TW201543539A - 具有作爲蝕刻止檔之SiGeC層之接合之半導體結構 - Google Patents
具有作爲蝕刻止檔之SiGeC層之接合之半導體結構 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229910003811 SiGeC Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 88
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLSWGVMPCAGEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ge].[Ge].[C] Chemical compound [Ge].[Ge].[C] YLSWGVMPCAGEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本發明揭示一種半導體結構,其利用接合在一起之一第一晶圓(例如,一處置晶圓)及一第二晶圓(例如,一塊體矽晶圓)形成。該第二晶圓包含一作用層,其在一些實施例中於該兩個晶圓接合在一起之前形成。使用作為一蝕刻止擋之一SiGeC層在與該第一晶圓相對之該作用層之一側上從該第二晶圓移除一基板。在一些實施例中,接著移除該SiGeC層;但在一些其他實施例中,其保持為一應力引發層。
Description
本申請案主張2014年3月24日申請之美國專利申請案第14/223,060號之優先權,該案之全部內容以引用的方式併入本文中。
層轉移或晶圓接合技術可用於形成具有一塊體基板層、一埋入氧化物(BOX)層及一半導體層之一絕緣體上半導體(SOI)晶圓之層。接著具有主動裝置及導電互連件之積體電路(IC)可形成至半導體層中及半導體層上。
一替代層轉移程序可以一SOI晶圓(具有已形成之一主動裝置層)開始,將SOI晶圓翻轉,將SOI晶圓接合至一處置晶圓且接著移除塊體基板及BOX。以此方式,主動裝置層轉移至處置晶圓。此外,處置晶圓可能先前已經歷其他處理,使得所得接合之半導體結構可具有難以在受到所有必要之處理步驟之一單個晶圓中達成之期望特征。例如,處置晶圓可具有擁有一富阱層之一基板,使得所得半導體結構具有介於主動裝置層與基板之間之富阱層。但是,若已使用一單個晶圓且富阱層已在主動裝置層之前形成於晶圓中,則用於形成主動裝置層之處理技術可能已使富阱層降級。因此,在此實例中,涉及分離地處理
晶圓之層轉移程序實現一更佳之最終產品。
在一些方面或對於一些應用,SOI技術之發展表示優於傳統塊體半導體程序之演進。但是,SOI晶圓一般比簡單之塊體半導體晶圓更複雜及昂貴。增加之費用之部分係歸因於在主動裝置製造可開始之前製造SOI晶圓所需之額外處理步驟。
在一些實施例中,一半導體結構利用接合在一起之一第一晶圓(例如,一處置晶圓)及一第二晶圓(例如,一塊體矽晶圓)形成。該第二晶圓包含一基板、一SiGeC(矽-鍺-碳)層及一作用層。使用作為一蝕刻止擋之該SiGeC層在與該第一晶圓相對之該作用層之一側上從該第二晶圓移除該基板。
在一些實施例中,接著移除該SiGeC層;但在一些其他實施例中,其保持為一應力引發層。在一些實施例中,該作用層及該SiGeC層在該兩個晶圓接合在一起之前形成。在一些實施例中,該作用層包含一閘極及一通道,且在該第二晶圓至該第一晶圓之該接合之後,該閘極係介於該通道與該第一晶圓之間。在一些實施例中,該第一晶圓包含一富阱層。
100‧‧‧半導體結構
101‧‧‧第一晶圓
102‧‧‧第二晶圓
103‧‧‧接合層
104‧‧‧富阱層
105‧‧‧基板層
106‧‧‧作用層
107‧‧‧主動裝置
108‧‧‧絕緣體層
109‧‧‧源極
110‧‧‧汲極
111‧‧‧通道
112‧‧‧閘極
200‧‧‧基板
201‧‧‧矽-鍺-碳(SiGeC)層
202‧‧‧半導體層
圖1係根據本發明之一實施例之一半導體結構之一簡化截面圖。
圖2及圖3係可用於形成根據本發明之一實施例之圖1中所示之半導體結構的一第一晶圓之不同製造階段之簡化截面圖。
圖4係可用於形成根據本發明之一實施例之圖1中所示之半導體結構的一第二晶圓之一簡化截面圖。
圖5、圖6及圖7係根據本發明之一實施例之圖1中所示之半導體結構的不同製造階段之簡化截面圖。
現將詳細參考揭示之本發明之實施例,其等一或多個實例繪示於附圖中。各實例藉由本技術之解釋來提供,而非作為對本技術之限制。事實上,熟悉此項技術者將了解可在不脫離於本技術之精神及範疇下在本技術中實現修改及變動。例如,繪示或描述為一實施例之部分之特征可與另一實施例一起使用以產生又一實施例。因此,意欲本標的覆蓋隨附申請專利範圍及其等等效例之範疇內之所有此等修改及變動。
根據本發明之一實施例,在圖1中展示一半導體結構100。半導體結構100可併入於一整體IC晶片(未展示)中。半導體結構100一般包含已接合在一起之一第一晶圓101及一第二晶圓102之一剩餘部分。在一些實施例中,第一晶圓101係一處置晶圓,其為半導體結構100提供結構強度。在一些實施例中,第二晶圓102係一塊體半導體晶圓,而非一絕緣體上半導體(SOI)晶圓。因為第二晶圓102可為一塊體半導體晶圓,所以CMOS處理之前之第二晶圓102之最初成本一般小於一SOI晶圓之成本。此外,因為一SOI晶圓之標準基板及埋入氧化物(BOX)將必須移除以形成與第二晶圓102之剩餘部分相當之一結構,所以無必要以一SOI晶圓開始來形成半導體結構100。因此,本發明之一優點係一較便宜之塊體半導體晶圓可用於第二晶圓102。將在以下描述中了解額外優點。
第一晶圓101一般包含一接合層103、一富阱層104及一基板層105。額外組件亦可併入於第一晶圓101中,但為了簡單起見並未展示。
第二晶圓102之剩餘部分一般包含至少一作用層106。作用層106一般將主動裝置107及一絕緣體層108包含於其中。主動裝置107一般包含一源極109、一汲極110、一通道111及一閘極112。在一些實施例中,作用層106亦包含一接合層。或者,絕緣體層108(或外表面處之其至少一薄部分)可用作接合層。額外組件亦可併入於作用層106中,但為了簡單起見並未展示。
因為富阱層104使富阱層104中之電荷載子之載子壽命明顯降級,所以第一晶圓101中之富阱層104有效地對抗寄生表面導電。因為載子不能行進地較遠,所以基板層105之有效電阻保留且由作用層106所見之電容並非取決於作用層106中之信號。用於形成半導體結構100之下文描述之程序一般保留富阱層104之功效且最小化半導體結構100係一部分之整體IC晶片之完整性之破壞。
本文參考圖2至圖7描述根據本發明之一實施例之用於形成半導體結構100之一程序。如圖2中所示,第二晶圓102一般以一塊體半導體(例如,矽等等)基板200開始。一矽-鍺-碳(SiGeC)層201及一半導體層202形成至塊體半導體基板200中或塊體半導體基板200上。SiGeC層201可磊晶地生長於塊體半導體基板200上或離子植入至塊體半導體基板200中或由任何其他適當程序形成。半導體層202可磊晶地生長於SiGeC層201上。若SiGeC層201由離子植入形成且植入足夠深,則半導體層202可為植入之SiGeC層201上之塊體半導體基板200之一部分(或可由上述形成)。
主動裝置107及絕緣體層108如圖3中所示由CMOS處理形成至半導體層202中及半導體層202上。以此方式,作用層106形成於SiGeC層201上,其中通道
111介於閘極112與SiGeC層201之間。此外,在一些實施例中,拋光絕緣體層108之表面或一接合層(未展示)形成至絕緣體層108上而期望與第一晶圓101之稍後融合接合。
在(例如)與用於形成第二晶圓102之一般在圖2及圖3中所示之程序之任何部分同時之一分離程序中,第一晶圓101如圖4中所示般形成。富阱層104及接合層103可以任何適當方式,例如,藉由美國專利案第8,466,036號中所描述之任何適當之一或多個程序形成,該案宛如完全在本文中提出般以引用的方式併入本文中。
第二晶圓102如圖5中所示般翻轉且接合至第一晶圓101。因此,兩個晶圓101及102面對面接合,即其中第二晶圓102之前部或頂部表面處之絕緣體層108接合至第一晶圓101之前部或頂部表面處之接合層103。因此,閘極112介於通道111與第一晶圓101之間。
塊體半導體基板200一般從第二晶圓102移除。此移除可在一兩步驟程序中完成。首先,如圖6中所示,藉由研磨移除塊體半導體基板200之大多數。接著,如圖7中所示,(例如)利用對SiGeC層201具選擇性之一濕式蝕刻移除剩餘半導體材料。因此,SiGeC層201用作一蝕刻止擋層。當到達SiGeC層201時,可減少蝕刻速率而容許塊體半導體基板200之所有半導體材料之一完整或均勻移除。
接著可(例如)藉由另一濕式蝕刻移除SiGeC層201以形成如圖1中所示之半導體結構100。或者,SiGeC層201可保持為在通道111中引發應力之一應力引發層。作為一應力層,SiGeC層201將提供增加通道111中之遷移率及改進整體IC之效能之優點。將不能用一些其他類型
之蝕刻止擋層(例如,一P+蝕刻止擋層)達成應力引發層之優點。
半導體結構100及形成其之程序一般可使作用層106形成為一較薄層。此程序與使用一SOI晶圓,而非第二晶圓102之一程序相對照。在此情形中,SOI晶圓之BOX可用作一蝕刻止擋層以移除下伏基板。所得基板亦將可能具有一較薄作用層。但是,本發明利用一較便宜之塊體半導體晶圓完成此。此外,上文描述之程序與使用一不同類型之蝕刻止擋(諸如一P+蝕刻止擋層)之一程序相對照。在此情形中,P+蝕刻止擋層中之摻雜物將對CMOS處理中使用之高溫具更小之容許度。因此,P+摻雜物可能在隨後CMOS處理期間在半導體晶圓內擴散,藉此將摻雜物添加至源極109、汲極110及通道111且嚴重地改變其等特性。為了利用一P+蝕刻止擋層避免此問題,P+蝕刻止擋層將必須深得多地形成至塊體半導體基板200中或半導體層202將必須厚得多。無論如何,對於本發明不能儘可能薄地形成作用層106。
在一些實施例中,可利用一拋光止擋程序較薄地製成作用層106。此程序可使用一選擇性CMP以在第二晶圓102上圖案化之STI(淺溝渠隔離)區域上止擋。
本發明之另一優點與層轉移程序相關。用於蝕刻止擋層之一常見應用係層轉移以在CMOS處理之前產生一SOI晶圓。但是,若SiGeC蝕刻止擋層用於在CMOS處理之前產生一SOI晶圓,則對於隨後處理轉移膜必須拋光成(例如,CMP等等)光滑。此程序將具挑戰性且可能因CMP程序導致一非均勻性主動裝置層。另一方面,在本發明之一些實施例中,SiGeC層201首先在第二晶圓102中處理且接著層轉移至一處置層(例如,第一晶圓101)。
換言之,CMOS處理利用磊晶或植入之SiGeC層201完成且接著在程序結束時(即,在製造主動裝置107之後)層轉移至一處置晶圓。不需要拋光在圖3之階段存在於第二晶圓102上之粗糙表面,此係因為在此表面上將不製造其他主動裝置。
雖然本發明之實施例已主要關於其特定實施例討論,但是其他變動係可行的。可使用描述之結構或程序之多種組態來替代本文呈現之組態或除了本文呈現之組態之外可使用描述之結構或程序之多種組態。例如,鈍化及絕緣之額外層可在適當情況下安置於描述之層之間。
熟悉此項技術者將明白以上描述僅藉由實例且並非易欲限制本發明。本揭示內容中之任何內容不應指示本發明限於一單一晶圓上實施之系統。本揭示內容中之任何內容不應指示本發明限於要求一特定形式之半導體處理或積體電路之系統。本揭示內容中之任何內容不應將本發明限於基於矽之半導體裝置。一般而言,呈現之任何圖僅易欲指示一可能性組態且許多變動係可行的。熟悉此項技術者亦將明白與本發明一致之方法及系統適合在涵蓋半導體結構之較寬範圍之應用中使用。
雖然已詳細關於本發明之特定實施例描述本說明書,但是熟悉此項技術者在獲得上述理解之後應明白可易於設想此等實施例之變更、變動及等效例。本發明之此等及其他修改及變動可由熟悉此項技術者在不脫離於隨附申請專利範圍中更特定提出之本發明之精神及範疇下實踐。
101‧‧‧第一晶圓
102‧‧‧第二晶圓
103‧‧‧接合層
104‧‧‧富阱層
105‧‧‧基板層
106‧‧‧作用層
107‧‧‧主動裝置
108‧‧‧絕緣體層
109‧‧‧源極
110‧‧‧汲極
111‧‧‧通道
112‧‧‧閘極
201‧‧‧矽-鍺-碳(SiGeC)層
202‧‧‧半導體層
Claims (20)
- 一種方法,其包括:形成一第一晶圓,其具有一第一接合材料;形成一第二晶圓,其具有一基板、一SiGeC層、一作用層及一第二接合材料,該作用層介於該SiGeC層與該第二接合材料之間;在該第一接合材料及該第二接合材料處將該第二晶圓接合至該第一晶圓;及使用作為一蝕刻止擋之該SiGeC層移除該基板。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中:該SiGeC層在該作用層之至少一部分中引發一應力。
- 如請求項1之方法,其進一步包括:移除該SiGeC層。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中:該第二晶圓之該形成包含在該第二晶圓至該第一晶圓之該接合之前形成該SiGeC層及該作用層。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中:該第二晶圓係一塊體矽晶圓。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中:該作用層包含一閘極及一通道;且該第二晶圓至該第一晶圓之該接合使得該閘極介於該通道與該第一晶圓之間。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中:該第一晶圓之該形成包含在其中形成一富阱層。
- 一種半導體結構,其包括:一第一晶圓;一第一接合材料,其處於該第一晶圓之一表面處;一第二晶圓,其接合至該第一晶圓;一作用層,其在該第二晶圓內;及一第二接合材料,其處於該第二晶圓之一表面處且接合至該第一接合材料; 其中已使用作為一蝕刻止擋之一SiGeC層在與該第一晶圓相對之該作用層之一側上從該第二晶圓移除一基板。
- 如請求項8之半導體結構,其進一步包括:該SiGeC層亦作為一應力引發層。
- 如請求項8之半導體結構,其中:該SiGeC層已移除。
- 如請求項8之半導體結構,其中:該SiGeC層及該作用層在將該第一晶圓接合至該第二晶圓之前形成於該第二晶圓內。
- 如請求項8之半導體結構,其中:該第二晶圓在該作用層及該SiGeC層於其中之形成之前係一塊體矽晶圓。
- 如請求項8之半導體結構,其中:該作用層包含一閘極及一通道,該閘極介於該通道與該第一晶圓之間。
- 如請求項8之半導體結構,其進一步包括:一富阱層,其在該第一晶圓內。
- 一種半導體結構,其包括:一處置晶圓;一第一接合材料,其在該處置晶圓內;一塊體矽晶圓,其接合至該處置晶圓;一作用層,其在該塊體矽晶圓內;一第二接合材料,其在該塊體矽晶圓內且接合至該第一接合材料;及一SiGeC層,其在與該處置晶圓相對之該作用層之一側上於該塊體矽晶圓內;其中已使用作為一蝕刻止擋之該SiGeC層從該塊體矽晶圓移除一基板;及其中該處置晶圓為該半導體結構提供結構強度。
- 如請求項15之半導體結構,其進一步包括:該SiGeC層亦作為一應力引發層。
- 如請求項15之半導體結構,其中:該SiGeC層已移除。
- 如請求項15之半導體結構,其中:該SiGeC層及該作用層在將該處置晶圓接合至該塊體矽晶圓之前形成於該塊體矽晶圓內。
- 如請求項15之半導體結構,其中:該作用層包含一閘極及一通道,該閘極介於該通道與該處置晶圓之間。
- 如請求項15之半導體結構,其進一步包括:一富阱層,其在該處置晶圓內。
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