B2 (en) | 2008-01-15 | 2010-06-15 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | OTEC cold water pipe system |
JP5671454B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-13 | 2015-02-18 | ロッキード マーティン コーポレーション | 連続するファイバ合成部品をモールド成形する方法と装置。 |
US8337731B2 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2012-12-25 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Article comprising a dry fabric seal for liquid resin molding processes |
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KR102170586B1 (ko) * | 2012-10-16 | 2020-10-27 | 더 아벨 파운데이션, 인크. | 해양 열에너지 변환 파이프 연결부 |
MY175943A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2020-07-16 | Univ Malaya | A method of producing a unitary pipe having a combination of square and circular cross sections |
CN103925819A (zh) * | 2013-02-17 | 2014-07-16 | 上海交通大学 | 具有渐变形貌特征的通孔金属泡沫热管换热装置 |
US9562632B1 (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2017-02-07 | United Services Automobile Association (Usaa) | Fabricating conduits |
EP3750791A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2020-12-16 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Pipe assembly comprising cellular structure with varying density |
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- 2015-11-04 EP EP19159625.3A patent/EP3539860B1/en active Active
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- 2015-11-04 CN CN201580060279.5A patent/CN107000312B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CA2966284A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
JP6810390B2 (ja) | 2021-01-06 |
JP2017535471A (ja) | 2017-11-30 |
WO2016077119A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
EP3750791A1 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
US10690270B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 |
KR20170082593A (ko) | 2017-07-14 |
EP3218257A4 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
MX2019011810A (es) | 2019-11-25 |
MX2017005946A (es) | 2017-10-24 |
US20190128448A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
CN107000312A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
EP3218257A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
US20160138736A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
CN107000312B (zh) | 2019-07-09 |
EP3218257B1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
EP3539860A1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
US10197196B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 |
KR102212943B1 (ko) | 2021-02-04 |
TWI683957B (zh) | 2020-02-01 |
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